pve-installation-media.adoc

   1 [[installation_prepare_media]]
   2 Prepare Installation Media
   3 --------------------------
   4 ifdef::wiki[]
   5 :pve-toplevel:
   6 endif::wiki[]
   7
   8 Download the installer ISO image from: {website}en/downloads/category/iso-images-pve
   9
  10 The {pve} installation media is a hybrid ISO image. It works in two ways:
  11
  12 * An ISO image file ready to burn to a CD or DVD.
  13
  14 * A raw sector (IMG) image file ready to copy to a USB flash drive (USB stick).
  15
  16 Using a USB flash drive to install {pve} is the recommended way because it is
  17 the faster option.
  18
  19 Prepare a USB Flash Drive as Installation Medium
  20 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  21
  22 The flash drive needs to have at least 1 GB of storage available.
  23
  24 NOTE: Do not use UNetbootin. It does not work with the {pve} installation image.
  25
  26 IMPORTANT: Make sure that the USB flash drive is not mounted and does not
  27 contain any important data.
  28
  29
  30 Instructions for GNU/Linux
  31 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  32
  33 On Unix-like operating system use the `dd` command to copy the ISO image to the
  34 USB flash drive. First find the correct device name of the USB flash drive (see
  35 below). Then run the `dd` command.
  36
  37 ----
  38 # dd bs=1M conv=fdatasync if=./proxmox-ve_*.iso of=/dev/XYZ
  39 ----
  40
  41 NOTE: Be sure to replace /dev/XYZ with the correct device name and adapt the
  42 input filename ('if') path.
  43
  44 CAUTION: Be very careful, and do not overwrite the wrong disk!
  45
  46
  47 Find the Correct USB Device Name
  48 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  49 There are two ways to find out the name of the USB flash drive. The first one is
  50 to compare the last lines of the `dmesg` command output before and after
  51 plugging in the flash drive. The second way is to compare the output of the
  52 `lsblk` command. Open a terminal and run:
  53
  54 ----
  55 # lsblk
  56 ----
  57
  58 Then plug in your USB flash drive and run the command again:
  59
  60 ----
  61 # lsblk
  62 ----
  63
  64 A new device will appear. This is the one you want to use. To be on the extra
  65 safe side check if the reported size matches your USB flash drive.
  66
  67
  68 Instructions for macOS
  69 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  70
  71 Open the terminal (query Terminal in Spotlight).
  72
  73 Convert the .iso file to .img using the convert option of `hdiutil` for example.
  74
  75 ----
  76 # hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o proxmox-ve_*.dmg proxmox-ve_*.iso
  77 ----
  78
  79 TIP: macOS tends to automatically add '.dmg' to the output file name.
  80
  81 To get the current list of devices run the command:
  82
  83 ----
  84 # diskutil list
  85 ----
  86
  87 Now insert the USB flash drive and run this command again to determine which
  88 device node has been assigned to it. (e.g., /dev/diskX).
  89
  90 ----
  91 # diskutil list
  92 # diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskX
  93 ----
  94
  95 NOTE: replace X with the disk number from the last command.
  96
  97 ----
  98 # sudo dd if=proxmox-ve_*.dmg of=/dev/rdiskX bs=1m
  99 ----
 100
 101 NOTE: 'rdiskX', instead of 'diskX', in the last command is intended. It will
 102 increase the write speed.
 103
 104 Instructions for Windows
 105 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 106
 107 Using Etcher
 108 ^^^^^^^^^^^^
 109
 110 Etcher works out of the box. Download Etcher from https://etcher.io. It will
 111 guide you through the process of selecting the ISO and your USB Drive.
 112
 113 Using Rufus
 114 ^^^^^^^^^^^
 115
 116 Rufus is a more lightweight alternative, but you need to use the *DD mode* to
 117 make it work. Download Rufus from https://rufus.ie/. Either install it or use
 118 the portable version. Select the destination drive and the {pve} ISO file.
 119
 120 IMPORTANT: Once you 'Start' you have to click 'No' on the dialog asking to
 121 download a different version of GRUB. In the next dialog select the 'DD' mode.
 122
 123 ifdef::wiki[]
 124 Boot your Server from the USB Flash Drive
 125 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 126
 127 Connect the USB flash drive to your server and make sure that booting from USB
 128 is enabled (check your servers firmware settings). Then follow the steps in the
 129 xref:chapter_installation[installation wizard].
 130
 131 endif::wiki[]