3 * Copyright (C) 1995-1996 Gary Thomas (gdt@linuxppc.org)
5 * Modifications by Paul Mackerras (PowerMac) (paulus@cs.anu.edu.au)
6 * and Cort Dougan (PReP) (cort@cs.nmt.edu)
7 * Copyright (C) 1996 Paul Mackerras
8 * PPC44x/36-bit changes by Matt Porter (mporter@mvista.com)
10 * Derived from "arch/i386/mm/init.c"
11 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds
13 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
15 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
16 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
20 #include <linux/module.h>
21 #include <linux/sched.h>
22 #include <linux/kernel.h>
23 #include <linux/errno.h>
24 #include <linux/string.h>
25 #include <linux/types.h>
27 #include <linux/stddef.h>
28 #include <linux/init.h>
29 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
30 #include <linux/highmem.h>
31 #include <linux/initrd.h>
32 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
33 #include <linux/suspend.h>
34 #include <linux/lmb.h>
36 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
39 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
40 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
43 #include <asm/machdep.h>
44 #include <asm/btext.h>
46 #include <asm/sections.h>
48 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
52 #ifndef CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE
53 #define CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE 0 /* XXX for now */
54 #define CPU_FTR_NOEXECUTE 0
57 int init_bootmem_done
;
59 unsigned long memory_limit
;
65 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmap_prot
);
66 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmap_pte
);
68 static inline pte_t
*virt_to_kpte(unsigned long vaddr
)
70 return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr
),
71 vaddr
), vaddr
), vaddr
);
75 int page_is_ram(unsigned long pfn
)
77 unsigned long paddr
= (pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
79 #ifndef CONFIG_PPC64 /* XXX for now */
80 return paddr
< __pa(high_memory
);
83 for (i
=0; i
< lmb
.memory
.cnt
; i
++) {
86 base
= lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].base
;
88 if ((paddr
>= base
) &&
89 (paddr
< (base
+ lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].size
))) {
98 pgprot_t
phys_mem_access_prot(struct file
*file
, unsigned long pfn
,
99 unsigned long size
, pgprot_t vma_prot
)
101 if (ppc_md
.phys_mem_access_prot
)
102 return ppc_md
.phys_mem_access_prot(file
, pfn
, size
, vma_prot
);
104 if (!page_is_ram(pfn
))
105 vma_prot
= __pgprot(pgprot_val(vma_prot
)
106 | _PAGE_GUARDED
| _PAGE_NO_CACHE
);
109 EXPORT_SYMBOL(phys_mem_access_prot
);
111 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
114 int memory_add_physaddr_to_nid(u64 start
)
116 return hot_add_scn_to_nid(start
);
120 int arch_add_memory(int nid
, u64 start
, u64 size
)
122 struct pglist_data
*pgdata
;
124 unsigned long start_pfn
= start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
125 unsigned long nr_pages
= size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
127 pgdata
= NODE_DATA(nid
);
129 start
= (unsigned long)__va(start
);
130 create_section_mapping(start
, start
+ size
);
132 /* this should work for most non-highmem platforms */
133 zone
= pgdata
->node_zones
;
135 return __add_pages(zone
, start_pfn
, nr_pages
);
138 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
139 int remove_memory(u64 start
, u64 size
)
141 unsigned long start_pfn
, end_pfn
;
144 start_pfn
= start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
145 end_pfn
= start_pfn
+ (size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
146 ret
= offline_pages(start_pfn
, end_pfn
, 120 * HZ
);
149 /* Arch-specific calls go here - next patch */
153 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE */
154 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG */
157 * walk_memory_resource() needs to make sure there is no holes in a given
158 * memory range. PPC64 does not maintain the memory layout in /proc/iomem.
159 * Instead it maintains it in lmb.memory structures. Walk through the
160 * memory regions, find holes and callback for contiguous regions.
163 walk_memory_resource(unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long nr_pages
, void *arg
,
164 int (*func
)(unsigned long, unsigned long, void *))
166 struct lmb_property res
;
167 unsigned long pfn
, len
;
171 res
.base
= (u64
) start_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
;
172 res
.size
= (u64
) nr_pages
<< PAGE_SHIFT
;
174 end
= res
.base
+ res
.size
- 1;
175 while ((res
.base
< end
) && (lmb_find(&res
) >= 0)) {
176 pfn
= (unsigned long)(res
.base
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
177 len
= (unsigned long)(res
.size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
178 ret
= (*func
)(pfn
, len
, arg
);
181 res
.base
+= (res
.size
+ 1);
182 res
.size
= (end
- res
.base
+ 1);
186 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(walk_memory_resource
);
190 unsigned long total
= 0, reserved
= 0;
191 unsigned long shared
= 0, cached
= 0;
192 unsigned long highmem
= 0;
197 printk("Mem-info:\n");
199 for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat
) {
201 pgdat_resize_lock(pgdat
, &flags
);
202 for (i
= 0; i
< pgdat
->node_spanned_pages
; i
++) {
203 if (!pfn_valid(pgdat
->node_start_pfn
+ i
))
205 page
= pgdat_page_nr(pgdat
, i
);
207 if (PageHighMem(page
))
209 if (PageReserved(page
))
211 else if (PageSwapCache(page
))
213 else if (page_count(page
))
214 shared
+= page_count(page
) - 1;
216 pgdat_resize_unlock(pgdat
, &flags
);
218 printk("%ld pages of RAM\n", total
);
219 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
220 printk("%ld pages of HIGHMEM\n", highmem
);
222 printk("%ld reserved pages\n", reserved
);
223 printk("%ld pages shared\n", shared
);
224 printk("%ld pages swap cached\n", cached
);
228 * Initialize the bootmem system and give it all the memory we
229 * have available. If we are using highmem, we only put the
230 * lowmem into the bootmem system.
232 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
233 void __init
do_init_bootmem(void)
236 unsigned long start
, bootmap_pages
;
237 unsigned long total_pages
;
240 max_low_pfn
= max_pfn
= lmb_end_of_DRAM() >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
241 total_pages
= (lmb_end_of_DRAM() - memstart_addr
) >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
242 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
243 total_pages
= total_lowmem
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
244 max_low_pfn
= lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
248 * Find an area to use for the bootmem bitmap. Calculate the size of
249 * bitmap required as (Total Memory) / PAGE_SIZE / BITS_PER_BYTE.
250 * Add 1 additional page in case the address isn't page-aligned.
252 bootmap_pages
= bootmem_bootmap_pages(total_pages
);
254 start
= lmb_alloc(bootmap_pages
<< PAGE_SHIFT
, PAGE_SIZE
);
256 min_low_pfn
= MEMORY_START
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
257 boot_mapsize
= init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(0), start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
, min_low_pfn
, max_low_pfn
);
259 /* Add active regions with valid PFNs */
260 for (i
= 0; i
< lmb
.memory
.cnt
; i
++) {
261 unsigned long start_pfn
, end_pfn
;
262 start_pfn
= lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].base
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
263 end_pfn
= start_pfn
+ lmb_size_pages(&lmb
.memory
, i
);
264 add_active_range(0, start_pfn
, end_pfn
);
267 /* Add all physical memory to the bootmem map, mark each area
270 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
271 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(0, lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
273 /* reserve the sections we're already using */
274 for (i
= 0; i
< lmb
.reserved
.cnt
; i
++) {
275 unsigned long addr
= lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
+
276 lmb_size_bytes(&lmb
.reserved
, i
) - 1;
277 if (addr
< lowmem_end_addr
)
278 reserve_bootmem(lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
,
279 lmb_size_bytes(&lmb
.reserved
, i
),
281 else if (lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
< lowmem_end_addr
) {
282 unsigned long adjusted_size
= lowmem_end_addr
-
283 lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
;
284 reserve_bootmem(lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
,
285 adjusted_size
, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT
);
289 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(0, max_pfn
);
291 /* reserve the sections we're already using */
292 for (i
= 0; i
< lmb
.reserved
.cnt
; i
++)
293 reserve_bootmem(lmb
.reserved
.region
[i
].base
,
294 lmb_size_bytes(&lmb
.reserved
, i
),
298 /* XXX need to clip this if using highmem? */
299 sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
301 init_bootmem_done
= 1;
304 /* mark pages that don't exist as nosave */
305 static int __init
mark_nonram_nosave(void)
307 unsigned long lmb_next_region_start_pfn
,
311 for (i
= 0; i
< lmb
.memory
.cnt
- 1; i
++) {
313 (lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].base
>> PAGE_SHIFT
) +
314 (lmb
.memory
.region
[i
].size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
315 lmb_next_region_start_pfn
=
316 lmb
.memory
.region
[i
+1].base
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
318 if (lmb_region_max_pfn
< lmb_next_region_start_pfn
)
319 register_nosave_region(lmb_region_max_pfn
,
320 lmb_next_region_start_pfn
);
327 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - in fact we've already done this.
329 void __init
paging_init(void)
331 unsigned long total_ram
= lmb_phys_mem_size();
332 unsigned long top_of_ram
= lmb_end_of_DRAM();
333 unsigned long max_zone_pfns
[MAX_NR_ZONES
];
336 unsigned long v
= __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses
- 1);
337 unsigned long end
= __fix_to_virt(FIX_HOLE
);
339 for (; v
< end
; v
+= PAGE_SIZE
)
340 map_page(v
, 0, 0); /* XXX gross */
343 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
344 map_page(PKMAP_BASE
, 0, 0); /* XXX gross */
345 pkmap_page_table
= virt_to_kpte(PKMAP_BASE
);
347 kmap_pte
= virt_to_kpte(__fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN
));
348 kmap_prot
= PAGE_KERNEL
;
349 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
351 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"Top of RAM: 0x%lx, Total RAM: 0x%lx\n",
352 top_of_ram
, total_ram
);
353 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"Memory hole size: %ldMB\n",
354 (top_of_ram
- total_ram
) >> 20);
355 memset(max_zone_pfns
, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns
));
356 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
357 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_DMA
] = lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
358 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_HIGHMEM
] = top_of_ram
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
360 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_DMA
] = top_of_ram
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
362 free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns
);
364 mark_nonram_nosave();
366 #endif /* ! CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
368 void __init
mem_init(void)
370 #ifdef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
376 unsigned long reservedpages
= 0, codesize
, initsize
, datasize
, bsssize
;
378 num_physpages
= lmb
.memory
.size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
379 high_memory
= (void *) __va(max_low_pfn
* PAGE_SIZE
);
381 #ifdef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
382 for_each_online_node(nid
) {
383 if (NODE_DATA(nid
)->node_spanned_pages
!= 0) {
384 printk("freeing bootmem node %d\n", nid
);
386 free_all_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nid
));
391 totalram_pages
+= free_all_bootmem();
393 for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat
) {
394 for (i
= 0; i
< pgdat
->node_spanned_pages
; i
++) {
395 if (!pfn_valid(pgdat
->node_start_pfn
+ i
))
397 page
= pgdat_page_nr(pgdat
, i
);
398 if (PageReserved(page
))
403 codesize
= (unsigned long)&_sdata
- (unsigned long)&_stext
;
404 datasize
= (unsigned long)&_edata
- (unsigned long)&_sdata
;
405 initsize
= (unsigned long)&__init_end
- (unsigned long)&__init_begin
;
406 bsssize
= (unsigned long)&__bss_stop
- (unsigned long)&__bss_start
;
408 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
410 unsigned long pfn
, highmem_mapnr
;
412 highmem_mapnr
= lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
413 for (pfn
= highmem_mapnr
; pfn
< max_mapnr
; ++pfn
) {
414 struct page
*page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
415 if (lmb_is_reserved(pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
))
417 ClearPageReserved(page
);
418 init_page_count(page
);
423 totalram_pages
+= totalhigh_pages
;
424 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"High memory: %luk\n",
425 totalhigh_pages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10));
427 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
429 printk(KERN_INFO
"Memory: %luk/%luk available (%luk kernel code, "
430 "%luk reserved, %luk data, %luk bss, %luk init)\n",
431 (unsigned long)nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
432 num_physpages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
434 reservedpages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
443 * This is called when a page has been modified by the kernel.
444 * It just marks the page as not i-cache clean. We do the i-cache
445 * flush later when the page is given to a user process, if necessary.
447 void flush_dcache_page(struct page
*page
)
449 if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE
))
451 /* avoid an atomic op if possible */
452 if (test_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
))
453 clear_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
);
455 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_dcache_page
);
457 void flush_dcache_icache_page(struct page
*page
)
460 void *start
= kmap_atomic(page
, KM_PPC_SYNC_ICACHE
);
461 __flush_dcache_icache(start
);
462 kunmap_atomic(start
, KM_PPC_SYNC_ICACHE
);
463 #elif defined(CONFIG_8xx) || defined(CONFIG_PPC64)
464 /* On 8xx there is no need to kmap since highmem is not supported */
465 __flush_dcache_icache(page_address(page
));
467 __flush_dcache_icache_phys(page_to_pfn(page
) << PAGE_SHIFT
);
471 void clear_user_page(void *page
, unsigned long vaddr
, struct page
*pg
)
476 * We shouldnt have to do this, but some versions of glibc
477 * require it (ld.so assumes zero filled pages are icache clean)
480 flush_dcache_page(pg
);
482 EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_user_page
);
484 void copy_user_page(void *vto
, void *vfrom
, unsigned long vaddr
,
487 copy_page(vto
, vfrom
);
490 * We should be able to use the following optimisation, however
491 * there are two problems.
492 * Firstly a bug in some versions of binutils meant PLT sections
493 * were not marked executable.
494 * Secondly the first word in the GOT section is blrl, used
495 * to establish the GOT address. Until recently the GOT was
496 * not marked executable.
500 if (!vma
->vm_file
&& ((vma
->vm_flags
& VM_EXEC
) == 0))
504 flush_dcache_page(pg
);
507 void flush_icache_user_range(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, struct page
*page
,
508 unsigned long addr
, int len
)
512 maddr
= (unsigned long) kmap(page
) + (addr
& ~PAGE_MASK
);
513 flush_icache_range(maddr
, maddr
+ len
);
516 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_icache_user_range
);
519 * This is called at the end of handling a user page fault, when the
520 * fault has been handled by updating a PTE in the linux page tables.
521 * We use it to preload an HPTE into the hash table corresponding to
522 * the updated linux PTE.
524 * This must always be called with the pte lock held.
526 void update_mmu_cache(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, unsigned long address
,
529 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU
530 unsigned long access
= 0, trap
;
532 unsigned long pfn
= pte_pfn(pte
);
534 /* handle i-cache coherency */
535 if (!cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE
) &&
536 !cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_NOEXECUTE
) &&
538 struct page
*page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
540 /* On 8xx, cache control instructions (particularly
541 * "dcbst" from flush_dcache_icache) fault as write
542 * operation if there is an unpopulated TLB entry
543 * for the address in question. To workaround that,
544 * we invalidate the TLB here, thus avoiding dcbst
547 _tlbie(address
, 0 /* 8xx doesn't care about PID */);
549 /* The _PAGE_USER test should really be _PAGE_EXEC, but
550 * older glibc versions execute some code from no-exec
551 * pages, which for now we are supporting. If exec-only
552 * pages are ever implemented, this will have to change.
554 if (!PageReserved(page
) && (pte_val(pte
) & _PAGE_USER
)
555 && !test_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
)) {
556 if (vma
->vm_mm
== current
->active_mm
) {
557 __flush_dcache_icache((void *) address
);
559 flush_dcache_icache_page(page
);
560 set_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
);
564 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU
565 /* We only want HPTEs for linux PTEs that have _PAGE_ACCESSED set */
566 if (!pte_young(pte
) || address
>= TASK_SIZE
)
569 /* We try to figure out if we are coming from an instruction
570 * access fault and pass that down to __hash_page so we avoid
571 * double-faulting on execution of fresh text. We have to test
572 * for regs NULL since init will get here first thing at boot
574 * We also avoid filling the hash if not coming from a fault
576 if (current
->thread
.regs
== NULL
)
578 trap
= TRAP(current
->thread
.regs
);
580 access
|= _PAGE_EXEC
;
581 else if (trap
!= 0x300)
583 hash_preload(vma
->vm_mm
, address
, access
, trap
);
584 #endif /* CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU */