include/linux/kernel.h

   1 #ifndef _LINUX_KERNEL_H
   2 #define _LINUX_KERNEL_H
   3
   4 /*
   5  * 'kernel.h' contains some often-used function prototypes etc
   6  */
   7
   8 #ifdef __KERNEL__
   9
  10 #include <stdarg.h>
  11 #include <linux/linkage.h>
  12 #include <linux/stddef.h>
  13 #include <linux/types.h>
  14 #include <linux/compiler.h>
  15 #include <linux/bitops.h>
  16 #include <linux/log2.h>
  17 #include <linux/typecheck.h>
  18 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
  19 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
  20 #include <asm/bug.h>
  21
  22 extern const char linux_banner[];
  23 extern const char linux_proc_banner[];
  24
  25 #define USHORT_MAX      ((u16)(~0U))
  26 #define SHORT_MAX       ((s16)(USHORT_MAX>>1))
  27 #define SHORT_MIN       (-SHORT_MAX - 1)
  28 #define INT_MAX         ((int)(~0U>>1))
  29 #define INT_MIN         (-INT_MAX - 1)
  30 #define UINT_MAX        (~0U)
  31 #define LONG_MAX        ((long)(~0UL>>1))
  32 #define LONG_MIN        (-LONG_MAX - 1)
  33 #define ULONG_MAX       (~0UL)
  34 #define LLONG_MAX       ((long long)(~0ULL>>1))
  35 #define LLONG_MIN       (-LLONG_MAX - 1)
  36 #define ULLONG_MAX      (~0ULL)
  37
  38 #define STACK_MAGIC     0xdeadbeef
  39
  40 #define ALIGN(x,a)              __ALIGN_MASK(x,(typeof(x))(a)-1)
  41 #define __ALIGN_MASK(x,mask)    (((x)+(mask))&~(mask))
  42 #define PTR_ALIGN(p, a)         ((typeof(p))ALIGN((unsigned long)(p), (a)))
  43 #define IS_ALIGNED(x, a)                (((x) & ((typeof(x))(a) - 1)) == 0)
  44
  45 #define ARRAY_SIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof((arr)[0]) + __must_be_array(arr))
  46
  47 #define FIELD_SIZEOF(t, f) (sizeof(((t*)0)->f))
  48 #define DIV_ROUND_UP(n,d) (((n) + (d) - 1) / (d))
  49 #define roundup(x, y) ((((x) + ((y) - 1)) / (y)) * (y))
  50
  51 #define _RET_IP_                (unsigned long)__builtin_return_address(0)
  52 #define _THIS_IP_  ({ __label__ __here; __here: (unsigned long)&&__here; })
  53
  54 #ifdef CONFIG_LBD
  55 # include <asm/div64.h>
  56 # define sector_div(a, b) do_div(a, b)
  57 #else
  58 # define sector_div(n, b)( \
  59 { \
  60         int _res; \
  61         _res = (n) % (b); \
  62         (n) /= (b); \
  63         _res; \
  64 } \
  65 )
  66 #endif
  67
  68 /**
  69  * upper_32_bits - return bits 32-63 of a number
  70  * @n: the number we're accessing
  71  *
  72  * A basic shift-right of a 64- or 32-bit quantity.  Use this to suppress
  73  * the "right shift count >= width of type" warning when that quantity is
  74  * 32-bits.
  75  */
  76 #define upper_32_bits(n) ((u32)(((n) >> 16) >> 16))
  77
  78 /**
  79  * lower_32_bits - return bits 0-31 of a number
  80  * @n: the number we're accessing
  81  */
  82 #define lower_32_bits(n) ((u32)(n))
  83
  84 #define KERN_EMERG      "<0>"   /* system is unusable                   */
  85 #define KERN_ALERT      "<1>"   /* action must be taken immediately     */
  86 #define KERN_CRIT       "<2>"   /* critical conditions                  */
  87 #define KERN_ERR        "<3>"   /* error conditions                     */
  88 #define KERN_WARNING    "<4>"   /* warning conditions                   */
  89 #define KERN_NOTICE     "<5>"   /* normal but significant condition     */
  90 #define KERN_INFO       "<6>"   /* informational                        */
  91 #define KERN_DEBUG      "<7>"   /* debug-level messages                 */
  92
  93 /*
  94  * Annotation for a "continued" line of log printout (only done after a
  95  * line that had no enclosing \n). Only to be used by core/arch code
  96  * during early bootup (a continued line is not SMP-safe otherwise).
  97  */
  98 #define KERN_CONT       ""
  99
 100 extern int console_printk[];
 101
 102 #define console_loglevel (console_printk[0])
 103 #define default_message_loglevel (console_printk[1])
 104 #define minimum_console_loglevel (console_printk[2])
 105 #define default_console_loglevel (console_printk[3])
 106
 107 struct completion;
 108 struct pt_regs;
 109 struct user;
 110
 111 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY
 112 extern int _cond_resched(void);
 113 # define might_resched() _cond_resched()
 114 #else
 115 # define might_resched() do { } while (0)
 116 #endif
 117
 118 /**
 119  * might_sleep - annotation for functions that can sleep
 120  *
 121  * this macro will print a stack trace if it is executed in an atomic
 122  * context (spinlock, irq-handler, ...).
 123  *
 124  * This is a useful debugging help to be able to catch problems early and not
 125  * be bitten later when the calling function happens to sleep when it is not
 126  * supposed to.
 127  */
 128 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK_SLEEP
 129   void __might_sleep(char *file, int line);
 130 # define might_sleep() \
 131         do { __might_sleep(__FILE__, __LINE__); might_resched(); } while (0)
 132 #else
 133 # define might_sleep() do { might_resched(); } while (0)
 134 #endif
 135
 136 #define might_sleep_if(cond) do { if (cond) might_sleep(); } while (0)
 137
 138 #define abs(x) ({                               \
 139                 int __x = (x);                  \
 140                 (__x < 0) ? -__x : __x;         \
 141         })
 142
 143 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
 144 void might_fault(void);
 145 #else
 146 static inline void might_fault(void)
 147 {
 148         might_sleep();
 149 }
 150 #endif
 151
 152 extern struct atomic_notifier_head panic_notifier_list;
 153 extern long (*panic_blink)(long time);
 154 NORET_TYPE void panic(const char * fmt, ...)
 155         __attribute__ ((NORET_AND format (printf, 1, 2))) __cold;
 156 extern void oops_enter(void);
 157 extern void oops_exit(void);
 158 extern int oops_may_print(void);
 159 NORET_TYPE void do_exit(long error_code)
 160         ATTRIB_NORET;
 161 NORET_TYPE void complete_and_exit(struct completion *, long)
 162         ATTRIB_NORET;
 163 extern unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
 164 extern long simple_strtol(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
 165 extern unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
 166 extern long long simple_strtoll(const char *,char **,unsigned int);
 167 extern int strict_strtoul(const char *, unsigned int, unsigned long *);
 168 extern int strict_strtol(const char *, unsigned int, long *);
 169 extern int strict_strtoull(const char *, unsigned int, unsigned long long *);
 170 extern int strict_strtoll(const char *, unsigned int, long long *);
 171 extern int sprintf(char * buf, const char * fmt, ...)
 172         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 173 extern int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *, va_list)
 174         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 0)));
 175 extern int snprintf(char * buf, size_t size, const char * fmt, ...)
 176         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 4)));
 177 extern int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
 178         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 0)));
 179 extern int scnprintf(char * buf, size_t size, const char * fmt, ...)
 180         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 4)));
 181 extern int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
 182         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 3, 0)));
 183 extern char *kasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, ...)
 184         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 185 extern char *kvasprintf(gfp_t gfp, const char *fmt, va_list args);
 186
 187 extern int sscanf(const char *, const char *, ...)
 188         __attribute__ ((format (scanf, 2, 3)));
 189 extern int vsscanf(const char *, const char *, va_list)
 190         __attribute__ ((format (scanf, 2, 0)));
 191
 192 extern int get_option(char **str, int *pint);
 193 extern char *get_options(const char *str, int nints, int *ints);
 194 extern unsigned long long memparse(char *ptr, char **retptr);
 195
 196 extern int core_kernel_text(unsigned long addr);
 197 extern int __kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);
 198 extern int kernel_text_address(unsigned long addr);
 199 struct pid;
 200 extern struct pid *session_of_pgrp(struct pid *pgrp);
 201
 202 #ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
 203 asmlinkage int vprintk(const char *fmt, va_list args)
 204         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 0)));
 205 asmlinkage int printk(const char * fmt, ...)
 206         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 2))) __cold;
 207
 208 extern struct ratelimit_state printk_ratelimit_state;
 209 extern int printk_ratelimit(void);
 210 extern bool printk_timed_ratelimit(unsigned long *caller_jiffies,
 211                                    unsigned int interval_msec);
 212 #else
 213 static inline int vprintk(const char *s, va_list args)
 214         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 0)));
 215 static inline int vprintk(const char *s, va_list args) { return 0; }
 216 static inline int printk(const char *s, ...)
 217         __attribute__ ((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 218 static inline int __cold printk(const char *s, ...) { return 0; }
 219 static inline int printk_ratelimit(void) { return 0; }
 220 static inline bool printk_timed_ratelimit(unsigned long *caller_jiffies, \
 221                                           unsigned int interval_msec)   \
 222                 { return false; }
 223 #endif
 224
 225 extern void asmlinkage __attribute__((format(printf, 1, 2)))
 226         early_printk(const char *fmt, ...);
 227
 228 unsigned long int_sqrt(unsigned long);
 229
 230 static inline void console_silent(void)
 231 {
 232         console_loglevel = 0;
 233 }
 234
 235 static inline void console_verbose(void)
 236 {
 237         if (console_loglevel)
 238                 console_loglevel = 15;
 239 }
 240
 241 extern void bust_spinlocks(int yes);
 242 extern void wake_up_klogd(void);
 243 extern int oops_in_progress;            /* If set, an oops, panic(), BUG() or die() is in progress */
 244 extern int panic_timeout;
 245 extern int panic_on_oops;
 246 extern int panic_on_unrecovered_nmi;
 247 extern int tainted;
 248 extern const char *print_tainted(void);
 249 extern void add_taint(unsigned);
 250 extern int root_mountflags;
 251
 252 /* Values used for system_state */
 253 extern enum system_states {
 254         SYSTEM_BOOTING,
 255         SYSTEM_RUNNING,
 256         SYSTEM_HALT,
 257         SYSTEM_POWER_OFF,
 258         SYSTEM_RESTART,
 259         SYSTEM_SUSPEND_DISK,
 260 } system_state;
 261
 262 #define TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE        (1<<0)
 263 #define TAINT_FORCED_MODULE             (1<<1)
 264 #define TAINT_UNSAFE_SMP                (1<<2)
 265 #define TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD              (1<<3)
 266 #define TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK             (1<<4)
 267 #define TAINT_BAD_PAGE                  (1<<5)
 268 #define TAINT_USER                      (1<<6)
 269 #define TAINT_DIE                       (1<<7)
 270 #define TAINT_OVERRIDDEN_ACPI_TABLE     (1<<8)
 271 #define TAINT_WARN                      (1<<9)
 272
 273 extern void dump_stack(void) __cold;
 274
 275 enum {
 276         DUMP_PREFIX_NONE,
 277         DUMP_PREFIX_ADDRESS,
 278         DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET
 279 };
 280 extern void hex_dump_to_buffer(const void *buf, size_t len,
 281                                 int rowsize, int groupsize,
 282                                 char *linebuf, size_t linebuflen, bool ascii);
 283 extern void print_hex_dump(const char *level, const char *prefix_str,
 284                                 int prefix_type, int rowsize, int groupsize,
 285                                 const void *buf, size_t len, bool ascii);
 286 extern void print_hex_dump_bytes(const char *prefix_str, int prefix_type,
 287                         const void *buf, size_t len);
 288
 289 extern const char hex_asc[];
 290 #define hex_asc_lo(x)   hex_asc[((x) & 0x0f)]
 291 #define hex_asc_hi(x)   hex_asc[((x) & 0xf0) >> 4]
 292
 293 static inline char *pack_hex_byte(char *buf, u8 byte)
 294 {
 295         *buf++ = hex_asc_hi(byte);
 296         *buf++ = hex_asc_lo(byte);
 297         return buf;
 298 }
 299
 300 #define pr_emerg(fmt, arg...) \
 301         printk(KERN_EMERG fmt, ##arg)
 302 #define pr_alert(fmt, arg...) \
 303         printk(KERN_ALERT fmt, ##arg)
 304 #define pr_crit(fmt, arg...) \
 305         printk(KERN_CRIT fmt, ##arg)
 306 #define pr_err(fmt, arg...) \
 307         printk(KERN_ERR fmt, ##arg)
 308 #define pr_warning(fmt, arg...) \
 309         printk(KERN_WARNING fmt, ##arg)
 310 #define pr_notice(fmt, arg...) \
 311         printk(KERN_NOTICE fmt, ##arg)
 312 #define pr_info(fmt, arg...) \
 313         printk(KERN_INFO fmt, ##arg)
 314
 315 #ifdef DEBUG
 316 /* If you are writing a driver, please use dev_dbg instead */
 317 #define pr_debug(fmt, arg...) \
 318         printk(KERN_DEBUG fmt, ##arg)
 319 #else
 320 #define pr_debug(fmt, arg...) \
 321         ({ if (0) printk(KERN_DEBUG fmt, ##arg); 0; })
 322 #endif
 323
 324 /*
 325  *      Display an IP address in readable format.
 326  */
 327
 328 #define NIPQUAD(addr) \
 329         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[0], \
 330         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[1], \
 331         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[2], \
 332         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[3]
 333 #define NIPQUAD_FMT "%u.%u.%u.%u"
 334
 335 #define NIP6(addr) \
 336         ntohs((addr).s6_addr16[0]), \
 337         ntohs((addr).s6_addr16[1]), \
 338         ntohs((addr).s6_addr16[2]), \
 339         ntohs((addr).s6_addr16[3]), \
 340         ntohs((addr).s6_addr16[4]), \
 341         ntohs((addr).s6_addr16[5]), \
 342         ntohs((addr).s6_addr16[6]), \
 343         ntohs((addr).s6_addr16[7])
 344 #define NIP6_FMT "%04x:%04x:%04x:%04x:%04x:%04x:%04x:%04x"
 345 #define NIP6_SEQFMT "%04x%04x%04x%04x%04x%04x%04x%04x"
 346
 347 #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN)
 348 #define HIPQUAD(addr) \
 349         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[3], \
 350         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[2], \
 351         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[1], \
 352         ((unsigned char *)&addr)[0]
 353 #elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN)
 354 #define HIPQUAD NIPQUAD
 355 #else
 356 #error "Please fix asm/byteorder.h"
 357 #endif /* __LITTLE_ENDIAN */
 358
 359 /*
 360  * min()/max()/clamp() macros that also do
 361  * strict type-checking.. See the
 362  * "unnecessary" pointer comparison.
 363  */
 364 #define min(x, y) ({                            \
 365         typeof(x) _min1 = (x);                  \
 366         typeof(y) _min2 = (y);                  \
 367         (void) (&_min1 == &_min2);              \
 368         _min1 < _min2 ? _min1 : _min2; })
 369
 370 #define max(x, y) ({                            \
 371         typeof(x) _max1 = (x);                  \
 372         typeof(y) _max2 = (y);                  \
 373         (void) (&_max1 == &_max2);              \
 374         _max1 > _max2 ? _max1 : _max2; })
 375
 376 /**
 377  * clamp - return a value clamped to a given range with strict typechecking
 378  * @val: current value
 379  * @min: minimum allowable value
 380  * @max: maximum allowable value
 381  *
 382  * This macro does strict typechecking of min/max to make sure they are of the
 383  * same type as val.  See the unnecessary pointer comparisons.
 384  */
 385 #define clamp(val, min, max) ({                 \
 386         typeof(val) __val = (val);              \
 387         typeof(min) __min = (min);              \
 388         typeof(max) __max = (max);              \
 389         (void) (&__val == &__min);              \
 390         (void) (&__val == &__max);              \
 391         __val = __val < __min ? __min: __val;   \
 392         __val > __max ? __max: __val; })
 393
 394 /*
 395  * ..and if you can't take the strict
 396  * types, you can specify one yourself.
 397  *
 398  * Or not use min/max/clamp at all, of course.
 399  */
 400 #define min_t(type, x, y) ({                    \
 401         type __min1 = (x);                      \
 402         type __min2 = (y);                      \
 403         __min1 < __min2 ? __min1: __min2; })
 404
 405 #define max_t(type, x, y) ({                    \
 406         type __max1 = (x);                      \
 407         type __max2 = (y);                      \
 408         __max1 > __max2 ? __max1: __max2; })
 409
 410 /**
 411  * clamp_t - return a value clamped to a given range using a given type
 412  * @type: the type of variable to use
 413  * @val: current value
 414  * @min: minimum allowable value
 415  * @max: maximum allowable value
 416  *
 417  * This macro does no typechecking and uses temporary variables of type
 418  * 'type' to make all the comparisons.
 419  */
 420 #define clamp_t(type, val, min, max) ({         \
 421         type __val = (val);                     \
 422         type __min = (min);                     \
 423         type __max = (max);                     \
 424         __val = __val < __min ? __min: __val;   \
 425         __val > __max ? __max: __val; })
 426
 427 /**
 428  * clamp_val - return a value clamped to a given range using val's type
 429  * @val: current value
 430  * @min: minimum allowable value
 431  * @max: maximum allowable value
 432  *
 433  * This macro does no typechecking and uses temporary variables of whatever
 434  * type the input argument 'val' is.  This is useful when val is an unsigned
 435  * type and min and max are literals that will otherwise be assigned a signed
 436  * integer type.
 437  */
 438 #define clamp_val(val, min, max) ({             \
 439         typeof(val) __val = (val);              \
 440         typeof(val) __min = (min);              \
 441         typeof(val) __max = (max);              \
 442         __val = __val < __min ? __min: __val;   \
 443         __val > __max ? __max: __val; })
 444
 445 /**
 446  * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
 447  * @ptr:        the pointer to the member.
 448  * @type:       the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
 449  * @member:     the name of the member within the struct.
 450  *
 451  */
 452 #define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({                      \
 453         const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr);    \
 454         (type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})
 455
 456 struct sysinfo;
 457 extern int do_sysinfo(struct sysinfo *info);
 458
 459 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
 460
 461 #define SI_LOAD_SHIFT   16
 462 struct sysinfo {
 463         long uptime;                    /* Seconds since boot */
 464         unsigned long loads[3];         /* 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages */
 465         unsigned long totalram;         /* Total usable main memory size */
 466         unsigned long freeram;          /* Available memory size */
 467         unsigned long sharedram;        /* Amount of shared memory */
 468         unsigned long bufferram;        /* Memory used by buffers */
 469         unsigned long totalswap;        /* Total swap space size */
 470         unsigned long freeswap;         /* swap space still available */
 471         unsigned short procs;           /* Number of current processes */
 472         unsigned short pad;             /* explicit padding for m68k */
 473         unsigned long totalhigh;        /* Total high memory size */
 474         unsigned long freehigh;         /* Available high memory size */
 475         unsigned int mem_unit;          /* Memory unit size in bytes */
 476         char _f[20-2*sizeof(long)-sizeof(int)]; /* Padding: libc5 uses this.. */
 477 };
 478
 479 /* Force a compilation error if condition is true */
 480 #define BUILD_BUG_ON(condition) ((void)sizeof(char[1 - 2*!!(condition)]))
 481
 482 /* Force a compilation error if condition is true, but also produce a
 483    result (of value 0 and type size_t), so the expression can be used
 484    e.g. in a structure initializer (or where-ever else comma expressions
 485    aren't permitted). */
 486 #define BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO(e) (sizeof(char[1 - 2 * !!(e)]) - 1)
 487
 488 /* Trap pasters of __FUNCTION__ at compile-time */
 489 #define __FUNCTION__ (__func__)
 490
 491 /* This helps us to avoid #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA */
 492 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 493 #define NUMA_BUILD 1
 494 #else
 495 #define NUMA_BUILD 0
 496 #endif
 497
 498 #endif