pve-installation.adoc

   1 Installing Proxmox VE
   2 =====================
   3 include::attributes.txt[]
   4 ifndef::manvolnum[]
   5 :pve-toplevel:
   6 endif::manvolnum[]
   7 ifdef::wiki[]
   8 :title: Installation
   9 endif::wiki[]
  10
  11 {pve} ships as a set of Debian packages, so you can simply install it
  12 on top of a normal Debian installation, or download the installation
  13 CD-ROM and use that to install {pve} on your hardware.
  14
  15 Installing on top of an existing Debian installation looks easy, but
  16 it presumes that you have correctly installed the base system, and you
  17 know how you want to configure and use the local storage. Network
  18 configuration is also completely up to you.
  19
  20 In general, this is not trivial, especially when you use LVM or
  21 ZFS. This is why we provide an installation CD-ROM for {pve}. That
  22 installer just ask you a few questions, then partitions the local
  23 disk(s), installs all required packages and configures the system
  24 including a basic network setup. You can get a fully functional system
  25 within a few minutes, including the following:
  26
  27 * Complete operating system (Debian Linux, 64-bit)
  28 * Partition the hard drive with ext4 (alternative ext3 or xfs) or ZFS
  29 * {pve} Kernel with LXC and KVM support
  30 * Complete toolset
  31 * Web based management interface
  32
  33 ifndef::wiki[]
  34
  35 include::pve-system-requirements.adoc[]
  36
  37 endif::wiki[]
  38
  39
  40 Using the {pve} Installation CD-ROM
  41 -----------------------------------
  42
  43 This is the preferred and recommended installation method.
  44
  45 NOTE: By default, the complete server is used and all existing data is
  46 removed.
  47
  48 Please insert the installation CD-ROM, then boot from that
  49 drive. Immediately afterwards you can choose the following menu
  50 options:
  51
  52 Install Proxmox VE::
  53
  54 Start normal installation.
  55
  56 Install Proxmox VE (Debug mode)::
  57
  58 Start installation in debug mode. It opens a shell console at several
  59 installation steps, so that you can debug things if something goes
  60 wrong. Please press `CTRL-D` to exit those debug consoles and continue
  61 installation. This option is mostly for developers and not meant for
  62 general use.
  63
  64 Rescue Boot::
  65
  66 This option allows you to boot an existing installation. It searches
  67 all attached hard disks and, if it finds an existing installation,
  68 boots directly into that disk using the existing Linux kernel. This
  69 can be useful if there are problems with the boot block (grub), or the
  70 BIOS is unable to read the boot block from the disk.
  71
  72 Test Memory::
  73
  74 Runs `memtest86+`. This is useful to check if your memory is
  75 functional and error free.
  76
  77 You normally select *Install Proxmox VE* to start the installation.
  78 After that you get prompted to select the target hard disk(s). The
  79 `Options` button lets you select the target file system, which
  80 defaults to `ext4`. The installer uses LVM if you select `ext3`,
  81 `ext4` or `xfs` as file system, and offers additional option to
  82 restrict LVM space (see <<advanced_lvm_options,below>>)
  83
  84 If you have more than one disk, you can also use ZFS as file system.
  85 ZFS supports several software RAID levels, so this is specially useful
  86 if you do not have a hardware RAID controller. The `Options` button
  87 lets you select the ZFS RAID level, and you can choose disks there.
  88
  89 The next pages just ask for basic configuration options like time
  90 zone and keyboard layout. You also need to specify your email address
  91 and superuser (root) password (must have at least 5 characters).
  92
  93 The last step is the network configuration. Please note that you can
  94 use either IPv4 or IPv6 here, but not both. If you want to configure a
  95 dual stack node, you can easily do that after installation.
  96
  97 If you press `Next` now, installation starts to format disks, and
  98 copies packages to the target. Please wait until that is finished,
  99 then reboot the server.
 100
 101 Further configuration is done via the Proxmox web interface. Just
 102 point your browser to the IP address given during installation
 103 (https://youripaddress:8006).
 104
 105 NOTE: Default login is "root" (realm 'PAM') and the root password is
 106 defined during the installation process.
 107
 108
 109 [[advanced_lvm_options]]
 110 Advanced LVM Configuration Options
 111 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 112
 113 The installer creates a Volume Group (VG) called `pve`, and additional
 114 Logical Volumes (LVs) called `root`, `data` and `swap`. The size of
 115 those volumes can be controlled with:
 116
 117 `hdsize`::
 118
 119 Defines the total HD size to be used. This way you can save free
 120 space on the HD for further partitioning (i.e. for an additional PV
 121 and VG on the same hard disk that can be used for LVM storage).
 122
 123 `swapsize`::
 124
 125 To define the size of the `swap` volume. Default is the same size as
 126 installed RAM, with 4GB minimum and `hdsize/8` as maximum.
 127
 128 `maxroot`::
 129
 130 The `root` volume size. The `root` volume stores the whole operation
 131 system.
 132
 133 `maxvz`::
 134
 135 Define the size of the `data` volume.
 136
 137 `minfree`::
 138
 139 To define the amount of free space left in LVM volume group `pve`.
 140 16GB is the default if storage available > 128GB, `hdsize/8` otherwise.
 141 +
 142 NOTE: LVM requires free space in the VG for snapshot creation (not
 143 required for lvmthin snapshots).
 144
 145
 146 ZFS Performance Tips
 147 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 148
 149 ZFS uses a lot of memory, so it is best to add additional RAM if you
 150 want to use ZFS. A good calculation is 4GB plus 1GB RAM for each TB
 151 RAW disk space.
 152
 153 ZFS also provides the feature to use a fast SSD drive as write cache. The
 154 write cache is called the ZFS Intent Log (ZIL). You can add that after
 155 installation using the following command:
 156
 157  zpool add <pool-name> log </dev/path_to_fast_ssd>
 158
 159
 160 ifdef::wiki[]
 161
 162 link:/wiki/Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[Install Proxmox VE on Debian Jessie]
 163 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 164
 165 link:/wiki/Install_from_USB_Stick[Install from USB Stick]
 166 ---------------------------------------------------------
 167
 168 endif::wiki[]
 169
 170 ifndef::wiki[]
 171
 172 Install {pve} on Debian
 173 -----------------------
 174
 175 {pve} ships as a set of Debian packages, so you can simply install it
 176 on top of a normal Debian installation. After configuring the
 177 repositories, you need to run:
 178
 179 [source,bash]
 180 ----
 181 apt-get update
 182 apt-get install proxmox-ve
 183 ----
 184
 185 You can find a detailed step by step howto on the
 186 {webwiki-url}Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[wiki].
 187
 188 include::pve-usbstick.adoc[]
 189
 190 endif::wiki[]
 191
 192 ifdef::wiki[]
 193
 194 Video Tutorials
 195 ---------------
 196
 197 * List of all official tutorials on our
 198   http://www.youtube.com/proxmoxve[Proxmox VE YouTube Channel]
 199
 200 * Tutorials in Spanish language on
 201   http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUULBIhA5QDBdNf1pcTZ5UXhek63Fij8z[ITexperts.es
 202   YouTube Play List]
 203
 204
 205 See Also
 206 --------
 207
 208 * link:/wiki/System_Requirements[System Requirements]
 209
 210 * link:/wiki/Package_Repositories[Package Repositories]
 211
 212 * link:/wiki/Host_System_Administration[Host System Administration]
 213
 214 * link:/wiki/Network_Configuration[Network Configuration]
 215
 216 * link:/wiki/Installation:_Tips_and_Tricks[Installation: Tips and Tricks]
 217
 218 endif::wiki[]