BaseTools/Source/Python/Trim/Trim.py

   1 ## @file
   2 # Trim files preprocessed by compiler
   3 #
   4 # Copyright (c) 2007 - 2018, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.<BR>
   5 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-Patent
   6 #
   7
   8 ##
   9 # Import Modules
  10 #
  11 import Common.LongFilePathOs as os
  12 import sys
  13 import re
  14 from io import BytesIO
  15 import codecs
  16 from optparse import OptionParser
  17 from optparse import make_option
  18 from Common.BuildToolError import *
  19 from Common.Misc import *
  20 from Common.DataType import *
  21 from Common.BuildVersion import gBUILD_VERSION
  22 import Common.EdkLogger as EdkLogger
  23 from Common.LongFilePathSupport import OpenLongFilePath as open
  24
  25 # Version and Copyright
  26 __version_number__ = ("0.10" + " " + gBUILD_VERSION)
  27 __version__ = "%prog Version " + __version_number__
  28 __copyright__ = "Copyright (c) 2007-2018, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved."
  29
  30 ## Regular expression for matching Line Control directive like "#line xxx"
  31 gLineControlDirective = re.compile('^\s*#(?:line)?\s+([0-9]+)\s+"*([^"]*)"')
  32 ## Regular expression for matching "typedef struct"
  33 gTypedefPattern = re.compile("^\s*typedef\s+struct(\s+\w+)?\s*[{]*$", re.MULTILINE)
  34 ## Regular expression for matching "#pragma pack"
  35 gPragmaPattern = re.compile("^\s*#pragma\s+pack", re.MULTILINE)
  36 ## Regular expression for matching "typedef"
  37 gTypedef_SinglePattern = re.compile("^\s*typedef", re.MULTILINE)
  38 ## Regular expression for matching "typedef struct, typedef union, struct, union"
  39 gTypedef_MulPattern = re.compile("^\s*(typedef)?\s+(struct|union)(\s+\w+)?\s*[{]*$", re.MULTILINE)
  40
  41 #
  42 # The following number pattern match will only match if following criteria is met:
  43 # There is leading non-(alphanumeric or _) character, and no following alphanumeric or _
  44 # as the pattern is greedily match, so it is ok for the gDecNumberPattern or gHexNumberPattern to grab the maximum match
  45 #
  46 ## Regular expression for matching HEX number
  47 gHexNumberPattern = re.compile("(?<=[^a-zA-Z0-9_])(0[xX])([0-9a-fA-F]+)(U(?=$|[^a-zA-Z0-9_]))?")
  48 ## Regular expression for matching decimal number with 'U' postfix
  49 gDecNumberPattern = re.compile("(?<=[^a-zA-Z0-9_])([0-9]+)U(?=$|[^a-zA-Z0-9_])")
  50 ## Regular expression for matching constant with 'ULL' 'LL' postfix
  51 gLongNumberPattern = re.compile("(?<=[^a-zA-Z0-9_])(0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+|[0-9]+)U?LL(?=$|[^a-zA-Z0-9_])")
  52
  53 ## Regular expression for matching "Include ()" in asl file
  54 gAslIncludePattern = re.compile("^(\s*)[iI]nclude\s*\(\"?([^\"\(\)]+)\"\)", re.MULTILINE)
  55 ## Regular expression for matching C style #include "XXX.asl" in asl file
  56 gAslCIncludePattern = re.compile(r'^(\s*)#include\s*[<"]\s*([-\\/\w.]+)\s*([>"])', re.MULTILINE)
  57 ## Patterns used to convert EDK conventions to EDK2 ECP conventions
  58
  59 ## file cache to avoid circular include in ASL file
  60 gIncludedAslFile = []
  61
  62 ## Trim preprocessed source code
  63 #
  64 # Remove extra content made by preprocessor. The preprocessor must enable the
  65 # line number generation option when preprocessing.
  66 #
  67 # @param  Source    File to be trimmed
  68 # @param  Target    File to store the trimmed content
  69 # @param  Convert   If True, convert standard HEX format to MASM format
  70 #
  71 def TrimPreprocessedFile(Source, Target, ConvertHex, TrimLong):
  72     CreateDirectory(os.path.dirname(Target))
  73     try:
  74         with open(Source, "r") as File:
  75             Lines = File.readlines()
  76     except IOError:
  77         EdkLogger.error("Trim", FILE_OPEN_FAILURE, ExtraData=Source)
  78     except:
  79         EdkLogger.error("Trim", AUTOGEN_ERROR, "TrimPreprocessedFile: Error while processing file", File=Source)
  80
  81     PreprocessedFile = ""
  82     InjectedFile = ""
  83     LineIndexOfOriginalFile = None
  84     NewLines = []
  85     LineControlDirectiveFound = False
  86     for Index in range(len(Lines)):
  87         Line = Lines[Index]
  88         #
  89         # Find out the name of files injected by preprocessor from the lines
  90         # with Line Control directive
  91         #
  92         MatchList = gLineControlDirective.findall(Line)
  93         if MatchList != []:
  94             MatchList = MatchList[0]
  95             if len(MatchList) == 2:
  96                 LineNumber = int(MatchList[0], 0)
  97                 InjectedFile = MatchList[1]
  98                 InjectedFile = os.path.normpath(InjectedFile)
  99                 InjectedFile = os.path.normcase(InjectedFile)
 100                 # The first injected file must be the preprocessed file itself
 101                 if PreprocessedFile == "":
 102                     PreprocessedFile = InjectedFile
 103             LineControlDirectiveFound = True
 104             continue
 105         elif PreprocessedFile == "" or InjectedFile != PreprocessedFile:
 106             continue
 107
 108         if LineIndexOfOriginalFile is None:
 109             #
 110             # Any non-empty lines must be from original preprocessed file.
 111             # And this must be the first one.
 112             #
 113             LineIndexOfOriginalFile = Index
 114             EdkLogger.verbose("Found original file content starting from line %d"
 115                               % (LineIndexOfOriginalFile + 1))
 116
 117         if TrimLong:
 118             Line = gLongNumberPattern.sub(r"\1", Line)
 119         # convert HEX number format if indicated
 120         if ConvertHex:
 121             Line = gHexNumberPattern.sub(r"0\2h", Line)
 122         else:
 123             Line = gHexNumberPattern.sub(r"\1\2", Line)
 124
 125         # convert Decimal number format
 126         Line = gDecNumberPattern.sub(r"\1", Line)
 127
 128         if LineNumber is not None:
 129             EdkLogger.verbose("Got line directive: line=%d" % LineNumber)
 130             # in case preprocessor removed some lines, like blank or comment lines
 131             if LineNumber <= len(NewLines):
 132                 # possible?
 133                 NewLines[LineNumber - 1] = Line
 134             else:
 135                 if LineNumber > (len(NewLines) + 1):
 136                     for LineIndex in range(len(NewLines), LineNumber-1):
 137                         NewLines.append(TAB_LINE_BREAK)
 138                 NewLines.append(Line)
 139             LineNumber = None
 140             EdkLogger.verbose("Now we have lines: %d" % len(NewLines))
 141         else:
 142             NewLines.append(Line)
 143
 144     # in case there's no line directive or linemarker found
 145     if (not LineControlDirectiveFound) and NewLines == []:
 146         MulPatternFlag = False
 147         SinglePatternFlag = False
 148         Brace = 0
 149         for Index in range(len(Lines)):
 150             Line = Lines[Index]
 151             if MulPatternFlag == False and gTypedef_MulPattern.search(Line) is None:
 152                 if SinglePatternFlag == False and gTypedef_SinglePattern.search(Line) is None:
 153                     # remove "#pragram pack" directive
 154                     if gPragmaPattern.search(Line) is None:
 155                         NewLines.append(Line)
 156                     continue
 157                 elif SinglePatternFlag == False:
 158                     SinglePatternFlag = True
 159                 if Line.find(";") >= 0:
 160                     SinglePatternFlag = False
 161             elif MulPatternFlag == False:
 162                 # found "typedef struct, typedef union, union, struct", keep its position and set a flag
 163                 MulPatternFlag = True
 164
 165             # match { and } to find the end of typedef definition
 166             if Line.find("{") >= 0:
 167                 Brace += 1
 168             elif Line.find("}") >= 0:
 169                 Brace -= 1
 170
 171             # "typedef struct, typedef union, union, struct" must end with a ";"
 172             if Brace == 0 and Line.find(";") >= 0:
 173                 MulPatternFlag = False
 174
 175     # save to file
 176     try:
 177         with open(Target, 'w') as File:
 178             File.writelines(NewLines)
 179     except:
 180         EdkLogger.error("Trim", FILE_OPEN_FAILURE, ExtraData=Target)
 181
 182 ## Trim preprocessed VFR file
 183 #
 184 # Remove extra content made by preprocessor. The preprocessor doesn't need to
 185 # enable line number generation option when preprocessing.
 186 #
 187 # @param  Source    File to be trimmed
 188 # @param  Target    File to store the trimmed content
 189 #
 190 def TrimPreprocessedVfr(Source, Target):
 191     CreateDirectory(os.path.dirname(Target))
 192
 193     try:
 194         with open(Source, "r") as File:
 195             Lines = File.readlines()
 196     except:
 197         EdkLogger.error("Trim", FILE_OPEN_FAILURE, ExtraData=Source)
 198     # read whole file
 199
 200     FoundTypedef = False
 201     Brace = 0
 202     TypedefStart = 0
 203     TypedefEnd = 0
 204     for Index in range(len(Lines)):
 205         Line = Lines[Index]
 206         # don't trim the lines from "formset" definition to the end of file
 207         if Line.strip() == 'formset':
 208             break
 209
 210         if FoundTypedef == False and (Line.find('#line') == 0 or Line.find('# ') == 0):
 211             # empty the line number directive if it's not aomong "typedef struct"
 212             Lines[Index] = "\n"
 213             continue
 214
 215         if FoundTypedef == False and gTypedefPattern.search(Line) is None:
 216             # keep "#pragram pack" directive
 217             if gPragmaPattern.search(Line) is None:
 218                 Lines[Index] = "\n"
 219             continue
 220         elif FoundTypedef == False:
 221             # found "typedef struct", keept its position and set a flag
 222             FoundTypedef = True
 223             TypedefStart = Index
 224
 225         # match { and } to find the end of typedef definition
 226         if Line.find("{") >= 0:
 227             Brace += 1
 228         elif Line.find("}") >= 0:
 229             Brace -= 1
 230
 231         # "typedef struct" must end with a ";"
 232         if Brace == 0 and Line.find(";") >= 0:
 233             FoundTypedef = False
 234             TypedefEnd = Index
 235             # keep all "typedef struct" except to GUID, EFI_PLABEL and PAL_CALL_RETURN
 236             if Line.strip("} ;\r\n") in [TAB_GUID, "EFI_PLABEL", "PAL_CALL_RETURN"]:
 237                 for i in range(TypedefStart, TypedefEnd+1):
 238                     Lines[i] = "\n"
 239
 240     # save all lines trimmed
 241     try:
 242         with open(Target, 'w') as File:
 243             File.writelines(Lines)
 244     except:
 245         EdkLogger.error("Trim", FILE_OPEN_FAILURE, ExtraData=Target)
 246
 247 ## Read the content  ASL file, including ASL included, recursively
 248 #
 249 # @param  Source            File to be read
 250 # @param  Indent            Spaces before the Include() statement
 251 # @param  IncludePathList   The list of external include file
 252 # @param  LocalSearchPath   If LocalSearchPath is specified, this path will be searched
 253 #                           first for the included file; otherwise, only the path specified
 254 #                           in the IncludePathList will be searched.
 255 #
 256 def DoInclude(Source, Indent='', IncludePathList=[], LocalSearchPath=None):
 257     NewFileContent = []
 258
 259     try:
 260         #
 261         # Search LocalSearchPath first if it is specified.
 262         #
 263         if LocalSearchPath:
 264             SearchPathList = [LocalSearchPath] + IncludePathList
 265         else:
 266             SearchPathList = IncludePathList
 267
 268         for IncludePath in SearchPathList:
 269             IncludeFile = os.path.join(IncludePath, Source)
 270             if os.path.isfile(IncludeFile):
 271                 try:
 272                     with open(IncludeFile, "r") as File:
 273                         F = File.readlines()
 274                 except:
 275                     with codecs.open(IncludeFile, "r", encoding='utf-8') as File:
 276                         F = File.readlines()
 277                 break
 278         else:
 279             EdkLogger.error("Trim", "Failed to find include file %s" % Source)
 280     except:
 281         EdkLogger.error("Trim", FILE_OPEN_FAILURE, ExtraData=Source)
 282
 283
 284     # avoid A "include" B and B "include" A
 285     IncludeFile = os.path.abspath(os.path.normpath(IncludeFile))
 286     if IncludeFile in gIncludedAslFile:
 287         EdkLogger.warn("Trim", "Circular include",
 288                        ExtraData= "%s -> %s" % (" -> ".join(gIncludedAslFile), IncludeFile))
 289         return []
 290     gIncludedAslFile.append(IncludeFile)
 291
 292     for Line in F:
 293         LocalSearchPath = None
 294         Result = gAslIncludePattern.findall(Line)
 295         if len(Result) == 0:
 296             Result = gAslCIncludePattern.findall(Line)
 297             if len(Result) == 0 or os.path.splitext(Result[0][1])[1].lower() not in [".asl", ".asi"]:
 298                 NewFileContent.append("%s%s" % (Indent, Line))
 299                 continue
 300             #
 301             # We should first search the local directory if current file are using pattern #include "XXX"
 302             #
 303             if Result[0][2] == '"':
 304                 LocalSearchPath = os.path.dirname(IncludeFile)
 305         CurrentIndent = Indent + Result[0][0]
 306         IncludedFile = Result[0][1]
 307         NewFileContent.extend(DoInclude(IncludedFile, CurrentIndent, IncludePathList, LocalSearchPath))
 308         NewFileContent.append("\n")
 309
 310     gIncludedAslFile.pop()
 311
 312     return NewFileContent
 313
 314
 315 ## Trim ASL file
 316 #
 317 # Replace ASL include statement with the content the included file
 318 #
 319 # @param  Source          File to be trimmed
 320 # @param  Target          File to store the trimmed content
 321 # @param  IncludePathFile The file to log the external include path
 322 #
 323 def TrimAslFile(Source, Target, IncludePathFile):
 324     CreateDirectory(os.path.dirname(Target))
 325
 326     SourceDir = os.path.dirname(Source)
 327     if SourceDir == '':
 328         SourceDir = '.'
 329
 330     #
 331     # Add source directory as the first search directory
 332     #
 333     IncludePathList = [SourceDir]
 334
 335     #
 336     # If additional include path file is specified, append them all
 337     # to the search directory list.
 338     #
 339     if IncludePathFile:
 340         try:
 341             LineNum = 0
 342             with open(IncludePathFile, 'r') as File:
 343                 FileLines = File.readlines()
 344             for Line in FileLines:
 345                 LineNum += 1
 346                 if Line.startswith("/I") or Line.startswith ("-I"):
 347                     IncludePathList.append(Line[2:].strip())
 348                 else:
 349                     EdkLogger.warn("Trim", "Invalid include line in include list file.", IncludePathFile, LineNum)
 350         except:
 351             EdkLogger.error("Trim", FILE_OPEN_FAILURE, ExtraData=IncludePathFile)
 352
 353     Lines = DoInclude(Source, '', IncludePathList)
 354
 355     #
 356     # Undef MIN and MAX to avoid collision in ASL source code
 357     #
 358     Lines.insert(0, "#undef MIN\n#undef MAX\n")
 359
 360     # save all lines trimmed
 361     try:
 362         with open(Target, 'w') as File:
 363             File.writelines(Lines)
 364     except:
 365         EdkLogger.error("Trim", FILE_OPEN_FAILURE, ExtraData=Target)
 366
 367 def GenerateVfrBinSec(ModuleName, DebugDir, OutputFile):
 368     VfrNameList = []
 369     if os.path.isdir(DebugDir):
 370         for CurrentDir, Dirs, Files in os.walk(DebugDir):
 371             for FileName in Files:
 372                 Name, Ext = os.path.splitext(FileName)
 373                 if Ext == '.c' and Name != 'AutoGen':
 374                     VfrNameList.append (Name + 'Bin')
 375
 376     VfrNameList.append (ModuleName + 'Strings')
 377
 378     EfiFileName = os.path.join(DebugDir, ModuleName + '.efi')
 379     MapFileName = os.path.join(DebugDir, ModuleName + '.map')
 380     VfrUniOffsetList = GetVariableOffset(MapFileName, EfiFileName, VfrNameList)
 381
 382     if not VfrUniOffsetList:
 383         return
 384
 385     try:
 386         fInputfile = open(OutputFile, "wb+")
 387     except:
 388         EdkLogger.error("Trim", FILE_OPEN_FAILURE, "File open failed for %s" %OutputFile, None)
 389
 390     # Use a instance of BytesIO to cache data
 391     fStringIO = BytesIO()
 392
 393     for Item in VfrUniOffsetList:
 394         if (Item[0].find("Strings") != -1):
 395             #
 396             # UNI offset in image.
 397             # GUID + Offset
 398             # { 0x8913c5e0, 0x33f6, 0x4d86, { 0x9b, 0xf1, 0x43, 0xef, 0x89, 0xfc, 0x6, 0x66 } }
 399             #
 400             UniGuid = b'\xe0\xc5\x13\x89\xf63\x86M\x9b\xf1C\xef\x89\xfc\x06f'
 401             fStringIO.write(UniGuid)
 402             UniValue = pack ('Q', int (Item[1], 16))
 403             fStringIO.write (UniValue)
 404         else:
 405             #
 406             # VFR binary offset in image.
 407             # GUID + Offset
 408             # { 0xd0bc7cb4, 0x6a47, 0x495f, { 0xaa, 0x11, 0x71, 0x7, 0x46, 0xda, 0x6, 0xa2 } };
 409             #
 410             VfrGuid = b'\xb4|\xbc\xd0Gj_I\xaa\x11q\x07F\xda\x06\xa2'
 411             fStringIO.write(VfrGuid)
 412             type (Item[1])
 413             VfrValue = pack ('Q', int (Item[1], 16))
 414             fStringIO.write (VfrValue)
 415
 416     #
 417     # write data into file.
 418     #
 419     try :
 420         fInputfile.write (fStringIO.getvalue())
 421     except:
 422         EdkLogger.error("Trim", FILE_WRITE_FAILURE, "Write data to file %s failed, please check whether the file been locked or using by other applications." %OutputFile, None)
 423
 424     fStringIO.close ()
 425     fInputfile.close ()
 426
 427
 428 ## Parse command line options
 429 #
 430 # Using standard Python module optparse to parse command line option of this tool.
 431 #
 432 # @retval Options   A optparse.Values object containing the parsed options
 433 # @retval InputFile Path of file to be trimmed
 434 #
 435 def Options():
 436     OptionList = [
 437         make_option("-s", "--source-code", dest="FileType", const="SourceCode", action="store_const",
 438                           help="The input file is preprocessed source code, including C or assembly code"),
 439         make_option("-r", "--vfr-file", dest="FileType", const="Vfr", action="store_const",
 440                           help="The input file is preprocessed VFR file"),
 441         make_option("--Vfr-Uni-Offset", dest="FileType", const="VfrOffsetBin", action="store_const",
 442                           help="The input file is EFI image"),
 443         make_option("-a", "--asl-file", dest="FileType", const="Asl", action="store_const",
 444                           help="The input file is ASL file"),
 445         make_option("-c", "--convert-hex", dest="ConvertHex", action="store_true",
 446                           help="Convert standard hex format (0xabcd) to MASM format (abcdh)"),
 447
 448         make_option("-l", "--trim-long", dest="TrimLong", action="store_true",
 449                           help="Remove postfix of long number"),
 450         make_option("-i", "--include-path-file", dest="IncludePathFile",
 451                           help="The input file is include path list to search for ASL include file"),
 452         make_option("-o", "--output", dest="OutputFile",
 453                           help="File to store the trimmed content"),
 454         make_option("--ModuleName", dest="ModuleName", help="The module's BASE_NAME"),
 455         make_option("--DebugDir", dest="DebugDir",
 456                           help="Debug Output directory to store the output files"),
 457         make_option("-v", "--verbose", dest="LogLevel", action="store_const", const=EdkLogger.VERBOSE,
 458                           help="Run verbosely"),
 459         make_option("-d", "--debug", dest="LogLevel", type="int",
 460                           help="Run with debug information"),
 461         make_option("-q", "--quiet", dest="LogLevel", action="store_const", const=EdkLogger.QUIET,
 462                           help="Run quietly"),
 463         make_option("-?", action="help", help="show this help message and exit"),
 464     ]
 465
 466     # use clearer usage to override default usage message
 467     UsageString = "%prog [-s|-r|-a|--Vfr-Uni-Offset] [-c] [-v|-d <debug_level>|-q] [-i <include_path_file>] [-o <output_file>] [--ModuleName <ModuleName>] [--DebugDir <DebugDir>] [<input_file>]"
 468
 469     Parser = OptionParser(description=__copyright__, version=__version__, option_list=OptionList, usage=UsageString)
 470     Parser.set_defaults(FileType="Vfr")
 471     Parser.set_defaults(ConvertHex=False)
 472     Parser.set_defaults(LogLevel=EdkLogger.INFO)
 473
 474     Options, Args = Parser.parse_args()
 475
 476     # error check
 477     if Options.FileType == 'VfrOffsetBin':
 478         if len(Args) == 0:
 479             return Options, ''
 480         elif len(Args) > 1:
 481             EdkLogger.error("Trim", OPTION_NOT_SUPPORTED, ExtraData=Parser.get_usage())
 482     if len(Args) == 0:
 483         EdkLogger.error("Trim", OPTION_MISSING, ExtraData=Parser.get_usage())
 484     if len(Args) > 1:
 485         EdkLogger.error("Trim", OPTION_NOT_SUPPORTED, ExtraData=Parser.get_usage())
 486
 487     InputFile = Args[0]
 488     return Options, InputFile
 489
 490 ## Entrance method
 491 #
 492 # This method mainly dispatch specific methods per the command line options.
 493 # If no error found, return zero value so the caller of this tool can know
 494 # if it's executed successfully or not.
 495 #
 496 # @retval 0     Tool was successful
 497 # @retval 1     Tool failed
 498 #
 499 def Main():
 500     try:
 501         EdkLogger.Initialize()
 502         CommandOptions, InputFile = Options()
 503         if CommandOptions.LogLevel < EdkLogger.DEBUG_9:
 504             EdkLogger.SetLevel(CommandOptions.LogLevel + 1)
 505         else:
 506             EdkLogger.SetLevel(CommandOptions.LogLevel)
 507     except FatalError as X:
 508         return 1
 509
 510     try:
 511         if CommandOptions.FileType == "Vfr":
 512             if CommandOptions.OutputFile is None:
 513                 CommandOptions.OutputFile = os.path.splitext(InputFile)[0] + '.iii'
 514             TrimPreprocessedVfr(InputFile, CommandOptions.OutputFile)
 515         elif CommandOptions.FileType == "Asl":
 516             if CommandOptions.OutputFile is None:
 517                 CommandOptions.OutputFile = os.path.splitext(InputFile)[0] + '.iii'
 518             TrimAslFile(InputFile, CommandOptions.OutputFile, CommandOptions.IncludePathFile)
 519         elif CommandOptions.FileType == "VfrOffsetBin":
 520             GenerateVfrBinSec(CommandOptions.ModuleName, CommandOptions.DebugDir, CommandOptions.OutputFile)
 521         else :
 522             if CommandOptions.OutputFile is None:
 523                 CommandOptions.OutputFile = os.path.splitext(InputFile)[0] + '.iii'
 524             TrimPreprocessedFile(InputFile, CommandOptions.OutputFile, CommandOptions.ConvertHex, CommandOptions.TrimLong)
 525     except FatalError as X:
 526         import platform
 527         import traceback
 528         if CommandOptions is not None and CommandOptions.LogLevel <= EdkLogger.DEBUG_9:
 529             EdkLogger.quiet("(Python %s on %s) " % (platform.python_version(), sys.platform) + traceback.format_exc())
 530         return 1
 531     except:
 532         import traceback
 533         import platform
 534         EdkLogger.error(
 535                     "\nTrim",
 536                     CODE_ERROR,
 537                     "Unknown fatal error when trimming [%s]" % InputFile,
 538                     ExtraData="\n(Please send email to %s for help, attaching following call stack trace!)\n" % MSG_EDKII_MAIL_ADDR,
 539                     RaiseError=False
 540                     )
 541         EdkLogger.quiet("(Python %s on %s) " % (platform.python_version(), sys.platform) + traceback.format_exc())
 542         return 1
 543
 544     return 0
 545
 546 if __name__ == '__main__':
 547     r = Main()
 548     ## 0-127 is a safe return range, and 1 is a standard default error
 549     if r < 0 or r > 127: r = 1
 550     sys.exit(r)
 551