pve-installation.adoc

   1 Installing Proxmox VE
   2 =====================
   3 include::attributes.txt[]
   4
   5 ifdef::wiki[]
   6 :pve-toplevel:
   7 :title: Installation
   8 endif::wiki[]
   9
  10 {pve} ships as a set of Debian packages, so you can simply install it
  11 on top of a normal Debian installation, or download the installation
  12 CD-ROM and use that to install {pve} on your hardware.
  13
  14 Installing on top of an existing Debian installation looks easy, but
  15 it presumes that you have correctly installed the base system, and you
  16 know how you want to configure and use the local storage. Network
  17 configuration is also completely up to you.
  18
  19 In general, this is not trivial, especially when you use LVM or
  20 ZFS. This is why we provide an installation CD-ROM for {pve}. That
  21 installer just ask you a few questions, then partitions the local
  22 disk(s), installs all required packages and configures the system
  23 including a basic network setup. You can get a fully functional system
  24 within a few minutes, including the following:
  25
  26 * Complete operating system (Debian Linux, 64-bit)
  27 * Partition the hard drive with ext4 (alternative ext3 or xfs) or ZFS
  28 * {pve} Kernel with LXC and KVM support
  29 * Complete toolset
  30 * Web based management interface
  31
  32 ifndef::wiki[]
  33
  34 include::pve-system-requirements.adoc[]
  35
  36 endif::wiki[]
  37
  38
  39 Using the {pve} Installation CD-ROM
  40 -----------------------------------
  41
  42 This is the preferred and recommended installation method.
  43
  44 NOTE: By default, the complete server is used and all existing data is
  45 removed.
  46
  47 Please insert the installation CD-ROM, then boot from that
  48 drive. Immediately afterwards you can choose the following menu
  49 options:
  50
  51 Install Proxmox VE::
  52
  53 Start normal installation.
  54
  55 Install Proxmox VE (Debug mode)::
  56
  57 Start installation in debug mode. It opens a shell console at several
  58 installation steps, so that you can debug things if something goes
  59 wrong. Please press `CTRL-D` to exit those debug consoles and continue
  60 installation. This option is mostly for developers and not meant for
  61 general use.
  62
  63 Rescue Boot::
  64
  65 This option allows you to boot an existing installation. It searches
  66 all attached hard disks and, if it finds an existing installation,
  67 boots directly into that disk using the existing Linux kernel. This
  68 can be useful if there are problems with the boot block (grub), or the
  69 BIOS is unable to read the boot block from the disk.
  70
  71 Test Memory::
  72
  73 Runs `memtest86+`. This is useful to check if your memory is
  74 functional and error free.
  75
  76 You normally select *Install Proxmox VE* to start the installation.
  77 After that you get prompted to select the target hard disk(s). The
  78 `Options` button lets you select the target file system, which
  79 defaults to `ext4`. The installer uses LVM if you select `ext3`,
  80 `ext4` or `xfs` as file system, and offers additional option to
  81 restrict LVM space (see <<advanced_lvm_options,below>>)
  82
  83 If you have more than one disk, you can also use ZFS as file system.
  84 ZFS supports several software RAID levels, so this is specially useful
  85 if you do not have a hardware RAID controller. The `Options` button
  86 lets you select the ZFS RAID level, and you can choose disks there.
  87
  88 The next pages just ask for basic configuration options like time
  89 zone and keyboard layout. You also need to specify your email address
  90 and superuser (root) password (must have at least 5 characters).
  91
  92 The last step is the network configuration. Please note that you can
  93 use either IPv4 or IPv6 here, but not both. If you want to configure a
  94 dual stack node, you can easily do that after installation.
  95
  96 If you press `Next` now, installation starts to format disks, and
  97 copies packages to the target. Please wait until that is finished,
  98 then reboot the server.
  99
 100 Further configuration is done via the Proxmox web interface. Just
 101 point your browser to the IP address given during installation
 102 (https://youripaddress:8006).
 103
 104 NOTE: Default login is "root" (realm 'PAM') and the root password is
 105 defined during the installation process.
 106
 107
 108 [[advanced_lvm_options]]
 109 Advanced LVM Configuration Options
 110 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 111
 112 The installer creates a Volume Group (VG) called `pve`, and additional
 113 Logical Volumes (LVs) called `root`, `data` and `swap`. The size of
 114 those volumes can be controlled with:
 115
 116 `hdsize`::
 117
 118 Defines the total HD size to be used. This way you can save free
 119 space on the HD for further partitioning (i.e. for an additional PV
 120 and VG on the same hard disk that can be used for LVM storage).
 121
 122 `swapsize`::
 123
 124 To define the size of the `swap` volume. Default is the same size as
 125 installed RAM, with 4GB minimum and `hdsize/8` as maximum.
 126
 127 `maxroot`::
 128
 129 The `root` volume size. The `root` volume stores the whole operation
 130 system.
 131
 132 `maxvz`::
 133
 134 Define the size of the `data` volume.
 135
 136 `minfree`::
 137
 138 To define the amount of free space left in LVM volume group `pve`.
 139 16GB is the default if storage available > 128GB, `hdsize/8` otherwise.
 140 +
 141 NOTE: LVM requires free space in the VG for snapshot creation (not
 142 required for lvmthin snapshots).
 143
 144
 145 ZFS Performance Tips
 146 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 147
 148 ZFS uses a lot of memory, so it is best to add additional RAM if you
 149 want to use ZFS. A good calculation is 4GB plus 1GB RAM for each TB
 150 RAW disk space.
 151
 152 ZFS also provides the feature to use a fast SSD drive as write cache. The
 153 write cache is called the ZFS Intent Log (ZIL). You can add that after
 154 installation using the following command:
 155
 156  zpool add <pool-name> log </dev/path_to_fast_ssd>
 157
 158
 159 ifdef::wiki[]
 160
 161 link:/wiki/Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[Install Proxmox VE on Debian Jessie]
 162 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 163
 164 link:/wiki/Install_from_USB_Stick[Install from USB Stick]
 165 ---------------------------------------------------------
 166
 167 endif::wiki[]
 168
 169 ifndef::wiki[]
 170
 171 Install {pve} on Debian
 172 -----------------------
 173
 174 {pve} ships as a set of Debian packages, so you can simply install it
 175 on top of a normal Debian installation. After configuring the
 176 repositories, you need to run:
 177
 178 [source,bash]
 179 ----
 180 apt-get update
 181 apt-get install proxmox-ve
 182 ----
 183
 184 You can find a detailed step by step howto on the
 185 {webwiki-url}Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[wiki].
 186
 187 include::pve-usbstick.adoc[]
 188
 189 endif::wiki[]
 190
 191 ifdef::wiki[]
 192
 193 Video Tutorials
 194 ---------------
 195
 196 * List of all official tutorials on our
 197   http://www.youtube.com/proxmoxve[Proxmox VE YouTube Channel]
 198
 199 * Tutorials in Spanish language on
 200   http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUULBIhA5QDBdNf1pcTZ5UXhek63Fij8z[ITexperts.es
 201   YouTube Play List]
 202
 203
 204 See Also
 205 --------
 206
 207 * link:/wiki/System_Requirements[System Requirements]
 208
 209 * link:/wiki/Package_Repositories[Package Repositories]
 210
 211 * link:/wiki/Host_System_Administration[Host System Administration]
 212
 213 * link:/wiki/Network_Configuration[Network Configuration]
 214
 215 * link:/wiki/Installation:_Tips_and_Tricks[Installation: Tips and Tricks]
 216
 217 endif::wiki[]