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1 | |
2 | ||
3 | HOWTO for the linux packet generator | |
4 | ------------------------------------ | |
5 | ||
6 | Date: 041221 | |
7 | ||
8 | Enable CONFIG_NET_PKTGEN to compile and build pktgen.o either in kernel | |
9 | or as module. Module is preferred. insmod pktgen if needed. Once running | |
3f6dee9b | 10 | pktgen creates a thread on each CPU where each thread has affinity to its CPU. |
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11 | Monitoring and controlling is done via /proc. Easiest to select a suitable |
12 | a sample script and configure. | |
13 | ||
14 | On a dual CPU: | |
15 | ||
16 | ps aux | grep pkt | |
17 | root 129 0.3 0.0 0 0 ? SW 2003 523:20 [pktgen/0] | |
18 | root 130 0.3 0.0 0 0 ? SW 2003 509:50 [pktgen/1] | |
19 | ||
20 | ||
2fe0ae78 | 21 | For monitoring and control pktgen creates: |
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22 | /proc/net/pktgen/pgctrl |
23 | /proc/net/pktgen/kpktgend_X | |
24 | /proc/net/pktgen/ethX | |
25 | ||
26 | ||
27 | Viewing threads | |
28 | =============== | |
29 | /proc/net/pktgen/kpktgend_0 | |
30 | Name: kpktgend_0 max_before_softirq: 10000 | |
31 | Running: | |
32 | Stopped: eth1 | |
33 | Result: OK: max_before_softirq=10000 | |
34 | ||
3f6dee9b | 35 | Most important the devices assigned to thread. Note! A device can only belong |
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36 | to one thread. |
37 | ||
38 | ||
39 | Viewing devices | |
40 | =============== | |
41 | ||
42 | Parm section holds configured info. Current hold running stats. | |
43 | Result is printed after run or after interruption. Example: | |
44 | ||
45 | /proc/net/pktgen/eth1 | |
46 | ||
47 | Params: count 10000000 min_pkt_size: 60 max_pkt_size: 60 | |
48 | frags: 0 delay: 0 clone_skb: 1000000 ifname: eth1 | |
49 | flows: 0 flowlen: 0 | |
50 | dst_min: 10.10.11.2 dst_max: | |
51 | src_min: src_max: | |
52 | src_mac: 00:00:00:00:00:00 dst_mac: 00:04:23:AC:FD:82 | |
53 | udp_src_min: 9 udp_src_max: 9 udp_dst_min: 9 udp_dst_max: 9 | |
54 | src_mac_count: 0 dst_mac_count: 0 | |
55 | Flags: | |
56 | Current: | |
57 | pkts-sofar: 10000000 errors: 39664 | |
58 | started: 1103053986245187us stopped: 1103053999346329us idle: 880401us | |
59 | seq_num: 10000011 cur_dst_mac_offset: 0 cur_src_mac_offset: 0 | |
60 | cur_saddr: 0x10a0a0a cur_daddr: 0x20b0a0a | |
61 | cur_udp_dst: 9 cur_udp_src: 9 | |
62 | flows: 0 | |
63 | Result: OK: 13101142(c12220741+d880401) usec, 10000000 (60byte,0frags) | |
64 | 763292pps 390Mb/sec (390805504bps) errors: 39664 | |
65 | ||
5d3f083d ML |
66 | Configuring threads and devices |
67 | ================================ | |
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68 | This is done via the /proc interface easiest done via pgset in the scripts |
69 | ||
70 | Examples: | |
71 | ||
72 | pgset "clone_skb 1" sets the number of copies of the same packet | |
73 | pgset "clone_skb 0" use single SKB for all transmits | |
74 | pgset "pkt_size 9014" sets packet size to 9014 | |
75 | pgset "frags 5" packet will consist of 5 fragments | |
76 | pgset "count 200000" sets number of packets to send, set to zero | |
d0f19d82 | 77 | for continuous sends until explicitly stopped. |
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78 | |
79 | pgset "delay 5000" adds delay to hard_start_xmit(). nanoseconds | |
80 | ||
81 | pgset "dst 10.0.0.1" sets IP destination address | |
82 | (BEWARE! This generator is very aggressive!) | |
83 | ||
84 | pgset "dst_min 10.0.0.1" Same as dst | |
85 | pgset "dst_max 10.0.0.254" Set the maximum destination IP. | |
86 | pgset "src_min 10.0.0.1" Set the minimum (or only) source IP. | |
87 | pgset "src_max 10.0.0.254" Set the maximum source IP. | |
88 | pgset "dst6 fec0::1" IPV6 destination address | |
89 | pgset "src6 fec0::2" IPV6 source address | |
90 | pgset "dstmac 00:00:00:00:00:00" sets MAC destination address | |
91 | pgset "srcmac 00:00:00:00:00:00" sets MAC source address | |
92 | ||
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93 | pgset "queue_map_min 0" Sets the min value of tx queue interval |
94 | pgset "queue_map_max 7" Sets the max value of tx queue interval, for multiqueue devices | |
95 | To select queue 1 of a given device, | |
96 | use queue_map_min=1 and queue_map_max=1 | |
97 | ||
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98 | pgset "src_mac_count 1" Sets the number of MACs we'll range through. |
99 | The 'minimum' MAC is what you set with srcmac. | |
100 | ||
101 | pgset "dst_mac_count 1" Sets the number of MACs we'll range through. | |
102 | The 'minimum' MAC is what you set with dstmac. | |
103 | ||
104 | pgset "flag [name]" Set a flag to determine behaviour. Current flags | |
105 | are: IPSRC_RND #IP Source is random (between min/max), | |
106 | IPDST_RND, UDPSRC_RND, | |
107 | UDPDST_RND, MACSRC_RND, MACDST_RND | |
f0e82fd0 | 108 | MPLS_RND, VID_RND, SVID_RND |
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109 | QUEUE_MAP_RND # queue map random |
110 | QUEUE_MAP_CPU # queue map mirrors smp_processor_id() | |
e5f79d11 | 111 | IPSEC # Make IPsec encapsulation for packet |
896a7cf8 | 112 | |
e5f79d11 | 113 | pgset spi SPI_VALUE Set specific SA used to transform packet. |
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114 | |
115 | pgset "udp_src_min 9" set UDP source port min, If < udp_src_max, then | |
116 | cycle through the port range. | |
117 | ||
118 | pgset "udp_src_max 9" set UDP source port max. | |
119 | pgset "udp_dst_min 9" set UDP destination port min, If < udp_dst_max, then | |
120 | cycle through the port range. | |
121 | pgset "udp_dst_max 9" set UDP destination port max. | |
122 | ||
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123 | pgset "mpls 0001000a,0002000a,0000000a" set MPLS labels (in this example |
124 | outer label=16,middle label=32, | |
125 | inner label=0 (IPv4 NULL)) Note that | |
126 | there must be no spaces between the | |
127 | arguments. Leading zeros are required. | |
128 | Do not set the bottom of stack bit, | |
fa00e7e1 | 129 | that's done automatically. If you do |
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130 | set the bottom of stack bit, that |
131 | indicates that you want to randomly | |
132 | generate that address and the flag | |
133 | MPLS_RND will be turned on. You | |
134 | can have any mix of random and fixed | |
135 | labels in the label stack. | |
136 | ||
137 | pgset "mpls 0" turn off mpls (or any invalid argument works too!) | |
138 | ||
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139 | pgset "vlan_id 77" set VLAN ID 0-4095 |
140 | pgset "vlan_p 3" set priority bit 0-7 (default 0) | |
141 | pgset "vlan_cfi 0" set canonical format identifier 0-1 (default 0) | |
142 | ||
143 | pgset "svlan_id 22" set SVLAN ID 0-4095 | |
144 | pgset "svlan_p 3" set priority bit 0-7 (default 0) | |
145 | pgset "svlan_cfi 0" set canonical format identifier 0-1 (default 0) | |
146 | ||
147 | pgset "vlan_id 9999" > 4095 remove vlan and svlan tags | |
148 | pgset "svlan 9999" > 4095 remove svlan tag | |
149 | ||
150 | ||
151 | pgset "tos XX" set former IPv4 TOS field (e.g. "tos 28" for AF11 no ECN, default 00) | |
152 | pgset "traffic_class XX" set former IPv6 TRAFFIC CLASS (e.g. "traffic_class B8" for EF no ECN, default 00) | |
153 | ||
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154 | pgset stop aborts injection. Also, ^C aborts generator. |
155 | ||
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156 | pgset "rate 300M" set rate to 300 Mb/s |
157 | pgset "ratep 1000000" set rate to 1Mpps | |
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158 | |
159 | Example scripts | |
160 | =============== | |
161 | ||
fff9289b | 162 | A collection of small tutorial scripts for pktgen is in examples dir. |
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163 | |
164 | pktgen.conf-1-1 # 1 CPU 1 dev | |
165 | pktgen.conf-1-2 # 1 CPU 2 dev | |
166 | pktgen.conf-2-1 # 2 CPU's 1 dev | |
167 | pktgen.conf-2-2 # 2 CPU's 2 dev | |
168 | pktgen.conf-1-1-rdos # 1 CPU 1 dev w. route DoS | |
169 | pktgen.conf-1-1-ip6 # 1 CPU 1 dev ipv6 | |
170 | pktgen.conf-1-1-ip6-rdos # 1 CPU 1 dev ipv6 w. route DoS | |
171 | pktgen.conf-1-1-flows # 1 CPU 1 dev multiple flows. | |
172 | ||
173 | Run in shell: ./pktgen.conf-X-Y It does all the setup including sending. | |
174 | ||
175 | ||
176 | Interrupt affinity | |
177 | =================== | |
178 | Note when adding devices to a specific CPU there good idea to also assign | |
179 | /proc/irq/XX/smp_affinity so the TX-interrupts gets bound to the same CPU. | |
180 | as this reduces cache bouncing when freeing skb's. | |
181 | ||
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182 | Enable IPsec |
183 | ============ | |
184 | Default IPsec transformation with ESP encapsulation plus Transport mode | |
185 | could be enabled by simply setting: | |
186 | ||
187 | pgset "flag IPSEC" | |
188 | pgset "flows 1" | |
189 | ||
190 | To avoid breaking existing testbed scripts for using AH type and tunnel mode, | |
191 | user could use "pgset spi SPI_VALUE" to specify which formal of transformation | |
192 | to employ. | |
193 | ||
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194 | |
195 | Current commands and configuration options | |
196 | ========================================== | |
197 | ||
198 | ** Pgcontrol commands: | |
199 | ||
200 | start | |
201 | stop | |
202 | ||
203 | ** Thread commands: | |
204 | ||
205 | add_device | |
206 | rem_device_all | |
207 | max_before_softirq | |
208 | ||
209 | ||
210 | ** Device commands: | |
211 | ||
212 | count | |
213 | clone_skb | |
214 | debug | |
215 | ||
216 | frags | |
217 | delay | |
218 | ||
219 | src_mac_count | |
220 | dst_mac_count | |
221 | ||
222 | pkt_size | |
223 | min_pkt_size | |
224 | max_pkt_size | |
225 | ||
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226 | mpls |
227 | ||
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228 | udp_src_min |
229 | udp_src_max | |
230 | ||
231 | udp_dst_min | |
232 | udp_dst_max | |
233 | ||
234 | flag | |
235 | IPSRC_RND | |
236 | TXSIZE_RND | |
237 | IPDST_RND | |
238 | UDPSRC_RND | |
239 | UDPDST_RND | |
240 | MACSRC_RND | |
241 | MACDST_RND | |
e5f79d11 | 242 | IPSEC |
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243 | |
244 | dst_min | |
245 | dst_max | |
246 | ||
247 | src_min | |
248 | src_max | |
249 | ||
250 | dst_mac | |
251 | src_mac | |
252 | ||
253 | clear_counters | |
254 | ||
255 | dst6 | |
256 | src6 | |
257 | ||
258 | flows | |
259 | flowlen | |
260 | ||
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261 | rate |
262 | ratep | |
263 | ||
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264 | References: |
265 | ftp://robur.slu.se/pub/Linux/net-development/pktgen-testing/ | |
266 | ftp://robur.slu.se/pub/Linux/net-development/pktgen-testing/examples/ | |
267 | ||
268 | Paper from Linux-Kongress in Erlangen 2004. | |
269 | ftp://robur.slu.se/pub/Linux/net-development/pktgen-testing/pktgen_paper.pdf | |
270 | ||
271 | Thanks to: | |
272 | Grant Grundler for testing on IA-64 and parisc, Harald Welte, Lennert Buytenhek | |
273 | Stephen Hemminger, Andi Kleen, Dave Miller and many others. | |
274 | ||
275 | ||
ca6549af | 276 | Good luck with the linux net-development. |