lib/ofp-print.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, 2010 Nicira Networks.
   3  *
   4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
   7  *
   8  *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   9  *
  10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  14  * limitations under the License.
  15  */
  16
  17 #include <config.h>
  18 #include "ofp-print.h"
  19 #include "xtoxll.h"
  20
  21 #include <errno.h>
  22 #include <inttypes.h>
  23 #include <netinet/in.h>
  24 #include <sys/wait.h>
  25 #include <stdarg.h>
  26 #include <stdlib.h>
  27 #include <ctype.h>
  28
  29 #include "compiler.h"
  30 #include "dynamic-string.h"
  31 #include "flow.h"
  32 #include "ofpbuf.h"
  33 #include "openflow/openflow.h"
  34 #include "openflow/nicira-ext.h"
  35 #include "packets.h"
  36 #include "pcap.h"
  37 #include "util.h"
  38
  39 static void ofp_print_port_name(struct ds *string, uint16_t port);
  40
  41 /* Returns a string that represents the contents of the Ethernet frame in the
  42  * 'len' bytes starting at 'data' to 'stream' as output by tcpdump.
  43  * 'total_len' specifies the full length of the Ethernet frame (of which 'len'
  44  * bytes were captured).
  45  *
  46  * The caller must free the returned string.
  47  *
  48  * This starts and kills a tcpdump subprocess so it's quite expensive. */
  49 char *
  50 ofp_packet_to_string(const void *data, size_t len, size_t total_len OVS_UNUSED)
  51 {
  52     struct ds ds = DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER;
  53     struct ofpbuf buf;
  54
  55     char command[128];
  56     FILE *pcap;
  57     FILE *tcpdump;
  58     int status;
  59     int c;
  60
  61     buf.data = (void *) data;
  62     buf.size = len;
  63
  64     pcap = tmpfile();
  65     if (!pcap) {
  66         ovs_error(errno, "tmpfile");
  67         return xstrdup("<error>");
  68     }
  69     pcap_write_header(pcap);
  70     pcap_write(pcap, &buf);
  71     fflush(pcap);
  72     if (ferror(pcap)) {
  73         ovs_error(errno, "error writing temporary file");
  74     }
  75     rewind(pcap);
  76
  77     snprintf(command, sizeof command, "/usr/sbin/tcpdump -e -n -r /dev/fd/%d 2>/dev/null",
  78              fileno(pcap));
  79     tcpdump = popen(command, "r");
  80     fclose(pcap);
  81     if (!tcpdump) {
  82         ovs_error(errno, "exec(\"%s\")", command);
  83         return xstrdup("<error>");
  84     }
  85
  86     while ((c = getc(tcpdump)) != EOF) {
  87         ds_put_char(&ds, c);
  88     }
  89
  90     status = pclose(tcpdump);
  91     if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
  92         if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
  93             ovs_error(0, "tcpdump exited with status %d", WEXITSTATUS(status));
  94     } else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
  95         ovs_error(0, "tcpdump exited with signal %d", WTERMSIG(status));
  96     }
  97     return ds_cstr(&ds);
  98 }
  99
 100 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_PACKET_IN packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'stream'
 101  * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
 102 static void
 103 ofp_packet_in(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len, int verbosity)
 104 {
 105     const struct ofp_packet_in *op = oh;
 106     size_t data_len;
 107
 108     ds_put_format(string, " total_len=%"PRIu16" in_port=",
 109                   ntohs(op->total_len));
 110     ofp_print_port_name(string, ntohs(op->in_port));
 111
 112     if (op->reason == OFPR_ACTION)
 113         ds_put_cstr(string, " (via action)");
 114     else if (op->reason != OFPR_NO_MATCH)
 115         ds_put_format(string, " (***reason %"PRIu8"***)", op->reason);
 116
 117     data_len = len - offsetof(struct ofp_packet_in, data);
 118     ds_put_format(string, " data_len=%zu", data_len);
 119     if (htonl(op->buffer_id) == UINT32_MAX) {
 120         ds_put_format(string, " (unbuffered)");
 121         if (ntohs(op->total_len) != data_len)
 122             ds_put_format(string, " (***total_len != data_len***)");
 123     } else {
 124         ds_put_format(string, " buffer=0x%08"PRIx32, ntohl(op->buffer_id));
 125         if (ntohs(op->total_len) < data_len)
 126             ds_put_format(string, " (***total_len < data_len***)");
 127     }
 128     ds_put_char(string, '\n');
 129
 130     if (verbosity > 0) {
 131         flow_t flow;
 132         struct ofpbuf packet;
 133         struct ofp_match match;
 134         packet.data = (void *) op->data;
 135         packet.size = data_len;
 136         flow_extract(&packet, ntohs(op->in_port), &flow);
 137         flow_to_match(&flow, 0, &match);
 138         ofp_print_match(string, &match, verbosity);
 139         ds_put_char(string, '\n');
 140     }
 141     if (verbosity > 1) {
 142         char *packet = ofp_packet_to_string(op->data, data_len,
 143                                             ntohs(op->total_len));
 144         ds_put_cstr(string, packet);
 145         free(packet);
 146     }
 147 }
 148
 149 static void ofp_print_port_name(struct ds *string, uint16_t port)
 150 {
 151     const char *name;
 152     switch (port) {
 153     case OFPP_IN_PORT:
 154         name = "IN_PORT";
 155         break;
 156     case OFPP_TABLE:
 157         name = "TABLE";
 158         break;
 159     case OFPP_NORMAL:
 160         name = "NORMAL";
 161         break;
 162     case OFPP_FLOOD:
 163         name = "FLOOD";
 164         break;
 165     case OFPP_ALL:
 166         name = "ALL";
 167         break;
 168     case OFPP_CONTROLLER:
 169         name = "CONTROLLER";
 170         break;
 171     case OFPP_LOCAL:
 172         name = "LOCAL";
 173         break;
 174     case OFPP_NONE:
 175         name = "NONE";
 176         break;
 177     default:
 178         ds_put_format(string, "%"PRIu16, port);
 179         return;
 180     }
 181     ds_put_cstr(string, name);
 182 }
 183
 184 static void
 185 ofp_print_nx_action(struct ds *string, const struct nx_action_header *nah)
 186 {
 187     switch (ntohs(nah->subtype)) {
 188     case NXAST_RESUBMIT: {
 189         const struct nx_action_resubmit *nar = (struct nx_action_resubmit *)nah;
 190         ds_put_format(string, "resubmit:");
 191         ofp_print_port_name(string, ntohs(nar->in_port));
 192         break;
 193     }
 194
 195     default:
 196         ds_put_format(string, "***unknown Nicira action:%d***\n",
 197                       ntohs(nah->subtype));
 198     }
 199 }
 200
 201 static int
 202 ofp_print_action(struct ds *string, const struct ofp_action_header *ah,
 203         size_t actions_len)
 204 {
 205     uint16_t type;
 206     size_t len;
 207
 208     struct openflow_action {
 209         size_t min_size;
 210         size_t max_size;
 211     };
 212
 213     const struct openflow_action of_actions[] = {
 214         [OFPAT_OUTPUT] = {
 215             sizeof(struct ofp_action_output),
 216             sizeof(struct ofp_action_output),
 217         },
 218         [OFPAT_SET_VLAN_VID] = {
 219             sizeof(struct ofp_action_vlan_vid),
 220             sizeof(struct ofp_action_vlan_vid),
 221         },
 222         [OFPAT_SET_VLAN_PCP] = {
 223             sizeof(struct ofp_action_vlan_pcp),
 224             sizeof(struct ofp_action_vlan_pcp),
 225         },
 226         [OFPAT_STRIP_VLAN] = {
 227             sizeof(struct ofp_action_header),
 228             sizeof(struct ofp_action_header),
 229         },
 230         [OFPAT_SET_DL_SRC] = {
 231             sizeof(struct ofp_action_dl_addr),
 232             sizeof(struct ofp_action_dl_addr),
 233         },
 234         [OFPAT_SET_DL_DST] = {
 235             sizeof(struct ofp_action_dl_addr),
 236             sizeof(struct ofp_action_dl_addr),
 237         },
 238         [OFPAT_SET_NW_SRC] = {
 239             sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_addr),
 240             sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_addr),
 241         },
 242         [OFPAT_SET_NW_DST] = {
 243             sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_addr),
 244             sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_addr),
 245         },
 246         [OFPAT_SET_NW_TOS] = {
 247             sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_tos),
 248             sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_tos),
 249         },
 250         [OFPAT_SET_TP_SRC] = {
 251             sizeof(struct ofp_action_tp_port),
 252             sizeof(struct ofp_action_tp_port),
 253         },
 254         [OFPAT_SET_TP_DST] = {
 255             sizeof(struct ofp_action_tp_port),
 256             sizeof(struct ofp_action_tp_port),
 257         }
 258         /* OFPAT_VENDOR is not here, since it would blow up the array size. */
 259     };
 260
 261     if (actions_len < sizeof *ah) {
 262         ds_put_format(string, "***action array too short for next action***\n");
 263         return -1;
 264     }
 265
 266     type = ntohs(ah->type);
 267     len = ntohs(ah->len);
 268     if (actions_len < len) {
 269         ds_put_format(string, "***truncated action %"PRIu16"***\n", type);
 270         return -1;
 271     }
 272
 273     if ((len % 8) != 0) {
 274         ds_put_format(string,
 275                 "***action %"PRIu16" length not a multiple of 8***\n",
 276                 type);
 277         return -1;
 278     }
 279
 280     if (type < ARRAY_SIZE(of_actions)) {
 281         const struct openflow_action *act = &of_actions[type];
 282         if ((len < act->min_size) || (len > act->max_size)) {
 283             ds_put_format(string,
 284                     "***action %"PRIu16" wrong length: %zu***\n", type, len);
 285             return -1;
 286         }
 287     }
 288
 289     switch (type) {
 290     case OFPAT_OUTPUT: {
 291         struct ofp_action_output *oa = (struct ofp_action_output *)ah;
 292         uint16_t port = ntohs(oa->port);
 293         if (port < OFPP_MAX) {
 294             ds_put_format(string, "output:%"PRIu16, port);
 295         } else {
 296             ofp_print_port_name(string, port);
 297             if (port == OFPP_CONTROLLER) {
 298                 if (oa->max_len) {
 299                     ds_put_format(string, ":%"PRIu16, ntohs(oa->max_len));
 300                 } else {
 301                     ds_put_cstr(string, ":all");
 302                 }
 303             }
 304         }
 305         break;
 306     }
 307
 308     case OFPAT_SET_VLAN_VID: {
 309         struct ofp_action_vlan_vid *va = (struct ofp_action_vlan_vid *)ah;
 310         ds_put_format(string, "mod_vlan_vid:%"PRIu16, ntohs(va->vlan_vid));
 311         break;
 312     }
 313
 314     case OFPAT_SET_VLAN_PCP: {
 315         struct ofp_action_vlan_pcp *va = (struct ofp_action_vlan_pcp *)ah;
 316         ds_put_format(string, "mod_vlan_pcp:%"PRIu8, va->vlan_pcp);
 317         break;
 318     }
 319
 320     case OFPAT_STRIP_VLAN:
 321         ds_put_cstr(string, "strip_vlan");
 322         break;
 323
 324     case OFPAT_SET_DL_SRC: {
 325         struct ofp_action_dl_addr *da = (struct ofp_action_dl_addr *)ah;
 326         ds_put_format(string, "mod_dl_src:"ETH_ADDR_FMT,
 327                 ETH_ADDR_ARGS(da->dl_addr));
 328         break;
 329     }
 330
 331     case OFPAT_SET_DL_DST: {
 332         struct ofp_action_dl_addr *da = (struct ofp_action_dl_addr *)ah;
 333         ds_put_format(string, "mod_dl_dst:"ETH_ADDR_FMT,
 334                 ETH_ADDR_ARGS(da->dl_addr));
 335         break;
 336     }
 337
 338     case OFPAT_SET_NW_SRC: {
 339         struct ofp_action_nw_addr *na = (struct ofp_action_nw_addr *)ah;
 340         ds_put_format(string, "mod_nw_src:"IP_FMT, IP_ARGS(&na->nw_addr));
 341         break;
 342     }
 343
 344     case OFPAT_SET_NW_DST: {
 345         struct ofp_action_nw_addr *na = (struct ofp_action_nw_addr *)ah;
 346         ds_put_format(string, "mod_nw_dst:"IP_FMT, IP_ARGS(&na->nw_addr));
 347         break;
 348     }
 349
 350     case OFPAT_SET_NW_TOS: {
 351         struct ofp_action_nw_tos *nt = (struct ofp_action_nw_tos *)ah;
 352         ds_put_format(string, "mod_nw_tos:%d", nt->nw_tos);
 353         break;
 354     }
 355
 356     case OFPAT_SET_TP_SRC: {
 357         struct ofp_action_tp_port *ta = (struct ofp_action_tp_port *)ah;
 358         ds_put_format(string, "mod_tp_src:%d", ntohs(ta->tp_port));
 359         break;
 360     }
 361
 362     case OFPAT_SET_TP_DST: {
 363         struct ofp_action_tp_port *ta = (struct ofp_action_tp_port *)ah;
 364         ds_put_format(string, "mod_tp_dst:%d", ntohs(ta->tp_port));
 365         break;
 366     }
 367
 368     case OFPAT_VENDOR: {
 369         struct ofp_action_vendor_header *avh
 370                 = (struct ofp_action_vendor_header *)ah;
 371         if (len < sizeof *avh) {
 372             ds_put_format(string, "***ofpat_vendor truncated***\n");
 373             return -1;
 374         }
 375         if (avh->vendor == htonl(NX_VENDOR_ID)) {
 376             ofp_print_nx_action(string, (struct nx_action_header *)avh);
 377         } else {
 378             ds_put_format(string, "vendor action:0x%x", ntohl(avh->vendor));
 379         }
 380         break;
 381     }
 382
 383     default:
 384         ds_put_format(string, "(decoder %"PRIu16" not implemented)", type);
 385         break;
 386     }
 387
 388     return len;
 389 }
 390
 391 void
 392 ofp_print_actions(struct ds *string, const struct ofp_action_header *action,
 393                   size_t actions_len)
 394 {
 395     uint8_t *p = (uint8_t *)action;
 396     int len = 0;
 397
 398     ds_put_cstr(string, "actions=");
 399     if (!actions_len) {
 400         ds_put_cstr(string, "drop");
 401     }
 402     while (actions_len > 0) {
 403         if (len) {
 404             ds_put_cstr(string, ",");
 405         }
 406         len = ofp_print_action(string, (struct ofp_action_header *)p,
 407                 actions_len);
 408         if (len < 0) {
 409             return;
 410         }
 411         p += len;
 412         actions_len -= len;
 413     }
 414 }
 415
 416 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_PACKET_OUT packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
 417  * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
 418 static void ofp_packet_out(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len,
 419                            int verbosity)
 420 {
 421     const struct ofp_packet_out *opo = oh;
 422     size_t actions_len = ntohs(opo->actions_len);
 423
 424     ds_put_cstr(string, " in_port=");
 425     ofp_print_port_name(string, ntohs(opo->in_port));
 426
 427     ds_put_format(string, " actions_len=%zu ", actions_len);
 428     if (actions_len > (ntohs(opo->header.length) - sizeof *opo)) {
 429         ds_put_format(string, "***packet too short for action length***\n");
 430         return;
 431     }
 432     ofp_print_actions(string, opo->actions, actions_len);
 433
 434     if (ntohl(opo->buffer_id) == UINT32_MAX) {
 435         int data_len = len - sizeof *opo - actions_len;
 436         ds_put_format(string, " data_len=%d", data_len);
 437         if (verbosity > 0 && len > sizeof *opo) {
 438             char *packet = ofp_packet_to_string(
 439                     (uint8_t *)opo->actions + actions_len, data_len, data_len);
 440             ds_put_char(string, '\n');
 441             ds_put_cstr(string, packet);
 442             free(packet);
 443         }
 444     } else {
 445         ds_put_format(string, " buffer=0x%08"PRIx32, ntohl(opo->buffer_id));
 446     }
 447     ds_put_char(string, '\n');
 448 }
 449
 450 /* qsort comparison function. */
 451 static int
 452 compare_ports(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 453 {
 454     const struct ofp_phy_port *a = a_;
 455     const struct ofp_phy_port *b = b_;
 456     uint16_t ap = ntohs(a->port_no);
 457     uint16_t bp = ntohs(b->port_no);
 458
 459     return ap < bp ? -1 : ap > bp;
 460 }
 461
 462 static void ofp_print_port_features(struct ds *string, uint32_t features)
 463 {
 464     if (features == 0) {
 465         ds_put_cstr(string, "Unsupported\n");
 466         return;
 467     }
 468     if (features & OFPPF_10MB_HD) {
 469         ds_put_cstr(string, "10MB-HD ");
 470     }
 471     if (features & OFPPF_10MB_FD) {
 472         ds_put_cstr(string, "10MB-FD ");
 473     }
 474     if (features & OFPPF_100MB_HD) {
 475         ds_put_cstr(string, "100MB-HD ");
 476     }
 477     if (features & OFPPF_100MB_FD) {
 478         ds_put_cstr(string, "100MB-FD ");
 479     }
 480     if (features & OFPPF_1GB_HD) {
 481         ds_put_cstr(string, "1GB-HD ");
 482     }
 483     if (features & OFPPF_1GB_FD) {
 484         ds_put_cstr(string, "1GB-FD ");
 485     }
 486     if (features & OFPPF_10GB_FD) {
 487         ds_put_cstr(string, "10GB-FD ");
 488     }
 489     if (features & OFPPF_COPPER) {
 490         ds_put_cstr(string, "COPPER ");
 491     }
 492     if (features & OFPPF_FIBER) {
 493         ds_put_cstr(string, "FIBER ");
 494     }
 495     if (features & OFPPF_AUTONEG) {
 496         ds_put_cstr(string, "AUTO_NEG ");
 497     }
 498     if (features & OFPPF_PAUSE) {
 499         ds_put_cstr(string, "AUTO_PAUSE ");
 500     }
 501     if (features & OFPPF_PAUSE_ASYM) {
 502         ds_put_cstr(string, "AUTO_PAUSE_ASYM ");
 503     }
 504     ds_put_char(string, '\n');
 505 }
 506
 507 static void
 508 ofp_print_phy_port(struct ds *string, const struct ofp_phy_port *port)
 509 {
 510     uint8_t name[OFP_MAX_PORT_NAME_LEN];
 511     int j;
 512
 513     memcpy(name, port->name, sizeof name);
 514     for (j = 0; j < sizeof name - 1; j++) {
 515         if (!isprint(name[j])) {
 516             break;
 517         }
 518     }
 519     name[j] = '\0';
 520
 521     ds_put_char(string, ' ');
 522     ofp_print_port_name(string, ntohs(port->port_no));
 523     ds_put_format(string, "(%s): addr:"ETH_ADDR_FMT", config: %#x, state:%#x\n",
 524             name, ETH_ADDR_ARGS(port->hw_addr), ntohl(port->config),
 525             ntohl(port->state));
 526     if (port->curr) {
 527         ds_put_format(string, "     current:    ");
 528         ofp_print_port_features(string, ntohl(port->curr));
 529     }
 530     if (port->advertised) {
 531         ds_put_format(string, "     advertised: ");
 532         ofp_print_port_features(string, ntohl(port->advertised));
 533     }
 534     if (port->supported) {
 535         ds_put_format(string, "     supported:  ");
 536         ofp_print_port_features(string, ntohl(port->supported));
 537     }
 538     if (port->peer) {
 539         ds_put_format(string, "     peer:       ");
 540         ofp_print_port_features(string, ntohl(port->peer));
 541     }
 542 }
 543
 544 /* Pretty-print the struct ofp_switch_features of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to
 545  * 'string' at the given 'verbosity' level. */
 546 static void
 547 ofp_print_switch_features(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len,
 548                           int verbosity OVS_UNUSED)
 549 {
 550     const struct ofp_switch_features *osf = oh;
 551     struct ofp_phy_port *port_list;
 552     int n_ports;
 553     int i;
 554
 555     ds_put_format(string, " ver:0x%x, dpid:%"PRIx64"\n",
 556             osf->header.version, ntohll(osf->datapath_id));
 557     ds_put_format(string, "n_tables:%d, n_buffers:%d\n", osf->n_tables,
 558             ntohl(osf->n_buffers));
 559     ds_put_format(string, "features: capabilities:%#x, actions:%#x\n",
 560            ntohl(osf->capabilities), ntohl(osf->actions));
 561
 562     if (ntohs(osf->header.length) >= sizeof *osf) {
 563         len = MIN(len, ntohs(osf->header.length));
 564     }
 565     n_ports = (len - sizeof *osf) / sizeof *osf->ports;
 566
 567     port_list = xmemdup(osf->ports, len - sizeof *osf);
 568     qsort(port_list, n_ports, sizeof *port_list, compare_ports);
 569     for (i = 0; i < n_ports; i++) {
 570         ofp_print_phy_port(string, &port_list[i]);
 571     }
 572     free(port_list);
 573 }
 574
 575 /* Pretty-print the struct ofp_switch_config of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
 576  * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
 577 static void
 578 ofp_print_switch_config(struct ds *string, const void *oh,
 579                         size_t len OVS_UNUSED, int verbosity OVS_UNUSED)
 580 {
 581     const struct ofp_switch_config *osc = oh;
 582     uint16_t flags;
 583
 584     flags = ntohs(osc->flags);
 585     if (flags & OFPC_SEND_FLOW_EXP) {
 586         flags &= ~OFPC_SEND_FLOW_EXP;
 587         ds_put_format(string, " (sending flow expirations)");
 588     }
 589     if (flags) {
 590         ds_put_format(string, " ***unknown flags 0x%04"PRIx16"***", flags);
 591     }
 592
 593     ds_put_format(string, " miss_send_len=%"PRIu16"\n", ntohs(osc->miss_send_len));
 594 }
 595
 596 static void print_wild(struct ds *string, const char *leader, int is_wild,
 597             int verbosity, const char *format, ...)
 598             __attribute__((format(printf, 5, 6)));
 599
 600 static void print_wild(struct ds *string, const char *leader, int is_wild,
 601                        int verbosity, const char *format, ...)
 602 {
 603     if (is_wild && verbosity < 2) {
 604         return;
 605     }
 606     ds_put_cstr(string, leader);
 607     if (!is_wild) {
 608         va_list args;
 609
 610         va_start(args, format);
 611         ds_put_format_valist(string, format, args);
 612         va_end(args);
 613     } else {
 614         ds_put_char(string, '*');
 615     }
 616     ds_put_char(string, ',');
 617 }
 618
 619 static void
 620 print_ip_netmask(struct ds *string, const char *leader, uint32_t ip,
 621                  uint32_t wild_bits, int verbosity)
 622 {
 623     if (wild_bits >= 32 && verbosity < 2) {
 624         return;
 625     }
 626     ds_put_cstr(string, leader);
 627     if (wild_bits < 32) {
 628         ds_put_format(string, IP_FMT, IP_ARGS(&ip));
 629         if (wild_bits) {
 630             ds_put_format(string, "/%d", 32 - wild_bits);
 631         }
 632     } else {
 633         ds_put_char(string, '*');
 634     }
 635     ds_put_char(string, ',');
 636 }
 637
 638 void
 639 ofp_print_match(struct ds *f, const struct ofp_match *om, int verbosity)
 640 {
 641     char *s = ofp_match_to_string(om, verbosity);
 642     ds_put_cstr(f, s);
 643     free(s);
 644 }
 645
 646 char *
 647 ofp_match_to_string(const struct ofp_match *om, int verbosity)
 648 {
 649     struct ds f = DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER;
 650     uint32_t w = ntohl(om->wildcards);
 651     bool skip_type = false;
 652     bool skip_proto = false;
 653
 654     if (!(w & OFPFW_DL_TYPE)) {
 655         skip_type = true;
 656         if (om->dl_type == htons(ETH_TYPE_IP)) {
 657             if (!(w & OFPFW_NW_PROTO)) {
 658                 skip_proto = true;
 659                 if (om->nw_proto == IP_TYPE_ICMP) {
 660                     ds_put_cstr(&f, "icmp,");
 661                 } else if (om->nw_proto == IP_TYPE_TCP) {
 662                     ds_put_cstr(&f, "tcp,");
 663                 } else if (om->nw_proto == IP_TYPE_UDP) {
 664                     ds_put_cstr(&f, "udp,");
 665                 } else {
 666                     ds_put_cstr(&f, "ip,");
 667                     skip_proto = false;
 668                 }
 669             } else {
 670                 ds_put_cstr(&f, "ip,");
 671             }
 672         } else if (om->dl_type == htons(ETH_TYPE_ARP)) {
 673             ds_put_cstr(&f, "arp,");
 674         } else {
 675             skip_type = false;
 676         }
 677     }
 678     print_wild(&f, "in_port=", w & OFPFW_IN_PORT, verbosity,
 679                "%d", ntohs(om->in_port));
 680     print_wild(&f, "dl_vlan=", w & OFPFW_DL_VLAN, verbosity,
 681                "0x%04x", ntohs(om->dl_vlan));
 682     print_wild(&f, "dl_vlan_pcp=", w & OFPFW_DL_VLAN_PCP, verbosity,
 683                "%d", om->dl_vlan_pcp);
 684     print_wild(&f, "dl_src=", w & OFPFW_DL_SRC, verbosity,
 685                ETH_ADDR_FMT, ETH_ADDR_ARGS(om->dl_src));
 686     print_wild(&f, "dl_dst=", w & OFPFW_DL_DST, verbosity,
 687                ETH_ADDR_FMT, ETH_ADDR_ARGS(om->dl_dst));
 688     if (!skip_type) {
 689         print_wild(&f, "dl_type=", w & OFPFW_DL_TYPE, verbosity,
 690                    "0x%04x", ntohs(om->dl_type));
 691     }
 692     print_ip_netmask(&f, "nw_src=", om->nw_src,
 693                      (w & OFPFW_NW_SRC_MASK) >> OFPFW_NW_SRC_SHIFT, verbosity);
 694     print_ip_netmask(&f, "nw_dst=", om->nw_dst,
 695                      (w & OFPFW_NW_DST_MASK) >> OFPFW_NW_DST_SHIFT, verbosity);
 696     if (!skip_proto) {
 697         print_wild(&f, "nw_proto=", w & OFPFW_NW_PROTO, verbosity,
 698                    "%u", om->nw_proto);
 699     }
 700     if (om->nw_proto == IP_TYPE_ICMP) {
 701         print_wild(&f, "icmp_type=", w & OFPFW_ICMP_TYPE, verbosity,
 702                    "%d", ntohs(om->icmp_type));
 703         print_wild(&f, "icmp_code=", w & OFPFW_ICMP_CODE, verbosity,
 704                    "%d", ntohs(om->icmp_code));
 705     } else {
 706         print_wild(&f, "tp_src=", w & OFPFW_TP_SRC, verbosity,
 707                    "%d", ntohs(om->tp_src));
 708         print_wild(&f, "tp_dst=", w & OFPFW_TP_DST, verbosity,
 709                    "%d", ntohs(om->tp_dst));
 710     }
 711     return ds_cstr(&f);
 712 }
 713
 714 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_FLOW_MOD packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
 715  * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
 716 static void
 717 ofp_print_flow_mod(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len,
 718                    int verbosity)
 719 {
 720     const struct ofp_flow_mod *ofm = oh;
 721
 722     ofp_print_match(string, &ofm->match, verbosity);
 723     switch (ntohs(ofm->command)) {
 724     case OFPFC_ADD:
 725         ds_put_cstr(string, " ADD: ");
 726         break;
 727     case OFPFC_MODIFY:
 728         ds_put_cstr(string, " MOD: ");
 729         break;
 730     case OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT:
 731         ds_put_cstr(string, " MOD_STRICT: ");
 732         break;
 733     case OFPFC_DELETE:
 734         ds_put_cstr(string, " DEL: ");
 735         break;
 736     case OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT:
 737         ds_put_cstr(string, " DEL_STRICT: ");
 738         break;
 739     default:
 740         ds_put_format(string, " cmd:%d ", ntohs(ofm->command));
 741     }
 742     ds_put_format(string, "idle:%d hard:%d pri:%d buf:%#x",
 743             ntohs(ofm->idle_timeout), ntohs(ofm->hard_timeout),
 744             ofm->match.wildcards ? ntohs(ofm->priority) : (uint16_t)-1,
 745             ntohl(ofm->buffer_id));
 746     ofp_print_actions(string, ofm->actions,
 747                       len - offsetof(struct ofp_flow_mod, actions));
 748     ds_put_char(string, '\n');
 749 }
 750
 751 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_FLOW_EXPIRED packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
 752  * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
 753 static void
 754 ofp_print_flow_expired(struct ds *string, const void *oh,
 755                        size_t len OVS_UNUSED, int verbosity)
 756 {
 757     const struct ofp_flow_expired *ofe = oh;
 758
 759     ofp_print_match(string, &ofe->match, verbosity);
 760     ds_put_cstr(string, " reason=");
 761     switch (ofe->reason) {
 762     case OFPER_IDLE_TIMEOUT:
 763         ds_put_cstr(string, "idle");
 764         break;
 765     case OFPER_HARD_TIMEOUT:
 766         ds_put_cstr(string, "hard");
 767         break;
 768     default:
 769         ds_put_format(string, "**%"PRIu8"**", ofe->reason);
 770         break;
 771     }
 772     ds_put_format(string,
 773          " pri%"PRIu16" secs%"PRIu32" pkts%"PRIu64" bytes%"PRIu64"\n",
 774          ofe->match.wildcards ? ntohs(ofe->priority) : (uint16_t)-1,
 775          ntohl(ofe->duration), ntohll(ofe->packet_count),
 776          ntohll(ofe->byte_count));
 777 }
 778
 779 static void
 780 ofp_print_port_mod(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len OVS_UNUSED,
 781                    int verbosity OVS_UNUSED)
 782 {
 783     const struct ofp_port_mod *opm = oh;
 784
 785     ds_put_format(string, "port: %d: addr:"ETH_ADDR_FMT", config: %#x, mask:%#x\n",
 786             ntohs(opm->port_no), ETH_ADDR_ARGS(opm->hw_addr),
 787             ntohl(opm->config), ntohl(opm->mask));
 788     ds_put_format(string, "     advertise: ");
 789     if (opm->advertise) {
 790         ofp_print_port_features(string, ntohl(opm->advertise));
 791     } else {
 792         ds_put_format(string, "UNCHANGED\n");
 793     }
 794 }
 795
 796 struct error_type {
 797     int type;
 798     int code;
 799     const char *name;
 800 };
 801
 802 static const struct error_type error_types[] = {
 803 #define ERROR_TYPE(TYPE) {TYPE, -1, #TYPE}
 804 #define ERROR_CODE(TYPE, CODE) {TYPE, CODE, #CODE}
 805     ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_HELLO_FAILED),
 806     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_HELLO_FAILED, OFPHFC_INCOMPATIBLE),
 807     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_HELLO_FAILED, OFPHFC_EPERM),
 808
 809     ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST),
 810     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST, OFPBRC_BAD_VERSION),
 811     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST, OFPBRC_BAD_TYPE),
 812     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST, OFPBRC_BAD_STAT),
 813     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST, OFPBRC_BAD_VENDOR),
 814     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST, OFPBRC_BAD_SUBTYPE),
 815     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST, OFPBRC_EPERM),
 816     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST, OFPBRC_BAD_LEN),
 817     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST, OFPBRC_BUFFER_EMPTY),
 818     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST, OFPBRC_BUFFER_UNKNOWN),
 819
 820     ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION),
 821     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION, OFPBAC_BAD_TYPE),
 822     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION, OFPBAC_BAD_LEN),
 823     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION, OFPBAC_BAD_VENDOR),
 824     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION, OFPBAC_BAD_VENDOR_TYPE),
 825     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION, OFPBAC_BAD_OUT_PORT),
 826     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION, OFPBAC_BAD_ARGUMENT),
 827     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION, OFPBAC_EPERM),
 828     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION, OFPBAC_TOO_MANY),
 829
 830     ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED),
 831     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED, OFPFMFC_ALL_TABLES_FULL),
 832     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED, OFPFMFC_OVERLAP),
 833     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED, OFPFMFC_EPERM),
 834     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED, OFPFMFC_BAD_EMERG_TIMEOUT),
 835     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED, OFPFMFC_BAD_COMMAND),
 836
 837     ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_PORT_MOD_FAILED),
 838     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_PORT_MOD_FAILED, OFPPMFC_BAD_PORT),
 839     ERROR_CODE(OFPET_PORT_MOD_FAILED, OFPPMFC_BAD_HW_ADDR)
 840 };
 841 #define N_ERROR_TYPES ARRAY_SIZE(error_types)
 842
 843 static const char *
 844 lookup_error_type(int type)
 845 {
 846     const struct error_type *t;
 847
 848     for (t = error_types; t < &error_types[N_ERROR_TYPES]; t++) {
 849         if (t->type == type && t->code == -1) {
 850             return t->name;
 851         }
 852     }
 853     return "?";
 854 }
 855
 856 static const char *
 857 lookup_error_code(int type, int code)
 858 {
 859     const struct error_type *t;
 860
 861     for (t = error_types; t < &error_types[N_ERROR_TYPES]; t++) {
 862         if (t->type == type && t->code == code) {
 863             return t->name;
 864         }
 865     }
 866     return "?";
 867 }
 868
 869 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_ERROR packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
 870  * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
 871 static void
 872 ofp_print_error_msg(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len,
 873                        int verbosity OVS_UNUSED)
 874 {
 875     const struct ofp_error_msg *oem = oh;
 876     int type = ntohs(oem->type);
 877     int code = ntohs(oem->code);
 878     char *s;
 879
 880     ds_put_format(string, " type%d(%s) code%d(%s) payload:\n",
 881                   type, lookup_error_type(type),
 882                   code, lookup_error_code(type, code));
 883
 884     switch (type) {
 885     case OFPET_HELLO_FAILED:
 886         ds_put_printable(string, (char *) oem->data, len - sizeof *oem);
 887         break;
 888
 889     case OFPET_BAD_REQUEST:
 890         s = ofp_to_string(oem->data, len - sizeof *oem, 1);
 891         ds_put_cstr(string, s);
 892         free(s);
 893         break;
 894
 895     default:
 896         ds_put_hex_dump(string, oem->data, len - sizeof *oem, 0, true);
 897         break;
 898     }
 899 }
 900
 901 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_PORT_STATUS packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
 902  * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
 903 static void
 904 ofp_print_port_status(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len OVS_UNUSED,
 905                       int verbosity OVS_UNUSED)
 906 {
 907     const struct ofp_port_status *ops = oh;
 908
 909     if (ops->reason == OFPPR_ADD) {
 910         ds_put_format(string, " ADD:");
 911     } else if (ops->reason == OFPPR_DELETE) {
 912         ds_put_format(string, " DEL:");
 913     } else if (ops->reason == OFPPR_MODIFY) {
 914         ds_put_format(string, " MOD:");
 915     }
 916
 917     ofp_print_phy_port(string, &ops->desc);
 918 }
 919
 920 static void
 921 ofp_desc_stats_reply(struct ds *string, const void *body,
 922                      size_t len OVS_UNUSED, int verbosity OVS_UNUSED)
 923 {
 924     const struct ofp_desc_stats *ods = body;
 925
 926     ds_put_format(string, "Manufacturer: %s\n", ods->mfr_desc);
 927     ds_put_format(string, "Hardware: %s\n", ods->hw_desc);
 928     ds_put_format(string, "Software: %s\n", ods->sw_desc);
 929     ds_put_format(string, "Serial Num: %s\n", ods->serial_num);
 930 }
 931
 932 static void
 933 ofp_flow_stats_request(struct ds *string, const void *oh,
 934                        size_t len OVS_UNUSED, int verbosity)
 935 {
 936     const struct ofp_flow_stats_request *fsr = oh;
 937
 938     if (fsr->table_id == 0xff) {
 939         ds_put_format(string, " table_id=any, ");
 940     } else {
 941         ds_put_format(string, " table_id=%"PRIu8", ", fsr->table_id);
 942     }
 943
 944     ofp_print_match(string, &fsr->match, verbosity);
 945 }
 946
 947 static void
 948 ofp_flow_stats_reply(struct ds *string, const void *body_, size_t len,
 949                      int verbosity)
 950 {
 951     const char *body = body_;
 952     const char *pos = body;
 953     for (;;) {
 954         const struct ofp_flow_stats *fs;
 955         ptrdiff_t bytes_left = body + len - pos;
 956         size_t length;
 957
 958         if (bytes_left < sizeof *fs) {
 959             if (bytes_left != 0) {
 960                 ds_put_format(string, " ***%td leftover bytes at end***",
 961                               bytes_left);
 962             }
 963             break;
 964         }
 965
 966         fs = (const void *) pos;
 967         length = ntohs(fs->length);
 968         if (length < sizeof *fs) {
 969             ds_put_format(string, " ***length=%zu shorter than minimum %zu***",
 970                           length, sizeof *fs);
 971             break;
 972         } else if (length > bytes_left) {
 973             ds_put_format(string,
 974                           " ***length=%zu but only %td bytes left***",
 975                           length, bytes_left);
 976             break;
 977         } else if ((length - sizeof *fs) % sizeof fs->actions[0]) {
 978             ds_put_format(string,
 979                           " ***length=%zu has %zu bytes leftover in "
 980                           "final action***",
 981                           length,
 982                           (length - sizeof *fs) % sizeof fs->actions[0]);
 983             break;
 984         }
 985
 986         ds_put_format(string, "  duration=%"PRIu32"s, ", ntohl(fs->duration));
 987         ds_put_format(string, "table_id=%"PRIu8", ", fs->table_id);
 988         ds_put_format(string, "priority=%"PRIu16", ",
 989                     fs->match.wildcards ? ntohs(fs->priority) : (uint16_t)-1);
 990         ds_put_format(string, "n_packets=%"PRIu64", ",
 991                     ntohll(fs->packet_count));
 992         ds_put_format(string, "n_bytes=%"PRIu64", ", ntohll(fs->byte_count));
 993         if (fs->idle_timeout != htons(OFP_FLOW_PERMANENT)) {
 994             ds_put_format(string, "idle_timeout=%"PRIu16",",
 995                           ntohs(fs->idle_timeout));
 996         }
 997         if (fs->hard_timeout != htons(OFP_FLOW_PERMANENT)) {
 998             ds_put_format(string, "hard_timeout=%"PRIu16",",
 999                           ntohs(fs->hard_timeout));
1000         }
1001         ofp_print_match(string, &fs->match, verbosity);
1002         ofp_print_actions(string, fs->actions, length - sizeof *fs);
1003         ds_put_char(string, '\n');
1004
1005         pos += length;
1006      }
1007 }
1008
1009 static void
1010 ofp_aggregate_stats_request(struct ds *string, const void *oh,
1011                             size_t len OVS_UNUSED, int verbosity)
1012 {
1013     const struct ofp_aggregate_stats_request *asr = oh;
1014
1015     if (asr->table_id == 0xff) {
1016         ds_put_format(string, " table_id=any, ");
1017     } else {
1018         ds_put_format(string, " table_id=%"PRIu8", ", asr->table_id);
1019     }
1020
1021     ofp_print_match(string, &asr->match, verbosity);
1022 }
1023
1024 static void
1025 ofp_aggregate_stats_reply(struct ds *string, const void *body_,
1026                           size_t len OVS_UNUSED, int verbosity OVS_UNUSED)
1027 {
1028     const struct ofp_aggregate_stats_reply *asr = body_;
1029
1030     ds_put_format(string, " packet_count=%"PRIu64, ntohll(asr->packet_count));
1031     ds_put_format(string, " byte_count=%"PRIu64, ntohll(asr->byte_count));
1032     ds_put_format(string, " flow_count=%"PRIu32, ntohl(asr->flow_count));
1033 }
1034
1035 static void print_port_stat(struct ds *string, const char *leader,
1036                             uint64_t stat, int more)
1037 {
1038     ds_put_cstr(string, leader);
1039     if (stat != -1) {
1040         ds_put_format(string, "%"PRIu64, stat);
1041     } else {
1042         ds_put_char(string, '?');
1043     }
1044     if (more) {
1045         ds_put_cstr(string, ", ");
1046     } else {
1047         ds_put_cstr(string, "\n");
1048     }
1049 }
1050
1051 static void
1052 ofp_port_stats_reply(struct ds *string, const void *body, size_t len,
1053                      int verbosity)
1054 {
1055     const struct ofp_port_stats *ps = body;
1056     size_t n = len / sizeof *ps;
1057     ds_put_format(string, " %zu ports\n", n);
1058     if (verbosity < 1) {
1059         return;
1060     }
1061
1062     for (; n--; ps++) {
1063         ds_put_format(string, "  port %2"PRIu16": ", ntohs(ps->port_no));
1064
1065         ds_put_cstr(string, "rx ");
1066         print_port_stat(string, "pkts=", ntohll(ps->rx_packets), 1);
1067         print_port_stat(string, "bytes=", ntohll(ps->rx_bytes), 1);
1068         print_port_stat(string, "drop=", ntohll(ps->rx_dropped), 1);
1069         print_port_stat(string, "errs=", ntohll(ps->rx_errors), 1);
1070         print_port_stat(string, "frame=", ntohll(ps->rx_frame_err), 1);
1071         print_port_stat(string, "over=", ntohll(ps->rx_over_err), 1);
1072         print_port_stat(string, "crc=", ntohll(ps->rx_crc_err), 0);
1073
1074         ds_put_cstr(string, "           tx ");
1075         print_port_stat(string, "pkts=", ntohll(ps->tx_packets), 1);
1076         print_port_stat(string, "bytes=", ntohll(ps->tx_bytes), 1);
1077         print_port_stat(string, "drop=", ntohll(ps->tx_dropped), 1);
1078         print_port_stat(string, "errs=", ntohll(ps->tx_errors), 1);
1079         print_port_stat(string, "coll=", ntohll(ps->collisions), 0);
1080     }
1081 }
1082
1083 static void
1084 ofp_table_stats_reply(struct ds *string, const void *body, size_t len,
1085                      int verbosity)
1086 {
1087     const struct ofp_table_stats *ts = body;
1088     size_t n = len / sizeof *ts;
1089     ds_put_format(string, " %zu tables\n", n);
1090     if (verbosity < 1) {
1091         return;
1092     }
1093
1094     for (; n--; ts++) {
1095         char name[OFP_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN + 1];
1096         strncpy(name, ts->name, sizeof name);
1097         name[OFP_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN] = '\0';
1098
1099         ds_put_format(string, "  %d: %-8s: ", ts->table_id, name);
1100         ds_put_format(string, "wild=0x%05"PRIx32", ", ntohl(ts->wildcards));
1101         ds_put_format(string, "max=%6"PRIu32", ", ntohl(ts->max_entries));
1102         ds_put_format(string, "active=%"PRIu32"\n", ntohl(ts->active_count));
1103         ds_put_cstr(string, "               ");
1104         ds_put_format(string, "lookup=%"PRIu64", ",
1105                     ntohll(ts->lookup_count));
1106         ds_put_format(string, "matched=%"PRIu64"\n",
1107                     ntohll(ts->matched_count));
1108      }
1109 }
1110
1111 static void
1112 vendor_stat(struct ds *string, const void *body, size_t len,
1113             int verbosity OVS_UNUSED)
1114 {
1115     ds_put_format(string, " vendor=%08"PRIx32, ntohl(*(uint32_t *) body));
1116     ds_put_format(string, " %zu bytes additional data",
1117                   len - sizeof(uint32_t));
1118 }
1119
1120 enum stats_direction {
1121     REQUEST,
1122     REPLY
1123 };
1124
1125 static void
1126 print_stats(struct ds *string, int type, const void *body, size_t body_len,
1127             int verbosity, enum stats_direction direction)
1128 {
1129     struct stats_msg {
1130         size_t min_body, max_body;
1131         void (*printer)(struct ds *, const void *, size_t len, int verbosity);
1132     };
1133
1134     struct stats_type {
1135         int type;
1136         const char *name;
1137         struct stats_msg request;
1138         struct stats_msg reply;
1139     };
1140
1141     static const struct stats_type stats_types[] = {
1142         {
1143             OFPST_DESC,
1144             "description",
1145             { 0, 0, NULL },
1146             { 0, SIZE_MAX, ofp_desc_stats_reply },
1147         },
1148         {
1149             OFPST_FLOW,
1150             "flow",
1151             { sizeof(struct ofp_flow_stats_request),
1152               sizeof(struct ofp_flow_stats_request),
1153               ofp_flow_stats_request },
1154             { 0, SIZE_MAX, ofp_flow_stats_reply },
1155         },
1156         {
1157             OFPST_AGGREGATE,
1158             "aggregate",
1159             { sizeof(struct ofp_aggregate_stats_request),
1160               sizeof(struct ofp_aggregate_stats_request),
1161               ofp_aggregate_stats_request },
1162             { sizeof(struct ofp_aggregate_stats_reply),
1163               sizeof(struct ofp_aggregate_stats_reply),
1164               ofp_aggregate_stats_reply },
1165         },
1166         {
1167             OFPST_TABLE,
1168             "table",
1169             { 0, 0, NULL },
1170             { 0, SIZE_MAX, ofp_table_stats_reply },
1171         },
1172         {
1173             OFPST_PORT,
1174             "port",
1175             { 0, 0, NULL, },
1176             { 0, SIZE_MAX, ofp_port_stats_reply },
1177         },
1178         {
1179             OFPST_VENDOR,
1180             "vendor-specific",
1181             { sizeof(uint32_t), SIZE_MAX, vendor_stat },
1182             { sizeof(uint32_t), SIZE_MAX, vendor_stat },
1183         },
1184         {
1185             -1,
1186             "unknown",
1187             { 0, 0, NULL, },
1188             { 0, 0, NULL, },
1189         },
1190     };
1191
1192     const struct stats_type *s;
1193     const struct stats_msg *m;
1194
1195     if (type >= ARRAY_SIZE(stats_types) || !stats_types[type].name) {
1196         ds_put_format(string, " ***unknown type %d***", type);
1197         return;
1198     }
1199     for (s = stats_types; s->type >= 0; s++) {
1200         if (s->type == type) {
1201             break;
1202         }
1203     }
1204     ds_put_format(string, " type=%d(%s)\n", type, s->name);
1205
1206     m = direction == REQUEST ? &s->request : &s->reply;
1207     if (body_len < m->min_body || body_len > m->max_body) {
1208         ds_put_format(string, " ***body_len=%zu not in %zu...%zu***",
1209                       body_len, m->min_body, m->max_body);
1210         return;
1211     }
1212     if (m->printer) {
1213         m->printer(string, body, body_len, verbosity);
1214     }
1215 }
1216
1217 static void
1218 ofp_stats_request(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len, int verbosity)
1219 {
1220     const struct ofp_stats_request *srq = oh;
1221
1222     if (srq->flags) {
1223         ds_put_format(string, " ***unknown flags 0x%04"PRIx16"***",
1224                       ntohs(srq->flags));
1225     }
1226
1227     print_stats(string, ntohs(srq->type), srq->body,
1228                 len - offsetof(struct ofp_stats_request, body),
1229                 verbosity, REQUEST);
1230 }
1231
1232 static void
1233 ofp_stats_reply(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len, int verbosity)
1234 {
1235     const struct ofp_stats_reply *srp = oh;
1236
1237     ds_put_cstr(string, " flags=");
1238     if (!srp->flags) {
1239         ds_put_cstr(string, "none");
1240     } else {
1241         uint16_t flags = ntohs(srp->flags);
1242         if (flags & OFPSF_REPLY_MORE) {
1243             ds_put_cstr(string, "[more]");
1244             flags &= ~OFPSF_REPLY_MORE;
1245         }
1246         if (flags) {
1247             ds_put_format(string, "[***unknown flags 0x%04"PRIx16"***]", flags);
1248         }
1249     }
1250
1251     print_stats(string, ntohs(srp->type), srp->body,
1252                 len - offsetof(struct ofp_stats_reply, body),
1253                 verbosity, REPLY);
1254 }
1255
1256 static void
1257 ofp_echo(struct ds *string, const void *oh, size_t len, int verbosity)
1258 {
1259     const struct ofp_header *hdr = oh;
1260
1261     ds_put_format(string, " %zu bytes of payload\n", len - sizeof *hdr);
1262     if (verbosity > 1) {
1263         ds_put_hex_dump(string, hdr, len - sizeof *hdr, 0, true);
1264     }
1265 }
1266
1267 struct openflow_packet {
1268     uint8_t type;
1269     const char *name;
1270     size_t min_size;
1271     void (*printer)(struct ds *, const void *, size_t len, int verbosity);
1272 };
1273
1274 static const struct openflow_packet packets[] = {
1275     {
1276         OFPT_HELLO,
1277         "hello",
1278         sizeof (struct ofp_header),
1279         NULL,
1280     },
1281     {
1282         OFPT_FEATURES_REQUEST,
1283         "features_request",
1284         sizeof (struct ofp_header),
1285         NULL,
1286     },
1287     {
1288         OFPT_FEATURES_REPLY,
1289         "features_reply",
1290         sizeof (struct ofp_switch_features),
1291         ofp_print_switch_features,
1292     },
1293     {
1294         OFPT_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST,
1295         "get_config_request",
1296         sizeof (struct ofp_header),
1297         NULL,
1298     },
1299     {
1300         OFPT_GET_CONFIG_REPLY,
1301         "get_config_reply",
1302         sizeof (struct ofp_switch_config),
1303         ofp_print_switch_config,
1304     },
1305     {
1306         OFPT_SET_CONFIG,
1307         "set_config",
1308         sizeof (struct ofp_switch_config),
1309         ofp_print_switch_config,
1310     },
1311     {
1312         OFPT_PACKET_IN,
1313         "packet_in",
1314         offsetof(struct ofp_packet_in, data),
1315         ofp_packet_in,
1316     },
1317     {
1318         OFPT_PACKET_OUT,
1319         "packet_out",
1320         sizeof (struct ofp_packet_out),
1321         ofp_packet_out,
1322     },
1323     {
1324         OFPT_FLOW_MOD,
1325         "flow_mod",
1326         sizeof (struct ofp_flow_mod),
1327         ofp_print_flow_mod,
1328     },
1329     {
1330         OFPT_FLOW_EXPIRED,
1331         "flow_expired",
1332         sizeof (struct ofp_flow_expired),
1333         ofp_print_flow_expired,
1334     },
1335     {
1336         OFPT_PORT_MOD,
1337         "port_mod",
1338         sizeof (struct ofp_port_mod),
1339         ofp_print_port_mod,
1340     },
1341     {
1342         OFPT_PORT_STATUS,
1343         "port_status",
1344         sizeof (struct ofp_port_status),
1345         ofp_print_port_status
1346     },
1347     {
1348         OFPT_ERROR,
1349         "error_msg",
1350         sizeof (struct ofp_error_msg),
1351         ofp_print_error_msg,
1352     },
1353     {
1354         OFPT_STATS_REQUEST,
1355         "stats_request",
1356         sizeof (struct ofp_stats_request),
1357         ofp_stats_request,
1358     },
1359     {
1360         OFPT_STATS_REPLY,
1361         "stats_reply",
1362         sizeof (struct ofp_stats_reply),
1363         ofp_stats_reply,
1364     },
1365     {
1366         OFPT_ECHO_REQUEST,
1367         "echo_request",
1368         sizeof (struct ofp_header),
1369         ofp_echo,
1370     },
1371     {
1372         OFPT_ECHO_REPLY,
1373         "echo_reply",
1374         sizeof (struct ofp_header),
1375         ofp_echo,
1376     },
1377     {
1378         OFPT_VENDOR,
1379         "vendor",
1380         sizeof (struct ofp_vendor_header),
1381         NULL,
1382     },
1383 };
1384
1385 /* Composes and returns a string representing the OpenFlow packet of 'len'
1386  * bytes at 'oh' at the given 'verbosity' level.  0 is a minimal amount of
1387  * verbosity and higher numbers increase verbosity.  The caller is responsible
1388  * for freeing the string. */
1389 char *
1390 ofp_to_string(const void *oh_, size_t len, int verbosity)
1391 {
1392     struct ds string = DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER;
1393     const struct ofp_header *oh = oh_;
1394     const struct openflow_packet *pkt;
1395
1396     if (len < sizeof(struct ofp_header)) {
1397         ds_put_cstr(&string, "OpenFlow packet too short:\n");
1398         ds_put_hex_dump(&string, oh, len, 0, true);
1399         return ds_cstr(&string);
1400     } else if (oh->version != OFP_VERSION) {
1401         ds_put_format(&string, "Bad OpenFlow version %"PRIu8":\n", oh->version);
1402         ds_put_hex_dump(&string, oh, len, 0, true);
1403         return ds_cstr(&string);
1404     }
1405
1406     for (pkt = packets; ; pkt++) {
1407         if (pkt >= &packets[ARRAY_SIZE(packets)]) {
1408             ds_put_format(&string, "Unknown OpenFlow packet type %"PRIu8":\n",
1409                           oh->type);
1410             ds_put_hex_dump(&string, oh, len, 0, true);
1411             return ds_cstr(&string);
1412         } else if (oh->type == pkt->type) {
1413             break;
1414         }
1415     }
1416
1417     ds_put_format(&string, "%s (xid=0x%"PRIx32"):", pkt->name, oh->xid);
1418
1419     if (ntohs(oh->length) > len)
1420         ds_put_format(&string, " (***truncated to %zu bytes from %"PRIu16"***)",
1421                 len, ntohs(oh->length));
1422     else if (ntohs(oh->length) < len) {
1423         ds_put_format(&string, " (***only uses %"PRIu16" bytes out of %zu***)\n",
1424                 ntohs(oh->length), len);
1425         len = ntohs(oh->length);
1426     }
1427
1428     if (len < pkt->min_size) {
1429         ds_put_format(&string, " (***length=%zu < min_size=%zu***)\n",
1430                 len, pkt->min_size);
1431     } else if (!pkt->printer) {
1432         if (len > sizeof *oh) {
1433             ds_put_format(&string, " length=%"PRIu16" (decoder not implemented)\n",
1434                           ntohs(oh->length));
1435         }
1436     } else {
1437         pkt->printer(&string, oh, len, verbosity);
1438     }
1439     if (verbosity >= 3) {
1440         ds_put_hex_dump(&string, oh, len, 0, true);
1441     }
1442     if (string.string[string.length - 1] != '\n') {
1443         ds_put_char(&string, '\n');
1444     }
1445     return ds_cstr(&string);
1446 }
1447
1448 /* Returns the name for the specified OpenFlow message type as a string,
1449  * e.g. "OFPT_FEATURES_REPLY".  If no name is known, the string returned is a
1450  * hex number, e.g. "0x55".
1451  *
1452  * The caller must free the returned string when it is no longer needed. */
1453 char *
1454 ofp_message_type_to_string(uint8_t type)
1455 {
1456     struct ds s = DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER;
1457     const struct openflow_packet *pkt;
1458     for (pkt = packets; ; pkt++) {
1459         if (pkt >= &packets[ARRAY_SIZE(packets)]) {
1460             ds_put_format(&s, "0x%02"PRIx8, type);
1461             break;
1462         } else if (type == pkt->type) {
1463             const char *p;
1464
1465             ds_put_cstr(&s, "OFPT_");
1466             for (p = pkt->name; *p; p++) {
1467                 ds_put_char(&s, toupper((unsigned char) *p));
1468             }
1469             break;
1470         }
1471     }
1472     return ds_cstr(&s);
1473 }
1474 \f
1475 static void
1476 print_and_free(FILE *stream, char *string)
1477 {
1478     fputs(string, stream);
1479     free(string);
1480 }
1481
1482 /* Pretty-print the OpenFlow packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'stream' at the
1483  * given 'verbosity' level.  0 is a minimal amount of verbosity and higher
1484  * numbers increase verbosity. */
1485 void
1486 ofp_print(FILE *stream, const void *oh, size_t len, int verbosity)
1487 {
1488     print_and_free(stream, ofp_to_string(oh, len, verbosity));
1489 }
1490
1491 /* Dumps the contents of the Ethernet frame in the 'len' bytes starting at
1492  * 'data' to 'stream' using tcpdump.  'total_len' specifies the full length of
1493  * the Ethernet frame (of which 'len' bytes were captured).
1494  *
1495  * This starts and kills a tcpdump subprocess so it's quite expensive. */
1496 void
1497 ofp_print_packet(FILE *stream, const void *data, size_t len, size_t total_len)
1498 {
1499     print_and_free(stream, ofp_packet_to_string(data, len, total_len));
1500 }