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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" []>
4
5<book id="LinuxKernelAPI">
6 <bookinfo>
7 <title>The Linux Kernel API</title>
8
9 <legalnotice>
10 <para>
11 This documentation is free software; you can redistribute
12 it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
13 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
14 version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
15 version.
16 </para>
17
18 <para>
19 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
20 useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
21 warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
22 See the GNU General Public License for more details.
23 </para>
24
25 <para>
26 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
27 License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
28 Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
29 MA 02111-1307 USA
30 </para>
31
32 <para>
33 For more details see the file COPYING in the source
34 distribution of Linux.
35 </para>
36 </legalnotice>
37 </bookinfo>
38
39<toc></toc>
40
41 <chapter id="Basics">
42 <title>Driver Basics</title>
43 <sect1><title>Driver Entry and Exit points</title>
44!Iinclude/linux/init.h
45 </sect1>
46
47 <sect1><title>Atomic and pointer manipulation</title>
48!Iinclude/asm-i386/atomic.h
49!Iinclude/asm-i386/unaligned.h
50 </sect1>
51
1da177e4 52 <sect1><title>Delaying, scheduling, and timer routines</title>
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53!Iinclude/linux/sched.h
54!Ekernel/sched.c
55!Ekernel/timer.c
1da177e4 56 </sect1>
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57 <sect1><title>Internal Functions</title>
58!Ikernel/exit.c
59!Ikernel/signal.c
60 </sect1>
61
62 <sect1><title>Kernel objects manipulation</title>
63<!--
64X!Iinclude/linux/kobject.h
65-->
66!Elib/kobject.c
67 </sect1>
68
69 <sect1><title>Kernel utility functions</title>
70!Iinclude/linux/kernel.h
71<!-- This needs to clean up to make kernel-doc happy
72X!Ekernel/printk.c
73 -->
74!Ekernel/panic.c
75!Ekernel/sys.c
76!Ekernel/rcupdate.c
77 </sect1>
78
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79 </chapter>
80
81 <chapter id="adt">
82 <title>Data Types</title>
83 <sect1><title>Doubly Linked Lists</title>
84!Iinclude/linux/list.h
85 </sect1>
86 </chapter>
87
88 <chapter id="libc">
89 <title>Basic C Library Functions</title>
90
91 <para>
92 When writing drivers, you cannot in general use routines which are
93 from the C Library. Some of the functions have been found generally
94 useful and they are listed below. The behaviour of these functions
95 may vary slightly from those defined by ANSI, and these deviations
96 are noted in the text.
97 </para>
98
99 <sect1><title>String Conversions</title>
100!Ilib/vsprintf.c
101!Elib/vsprintf.c
102 </sect1>
103 <sect1><title>String Manipulation</title>
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104<!-- All functions are exported at now
105X!Ilib/string.c
106 -->
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107!Elib/string.c
108 </sect1>
109 <sect1><title>Bit Operations</title>
110!Iinclude/asm-i386/bitops.h
111 </sect1>
112 </chapter>
113
114 <chapter id="mm">
115 <title>Memory Management in Linux</title>
116 <sect1><title>The Slab Cache</title>
117!Emm/slab.c
118 </sect1>
119 <sect1><title>User Space Memory Access</title>
120!Iinclude/asm-i386/uaccess.h
121!Iarch/i386/lib/usercopy.c
122 </sect1>
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123 <sect1><title>More Memory Management Functions</title>
124!Iinclude/linux/rmap.h
125!Emm/readahead.c
126!Emm/filemap.c
127!Emm/memory.c
128!Emm/vmalloc.c
129!Emm/mempool.c
130!Emm/page-writeback.c
131!Emm/truncate.c
132 </sect1>
133 </chapter>
134
135
136 <chapter id="ipc">
137 <title>Kernel IPC facilities</title>
138
139 <sect1><title>IPC utilities</title>
140!Iipc/util.c
141 </sect1>
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142 </chapter>
143
144 <chapter id="kfifo">
145 <title>FIFO Buffer</title>
146 <sect1><title>kfifo interface</title>
147!Iinclude/linux/kfifo.h
148!Ekernel/kfifo.c
149 </sect1>
150 </chapter>
151
152 <chapter id="proc">
153 <title>The proc filesystem</title>
154
155 <sect1><title>sysctl interface</title>
156!Ekernel/sysctl.c
157 </sect1>
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158
159 <sect1><title>proc filesystem interface</title>
160!Ifs/proc/base.c
161 </sect1>
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162 </chapter>
163
164 <chapter id="debugfs">
165 <title>The debugfs filesystem</title>
166
167 <sect1><title>debugfs interface</title>
168!Efs/debugfs/inode.c
169!Efs/debugfs/file.c
170 </sect1>
171 </chapter>
172
173 <chapter id="vfs">
174 <title>The Linux VFS</title>
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175 <sect1><title>The Filesystem types</title>
176!Iinclude/linux/fs.h
177!Einclude/linux/fs.h
178 </sect1>
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179 <sect1><title>The Directory Cache</title>
180!Efs/dcache.c
181!Iinclude/linux/dcache.h
182 </sect1>
183 <sect1><title>Inode Handling</title>
184!Efs/inode.c
185!Efs/bad_inode.c
186 </sect1>
187 <sect1><title>Registration and Superblocks</title>
188!Efs/super.c
189 </sect1>
190 <sect1><title>File Locks</title>
191!Efs/locks.c
192!Ifs/locks.c
193 </sect1>
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194 <sect1><title>Other Functions</title>
195!Efs/mpage.c
196!Efs/namei.c
197!Efs/buffer.c
198!Efs/bio.c
199!Efs/seq_file.c
200!Efs/filesystems.c
201!Efs/fs-writeback.c
202!Efs/block_dev.c
203 </sect1>
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204 </chapter>
205
206 <chapter id="netcore">
207 <title>Linux Networking</title>
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208 <sect1><title>Networking Base Types</title>
209!Iinclude/linux/net.h
210 </sect1>
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211 <sect1><title>Socket Buffer Functions</title>
212!Iinclude/linux/skbuff.h
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213!Iinclude/net/sock.h
214!Enet/socket.c
1da177e4 215!Enet/core/skbuff.c
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216!Enet/core/sock.c
217!Enet/core/datagram.c
218!Enet/core/stream.c
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219 </sect1>
220 <sect1><title>Socket Filter</title>
221!Enet/core/filter.c
222 </sect1>
223 <sect1><title>Generic Network Statistics</title>
224!Iinclude/linux/gen_stats.h
225!Enet/core/gen_stats.c
226!Enet/core/gen_estimator.c
227 </sect1>
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228 <sect1><title>SUN RPC subsystem</title>
229<!-- The !D functionality is not perfect, garbage has to be protected by comments
230!Dnet/sunrpc/sunrpc_syms.c
231-->
232!Enet/sunrpc/xdr.c
233!Enet/sunrpc/svcsock.c
234!Enet/sunrpc/sched.c
235 </sect1>
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236 </chapter>
237
238 <chapter id="netdev">
239 <title>Network device support</title>
240 <sect1><title>Driver Support</title>
241!Enet/core/dev.c
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242!Enet/ethernet/eth.c
243!Einclude/linux/etherdevice.h
244!Enet/core/wireless.c
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245 </sect1>
246 <sect1><title>Synchronous PPP</title>
247!Edrivers/net/wan/syncppp.c
248 </sect1>
249 </chapter>
250
251 <chapter id="modload">
252 <title>Module Support</title>
253 <sect1><title>Module Loading</title>
254!Ekernel/kmod.c
255 </sect1>
256 <sect1><title>Inter Module support</title>
257 <para>
258 Refer to the file kernel/module.c for more information.
259 </para>
260<!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
261X!Ekernel/module.c
262-->
263 </sect1>
264 </chapter>
265
266 <chapter id="hardware">
267 <title>Hardware Interfaces</title>
268 <sect1><title>Interrupt Handling</title>
3d41088f 269!Ikernel/irq/manage.c
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270 </sect1>
271
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272 <sect1><title>Resources Management</title>
273!Ekernel/resource.c
274 </sect1>
275
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276 <sect1><title>MTRR Handling</title>
277!Earch/i386/kernel/cpu/mtrr/main.c
278 </sect1>
279 <sect1><title>PCI Support Library</title>
280!Edrivers/pci/pci.c
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281!Edrivers/pci/pci-driver.c
282!Edrivers/pci/remove.c
283!Edrivers/pci/pci-acpi.c
284<!-- kerneldoc does not understand to __devinit
285X!Edrivers/pci/search.c
286 -->
287!Edrivers/pci/msi.c
288!Edrivers/pci/bus.c
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289<!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
290X!Edrivers/pci/hotplug.c
291-->
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292!Edrivers/pci/probe.c
293!Edrivers/pci/rom.c
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294 </sect1>
295 <sect1><title>PCI Hotplug Support Library</title>
296!Edrivers/pci/hotplug/pci_hotplug_core.c
297 </sect1>
298 <sect1><title>MCA Architecture</title>
299 <sect2><title>MCA Device Functions</title>
300 <para>
301 Refer to the file arch/i386/kernel/mca.c for more information.
302 </para>
303<!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
304X!Earch/i386/kernel/mca.c
305-->
306 </sect2>
307 <sect2><title>MCA Bus DMA</title>
308!Iinclude/asm-i386/mca_dma.h
309 </sect2>
310 </sect1>
311 </chapter>
312
313 <chapter id="devfs">
314 <title>The Device File System</title>
315!Efs/devfs/base.c
316 </chapter>
317
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318 <chapter id="sysfs">
319 <title>The Filesystem for Exporting Kernel Objects</title>
320!Efs/sysfs/file.c
321!Efs/sysfs/dir.c
322!Efs/sysfs/symlink.c
323!Efs/sysfs/bin.c
324 </chapter>
325
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326 <chapter id="security">
327 <title>Security Framework</title>
328!Esecurity/security.c
329 </chapter>
330
331 <chapter id="pmfuncs">
332 <title>Power Management</title>
333!Ekernel/power/pm.c
334 </chapter>
335
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336 <chapter id="devdrivers">
337 <title>Device drivers infrastructure</title>
338 <sect1><title>Device Drivers Base</title>
339<!--
340X!Iinclude/linux/device.h
341-->
342!Edrivers/base/driver.c
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343!Edrivers/base/core.c
344!Edrivers/base/firmware_class.c
345!Edrivers/base/transport_class.c
346!Edrivers/base/dmapool.c
347<!-- Cannot be included, because
348 attribute_container_add_class_device_adapter
349 and attribute_container_classdev_to_container
350 exceed allowed 44 characters maximum
351X!Edrivers/base/attribute_container.c
352-->
353!Edrivers/base/sys.c
354<!--
355X!Edrivers/base/interface.c
356-->
357!Edrivers/base/platform.c
358!Edrivers/base/bus.c
359 </sect1>
360 <sect1><title>Device Drivers Power Management</title>
361!Edrivers/base/power/main.c
362!Edrivers/base/power/resume.c
363!Edrivers/base/power/suspend.c
364 </sect1>
365 <sect1><title>Device Drivers ACPI Support</title>
366<!-- Internal functions only
367X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/main.c
368X!Edrivers/acpi/sleep/wakeup.c
369X!Edrivers/acpi/motherboard.c
370X!Edrivers/acpi/bus.c
371-->
372!Edrivers/acpi/scan.c
373<!-- No correct structured comments
374X!Edrivers/acpi/pci_bind.c
375-->
376 </sect1>
377 <sect1><title>Device drivers PnP support</title>
378!Edrivers/pnp/core.c
379<!-- No correct structured comments
380X!Edrivers/pnp/system.c
381 -->
382!Edrivers/pnp/card.c
383!Edrivers/pnp/driver.c
384!Edrivers/pnp/manager.c
385!Edrivers/pnp/support.c
386 </sect1>
387 </chapter>
388
389
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390 <chapter id="blkdev">
391 <title>Block Devices</title>
392!Edrivers/block/ll_rw_blk.c
393 </chapter>
394
395 <chapter id="miscdev">
396 <title>Miscellaneous Devices</title>
397!Edrivers/char/misc.c
398 </chapter>
399
400 <chapter id="viddev">
401 <title>Video4Linux</title>
402!Edrivers/media/video/videodev.c
403 </chapter>
404
405 <chapter id="snddev">
406 <title>Sound Devices</title>
4dc3b16b 407!Iinclude/sound/core.h
1da177e4 408!Esound/sound_core.c
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409!Iinclude/sound/pcm.h
410!Esound/core/pcm.c
411!Esound/core/device.c
412!Esound/core/info.c
413!Esound/core/rawmidi.c
414!Esound/core/sound.c
415!Esound/core/memory.c
416!Esound/core/pcm_memory.c
417!Esound/core/init.c
418!Esound/core/isadma.c
419!Esound/core/control.c
420!Esound/core/pcm_lib.c
421!Esound/core/hwdep.c
422!Esound/core/pcm_native.c
423!Esound/core/memalloc.c
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424<!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
425X!Isound/sound_firmware.c
426-->
427 </chapter>
428
429 <chapter id="uart16x50">
430 <title>16x50 UART Driver</title>
4dc3b16b 431!Iinclude/linux/serial_core.h
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432!Edrivers/serial/serial_core.c
433!Edrivers/serial/8250.c
434 </chapter>
435
436 <chapter id="z85230">
437 <title>Z85230 Support Library</title>
438!Edrivers/net/wan/z85230.c
439 </chapter>
440
441 <chapter id="fbdev">
442 <title>Frame Buffer Library</title>
443
444 <para>
445 The frame buffer drivers depend heavily on four data structures.
446 These structures are declared in include/linux/fb.h. They are
447 fb_info, fb_var_screeninfo, fb_fix_screeninfo and fb_monospecs.
448 The last three can be made available to and from userland.
449 </para>
450
451 <para>
452 fb_info defines the current state of a particular video card.
453 Inside fb_info, there exists a fb_ops structure which is a
454 collection of needed functions to make fbdev and fbcon work.
455 fb_info is only visible to the kernel.
456 </para>
457
458 <para>
459 fb_var_screeninfo is used to describe the features of a video card
460 that are user defined. With fb_var_screeninfo, things such as
461 depth and the resolution may be defined.
462 </para>
463
464 <para>
465 The next structure is fb_fix_screeninfo. This defines the
466 properties of a card that are created when a mode is set and can't
467 be changed otherwise. A good example of this is the start of the
468 frame buffer memory. This "locks" the address of the frame buffer
469 memory, so that it cannot be changed or moved.
470 </para>
471
472 <para>
473 The last structure is fb_monospecs. In the old API, there was
474 little importance for fb_monospecs. This allowed for forbidden things
475 such as setting a mode of 800x600 on a fix frequency monitor. With
476 the new API, fb_monospecs prevents such things, and if used
477 correctly, can prevent a monitor from being cooked. fb_monospecs
478 will not be useful until kernels 2.5.x.
479 </para>
480
481 <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Memory</title>
482!Edrivers/video/fbmem.c
483 </sect1>
4dc3b16b 484<!--
1da177e4 485 <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Console</title>
4dc3b16b 486X!Edrivers/video/console/fbcon.c
1da177e4 487 </sect1>
4dc3b16b 488-->
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489 <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Colormap</title>
490!Edrivers/video/fbcmap.c
491 </sect1>
492<!-- FIXME:
493 drivers/video/fbgen.c has no docs, which stuffs up the sgml. Comment
494 out until somebody adds docs. KAO
495 <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Generic Functions</title>
496X!Idrivers/video/fbgen.c
497 </sect1>
498KAO -->
499 <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Video Mode Database</title>
500!Idrivers/video/modedb.c
501!Edrivers/video/modedb.c
502 </sect1>
503 <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Macintosh Video Mode Database</title>
504!Idrivers/video/macmodes.c
505 </sect1>
506 <sect1><title>Frame Buffer Fonts</title>
507 <para>
508 Refer to the file drivers/video/console/fonts.c for more information.
509 </para>
510<!-- FIXME: Removed for now since no structured comments in source
511X!Idrivers/video/console/fonts.c
512-->
513 </sect1>
514 </chapter>
515</book>