qm.1-synopsis.adoc

   1 *qm* `<COMMAND> [ARGS] [OPTIONS]`
   2
   3 *qm agent* `<vmid> <command>`
   4
   5 Execute Qemu Guest Agent commands.
   6
   7 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
   8
   9 The (unique) ID of the VM.
  10
  11 `<command>`: `<fsfreeze-freeze | fsfreeze-status | fsfreeze-thaw | fstrim | get-fsinfo | get-memory-block-info | get-memory-blocks | get-time | get-vcpus | info | network-get-interfaces | ping | shutdown | suspend-disk | suspend-hybrid | suspend-ram>` ::
  12
  13 The QGA command.
  14
  15
  16
  17 *qm clone* `<vmid> <newid>` `[OPTIONS]`
  18
  19 Create a copy of virtual machine/template.
  20
  21 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
  22
  23 The (unique) ID of the VM.
  24
  25 `<newid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
  26
  27 VMID for the clone.
  28
  29 `-description` `<string>` ::
  30
  31 Description for the new VM.
  32
  33 `-format` `<qcow2 | raw | vmdk>` ::
  34
  35 Target format for file storage.
  36 +
  37 NOTE: Requires option(s): `full`
  38
  39 `-full` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
  40
  41 Create a full copy of all disk. This is always done when you clone a normal VM. For VM templates, we try to create a linked clone by default.
  42
  43 `-name` `<string>` ::
  44
  45 Set a name for the new VM.
  46
  47 `-pool` `<string>` ::
  48
  49 Add the new VM to the specified pool.
  50
  51 `-snapname` `<string>` ::
  52
  53 The name of the snapshot.
  54
  55 `-storage` `<string>` ::
  56
  57 Target storage for full clone.
  58 +
  59 NOTE: Requires option(s): `full`
  60
  61 `-target` `<string>` ::
  62
  63 Target node. Only allowed if the original VM is on shared storage.
  64
  65
  66
  67 *qm config* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
  68
  69 Get current virtual machine configuration. This does not include pending
  70 configuration changes (see 'pending' API).
  71
  72 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
  73
  74 The (unique) ID of the VM.
  75
  76 `-current` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
  77
  78 Get current values (instead of pending values).
  79
  80
  81
  82 *qm create* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
  83
  84 Create or restore a virtual machine.
  85
  86 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
  87
  88 The (unique) ID of the VM.
  89
  90 `-acpi` `<boolean>` ('default =' `1`)::
  91
  92 Enable/disable ACPI.
  93
  94 `-agent` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
  95
  96 Enable/disable Qemu GuestAgent.
  97
  98 `-archive` `<string>` ::
  99
 100 The backup file.
 101
 102 `-args` `<string>` ::
 103
 104 Arbitrary arguments passed to kvm.
 105
 106 `-autostart` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 107
 108 Automatic restart after crash (currently ignored).
 109
 110 `-balloon` `<integer> (0 - N)` ::
 111
 112 Amount of target RAM for the VM in MB. Using zero disables the ballon driver.
 113
 114 `-bios` `<ovmf | seabios>` ('default =' `seabios`)::
 115
 116 Select BIOS implementation.
 117
 118 `-boot` `[acdn]{1,4}` ('default =' `cdn`)::
 119
 120 Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), or network (n).
 121
 122 `-bootdisk` `(ide|sata|scsi|virtio)\d+` ::
 123
 124 Enable booting from specified disk.
 125
 126 `-cdrom` `<volume>` ::
 127
 128 This is an alias for option -ide2
 129
 130 `-cores` `<integer> (1 - N)` ('default =' `1`)::
 131
 132 The number of cores per socket.
 133
 134 `-cpu` `[cputype=]<enum> [,hidden=<1|0>]` ::
 135
 136 Emulated CPU type.
 137
 138 `-cpulimit` `<number> (0 - 128)` ('default =' `0`)::
 139
 140 Limit of CPU usage.
 141
 142 `-cpuunits` `<integer> (0 - 500000)` ('default =' `1024`)::
 143
 144 CPU weight for a VM.
 145
 146 `-description` `<string>` ::
 147
 148 Description for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface. This is saved as comment inside the configuration file.
 149
 150 `-efidisk0` `[file=]<volume> [,format=<enum>] [,size=<DiskSize>]` ::
 151
 152 Configure a Disk for storing EFI vars
 153
 154 `-force` `<boolean>` ::
 155
 156 Allow to overwrite existing VM.
 157 +
 158 NOTE: Requires option(s): `archive`
 159
 160 `-freeze` `<boolean>` ::
 161
 162 Freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' monitor command to start execution).
 163
 164 `-hostpci[n]` `[host=]<HOSTPCIID[;HOSTPCIID2...]> [,pcie=<1|0>] [,rombar=<1|0>] [,romfile=<string>] [,x-vga=<1|0>]` ::
 165
 166 Map host PCI devices into guest.
 167
 168 `-hotplug` `<string>` ('default =' `network,disk,usb`)::
 169
 170 Selectively enable hotplug features. This is a comma separated list of hotplug features: 'network', 'disk', 'cpu', 'memory' and 'usb'. Use '0' to disable hotplug completely. Value '1' is an alias for the default 'network,disk,usb'.
 171
 172 `-hugepages` `<1024 | 2 | any>` ::
 173
 174 Enable/disable hugepages memory.
 175
 176 `-ide[n]` `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,bps_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,cache=<enum>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<enum>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,model=<model>] [,replicate=<1|0>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enum>]` ::
 177
 178 Use volume as IDE hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 3).
 179
 180 `-keyboard` `<da | de | de-ch | en-gb | en-us | es | fi | fr | fr-be | fr-ca | fr-ch | hu | is | it | ja | lt | mk | nl | no | pl | pt | pt-br | sl | sv | tr>` ('default =' `en-us`)::
 181
 182 Keybord layout for vnc server. Default is read from the '/etc/pve/datacenter.conf' configuration file.
 183
 184 `-kvm` `<boolean>` ('default =' `1`)::
 185
 186 Enable/disable KVM hardware virtualization.
 187
 188 `-localtime` `<boolean>` ::
 189
 190 Set the real time clock to local time. This is enabled by default if ostype indicates a Microsoft OS.
 191
 192 `-lock` `<backup | migrate | rollback | snapshot>` ::
 193
 194 Lock/unlock the VM.
 195
 196 `-machine` `(pc|pc(-i440fx)?-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?|q35|pc-q35-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?)` ::
 197
 198 Specific the Qemu machine type.
 199
 200 `-memory` `<integer> (16 - N)` ('default =' `512`)::
 201
 202 Amount of RAM for the VM in MB. This is the maximum available memory when you use the balloon device.
 203
 204 `-migrate_downtime` `<number> (0 - N)` ('default =' `0.1`)::
 205
 206 Set maximum tolerated downtime (in seconds) for migrations.
 207
 208 `-migrate_speed` `<integer> (0 - N)` ('default =' `0`)::
 209
 210 Set maximum speed (in MB/s) for migrations. Value 0 is no limit.
 211
 212 `-name` `<string>` ::
 213
 214 Set a name for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface.
 215
 216 `-net[n]` `[model=]<enum> [,bridge=<bridge>] [,firewall=<1|0>] [,link_down=<1|0>] [,macaddr=<XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX>] [,queues=<integer>] [,rate=<number>] [,tag=<integer>] [,trunks=<vlanid[;vlanid...]>] [,<model>=<macaddr>]` ::
 217
 218 Specify network devices.
 219
 220 `-numa` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 221
 222 Enable/disable NUMA.
 223
 224 `-numa[n]` `cpus=<id[-id];...> [,hostnodes=<id[-id];...>] [,memory=<number>] [,policy=<preferred|bind|interleave>]` ::
 225
 226 NUMA topology.
 227
 228 `-onboot` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 229
 230 Specifies whether a VM will be started during system bootup.
 231
 232 `-ostype` `<l24 | l26 | other | solaris | w2k | w2k3 | w2k8 | win10 | win7 | win8 | wvista | wxp>` ::
 233
 234 Specify guest operating system.
 235
 236 `-parallel[n]` `/dev/parport\d+|/dev/usb/lp\d+` ::
 237
 238 Map host parallel devices (n is 0 to 2).
 239
 240 `-pool` `<string>` ::
 241
 242 Add the VM to the specified pool.
 243
 244 `-protection` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 245
 246 Sets the protection flag of the VM. This will disable the remove VM and remove disk operations.
 247
 248 `-reboot` `<boolean>` ('default =' `1`)::
 249
 250 Allow reboot. If set to '0' the VM exit on reboot.
 251
 252 `-sata[n]` `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,bps_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,cache=<enum>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<enum>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,replicate=<1|0>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enum>]` ::
 253
 254 Use volume as SATA hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 5).
 255
 256 `-scsi[n]` `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,bps_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,cache=<enum>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<enum>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,iothread=<1|0>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,queues=<integer>] [,replicate=<1|0>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,scsiblock=<1|0>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enum>]` ::
 257
 258 Use volume as SCSI hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 13).
 259
 260 `-scsihw` `<lsi | lsi53c810 | megasas | pvscsi | virtio-scsi-pci | virtio-scsi-single>` ('default =' `lsi`)::
 261
 262 SCSI controller model
 263
 264 `-serial[n]` `(/dev/.+|socket)` ::
 265
 266 Create a serial device inside the VM (n is 0 to 3)
 267
 268 `-shares` `<integer> (0 - 50000)` ('default =' `1000`)::
 269
 270 Amount of memory shares for auto-ballooning. The larger the number is, the more memory this VM gets. Number is relative to weights of all other running VMs. Using zero disables auto-ballooning
 271
 272 `-smbios1` `[family=<string>] [,manufacturer=<string>] [,product=<string>] [,serial=<string>] [,sku=<string>] [,uuid=<UUID>] [,version=<string>]` ::
 273
 274 Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields.
 275
 276 `-smp` `<integer> (1 - N)` ('default =' `1`)::
 277
 278 The number of CPUs. Please use option -sockets instead.
 279
 280 `-sockets` `<integer> (1 - N)` ('default =' `1`)::
 281
 282 The number of CPU sockets.
 283
 284 `-startdate` `(now | YYYY-MM-DD | YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS)` ('default =' `now`)::
 285
 286 Set the initial date of the real time clock. Valid format for date are: 'now' or '2006-06-17T16:01:21' or '2006-06-17'.
 287
 288 `-startup` `[[order=]\d+] [,up=\d+] [,down=\d+] ` ::
 289
 290 Startup and shutdown behavior. Order is a non-negative number defining the general startup order. Shutdown in done with reverse ordering. Additionally you can set the 'up' or 'down' delay in seconds, which specifies a delay to wait before the next VM is started or stopped.
 291
 292 `-storage` `<string>` ::
 293
 294 Default storage.
 295
 296 `-tablet` `<boolean>` ('default =' `1`)::
 297
 298 Enable/disable the USB tablet device.
 299
 300 `-tdf` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 301
 302 Enable/disable time drift fix.
 303
 304 `-template` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 305
 306 Enable/disable Template.
 307
 308 `-unique` `<boolean>` ::
 309
 310 Assign a unique random ethernet address.
 311 +
 312 NOTE: Requires option(s): `archive`
 313
 314 `-unused[n]` `<string>` ::
 315
 316 Reference to unused volumes. This is used internally, and should not be modified manually.
 317
 318 `-usb[n]` `[host=]<HOSTUSBDEVICE|spice> [,usb3=<1|0>]` ::
 319
 320 Configure an USB device (n is 0 to 4).
 321
 322 `-vcpus` `<integer> (1 - N)` ('default =' `0`)::
 323
 324 Number of hotplugged vcpus.
 325
 326 `-vga` `<cirrus | qxl | qxl2 | qxl3 | qxl4 | serial0 | serial1 | serial2 | serial3 | std | vmware>` ::
 327
 328 Select the VGA type.
 329
 330 `-virtio[n]` `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,bps_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,cache=<enum>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<enum>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,iothread=<1|0>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,replicate=<1|0>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enum>]` ::
 331
 332 Use volume as VIRTIO hard disk (n is 0 to 15).
 333
 334 `-watchdog` `[[model=]<i6300esb|ib700>] [,action=<enum>]` ::
 335
 336 Create a virtual hardware watchdog device.
 337
 338
 339
 340 *qm delsnapshot* `<vmid> <snapname>` `[OPTIONS]`
 341
 342 Delete a VM snapshot.
 343
 344 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 345
 346 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 347
 348 `<snapname>`: `<string>` ::
 349
 350 The name of the snapshot.
 351
 352 `-force` `<boolean>` ::
 353
 354 For removal from config file, even if removing disk snapshots fails.
 355
 356
 357
 358 *qm destroy* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
 359
 360 Destroy the vm (also delete all used/owned volumes).
 361
 362 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 363
 364 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 365
 366 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
 367
 368 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
 369
 370
 371
 372
 373 *qm help* `[<cmd>]` `[OPTIONS]`
 374
 375 Get help about specified command.
 376
 377 `<cmd>`: `<string>` ::
 378
 379 Command name
 380
 381 `-verbose` `<boolean>` ::
 382
 383 Verbose output format.
 384
 385
 386
 387
 388 *qm importdisk* `<vmid> <source> <storage>` `[OPTIONS]`
 389
 390 Import an external disk image as an unused disk in a VM. The
 391  image format has to be supported by qemu-img(1).
 392
 393 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 394
 395 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 396
 397 `<source>`: `<string>` ::
 398
 399 Path to the disk image to import
 400
 401 `<storage>`: `<string>` ::
 402
 403 Target storage ID
 404
 405 `-format` `<qcow2 | raw | vmdk>` ::
 406
 407 Target format
 408
 409
 410
 411
 412 *qm list* `[OPTIONS]`
 413
 414 Virtual machine index (per node).
 415
 416 `-full` `<boolean>` ::
 417
 418 Determine the full status of active VMs.
 419
 420
 421
 422 *qm listsnapshot* `<vmid>`
 423
 424 List all snapshots.
 425
 426 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 427
 428 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 429
 430
 431
 432 *qm migrate* `<vmid> <target>` `[OPTIONS]`
 433
 434 Migrate virtual machine. Creates a new migration task.
 435
 436 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 437
 438 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 439
 440 `<target>`: `<string>` ::
 441
 442 Target node.
 443
 444 `-force` `<boolean>` ::
 445
 446 Allow to migrate VMs which use local devices. Only root may use this option.
 447
 448 `-migration_network` `<string>` ::
 449
 450 CIDR of the (sub) network that is used for migration.
 451
 452 `-migration_type` `<insecure | secure>` ::
 453
 454 Migration traffic is encrypted using an SSH tunnel by default. On secure, completely private networks this can be disabled to increase performance.
 455
 456 `-online` `<boolean>` ::
 457
 458 Use online/live migration.
 459
 460 `-targetstorage` `<string>` ::
 461
 462 Default target storage.
 463
 464 `-with-local-disks` `<boolean>` ::
 465
 466 Enable live storage migration for local disk
 467
 468
 469
 470
 471 *qm monitor* `<vmid>`
 472
 473 Enter Qemu Monitor interface.
 474
 475 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 476
 477 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 478
 479
 480
 481
 482 *qm move_disk* `<vmid> <disk> <storage>` `[OPTIONS]`
 483
 484 Move volume to different storage.
 485
 486 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 487
 488 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 489
 490 `<disk>`: `<efidisk0 | ide0 | ide1 | ide2 | ide3 | sata0 | sata1 | sata2 | sata3 | sata4 | sata5 | scsi0 | scsi1 | scsi10 | scsi11 | scsi12 | scsi13 | scsi2 | scsi3 | scsi4 | scsi5 | scsi6 | scsi7 | scsi8 | scsi9 | virtio0 | virtio1 | virtio10 | virtio11 | virtio12 | virtio13 | virtio14 | virtio15 | virtio2 | virtio3 | virtio4 | virtio5 | virtio6 | virtio7 | virtio8 | virtio9>` ::
 491
 492 The disk you want to move.
 493
 494 `<storage>`: `<string>` ::
 495
 496 Target storage.
 497
 498 `-delete` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 499
 500 Delete the original disk after successful copy. By default the original disk is kept as unused disk.
 501
 502 `-digest` `<string>` ::
 503
 504 Prevent changes if current configuration file has different SHA1 digest. This can be used to prevent concurrent modifications.
 505
 506 `-format` `<qcow2 | raw | vmdk>` ::
 507
 508 Target Format.
 509
 510
 511
 512
 513 *qm mtunnel*
 514
 515 Used by qmigrate - do not use manually.
 516
 517
 518
 519 *qm nbdstop* `<vmid>`
 520
 521 Stop embedded nbd server.
 522
 523 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 524
 525 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 526
 527
 528
 529
 530 *qm pending* `<vmid>`
 531
 532 Get virtual machine configuration, including pending changes.
 533
 534 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 535
 536 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 537
 538
 539
 540
 541 *qm rescan* `[OPTIONS]`
 542
 543 Rescan all storages and update disk sizes and unused disk images.
 544
 545 `-vmid` `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 546
 547 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 548
 549
 550
 551
 552 *qm reset* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
 553
 554 Reset virtual machine.
 555
 556 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 557
 558 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 559
 560 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
 561
 562 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
 563
 564
 565
 566 *qm resize* `<vmid> <disk> <size>` `[OPTIONS]`
 567
 568 Extend volume size.
 569
 570 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 571
 572 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 573
 574 `<disk>`: `<efidisk0 | ide0 | ide1 | ide2 | ide3 | sata0 | sata1 | sata2 | sata3 | sata4 | sata5 | scsi0 | scsi1 | scsi10 | scsi11 | scsi12 | scsi13 | scsi2 | scsi3 | scsi4 | scsi5 | scsi6 | scsi7 | scsi8 | scsi9 | virtio0 | virtio1 | virtio10 | virtio11 | virtio12 | virtio13 | virtio14 | virtio15 | virtio2 | virtio3 | virtio4 | virtio5 | virtio6 | virtio7 | virtio8 | virtio9>` ::
 575
 576 The disk you want to resize.
 577
 578 `<size>`: `\+?\d+(\.\d+)?[KMGT]?` ::
 579
 580 The new size. With the `+` sign the value is added to the actual size of the volume and without it, the value is taken as an absolute one. Shrinking disk size is not supported.
 581
 582 `-digest` `<string>` ::
 583
 584 Prevent changes if current configuration file has different SHA1 digest. This can be used to prevent concurrent modifications.
 585
 586 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
 587
 588 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
 589
 590
 591
 592 *qm resume* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
 593
 594 Resume virtual machine.
 595
 596 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 597
 598 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 599
 600 `-nocheck` `<boolean>` ::
 601
 602 no description available
 603
 604 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
 605
 606 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
 607
 608
 609
 610 *qm rollback* `<vmid> <snapname>`
 611
 612 Rollback VM state to specified snapshot.
 613
 614 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 615
 616 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 617
 618 `<snapname>`: `<string>` ::
 619
 620 The name of the snapshot.
 621
 622
 623
 624 *qm sendkey* `<vmid> <key>` `[OPTIONS]`
 625
 626 Send key event to virtual machine.
 627
 628 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 629
 630 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 631
 632 `<key>`: `<string>` ::
 633
 634 The key (qemu monitor encoding).
 635
 636 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
 637
 638 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
 639
 640
 641
 642 *qm set* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
 643
 644 Set virtual machine options (synchrounous API) - You should consider using
 645 the POST method instead for any actions involving hotplug or storage
 646 allocation.
 647
 648 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 649
 650 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 651
 652 `-acpi` `<boolean>` ('default =' `1`)::
 653
 654 Enable/disable ACPI.
 655
 656 `-agent` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 657
 658 Enable/disable Qemu GuestAgent.
 659
 660 `-args` `<string>` ::
 661
 662 Arbitrary arguments passed to kvm.
 663
 664 `-autostart` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 665
 666 Automatic restart after crash (currently ignored).
 667
 668 `-balloon` `<integer> (0 - N)` ::
 669
 670 Amount of target RAM for the VM in MB. Using zero disables the ballon driver.
 671
 672 `-bios` `<ovmf | seabios>` ('default =' `seabios`)::
 673
 674 Select BIOS implementation.
 675
 676 `-boot` `[acdn]{1,4}` ('default =' `cdn`)::
 677
 678 Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), or network (n).
 679
 680 `-bootdisk` `(ide|sata|scsi|virtio)\d+` ::
 681
 682 Enable booting from specified disk.
 683
 684 `-cdrom` `<volume>` ::
 685
 686 This is an alias for option -ide2
 687
 688 `-cores` `<integer> (1 - N)` ('default =' `1`)::
 689
 690 The number of cores per socket.
 691
 692 `-cpu` `[cputype=]<enum> [,hidden=<1|0>]` ::
 693
 694 Emulated CPU type.
 695
 696 `-cpulimit` `<number> (0 - 128)` ('default =' `0`)::
 697
 698 Limit of CPU usage.
 699
 700 `-cpuunits` `<integer> (0 - 500000)` ('default =' `1024`)::
 701
 702 CPU weight for a VM.
 703
 704 `-delete` `<string>` ::
 705
 706 A list of settings you want to delete.
 707
 708 `-description` `<string>` ::
 709
 710 Description for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface. This is saved as comment inside the configuration file.
 711
 712 `-digest` `<string>` ::
 713
 714 Prevent changes if current configuration file has different SHA1 digest. This can be used to prevent concurrent modifications.
 715
 716 `-efidisk0` `[file=]<volume> [,format=<enum>] [,size=<DiskSize>]` ::
 717
 718 Configure a Disk for storing EFI vars
 719
 720 `-force` `<boolean>` ::
 721
 722 Force physical removal. Without this, we simple remove the disk from the config file and create an additional configuration entry called 'unused[n]', which contains the volume ID. Unlink of unused[n] always cause physical removal.
 723 +
 724 NOTE: Requires option(s): `delete`
 725
 726 `-freeze` `<boolean>` ::
 727
 728 Freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' monitor command to start execution).
 729
 730 `-hostpci[n]` `[host=]<HOSTPCIID[;HOSTPCIID2...]> [,pcie=<1|0>] [,rombar=<1|0>] [,romfile=<string>] [,x-vga=<1|0>]` ::
 731
 732 Map host PCI devices into guest.
 733
 734 `-hotplug` `<string>` ('default =' `network,disk,usb`)::
 735
 736 Selectively enable hotplug features. This is a comma separated list of hotplug features: 'network', 'disk', 'cpu', 'memory' and 'usb'. Use '0' to disable hotplug completely. Value '1' is an alias for the default 'network,disk,usb'.
 737
 738 `-hugepages` `<1024 | 2 | any>` ::
 739
 740 Enable/disable hugepages memory.
 741
 742 `-ide[n]` `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,bps_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,cache=<enum>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<enum>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,model=<model>] [,replicate=<1|0>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enum>]` ::
 743
 744 Use volume as IDE hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 3).
 745
 746 `-keyboard` `<da | de | de-ch | en-gb | en-us | es | fi | fr | fr-be | fr-ca | fr-ch | hu | is | it | ja | lt | mk | nl | no | pl | pt | pt-br | sl | sv | tr>` ('default =' `en-us`)::
 747
 748 Keybord layout for vnc server. Default is read from the '/etc/pve/datacenter.conf' configuration file.
 749
 750 `-kvm` `<boolean>` ('default =' `1`)::
 751
 752 Enable/disable KVM hardware virtualization.
 753
 754 `-localtime` `<boolean>` ::
 755
 756 Set the real time clock to local time. This is enabled by default if ostype indicates a Microsoft OS.
 757
 758 `-lock` `<backup | migrate | rollback | snapshot>` ::
 759
 760 Lock/unlock the VM.
 761
 762 `-machine` `(pc|pc(-i440fx)?-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?|q35|pc-q35-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?)` ::
 763
 764 Specific the Qemu machine type.
 765
 766 `-memory` `<integer> (16 - N)` ('default =' `512`)::
 767
 768 Amount of RAM for the VM in MB. This is the maximum available memory when you use the balloon device.
 769
 770 `-migrate_downtime` `<number> (0 - N)` ('default =' `0.1`)::
 771
 772 Set maximum tolerated downtime (in seconds) for migrations.
 773
 774 `-migrate_speed` `<integer> (0 - N)` ('default =' `0`)::
 775
 776 Set maximum speed (in MB/s) for migrations. Value 0 is no limit.
 777
 778 `-name` `<string>` ::
 779
 780 Set a name for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface.
 781
 782 `-net[n]` `[model=]<enum> [,bridge=<bridge>] [,firewall=<1|0>] [,link_down=<1|0>] [,macaddr=<XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX>] [,queues=<integer>] [,rate=<number>] [,tag=<integer>] [,trunks=<vlanid[;vlanid...]>] [,<model>=<macaddr>]` ::
 783
 784 Specify network devices.
 785
 786 `-numa` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 787
 788 Enable/disable NUMA.
 789
 790 `-numa[n]` `cpus=<id[-id];...> [,hostnodes=<id[-id];...>] [,memory=<number>] [,policy=<preferred|bind|interleave>]` ::
 791
 792 NUMA topology.
 793
 794 `-onboot` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 795
 796 Specifies whether a VM will be started during system bootup.
 797
 798 `-ostype` `<l24 | l26 | other | solaris | w2k | w2k3 | w2k8 | win10 | win7 | win8 | wvista | wxp>` ::
 799
 800 Specify guest operating system.
 801
 802 `-parallel[n]` `/dev/parport\d+|/dev/usb/lp\d+` ::
 803
 804 Map host parallel devices (n is 0 to 2).
 805
 806 `-protection` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 807
 808 Sets the protection flag of the VM. This will disable the remove VM and remove disk operations.
 809
 810 `-reboot` `<boolean>` ('default =' `1`)::
 811
 812 Allow reboot. If set to '0' the VM exit on reboot.
 813
 814 `-revert` `<string>` ::
 815
 816 Revert a pending change.
 817
 818 `-sata[n]` `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,bps_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,cache=<enum>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<enum>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,replicate=<1|0>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enum>]` ::
 819
 820 Use volume as SATA hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 5).
 821
 822 `-scsi[n]` `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,bps_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,cache=<enum>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<enum>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,iothread=<1|0>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,queues=<integer>] [,replicate=<1|0>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,scsiblock=<1|0>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enum>]` ::
 823
 824 Use volume as SCSI hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 13).
 825
 826 `-scsihw` `<lsi | lsi53c810 | megasas | pvscsi | virtio-scsi-pci | virtio-scsi-single>` ('default =' `lsi`)::
 827
 828 SCSI controller model
 829
 830 `-serial[n]` `(/dev/.+|socket)` ::
 831
 832 Create a serial device inside the VM (n is 0 to 3)
 833
 834 `-shares` `<integer> (0 - 50000)` ('default =' `1000`)::
 835
 836 Amount of memory shares for auto-ballooning. The larger the number is, the more memory this VM gets. Number is relative to weights of all other running VMs. Using zero disables auto-ballooning
 837
 838 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
 839
 840 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
 841
 842 `-smbios1` `[family=<string>] [,manufacturer=<string>] [,product=<string>] [,serial=<string>] [,sku=<string>] [,uuid=<UUID>] [,version=<string>]` ::
 843
 844 Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields.
 845
 846 `-smp` `<integer> (1 - N)` ('default =' `1`)::
 847
 848 The number of CPUs. Please use option -sockets instead.
 849
 850 `-sockets` `<integer> (1 - N)` ('default =' `1`)::
 851
 852 The number of CPU sockets.
 853
 854 `-startdate` `(now | YYYY-MM-DD | YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS)` ('default =' `now`)::
 855
 856 Set the initial date of the real time clock. Valid format for date are: 'now' or '2006-06-17T16:01:21' or '2006-06-17'.
 857
 858 `-startup` `[[order=]\d+] [,up=\d+] [,down=\d+] ` ::
 859
 860 Startup and shutdown behavior. Order is a non-negative number defining the general startup order. Shutdown in done with reverse ordering. Additionally you can set the 'up' or 'down' delay in seconds, which specifies a delay to wait before the next VM is started or stopped.
 861
 862 `-tablet` `<boolean>` ('default =' `1`)::
 863
 864 Enable/disable the USB tablet device.
 865
 866 `-tdf` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 867
 868 Enable/disable time drift fix.
 869
 870 `-template` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 871
 872 Enable/disable Template.
 873
 874 `-unused[n]` `<string>` ::
 875
 876 Reference to unused volumes. This is used internally, and should not be modified manually.
 877
 878 `-usb[n]` `[host=]<HOSTUSBDEVICE|spice> [,usb3=<1|0>]` ::
 879
 880 Configure an USB device (n is 0 to 4).
 881
 882 `-vcpus` `<integer> (1 - N)` ('default =' `0`)::
 883
 884 Number of hotplugged vcpus.
 885
 886 `-vga` `<cirrus | qxl | qxl2 | qxl3 | qxl4 | serial0 | serial1 | serial2 | serial3 | std | vmware>` ::
 887
 888 Select the VGA type.
 889
 890 `-virtio[n]` `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,bps_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,cache=<enum>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<enum>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max_length=<seconds>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max_length=<seconds>] [,iothread=<1|0>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,replicate=<1|0>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enum>]` ::
 891
 892 Use volume as VIRTIO hard disk (n is 0 to 15).
 893
 894 `-watchdog` `[[model=]<i6300esb|ib700>] [,action=<enum>]` ::
 895
 896 Create a virtual hardware watchdog device.
 897
 898
 899
 900
 901 *qm showcmd* `<vmid>`
 902
 903 Show command line which is used to start the VM (debug info).
 904
 905 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 906
 907 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 908
 909
 910
 911
 912 *qm shutdown* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
 913
 914 Shutdown virtual machine. This is similar to pressing the power button on a
 915 physical machine.This will send an ACPI event for the guest OS, which
 916 should then proceed to a clean shutdown.
 917
 918 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 919
 920 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 921
 922 `-forceStop` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 923
 924 Make sure the VM stops.
 925
 926 `-keepActive` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
 927
 928 Do not deactivate storage volumes.
 929
 930 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
 931
 932 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
 933
 934 `-timeout` `<integer> (0 - N)` ::
 935
 936 Wait maximal timeout seconds.
 937
 938
 939
 940 *qm snapshot* `<vmid> <snapname>` `[OPTIONS]`
 941
 942 Snapshot a VM.
 943
 944 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 945
 946 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 947
 948 `<snapname>`: `<string>` ::
 949
 950 The name of the snapshot.
 951
 952 `-description` `<string>` ::
 953
 954 A textual description or comment.
 955
 956 `-vmstate` `<boolean>` ::
 957
 958 Save the vmstate
 959
 960
 961
 962 *qm start* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
 963
 964 Start virtual machine.
 965
 966 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
 967
 968 The (unique) ID of the VM.
 969
 970 `-machine` `(pc|pc(-i440fx)?-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?|q35|pc-q35-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?)` ::
 971
 972 Specific the Qemu machine type.
 973
 974 `-migratedfrom` `<string>` ::
 975
 976 The cluster node name.
 977
 978 `-migration_network` `<string>` ::
 979
 980 CIDR of the (sub) network that is used for migration.
 981
 982 `-migration_type` `<insecure | secure>` ::
 983
 984 Migration traffic is encrypted using an SSH tunnel by default. On secure, completely private networks this can be disabled to increase performance.
 985
 986 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
 987
 988 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
 989
 990 `-stateuri` `<string>` ::
 991
 992 Some command save/restore state from this location.
 993
 994 `-targetstorage` `<string>` ::
 995
 996 Target storage for the migration. (Can be '1' to use the same storage id as on the source node.)
 997
 998
 999
1000
1001 *qm status* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
1002
1003 Show VM status.
1004
1005 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1006
1007 The (unique) ID of the VM.
1008
1009 `-verbose` `<boolean>` ::
1010
1011 Verbose output format
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016 *qm stop* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
1017
1018 Stop virtual machine. The qemu process will exit immediately. Thisis akin
1019 to pulling the power plug of a running computer and may damage the VM data
1020
1021 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1022
1023 The (unique) ID of the VM.
1024
1025 `-keepActive` `<boolean>` ('default =' `0`)::
1026
1027 Do not deactivate storage volumes.
1028
1029 `-migratedfrom` `<string>` ::
1030
1031 The cluster node name.
1032
1033 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
1034
1035 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
1036
1037 `-timeout` `<integer> (0 - N)` ::
1038
1039 Wait maximal timeout seconds.
1040
1041
1042
1043 *qm suspend* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
1044
1045 Suspend virtual machine.
1046
1047 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1048
1049 The (unique) ID of the VM.
1050
1051 `-skiplock` `<boolean>` ::
1052
1053 Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
1054
1055
1056
1057 *qm template* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
1058
1059 Create a Template.
1060
1061 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1062
1063 The (unique) ID of the VM.
1064
1065 `-disk` `<efidisk0 | ide0 | ide1 | ide2 | ide3 | sata0 | sata1 | sata2 | sata3 | sata4 | sata5 | scsi0 | scsi1 | scsi10 | scsi11 | scsi12 | scsi13 | scsi2 | scsi3 | scsi4 | scsi5 | scsi6 | scsi7 | scsi8 | scsi9 | virtio0 | virtio1 | virtio10 | virtio11 | virtio12 | virtio13 | virtio14 | virtio15 | virtio2 | virtio3 | virtio4 | virtio5 | virtio6 | virtio7 | virtio8 | virtio9>` ::
1066
1067 If you want to convert only 1 disk to base image.
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072 *qm terminal* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
1073
1074 Open a terminal using a serial device (The VM need to have a serial device
1075 configured, for example 'serial0: socket')
1076
1077 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1078
1079 The (unique) ID of the VM.
1080
1081 `-iface` `<serial0 | serial1 | serial2 | serial3>` ::
1082
1083 Select the serial device. By default we simply use the first suitable device.
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088 *qm unlink* `<vmid> -idlist <string>` `[OPTIONS]`
1089
1090 Unlink/delete disk images.
1091
1092 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1093
1094 The (unique) ID of the VM.
1095
1096 `-force` `<boolean>` ::
1097
1098 Force physical removal. Without this, we simple remove the disk from the config file and create an additional configuration entry called 'unused[n]', which contains the volume ID. Unlink of unused[n] always cause physical removal.
1099
1100 `-idlist` `<string>` ::
1101
1102 A list of disk IDs you want to delete.
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107 *qm unlock* `<vmid>`
1108
1109 Unlock the VM.
1110
1111 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1112
1113 The (unique) ID of the VM.
1114
1115
1116
1117 *qm vncproxy* `<vmid>`
1118
1119 Proxy VM VNC traffic to stdin/stdout
1120
1121 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1122
1123 The (unique) ID of the VM.
1124
1125
1126
1127 *qm wait* `<vmid>` `[OPTIONS]`
1128
1129 Wait until the VM is stopped.
1130
1131 `<vmid>`: `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1132
1133 The (unique) ID of the VM.
1134
1135 `-timeout` `<integer> (1 - N)` ::
1136
1137 Timeout in seconds. Default is to wait forever.
1138
1139
1140
1141