pve-installation.adoc

   1 Installing Proxmox VE
   2 =====================
   3 include::attributes.txt[]
   4 ifndef::manvolnum[]
   5 :pve-toplevel:
   6 endif::manvolnum[]
   7 ifdef::wiki[]
   8 :title: Installation
   9 endif::wiki[]
  10
  11 {pve} is based on Debian and comes with an installation CD-ROM
  12 which includes a complete Debian ("jessie" for Proxmox VE 4.x) system as
  13 well as all necessary Proxmox VE packages. The
  14 installer just asks you a few questions, then partitions the local
  15 disk(s), installs all required packages, and configures the system
  16 including a basic network setup. You can get a fully functional system
  17 within a few minutes. This is the preferred and recommended installation method.
  18
  19 Alternatively, Proxmox VE can be installed on top of an existing Debian system.
  20 This option is only recommended for advanced users since detail knowledge about
  21 Proxmox VE is necessary.
  22
  23 ifndef::wiki[]
  24
  25 include::pve-system-requirements.adoc[]
  26
  27 endif::wiki[]
  28
  29
  30 Using the {pve} Installation CD-ROM
  31 -----------------------------------
  32
  33 Includes the following:
  34
  35 * Complete operating system (Debian Linux, 64-bit)
  36
  37 * Partitioning of the hard drive(s) containing the operating system
  38   with ext4, ext3, xfs or ZFS
  39
  40 * {pve} kernel with LXC and KVM support
  41
  42 * Complete toolset for administering virtual machines, containers and
  43   all necessary resources
  44
  45 * Web based management interface for using the toolset
  46
  47
  48 NOTE: By default, the complete server is used and all existing data is
  49 removed.
  50
  51 Please insert the installation CD-ROM, then boot from that
  52 drive. Immediately afterwards you can choose the following menu
  53 options:
  54
  55 Install Proxmox VE::
  56
  57 Start normal installation.
  58
  59 Install Proxmox VE (Debug mode)::
  60
  61 Start installation in debug mode. It opens a shell console at several
  62 installation steps, so that you can debug things if something goes
  63 wrong. Please press `CTRL-D` to exit those debug consoles and continue
  64 installation. This option is mostly for developers and not meant for
  65 general use.
  66
  67 Rescue Boot::
  68
  69 This option allows you to boot an existing installation. It searches
  70 all attached hard disks and, if it finds an existing installation,
  71 boots directly into that disk using the existing Linux kernel. This
  72 can be useful if there are problems with the boot block (grub), or the
  73 BIOS is unable to read the boot block from the disk.
  74
  75 Test Memory::
  76
  77 Runs `memtest86+`. This is useful to check if your memory is
  78 functional and error free.
  79
  80 You normally select *Install Proxmox VE* to start the installation.
  81 After that you get prompted to select the target hard disk(s). The
  82 `Options` button lets you select the target file system, which
  83 defaults to `ext4`. The installer uses LVM if you select `ext3`,
  84 `ext4` or `xfs` as file system, and offers additional option to
  85 restrict LVM space (see <<advanced_lvm_options,below>>)
  86
  87 If you have more than one disk, you can also use ZFS as file system.
  88 ZFS supports several software RAID levels, so this is specially useful
  89 if you do not have a hardware RAID controller. The `Options` button
  90 lets you select the ZFS RAID level, and you can choose disks there.
  91
  92 The next pages just ask for basic configuration options like time
  93 zone and keyboard layout. You also need to specify your email address
  94 and superuser (root) password (must have at least 5 characters).
  95
  96 The last step is the network configuration. Please note that you can
  97 use either IPv4 or IPv6 here, but not both. If you want to configure a
  98 dual stack node, you can easily do that after installation.
  99
 100 If you press `Next` now, installation starts to format disks, and
 101 copies packages to the target. Please wait until that is finished,
 102 then reboot the server.
 103
 104 Further configuration is done via the Proxmox web interface. Just
 105 point your browser to the IP address given during installation
 106 (https://youripaddress:8006).
 107
 108 NOTE: Default login is "root" (realm 'PAM') and the root password is
 109 defined during the installation process.
 110
 111
 112 [[advanced_lvm_options]]
 113 Advanced LVM Configuration Options
 114 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 115
 116 The installer creates a Volume Group (VG) called `pve`, and additional
 117 Logical Volumes (LVs) called `root`, `data` and `swap`. The size of
 118 those volumes can be controlled with:
 119
 120 `hdsize`::
 121
 122 Defines the total HD size to be used. This way you can save free
 123 space on the HD for further partitioning (i.e. for an additional PV
 124 and VG on the same hard disk that can be used for LVM storage).
 125
 126 `swapsize`::
 127
 128 To define the size of the `swap` volume. Default is the same size as
 129 installed RAM, with 4GB minimum and `hdsize/8` as maximum.
 130
 131 `maxroot`::
 132
 133 The `root` volume size. The `root` volume stores the whole operation
 134 system.
 135
 136 `maxvz`::
 137
 138 Define the size of the `data` volume.
 139
 140 `minfree`::
 141
 142 To define the amount of free space left in LVM volume group `pve`.
 143 16GB is the default if storage available > 128GB, `hdsize/8` otherwise.
 144 +
 145 NOTE: LVM requires free space in the VG for snapshot creation (not
 146 required for lvmthin snapshots).
 147
 148
 149 ZFS Performance Tips
 150 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 151
 152 ZFS uses a lot of memory, so it is best to add additional RAM if you
 153 want to use ZFS. A good calculation is 4GB plus 1GB RAM for each TB
 154 RAW disk space.
 155
 156 ZFS also provides the feature to use a fast SSD drive as write cache. The
 157 write cache is called the ZFS Intent Log (ZIL). You can add that after
 158 installation using the following command:
 159
 160  zpool add <pool-name> log </dev/path_to_fast_ssd>
 161
 162
 163 ifdef::wiki[]
 164
 165 link:/wiki/Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[Install Proxmox VE on Debian Jessie]
 166 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 167
 168 link:/wiki/Install_from_USB_Stick[Install from USB Stick]
 169 ---------------------------------------------------------
 170
 171 endif::wiki[]
 172
 173 ifndef::wiki[]
 174
 175 Install {pve} on Debian
 176 -----------------------
 177
 178 {pve} ships as a set of Debian packages, so you can install it
 179 on top of a normal Debian installation. After configuring the
 180 repositories, you need to run:
 181
 182 [source,bash]
 183 ----
 184 apt-get update
 185 apt-get install proxmox-ve
 186 ----
 187
 188 Installing on top of an existing Debian installation looks easy, but
 189 it presumes that you have correctly installed the base system, and you
 190 know how you want to configure and use the local storage. Network
 191 configuration is also completely up to you.
 192
 193 In general, this is not trivial, especially when you use LVM or
 194 ZFS.
 195
 196 You can find a detailed step by step howto on the
 197 {webwiki-url}Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[wiki].
 198
 199 include::pve-usbstick.adoc[]
 200
 201 endif::wiki[]
 202
 203 ifdef::wiki[]
 204
 205 Video Tutorials
 206 ---------------
 207
 208 * List of all official tutorials on our
 209   http://www.youtube.com/proxmoxve[Proxmox VE YouTube Channel]
 210
 211 * Tutorials in Spanish language on
 212   http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUULBIhA5QDBdNf1pcTZ5UXhek63Fij8z[ITexperts.es
 213   YouTube Play List]
 214
 215
 216 See Also
 217 --------
 218
 219 * link:/wiki/System_Requirements[System Requirements]
 220
 221 * link:/wiki/Package_Repositories[Package Repositories]
 222
 223 * link:/wiki/Host_System_Administration[Host System Administration]
 224
 225 * link:/wiki/Network_Configuration[Network Configuration]
 226
 227 * link:/wiki/Installation:_Tips_and_Tricks[Installation: Tips and Tricks]
 228
 229 endif::wiki[]