pve-installation.adoc

   1 Installing Proxmox VE
   2 =====================
   3 include::attributes.txt[]
   4 ifndef::manvolnum[]
   5 :pve-toplevel:
   6 endif::manvolnum[]
   7 ifdef::wiki[]
   8 :title: Installation
   9 endif::wiki[]
  10
  11 {pve} is based on Debian and comes with an installation CD-ROM
  12 which includes a complete Debian ("jessie" for Proxmox VE 4.x) system as
  13 well as all necessary Proxmox VE packages. The
  14 installer just asks you a few questions, then partitions the local
  15 disk(s), installs all required packages, and configures the system
  16 including a basic network setup. You can get a fully functional system
  17 within a few minutes. This is the preferred and recommended installation method.
  18
  19 Alternatively, Proxmox VE can be installed on top of an existing Debian system.
  20 This option is only recommended for advanced users since detail knowledge about
  21 Proxmox VE is necessary.
  22
  23 ifndef::wiki[]
  24
  25 include::pve-system-requirements.adoc[]
  26
  27 endif::wiki[]
  28
  29
  30 Using the {pve} Installation CD-ROM
  31 -----------------------------------
  32
  33 Includes the following:
  34
  35 * Complete operating system (Debian Linux, 64-bit)
  36 * Partition the hard drive with ext4 (alternative ext3 or xfs) or ZFS
  37 * {pve} Kernel with LXC and KVM support
  38 * Complete toolset
  39 * Web based management interface
  40
  41
  42 NOTE: By default, the complete server is used and all existing data is
  43 removed.
  44
  45 Please insert the installation CD-ROM, then boot from that
  46 drive. Immediately afterwards you can choose the following menu
  47 options:
  48
  49 Install Proxmox VE::
  50
  51 Start normal installation.
  52
  53 Install Proxmox VE (Debug mode)::
  54
  55 Start installation in debug mode. It opens a shell console at several
  56 installation steps, so that you can debug things if something goes
  57 wrong. Please press `CTRL-D` to exit those debug consoles and continue
  58 installation. This option is mostly for developers and not meant for
  59 general use.
  60
  61 Rescue Boot::
  62
  63 This option allows you to boot an existing installation. It searches
  64 all attached hard disks and, if it finds an existing installation,
  65 boots directly into that disk using the existing Linux kernel. This
  66 can be useful if there are problems with the boot block (grub), or the
  67 BIOS is unable to read the boot block from the disk.
  68
  69 Test Memory::
  70
  71 Runs `memtest86+`. This is useful to check if your memory is
  72 functional and error free.
  73
  74 You normally select *Install Proxmox VE* to start the installation.
  75 After that you get prompted to select the target hard disk(s). The
  76 `Options` button lets you select the target file system, which
  77 defaults to `ext4`. The installer uses LVM if you select `ext3`,
  78 `ext4` or `xfs` as file system, and offers additional option to
  79 restrict LVM space (see <<advanced_lvm_options,below>>)
  80
  81 If you have more than one disk, you can also use ZFS as file system.
  82 ZFS supports several software RAID levels, so this is specially useful
  83 if you do not have a hardware RAID controller. The `Options` button
  84 lets you select the ZFS RAID level, and you can choose disks there.
  85
  86 The next pages just ask for basic configuration options like time
  87 zone and keyboard layout. You also need to specify your email address
  88 and superuser (root) password (must have at least 5 characters).
  89
  90 The last step is the network configuration. Please note that you can
  91 use either IPv4 or IPv6 here, but not both. If you want to configure a
  92 dual stack node, you can easily do that after installation.
  93
  94 If you press `Next` now, installation starts to format disks, and
  95 copies packages to the target. Please wait until that is finished,
  96 then reboot the server.
  97
  98 Further configuration is done via the Proxmox web interface. Just
  99 point your browser to the IP address given during installation
 100 (https://youripaddress:8006).
 101
 102 NOTE: Default login is "root" (realm 'PAM') and the root password is
 103 defined during the installation process.
 104
 105
 106 [[advanced_lvm_options]]
 107 Advanced LVM Configuration Options
 108 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 109
 110 The installer creates a Volume Group (VG) called `pve`, and additional
 111 Logical Volumes (LVs) called `root`, `data` and `swap`. The size of
 112 those volumes can be controlled with:
 113
 114 `hdsize`::
 115
 116 Defines the total HD size to be used. This way you can save free
 117 space on the HD for further partitioning (i.e. for an additional PV
 118 and VG on the same hard disk that can be used for LVM storage).
 119
 120 `swapsize`::
 121
 122 To define the size of the `swap` volume. Default is the same size as
 123 installed RAM, with 4GB minimum and `hdsize/8` as maximum.
 124
 125 `maxroot`::
 126
 127 The `root` volume size. The `root` volume stores the whole operation
 128 system.
 129
 130 `maxvz`::
 131
 132 Define the size of the `data` volume.
 133
 134 `minfree`::
 135
 136 To define the amount of free space left in LVM volume group `pve`.
 137 16GB is the default if storage available > 128GB, `hdsize/8` otherwise.
 138 +
 139 NOTE: LVM requires free space in the VG for snapshot creation (not
 140 required for lvmthin snapshots).
 141
 142
 143 ZFS Performance Tips
 144 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 145
 146 ZFS uses a lot of memory, so it is best to add additional RAM if you
 147 want to use ZFS. A good calculation is 4GB plus 1GB RAM for each TB
 148 RAW disk space.
 149
 150 ZFS also provides the feature to use a fast SSD drive as write cache. The
 151 write cache is called the ZFS Intent Log (ZIL). You can add that after
 152 installation using the following command:
 153
 154  zpool add <pool-name> log </dev/path_to_fast_ssd>
 155
 156
 157 ifdef::wiki[]
 158
 159 link:/wiki/Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[Install Proxmox VE on Debian Jessie]
 160 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 161
 162 link:/wiki/Install_from_USB_Stick[Install from USB Stick]
 163 ---------------------------------------------------------
 164
 165 endif::wiki[]
 166
 167 ifndef::wiki[]
 168
 169 Install {pve} on Debian
 170 -----------------------
 171
 172 {pve} ships as a set of Debian packages, so you can install it
 173 on top of a normal Debian installation. After configuring the
 174 repositories, you need to run:
 175
 176 [source,bash]
 177 ----
 178 apt-get update
 179 apt-get install proxmox-ve
 180 ----
 181
 182 Installing on top of an existing Debian installation looks easy, but
 183 it presumes that you have correctly installed the base system, and you
 184 know how you want to configure and use the local storage. Network
 185 configuration is also completely up to you.
 186
 187 In general, this is not trivial, especially when you use LVM or
 188 ZFS.
 189
 190 You can find a detailed step by step howto on the
 191 {webwiki-url}Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[wiki].
 192
 193 include::pve-usbstick.adoc[]
 194
 195 endif::wiki[]
 196
 197 ifdef::wiki[]
 198
 199 Video Tutorials
 200 ---------------
 201
 202 * List of all official tutorials on our
 203   http://www.youtube.com/proxmoxve[Proxmox VE YouTube Channel]
 204
 205 * Tutorials in Spanish language on
 206   http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUULBIhA5QDBdNf1pcTZ5UXhek63Fij8z[ITexperts.es
 207   YouTube Play List]
 208
 209
 210 See Also
 211 --------
 212
 213 * link:/wiki/System_Requirements[System Requirements]
 214
 215 * link:/wiki/Package_Repositories[Package Repositories]
 216
 217 * link:/wiki/Host_System_Administration[Host System Administration]
 218
 219 * link:/wiki/Network_Configuration[Network Configuration]
 220
 221 * link:/wiki/Installation:_Tips_and_Tricks[Installation: Tips and Tricks]
 222
 223 endif::wiki[]