X-Git-Url: https://git.proxmox.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=qemu-img.c;h=aa6f81f1eabaed65c06c42f131ac7ad8c6237fe6;hb=2c573106279495795449b0d0373464b597dfe316;hp=75f1610aa021aaf51cdb861cf884d0e41250b919;hpb=ee5306d0923377439776e8a30b9fd2de34b5cbfb;p=mirror_qemu.git

diff --git a/qemu-img.c b/qemu-img.c
index 75f1610aa0..aa6f81f1ea 100644
--- a/qemu-img.c
+++ b/qemu-img.c
@@ -148,8 +148,6 @@ static void QEMU_NORETURN help(void)
            "  'snapshot_param' is param used for internal snapshot, format\n"
            "    is 'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
            "    '[ID_OR_NAME]'\n"
-           "  'snapshot_id_or_name' is deprecated, use 'snapshot_param'\n"
-           "    instead\n"
            "  '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
            "  '-u' allows unsafe backing chains. For rebasing, it is assumed that old and\n"
            "       new backing file match exactly. The image doesn't need a working\n"
@@ -200,7 +198,7 @@ static void QEMU_NORETURN help(void)
            "  'skip=N' skip N bs-sized blocks at the start of input\n";
 
     printf("%s\nSupported formats:", help_msg);
-    bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL);
+    bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL, false);
     printf("\n\n" QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n");
     exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }
@@ -249,6 +247,11 @@ static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
         return 1;
     }
 
+    if (!drv->create_opts) {
+        error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation", fmt);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
     create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, drv->create_opts);
     if (filename) {
         proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true, &local_err);
@@ -257,10 +260,17 @@ static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
             qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
             return 1;
         }
+        if (!proto_drv->create_opts) {
+            error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
+                         proto_drv->format_name);
+            qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
+            return 1;
+        }
         create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, proto_drv->create_opts);
     }
 
-    qemu_opts_print_help(create_opts);
+    printf("Supported options:\n");
+    qemu_opts_print_help(create_opts, false);
     qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
     return 0;
 }
@@ -336,21 +346,6 @@ static int img_add_key_secrets(void *opaque,
     return 0;
 }
 
-static BlockBackend *img_open_new_file(const char *filename,
-                                       QemuOpts *create_opts,
-                                       const char *fmt, int flags,
-                                       bool writethrough, bool quiet,
-                                       bool force_share)
-{
-    QDict *options = NULL;
-
-    options = qdict_new();
-    qemu_opt_foreach(create_opts, img_add_key_secrets, options, &error_abort);
-
-    return img_open_file(filename, options, fmt, flags, writethrough, quiet,
-                         force_share);
-}
-
 
 static BlockBackend *img_open(bool image_opts,
                               const char *filename,
@@ -508,7 +503,7 @@ static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         goto fail;
     }
 
@@ -758,7 +753,7 @@ static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -971,7 +966,7 @@ static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -1035,6 +1030,7 @@ static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 
     job = block_job_get("commit");
+    assert(job);
     run_block_job(job, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         goto unref_backing;
@@ -1096,11 +1092,15 @@ static int64_t find_nonzero(const uint8_t *buf, int64_t n)
  *
  * 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
  * the first one) that are known to be in the same allocated/unallocated state.
+ * The function will try to align the end offset to alignment boundaries so
+ * that the request will at least end aligned and consequtive requests will
+ * also start at an aligned offset.
  */
-static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
+static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
+                                int64_t sector_num, int alignment)
 {
     bool is_zero;
-    int i;
+    int i, tail;
 
     if (n <= 0) {
         *pnum = 0;
@@ -1113,6 +1113,23 @@ static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
             break;
         }
     }
+
+    tail = (sector_num + i) & (alignment - 1);
+    if (tail) {
+        if (is_zero && i <= tail) {
+            /* treat unallocated areas which only consist
+             * of a small tail as allocated. */
+            is_zero = false;
+        }
+        if (!is_zero) {
+            /* align up end offset of allocated areas. */
+            i += alignment - tail;
+            i = MIN(i, n);
+        } else {
+            /* align down end offset of zero areas. */
+            i -= tail;
+        }
+    }
     *pnum = i;
     return !is_zero;
 }
@@ -1123,7 +1140,7 @@ static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
  * breaking up write requests for only small sparse areas.
  */
 static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
-    int min)
+    int min, int64_t sector_num, int alignment)
 {
     int ret;
     int num_checked, num_used;
@@ -1132,7 +1149,7 @@ static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
         min = n;
     }
 
-    ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum);
+    ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum, sector_num, alignment);
     if (!ret) {
         return ret;
     }
@@ -1140,13 +1157,15 @@ static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum,
     num_used = *pnum;
     buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
     n -= *pnum;
+    sector_num += *pnum;
     num_checked = num_used;
 
     while (n > 0) {
-        ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum);
+        ret = is_allocated_sectors(buf, n, pnum, sector_num, alignment);
 
         buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE * *pnum;
         n -= *pnum;
+        sector_num += *pnum;
         num_checked += *pnum;
         if (ret) {
             num_used = num_checked;
@@ -1330,7 +1349,7 @@ static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         ret = 2;
         goto out4;
     }
@@ -1545,10 +1564,13 @@ typedef struct ImgConvertState {
     BlockBackend *target;
     bool has_zero_init;
     bool compressed;
+    bool unallocated_blocks_are_zero;
     bool target_has_backing;
+    int64_t target_backing_sectors; /* negative if unknown */
     bool wr_in_order;
     bool copy_range;
     int min_sparse;
+    int alignment;
     size_t cluster_sectors;
     size_t buf_sectors;
     long num_coroutines;
@@ -1575,12 +1597,23 @@ static int convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
 {
     int64_t src_cur_offset;
     int ret, n, src_cur;
+    bool post_backing_zero = false;
 
     convert_select_part(s, sector_num, &src_cur, &src_cur_offset);
 
     assert(s->total_sectors > sector_num);
     n = MIN(s->total_sectors - sector_num, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS);
 
+    if (s->target_backing_sectors >= 0) {
+        if (sector_num >= s->target_backing_sectors) {
+            post_backing_zero = s->unallocated_blocks_are_zero;
+        } else if (sector_num + n > s->target_backing_sectors) {
+            /* Split requests around target_backing_sectors (because
+             * starting from there, zeros are handled differently) */
+            n = s->target_backing_sectors - sector_num;
+        }
+    }
+
     if (s->sector_next_status <= sector_num) {
         int64_t count = n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
 
@@ -1597,12 +1630,14 @@ static int convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num)
                                           count, &count, NULL, NULL);
         }
         if (ret < 0) {
+            error_report("error while reading block status of sector %" PRId64
+                         ": %s", sector_num, strerror(-ret));
             return ret;
         }
         n = DIV_ROUND_UP(count, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
 
         if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) {
-            s->status = BLK_ZERO;
+            s->status = post_backing_zero ? BLK_BACKING_FILE : BLK_ZERO;
         } else if (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) {
             s->status = BLK_DATA;
         } else {
@@ -1637,7 +1672,6 @@ static int coroutine_fn convert_co_read(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
 {
     int n, ret;
     QEMUIOVector qiov;
-    struct iovec iov;
 
     assert(nb_sectors <= s->buf_sectors);
     while (nb_sectors > 0) {
@@ -1653,9 +1687,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn convert_co_read(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
         bs_sectors = s->src_sectors[src_cur];
 
         n = MIN(nb_sectors, bs_sectors - (sector_num - src_cur_offset));
-        iov.iov_base = buf;
-        iov.iov_len = n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
-        qemu_iovec_init_external(&qiov, &iov, 1);
+        qemu_iovec_init_buf(&qiov, buf, n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
 
         ret = blk_co_preadv(
                 blk, (sector_num - src_cur_offset) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
@@ -1679,7 +1711,6 @@ static int coroutine_fn convert_co_write(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
 {
     int ret;
     QEMUIOVector qiov;
-    struct iovec iov;
 
     while (nb_sectors > 0) {
         int n = nb_sectors;
@@ -1702,13 +1733,12 @@ static int coroutine_fn convert_co_write(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
              * zeroed. */
             if (!s->min_sparse ||
                 (!s->compressed &&
-                 is_allocated_sectors_min(buf, n, &n, s->min_sparse)) ||
+                 is_allocated_sectors_min(buf, n, &n, s->min_sparse,
+                                          sector_num, s->alignment)) ||
                 (s->compressed &&
                  !buffer_is_zero(buf, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)))
             {
-                iov.iov_base = buf;
-                iov.iov_len = n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
-                qemu_iovec_init_external(&qiov, &iov, 1);
+                qemu_iovec_init_buf(&qiov, buf, n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
 
                 ret = blk_co_pwritev(s->target, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                                      n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, &qiov, flags);
@@ -1726,7 +1756,8 @@ static int coroutine_fn convert_co_write(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector_num,
             }
             ret = blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(s->target,
                                        sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
-                                       n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, 0);
+                                       n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
+                                       BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
             if (ret < 0) {
                 return ret;
             }
@@ -1761,7 +1792,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn convert_co_copy_range(ImgConvertState *s, int64_t sector
 
         ret = blk_co_copy_range(blk, offset, s->target,
                                 sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
-                                n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, 0);
+                                n << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, 0, 0);
         if (ret < 0) {
             return ret;
         }
@@ -1904,7 +1935,7 @@ static int convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState *s)
     if (!s->has_zero_init && !s->target_has_backing &&
         bdrv_can_write_zeroes_with_unmap(blk_bs(s->target)))
     {
-        ret = blk_make_zero(s->target, BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
+        ret = blk_make_zero(s->target, BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP | BDRV_REQ_NO_FALLBACK);
         if (ret == 0) {
             s->has_zero_init = true;
         }
@@ -1958,6 +1989,8 @@ static int convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState *s)
     return s->ret;
 }
 
+#define MAX_BUF_SECTORS 32768
+
 static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
 {
     int c, bs_i, flags, src_flags = 0;
@@ -1969,17 +2002,19 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
     BlockDriverState *out_bs;
     QemuOpts *opts = NULL, *sn_opts = NULL;
     QemuOptsList *create_opts = NULL;
+    QDict *open_opts = NULL;
     char *options = NULL;
     Error *local_err = NULL;
     bool writethrough, src_writethrough, quiet = false, image_opts = false,
          skip_create = false, progress = false, tgt_image_opts = false;
     int64_t ret = -EINVAL;
     bool force_share = false;
+    bool explict_min_sparse = false;
 
     ImgConvertState s = (ImgConvertState) {
         /* Need at least 4k of zeros for sparse detection */
         .min_sparse         = 8,
-        .copy_range         = true,
+        .copy_range         = false,
         .buf_sectors        = IO_BUF_SIZE / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
         .wr_in_order        = true,
         .num_coroutines     = 8,
@@ -1994,7 +2029,7 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
             {"target-image-opts", no_argument, 0, OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS},
             {0, 0, 0, 0}
         };
-        c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:O:B:co:s:l:S:pt:T:qnm:WU",
+        c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":hf:O:B:Cco:l:S:pt:T:qnm:WU",
                         long_options, NULL);
         if (c == -1) {
             break;
@@ -2018,9 +2053,11 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
         case 'B':
             out_baseimg = optarg;
             break;
+        case 'C':
+            s.copy_range = true;
+            break;
         case 'c':
             s.compressed = true;
-            s.copy_range = false;
             break;
         case 'o':
             if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg)) {
@@ -2035,9 +2072,6 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
                 g_free(old_options);
             }
             break;
-        case 's':
-            snapshot_name = optarg;
-            break;
         case 'l':
             if (strstart(optarg, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE, NULL)) {
                 sn_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts,
@@ -2056,13 +2090,17 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
             int64_t sval;
 
             sval = cvtnum(optarg);
-            if (sval < 0) {
-                error_report("Invalid minimum zero buffer size for sparse output specified");
+            if (sval < 0 || sval & (BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - 1) ||
+                sval / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE > MAX_BUF_SECTORS) {
+                error_report("Invalid buffer size for sparse output specified. "
+                    "Valid sizes are multiples of %llu up to %llu. Select "
+                    "0 to disable sparse detection (fully allocates output).",
+                    BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, MAX_BUF_SECTORS * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
                 goto fail_getopt;
             }
 
             s.min_sparse = sval / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
-            s.copy_range = false;
+            explict_min_sparse = true;
             break;
         }
         case 'p':
@@ -2118,12 +2156,17 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         goto fail_getopt;
     }
 
-    if (!s.wr_in_order && s.compressed) {
-        error_report("Out of order write and compress are mutually exclusive");
+    if (s.compressed && s.copy_range) {
+        error_report("Cannot enable copy offloading when -c is used");
+        goto fail_getopt;
+    }
+
+    if (explict_min_sparse && s.copy_range) {
+        error_report("Cannot enable copy offloading when -S is used");
         goto fail_getopt;
     }
 
@@ -2304,6 +2347,16 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
         }
     }
 
+    /*
+     * The later open call will need any decryption secrets, and
+     * bdrv_create() will purge "opts", so extract them now before
+     * they are lost.
+     */
+    if (!skip_create) {
+        open_opts = qdict_new();
+        qemu_opt_foreach(opts, img_add_key_secrets, open_opts, &error_abort);
+    }
+
     if (!skip_create) {
         /* Create the new image */
         ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, opts, &local_err);
@@ -2330,8 +2383,9 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
          * That has to wait for bdrv_create to be improved
          * to allow filenames in option syntax
          */
-        s.target = img_open_new_file(out_filename, opts, out_fmt,
-                                     flags, writethrough, quiet, false);
+        s.target = img_open_file(out_filename, open_opts, out_fmt,
+                                 flags, writethrough, quiet, false);
+        open_opts = NULL; /* blk_new_open will have freed it */
     }
     if (!s.target) {
         ret = -1;
@@ -2346,14 +2400,21 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 
     /* increase bufsectors from the default 4096 (2M) if opt_transfer
-     * or discard_alignment of the out_bs is greater. Limit to 32768 (16MB)
-     * as maximum. */
-    s.buf_sectors = MIN(32768,
+     * or discard_alignment of the out_bs is greater. Limit to
+     * MAX_BUF_SECTORS as maximum which is currently 32768 (16MB). */
+    s.buf_sectors = MIN(MAX_BUF_SECTORS,
                         MAX(s.buf_sectors,
                             MAX(out_bs->bl.opt_transfer >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
                                 out_bs->bl.pdiscard_alignment >>
                                 BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)));
 
+    /* try to align the write requests to the destination to avoid unnecessary
+     * RMW cycles. */
+    s.alignment = MAX(pow2floor(s.min_sparse),
+                      DIV_ROUND_UP(out_bs->bl.request_alignment,
+                                   BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE));
+    assert(is_power_of_2(s.alignment));
+
     if (skip_create) {
         int64_t output_sectors = blk_nb_sectors(s.target);
         if (output_sectors < 0) {
@@ -2368,6 +2429,16 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
         }
     }
 
+    if (s.target_has_backing) {
+        /* Errors are treated as "backing length unknown" (which means
+         * s.target_backing_sectors has to be negative, which it will
+         * be automatically).  The backing file length is used only
+         * for optimizations, so such a case is not fatal. */
+        s.target_backing_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(out_bs->backing->bs);
+    } else {
+        s.target_backing_sectors = -1;
+    }
+
     ret = bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi);
     if (ret < 0) {
         if (s.compressed) {
@@ -2377,6 +2448,7 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
     } else {
         s.compressed = s.compressed || bdi.needs_compressed_writes;
         s.cluster_sectors = bdi.cluster_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
+        s.unallocated_blocks_are_zero = bdi.unallocated_blocks_are_zero;
     }
 
     ret = convert_do_copy(&s);
@@ -2388,6 +2460,7 @@ out:
     qemu_opts_del(opts);
     qemu_opts_free(create_opts);
     qemu_opts_del(sn_opts);
+    qobject_unref(open_opts);
     blk_unref(s.target);
     if (s.src) {
         for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < s.src_num; bs_i++) {
@@ -2637,7 +2710,7 @@ static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -2664,14 +2737,14 @@ static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
     return 0;
 }
 
-static void dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format, MapEntry *e,
-                           MapEntry *next)
+static int dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format, MapEntry *e,
+                          MapEntry *next)
 {
     switch (output_format) {
     case OFORMAT_HUMAN:
         if (e->data && !e->has_offset) {
             error_report("File contains external, encrypted or compressed clusters.");
-            exit(1);
+            return -1;
         }
         if (e->data && !e->zero) {
             printf("%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%#-16"PRIx64"%s\n",
@@ -2704,6 +2777,7 @@ static void dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format, MapEntry *e,
         }
         break;
     }
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
@@ -2714,6 +2788,7 @@ static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
     BlockDriverState *file;
     bool has_offset;
     int64_t map;
+    char *filename = NULL;
 
     /* As an optimization, we could cache the current range of unallocated
      * clusters in each file of the chain, and avoid querying the same
@@ -2741,6 +2816,11 @@ static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
 
     has_offset = !!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID);
 
+    if (file && has_offset) {
+        bdrv_refresh_filename(file);
+        filename = file->filename;
+    }
+
     *e = (MapEntry) {
         .start = offset,
         .length = bytes,
@@ -2749,8 +2829,8 @@ static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
         .offset = map,
         .has_offset = has_offset,
         .depth = depth,
-        .has_filename = file && has_offset,
-        .filename = file && has_offset ? file->filename : NULL,
+        .has_filename = filename,
+        .filename = filename,
     };
 
     return 0;
@@ -2856,7 +2936,7 @@ static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -2876,7 +2956,7 @@ static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
         int64_t n;
 
         /* Probe up to 1 GiB at a time.  */
-        n = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(MIN(1 << 30, length - offset), BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
+        n = MIN(1 << 30, length - offset);
         ret = get_block_status(bs, offset, n, &next);
 
         if (ret < 0) {
@@ -2890,12 +2970,15 @@ static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
         }
 
         if (curr.length > 0) {
-            dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, &next);
+            ret = dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, &next);
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                goto out;
+            }
         }
         curr = next;
     }
 
-    dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, NULL);
+    ret = dump_map_entry(output_format, &curr, NULL);
 
 out:
     blk_unref(blk);
@@ -3005,7 +3088,7 @@ static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -3047,11 +3130,18 @@ static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
         break;
 
     case SNAPSHOT_DELETE:
-        bdrv_snapshot_delete_by_id_or_name(bs, snapshot_name, &err);
-        if (err) {
-            error_reportf_err(err, "Could not delete snapshot '%s': ",
-                              snapshot_name);
+        ret = bdrv_snapshot_find(bs, &sn, snapshot_name);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            error_report("Could not delete snapshot '%s': snapshot not "
+                         "found", snapshot_name);
             ret = 1;
+        } else {
+            ret = bdrv_snapshot_delete(bs, sn.id_str, sn.name, &err);
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                error_reportf_err(err, "Could not delete snapshot '%s': ",
+                                  snapshot_name);
+                ret = 1;
+            }
         }
         break;
     }
@@ -3165,7 +3255,7 @@ static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -3240,6 +3330,9 @@ static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
         }
 
         if (out_baseimg[0]) {
+            const char *overlay_filename;
+            char *out_real_path;
+
             options = qdict_new();
             if (out_basefmt) {
                 qdict_put_str(options, "driver", out_basefmt);
@@ -3248,8 +3341,23 @@ static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
                 qdict_put_bool(options, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, true);
             }
 
-            blk_new_backing = blk_new_open(out_baseimg, NULL,
+            bdrv_refresh_filename(bs);
+            overlay_filename = bs->exact_filename[0] ? bs->exact_filename
+                                                     : bs->filename;
+            out_real_path =
+                bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(overlay_filename,
+                                                             out_baseimg,
+                                                             &local_err);
+            if (local_err) {
+                error_reportf_err(local_err,
+                                  "Could not resolve backing filename: ");
+                ret = -1;
+                goto out;
+            }
+
+            blk_new_backing = blk_new_open(out_real_path, NULL,
                                            options, src_flags, &local_err);
+            g_free(out_real_path);
             if (!blk_new_backing) {
                 error_reportf_err(local_err,
                                   "Could not open new backing file '%s': ",
@@ -3524,7 +3632,7 @@ static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -3657,6 +3765,32 @@ static void amend_status_cb(BlockDriverState *bs,
     qemu_progress_print(100.f * offset / total_work_size, 0);
 }
 
+static int print_amend_option_help(const char *format)
+{
+    BlockDriver *drv;
+
+    /* Find driver and parse its options */
+    drv = bdrv_find_format(format);
+    if (!drv) {
+        error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", format);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    if (!drv->bdrv_amend_options) {
+        error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support option amendment",
+                     format);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    /* Every driver supporting amendment must have create_opts */
+    assert(drv->create_opts);
+
+    printf("Creation options for '%s':\n", format);
+    qemu_opts_print_help(drv->create_opts, false);
+    printf("\nNote that not all of these options may be amendable.\n");
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
 {
     Error *err = NULL;
@@ -3742,7 +3876,7 @@ static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         ret = -1;
         goto out_no_progress;
     }
@@ -3756,7 +3890,7 @@ static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
     if (fmt && has_help_option(options)) {
         /* If a format is explicitly specified (and possibly no filename is
          * given), print option help here */
-        ret = print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
+        ret = print_amend_option_help(fmt);
         goto out;
     }
 
@@ -3785,17 +3919,20 @@ static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (has_help_option(options)) {
         /* If the format was auto-detected, print option help here */
-        ret = print_block_option_help(filename, fmt);
+        ret = print_amend_option_help(fmt);
         goto out;
     }
 
-    if (!bs->drv->create_opts) {
-        error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support any options to amend",
+    if (!bs->drv->bdrv_amend_options) {
+        error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support option amendment",
                      fmt);
         ret = -1;
         goto out;
     }
 
+    /* Every driver supporting amendment must have create_opts */
+    assert(bs->drv->create_opts);
+
     create_opts = qemu_opts_append(create_opts, bs->drv->create_opts);
     opts = qemu_opts_create(create_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
     qemu_opts_do_parse(opts, options, NULL, &err);
@@ -3807,10 +3944,10 @@ static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
 
     /* In case the driver does not call amend_status_cb() */
     qemu_progress_print(0.f, 0);
-    ret = bdrv_amend_options(bs, opts, &amend_status_cb, NULL);
+    ret = bdrv_amend_options(bs, opts, &amend_status_cb, NULL, &err);
     qemu_progress_print(100.f, 0);
     if (ret < 0) {
-        error_report("Error while amending options: %s", strerror(-ret));
+        error_report_err(err);
         goto out;
     }
 
@@ -4383,7 +4520,7 @@ static int img_dd(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         ret = -1;
         goto out;
     }
@@ -4660,7 +4797,7 @@ static int img_measure(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          NULL, NULL)) {
+                          NULL, &error_fatal)) {
         goto out;
     }
 
@@ -4836,7 +4973,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         return 0;
     }
     argv += optind;
-    optind = 0;
+    qemu_reset_optind();
 
     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
         exit(1);