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1 | c-qcam - Connectix Color QuickCam video4linux kernel driver |
2 | ||
3 | Copyright (C) 1999 Dave Forrest <drf5n@virginia.edu> | |
4 | released under GNU GPL. | |
5 | ||
6 | 1999-12-08 Dave Forrest, written with kernel version 2.2.12 in mind | |
7 | ||
8 | ||
9 | Table of Contents | |
10 | ||
11 | 1.0 Introduction | |
12 | 2.0 Compilation, Installation, and Configuration | |
13 | 3.0 Troubleshooting | |
14 | 4.0 Future Work / current work arounds | |
15 | 9.0 Sample Program, v4lgrab | |
16 | 10.0 Other Information | |
17 | ||
18 | ||
19 | 1.0 Introduction | |
20 | ||
21 | The file ../drivers/char/c-qcam.c is a device driver for the | |
22 | Logitech (nee Connectix) parallel port interface color CCD camera. | |
23 | This is a fairly inexpensive device for capturing images. Logitech | |
24 | does not currently provide information for developers, but many people | |
25 | have engineered several solutions for non-Microsoft use of the Color | |
26 | Quickcam. | |
27 | ||
28 | 1.1 Motivation | |
29 | ||
30 | I spent a number of hours trying to get my camera to work, and I | |
31 | hope this document saves you some time. My camera will not work with | |
32 | the 2.2.13 kernel as distributed, but with a few patches to the | |
33 | module, I was able to grab some frames. See 4.0, Future Work. | |
34 | ||
35 | ||
36 | ||
37 | 2.0 Compilation, Installation, and Configuration | |
38 | ||
39 | The c-qcam depends on parallel port support, video4linux, and the | |
40 | Color Quickcam. It is also nice to have the parallel port readback | |
41 | support enabled. I enabled these as modules during the kernel | |
42 | configuration. The appropriate flags are: | |
43 | ||
44 | CONFIG_PRINTER M for lp.o, parport.o parport_pc.o modules | |
45 | CONFIG_PNP_PARPORT M for autoprobe.o IEEE1284 readback module | |
46 | CONFIG_PRINTER_READBACK M for parport_probe.o IEEE1284 readback module | |
47 | CONFIG_VIDEO_DEV M for videodev.o video4linux module | |
48 | CONFIG_VIDEO_CQCAM M for c-qcam.o Color Quickcam module | |
49 | ||
50 | With these flags, the kernel should compile and install the modules. | |
51 | To record and monitor the compilation, I use: | |
52 | ||
53 | (make zlilo ; \ | |
54 | make modules; \ | |
55 | make modules_install ; | |
56 | depmod -a ) &>log & | |
57 | less log # then a capital 'F' to watch the progress | |
58 | ||
59 | But that is my personal preference. | |
60 | ||
61 | 2.2 Configuration | |
62 | ||
63 | The configuration requires module configuration and device | |
64 | configuration. I like kmod or kerneld process with the | |
65 | /etc/modprobe.conf file so the modules can automatically load/unload as | |
66 | they are used. The video devices could already exist, be generated | |
67 | using MAKEDEV, or need to be created. The following sections detail | |
68 | these procedures. | |
69 | ||
70 | ||
71 | 2.1 Module Configuration | |
72 | ||
73 | Using modules requires a bit of work to install and pass the | |
74 | parameters. Understand that entries in /etc/modprobe.conf of: | |
75 | ||
76 | alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc | |
77 | options parport_pc io=0x378 irq=none | |
78 | alias char-major-81 videodev | |
79 | alias char-major-81-0 c-qcam | |
80 | ||
81 | will cause the kmod/modprobe to do certain things. If you are | |
82 | using kmod, then a request for a 'char-major-81-0' will cause | |
83 | the 'c-qcam' module to load. If you have other video sources with | |
84 | modules, you might want to assign the different minor numbers to | |
85 | different modules. | |
86 | ||
87 | 2.2 Device Configuration | |
88 | ||
89 | At this point, we need to ensure that the device files exist. | |
90 | Video4linux used the /dev/video* files, and we want to attach the | |
91 | Quickcam to one of these. | |
92 | ||
93 | ls -lad /dev/video* # should produce a list of the video devices | |
94 | ||
95 | If the video devices do not exist, you can create them with: | |
96 | ||
97 | su | |
98 | cd /dev | |
99 | for ii in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ; do | |
100 | mknod video$ii c 81 $ii # char-major-81-[0-16] | |
101 | chown root.root video$ii # owned by root | |
102 | chmod 600 video$ii # read/writable by root only | |
103 | done | |
104 | ||
105 | Lots of people connect video0 to video and bttv, but you might want | |
106 | your c-qcam to mean something more: | |
107 | ||
108 | ln -s video0 c-qcam # make /dev/c-qcam a working file | |
109 | ln -s c-qcam video # make /dev/c-qcam your default video source | |
110 | ||
111 | But these are conveniences. The important part is to make the proper | |
112 | special character files with the right major and minor numbers. All | |
113 | of the special device files are listed in ../devices.txt. If you | |
114 | would like the c-qcam readable by non-root users, you will need to | |
115 | change the permissions. | |
116 | ||
117 | 3.0 Troubleshooting | |
118 | ||
119 | If the sample program below, v4lgrab, gives you output then | |
120 | everything is working. | |
121 | ||
122 | v4lgrab | wc # should give you a count of characters | |
123 | ||
124 | Otherwise, you have some problem. | |
125 | ||
126 | The c-qcam is IEEE1284 compatible, so if you are using the proc file | |
127 | system (CONFIG_PROC_FS), the parallel printer support | |
128 | (CONFIG_PRINTER), the IEEE 1284 system,(CONFIG_PRINTER_READBACK), you | |
129 | should be able to read some identification from your quickcam with | |
130 | ||
131 | modprobe -v parport | |
132 | modprobe -v parport_probe | |
133 | cat /proc/parport/PORTNUMBER/autoprobe | |
134 | Returns: | |
135 | CLASS:MEDIA; | |
136 | MODEL:Color QuickCam 2.0; | |
137 | MANUFACTURER:Connectix; | |
138 | ||
139 | A good response to this indicates that your color quickcam is alive | |
140 | and well. A common problem is that the current driver does not | |
141 | reliably detect a c-qcam, even though one is attached. In this case, | |
142 | ||
143 | modprobe -v c-qcam | |
144 | or | |
145 | insmod -v c-qcam | |
146 | ||
147 | Returns a message saying "Device or resource busy" Development is | |
148 | currently underway, but a workaround is to patch the module to skip | |
149 | the detection code and attach to a defined port. Check the | |
150 | video4linux mailing list and archive for more current information. | |
151 | ||
152 | 3.1 Checklist: | |
153 | ||
154 | Can you get an image? | |
155 | v4lgrab >qcam.ppm ; wc qcam.ppm ; xv qcam.ppm | |
156 | ||
157 | Is a working c-qcam connected to the port? | |
158 | grep ^ /proc/parport/?/autoprobe | |
159 | ||
160 | Do the /dev/video* files exist? | |
161 | ls -lad /dev/video | |
162 | ||
163 | Is the c-qcam module loaded? | |
164 | modprobe -v c-qcam ; lsmod | |
165 | ||
166 | Does the camera work with alternate programs? cqcam, etc? | |
167 | ||
168 | ||
169 | ||
170 | ||
171 | 4.0 Future Work / current workarounds | |
172 | ||
173 | It is hoped that this section will soon become obsolete, but if it | |
174 | isn't, you might try patching the c-qcam module to add a parport=xxx | |
175 | option as in the bw-qcam module so you can specify the parallel port: | |
176 | ||
177 | insmod -v c-qcam parport=0 | |
178 | ||
179 | And bypass the detection code, see ../../drivers/char/c-qcam.c and | |
180 | look for the 'qc_detect' code and call. | |
181 | ||
182 | Note that there is work in progress to change the video4linux API, | |
183 | this work is documented at the video4linux2 site listed below. | |
184 | ||
185 | ||
186 | 9.0 --- A sample program using v4lgrabber, | |
187 | ||
188 | This program is a simple image grabber that will copy a frame from the | |
189 | first video device, /dev/video0 to standard output in portable pixmap | |
190 | format (.ppm) Using this like: 'v4lgrab | convert - c-qcam.jpg' | |
191 | produced this picture of me at | |
192 | http://mug.sys.virginia.edu/~drf5n/extras/c-qcam.jpg | |
193 | ||
194 | -------------------- 8< ---------------- 8< ----------------------------- | |
195 | ||
196 | /* Simple Video4Linux image grabber. */ | |
197 | /* | |
198 | * Video4Linux Driver Test/Example Framegrabbing Program | |
199 | * | |
200 | * Compile with: | |
201 | * gcc -s -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes v4lgrab.c -o v4lgrab | |
202 | * Use as: | |
203 | * v4lgrab >image.ppm | |
204 | * | |
205 | * Copyright (C) 1998-05-03, Phil Blundell <philb@gnu.org> | |
206 | * Copied from http://www.tazenda.demon.co.uk/phil/vgrabber.c | |
207 | * with minor modifications (Dave Forrest, drf5n@virginia.edu). | |
208 | * | |
209 | */ | |
210 | ||
211 | #include <unistd.h> | |
212 | #include <sys/types.h> | |
213 | #include <sys/stat.h> | |
214 | #include <fcntl.h> | |
215 | #include <stdio.h> | |
216 | #include <sys/ioctl.h> | |
217 | #include <stdlib.h> | |
218 | ||
219 | #include <linux/types.h> | |
220 | #include <linux/videodev.h> | |
221 | ||
222 | #define FILE "/dev/video0" | |
223 | ||
224 | /* Stole this from tvset.c */ | |
225 | ||
226 | #define READ_VIDEO_PIXEL(buf, format, depth, r, g, b) \ | |
227 | { \ | |
228 | switch (format) \ | |
229 | { \ | |
230 | case VIDEO_PALETTE_GREY: \ | |
231 | switch (depth) \ | |
232 | { \ | |
233 | case 4: \ | |
234 | case 6: \ | |
235 | case 8: \ | |
236 | (r) = (g) = (b) = (*buf++ << 8);\ | |
237 | break; \ | |
238 | \ | |
239 | case 16: \ | |
240 | (r) = (g) = (b) = \ | |
241 | *((unsigned short *) buf); \ | |
242 | buf += 2; \ | |
243 | break; \ | |
244 | } \ | |
245 | break; \ | |
246 | \ | |
247 | \ | |
248 | case VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB565: \ | |
249 | { \ | |
250 | unsigned short tmp = *(unsigned short *)buf; \ | |
251 | (r) = tmp&0xF800; \ | |
252 | (g) = (tmp<<5)&0xFC00; \ | |
253 | (b) = (tmp<<11)&0xF800; \ | |
254 | buf += 2; \ | |
255 | } \ | |
256 | break; \ | |
257 | \ | |
258 | case VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB555: \ | |
259 | (r) = (buf[0]&0xF8)<<8; \ | |
260 | (g) = ((buf[0] << 5 | buf[1] >> 3)&0xF8)<<8; \ | |
261 | (b) = ((buf[1] << 2 ) & 0xF8)<<8; \ | |
262 | buf += 2; \ | |
263 | break; \ | |
264 | \ | |
265 | case VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB24: \ | |
266 | (r) = buf[0] << 8; (g) = buf[1] << 8; \ | |
267 | (b) = buf[2] << 8; \ | |
268 | buf += 3; \ | |
269 | break; \ | |
270 | \ | |
271 | default: \ | |
272 | fprintf(stderr, \ | |
273 | "Format %d not yet supported\n", \ | |
274 | format); \ | |
275 | } \ | |
276 | } | |
277 | ||
278 | int get_brightness_adj(unsigned char *image, long size, int *brightness) { | |
279 | long i, tot = 0; | |
280 | for (i=0;i<size*3;i++) | |
281 | tot += image[i]; | |
282 | *brightness = (128 - tot/(size*3))/3; | |
283 | return !((tot/(size*3)) >= 126 && (tot/(size*3)) <= 130); | |
284 | } | |
285 | ||
286 | int main(int argc, char ** argv) | |
287 | { | |
288 | int fd = open(FILE, O_RDONLY), f; | |
289 | struct video_capability cap; | |
290 | struct video_window win; | |
291 | struct video_picture vpic; | |
292 | ||
293 | unsigned char *buffer, *src; | |
294 | int bpp = 24, r, g, b; | |
295 | unsigned int i, src_depth; | |
296 | ||
297 | if (fd < 0) { | |
298 | perror(FILE); | |
299 | exit(1); | |
300 | } | |
301 | ||
302 | if (ioctl(fd, VIDIOCGCAP, &cap) < 0) { | |
303 | perror("VIDIOGCAP"); | |
304 | fprintf(stderr, "(" FILE " not a video4linux device?)\n"); | |
305 | close(fd); | |
306 | exit(1); | |
307 | } | |
308 | ||
309 | if (ioctl(fd, VIDIOCGWIN, &win) < 0) { | |
310 | perror("VIDIOCGWIN"); | |
311 | close(fd); | |
312 | exit(1); | |
313 | } | |
314 | ||
315 | if (ioctl(fd, VIDIOCGPICT, &vpic) < 0) { | |
316 | perror("VIDIOCGPICT"); | |
317 | close(fd); | |
318 | exit(1); | |
319 | } | |
320 | ||
321 | if (cap.type & VID_TYPE_MONOCHROME) { | |
322 | vpic.depth=8; | |
323 | vpic.palette=VIDEO_PALETTE_GREY; /* 8bit grey */ | |
324 | if(ioctl(fd, VIDIOCSPICT, &vpic) < 0) { | |
325 | vpic.depth=6; | |
326 | if(ioctl(fd, VIDIOCSPICT, &vpic) < 0) { | |
327 | vpic.depth=4; | |
328 | if(ioctl(fd, VIDIOCSPICT, &vpic) < 0) { | |
329 | fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find a supported capture format.\n"); | |
330 | close(fd); | |
331 | exit(1); | |
332 | } | |
333 | } | |
334 | } | |
335 | } else { | |
336 | vpic.depth=24; | |
337 | vpic.palette=VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB24; | |
338 | ||
339 | if(ioctl(fd, VIDIOCSPICT, &vpic) < 0) { | |
340 | vpic.palette=VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB565; | |
341 | vpic.depth=16; | |
342 | ||
343 | if(ioctl(fd, VIDIOCSPICT, &vpic)==-1) { | |
344 | vpic.palette=VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB555; | |
345 | vpic.depth=15; | |
346 | ||
347 | if(ioctl(fd, VIDIOCSPICT, &vpic)==-1) { | |
348 | fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find a supported capture format.\n"); | |
349 | return -1; | |
350 | } | |
351 | } | |
352 | } | |
353 | } | |
354 | ||
355 | buffer = malloc(win.width * win.height * bpp); | |
356 | if (!buffer) { | |
357 | fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory.\n"); | |
358 | exit(1); | |
359 | } | |
360 | ||
361 | do { | |
362 | int newbright; | |
363 | read(fd, buffer, win.width * win.height * bpp); | |
364 | f = get_brightness_adj(buffer, win.width * win.height, &newbright); | |
365 | if (f) { | |
366 | vpic.brightness += (newbright << 8); | |
367 | if(ioctl(fd, VIDIOCSPICT, &vpic)==-1) { | |
368 | perror("VIDIOSPICT"); | |
369 | break; | |
370 | } | |
371 | } | |
372 | } while (f); | |
373 | ||
374 | fprintf(stdout, "P6\n%d %d 255\n", win.width, win.height); | |
375 | ||
376 | src = buffer; | |
377 | ||
378 | for (i = 0; i < win.width * win.height; i++) { | |
379 | READ_VIDEO_PIXEL(src, vpic.palette, src_depth, r, g, b); | |
380 | fputc(r>>8, stdout); | |
381 | fputc(g>>8, stdout); | |
382 | fputc(b>>8, stdout); | |
383 | } | |
384 | ||
385 | close(fd); | |
386 | return 0; | |
387 | } | |
388 | -------------------- 8< ---------------- 8< ----------------------------- | |
389 | ||
390 | ||
391 | 10.0 --- Other Information | |
392 | ||
393 | Use the ../../Maintainers file, particularly the VIDEO FOR LINUX and PARALLEL | |
394 | PORT SUPPORT sections | |
395 | ||
396 | The video4linux page: | |
397 | http://roadrunner.swansea.linux.org.uk/v4l.shtml | |
398 | ||
399 | The video4linux2 page: | |
400 | http://millennium.diads.com/bdirks/v4l2.htm | |
401 | ||
402 | Some web pages about the quickcams: | |
403 | http://www.dkfz-heidelberg.de/Macromol/wedemann/mini-HOWTO-cqcam.html | |
404 | ||
405 | http://www.crynwr.com/qcpc/ QuickCam Third-Party Drivers | |
406 | http://www.crynwr.com/qcpc/re.html Some Reverse Engineering | |
407 | http://cse.unl.edu/~cluening/gqcam/ v4l client | |
408 | http://phobos.illtel.denver.co.us/pub/qcread/ doesn't use v4l | |
409 | ftp://ftp.cs.unm.edu/pub/chris/quickcam/ Has lots of drivers | |
410 | http://www.cs.duke.edu/~reynolds/quickcam/ Has lots of information | |
411 | ||
412 |