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b2441318 1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
1da177e4
LT
2/*
3 * Kernel unwinding support
4 *
5 * (c) 2002-2004 Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>
6 *
7 * Derived partially from the IA64 implementation. The PA-RISC
8 * Runtime Architecture Document is also a useful reference to
9 * understand what is happening here
10 */
11
1da177e4
LT
12#include <linux/kernel.h>
13#include <linux/init.h>
e6fc0449 14#include <linux/sched.h>
1da177e4
LT
15#include <linux/slab.h>
16#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
8f78df87 17#include <linux/sort.h>
1da177e4 18
7c0f6ba6 19#include <linux/uaccess.h>
1da177e4 20#include <asm/assembly.h>
05dc16d6
RC
21#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
22#include <asm/ptrace.h>
1da177e4
LT
23
24#include <asm/unwind.h>
25
26/* #define DEBUG 1 */
27#ifdef DEBUG
28#define dbg(x...) printk(x)
29#else
30#define dbg(x...)
31#endif
32
33a932d1 33#define KERNEL_START (KERNEL_BINARY_TEXT_START)
e036306a 34
1da177e4
LT
35extern struct unwind_table_entry __start___unwind[];
36extern struct unwind_table_entry __stop___unwind[];
37
76cffeb6 38static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(unwind_lock);
1da177e4
LT
39/*
40 * the kernel unwind block is not dynamically allocated so that
41 * we can call unwind_init as early in the bootup process as
42 * possible (before the slab allocator is initialized)
43 */
8039de10 44static struct unwind_table kernel_unwind_table __read_mostly;
1da177e4
LT
45static LIST_HEAD(unwind_tables);
46
47static inline const struct unwind_table_entry *
48find_unwind_entry_in_table(const struct unwind_table *table, unsigned long addr)
49{
50 const struct unwind_table_entry *e = NULL;
51 unsigned long lo, hi, mid;
52
53 lo = 0;
54 hi = table->length - 1;
55
56 while (lo <= hi) {
57 mid = (hi - lo) / 2 + lo;
58 e = &table->table[mid];
59 if (addr < e->region_start)
60 hi = mid - 1;
61 else if (addr > e->region_end)
62 lo = mid + 1;
63 else
64 return e;
65 }
66
67 return NULL;
68}
69
70static const struct unwind_table_entry *
71find_unwind_entry(unsigned long addr)
72{
73 struct unwind_table *table;
74 const struct unwind_table_entry *e = NULL;
75
76 if (addr >= kernel_unwind_table.start &&
77 addr <= kernel_unwind_table.end)
78 e = find_unwind_entry_in_table(&kernel_unwind_table, addr);
be24a897
MP
79 else {
80 unsigned long flags;
81
82 spin_lock_irqsave(&unwind_lock, flags);
1da177e4
LT
83 list_for_each_entry(table, &unwind_tables, list) {
84 if (addr >= table->start &&
85 addr <= table->end)
86 e = find_unwind_entry_in_table(table, addr);
b1b1d4a6
PC
87 if (e) {
88 /* Move-to-front to exploit common traces */
89 list_move(&table->list, &unwind_tables);
1da177e4 90 break;
b1b1d4a6 91 }
1da177e4 92 }
be24a897
MP
93 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&unwind_lock, flags);
94 }
1da177e4
LT
95
96 return e;
97}
98
99static void
100unwind_table_init(struct unwind_table *table, const char *name,
101 unsigned long base_addr, unsigned long gp,
102 void *table_start, void *table_end)
103{
104 struct unwind_table_entry *start = table_start;
105 struct unwind_table_entry *end =
106 (struct unwind_table_entry *)table_end - 1;
107
108 table->name = name;
109 table->base_addr = base_addr;
110 table->gp = gp;
111 table->start = base_addr + start->region_start;
112 table->end = base_addr + end->region_end;
113 table->table = (struct unwind_table_entry *)table_start;
114 table->length = end - start + 1;
115 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&table->list);
116
117 for (; start <= end; start++) {
118 if (start < end &&
119 start->region_end > (start+1)->region_start) {
120 printk("WARNING: Out of order unwind entry! %p and %p\n", start, start+1);
121 }
122
123 start->region_start += base_addr;
124 start->region_end += base_addr;
125 }
126}
127
8f78df87
HD
128static int cmp_unwind_table_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
129{
130 return ((const struct unwind_table_entry *)a)->region_start
131 - ((const struct unwind_table_entry *)b)->region_start;
132}
133
1da177e4
LT
134static void
135unwind_table_sort(struct unwind_table_entry *start,
136 struct unwind_table_entry *finish)
137{
8f78df87
HD
138 sort(start, finish - start, sizeof(struct unwind_table_entry),
139 cmp_unwind_table_entry, NULL);
1da177e4
LT
140}
141
142struct unwind_table *
143unwind_table_add(const char *name, unsigned long base_addr,
144 unsigned long gp,
145 void *start, void *end)
146{
147 struct unwind_table *table;
148 unsigned long flags;
149 struct unwind_table_entry *s = (struct unwind_table_entry *)start;
150 struct unwind_table_entry *e = (struct unwind_table_entry *)end;
151
152 unwind_table_sort(s, e);
153
154 table = kmalloc(sizeof(struct unwind_table), GFP_USER);
155 if (table == NULL)
156 return NULL;
157 unwind_table_init(table, name, base_addr, gp, start, end);
158 spin_lock_irqsave(&unwind_lock, flags);
159 list_add_tail(&table->list, &unwind_tables);
160 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&unwind_lock, flags);
161
162 return table;
163}
164
165void unwind_table_remove(struct unwind_table *table)
166{
167 unsigned long flags;
168
169 spin_lock_irqsave(&unwind_lock, flags);
170 list_del(&table->list);
171 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&unwind_lock, flags);
172
173 kfree(table);
174}
175
176/* Called from setup_arch to import the kernel unwind info */
c790b41b 177int __init unwind_init(void)
1da177e4
LT
178{
179 long start, stop;
180 register unsigned long gp __asm__ ("r27");
181
182 start = (long)&__start___unwind[0];
183 stop = (long)&__stop___unwind[0];
184
1da177e4
LT
185 printk("unwind_init: start = 0x%lx, end = 0x%lx, entries = %lu\n",
186 start, stop,
187 (stop - start) / sizeof(struct unwind_table_entry));
188
189 unwind_table_init(&kernel_unwind_table, "kernel", KERNEL_START,
190 gp,
191 &__start___unwind[0], &__stop___unwind[0]);
192#if 0
193 {
194 int i;
195 for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
196 {
197 printk("region 0x%x-0x%x\n",
198 __start___unwind[i].region_start,
199 __start___unwind[i].region_end);
200 }
201 }
202#endif
203 return 0;
204}
205
05dc16d6
RC
206#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
207#define get_func_addr(fptr) fptr[2]
208#else
209#define get_func_addr(fptr) fptr[0]
210#endif
211
212static int unwind_special(struct unwind_frame_info *info, unsigned long pc, int frame_size)
213{
78199943
KM
214 extern void handle_interruption(int, struct pt_regs *);
215 static unsigned long *hi = (unsigned long *)&handle_interruption;
05dc16d6
RC
216
217 if (pc == get_func_addr(hi)) {
218 struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)(info->sp - frame_size - PT_SZ_ALGN);
219 dbg("Unwinding through handle_interruption()\n");
220 info->prev_sp = regs->gr[30];
221 info->prev_ip = regs->iaoq[0];
222
223 return 1;
224 }
225
226 return 0;
227}
228
1da177e4
LT
229static void unwind_frame_regs(struct unwind_frame_info *info)
230{
231 const struct unwind_table_entry *e;
232 unsigned long npc;
233 unsigned int insn;
234 long frame_size = 0;
235 int looking_for_rp, rpoffset = 0;
236
237 e = find_unwind_entry(info->ip);
238 if (e == NULL) {
239 unsigned long sp;
1da177e4
LT
240
241 dbg("Cannot find unwind entry for 0x%lx; forced unwinding\n", info->ip);
242
243#ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
244 /* Handle some frequent special cases.... */
245 {
9281acea 246 char symname[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
cb957795 247 char *modname;
1da177e4 248
cb957795
KM
249 kallsyms_lookup(info->ip, NULL, NULL, &modname,
250 symname);
1da177e4
LT
251
252 dbg("info->ip = 0x%lx, name = %s\n", info->ip, symname);
253
254 if (strcmp(symname, "_switch_to_ret") == 0) {
255 info->prev_sp = info->sp - CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME_SIZE;
256 info->prev_ip = *(unsigned long *)(info->prev_sp - RP_OFFSET);
257 dbg("_switch_to_ret @ %lx - setting "
258 "prev_sp=%lx prev_ip=%lx\n",
259 info->ip, info->prev_sp,
260 info->prev_ip);
261 return;
262 } else if (strcmp(symname, "ret_from_kernel_thread") == 0 ||
263 strcmp(symname, "syscall_exit") == 0) {
264 info->prev_ip = info->prev_sp = 0;
265 return;
266 }
267 }
268#endif
269
270 /* Since we are doing the unwinding blind, we don't know if
271 we are adjusting the stack correctly or extracting the rp
272 correctly. The rp is checked to see if it belongs to the
273 kernel text section, if not we assume we don't have a
274 correct stack frame and we continue to unwind the stack.
275 This is not quite correct, and will fail for loadable
276 modules. */
277 sp = info->sp & ~63;
278 do {
279 unsigned long tmp;
280
281 info->prev_sp = sp - 64;
282 info->prev_ip = 0;
e77900ab
HD
283
284 /* The stack is at the end inside the thread_union
285 * struct. If we reach data, we have reached the
286 * beginning of the stack and should stop unwinding. */
287 if (info->prev_sp >= (unsigned long) task_thread_info(info->t) &&
288 info->prev_sp < ((unsigned long) task_thread_info(info->t)
289 + THREAD_SZ_ALGN)) {
290 info->prev_sp = 0;
291 break;
292 }
293
1da177e4
LT
294 if (get_user(tmp, (unsigned long *)(info->prev_sp - RP_OFFSET)))
295 break;
296 info->prev_ip = tmp;
297 sp = info->prev_sp;
c790b41b 298 } while (!kernel_text_address(info->prev_ip));
1da177e4
LT
299
300 info->rp = 0;
301
302 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx with no unwind info, setting "
303 "prev_sp=%lx prev_ip=%lx\n", info->ip,
304 info->prev_sp, info->prev_ip);
305 } else {
306 dbg("e->start = 0x%x, e->end = 0x%x, Save_SP = %d, "
307 "Save_RP = %d, Millicode = %d size = %u\n",
308 e->region_start, e->region_end, e->Save_SP, e->Save_RP,
309 e->Millicode, e->Total_frame_size);
310
311 looking_for_rp = e->Save_RP;
312
313 for (npc = e->region_start;
314 (frame_size < (e->Total_frame_size << 3) ||
315 looking_for_rp) &&
316 npc < info->ip;
317 npc += 4) {
318
319 insn = *(unsigned int *)npc;
320
be24a897
MP
321 if ((insn & 0xffffc001) == 0x37de0000 ||
322 (insn & 0xffe00001) == 0x6fc00000) {
1da177e4 323 /* ldo X(sp), sp, or stwm X,D(sp) */
be24a897 324 frame_size += (insn & 0x3fff) >> 1;
1da177e4
LT
325 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, insn=%08x @ "
326 "%lx, frame_size = %ld\n", info->ip,
327 insn, npc, frame_size);
be24a897 328 } else if ((insn & 0xffe00009) == 0x73c00008) {
1da177e4 329 /* std,ma X,D(sp) */
be24a897 330 frame_size += ((insn >> 4) & 0x3ff) << 3;
1da177e4
LT
331 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, insn=%08x @ "
332 "%lx, frame_size = %ld\n", info->ip,
333 insn, npc, frame_size);
334 } else if (insn == 0x6bc23fd9) {
335 /* stw rp,-20(sp) */
336 rpoffset = 20;
337 looking_for_rp = 0;
338 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, insn=stw rp,"
339 "-20(sp) @ %lx\n", info->ip, npc);
340 } else if (insn == 0x0fc212c1) {
341 /* std rp,-16(sr0,sp) */
342 rpoffset = 16;
343 looking_for_rp = 0;
344 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, insn=std rp,"
345 "-16(sp) @ %lx\n", info->ip, npc);
346 }
347 }
348
be24a897
MP
349 if (frame_size > e->Total_frame_size << 3)
350 frame_size = e->Total_frame_size << 3;
351
05dc16d6
RC
352 if (!unwind_special(info, e->region_start, frame_size)) {
353 info->prev_sp = info->sp - frame_size;
354 if (e->Millicode)
355 info->rp = info->r31;
356 else if (rpoffset)
357 info->rp = *(unsigned long *)(info->prev_sp - rpoffset);
358 info->prev_ip = info->rp;
359 info->rp = 0;
360 }
1da177e4
LT
361
362 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, setting prev_sp=%lx "
363 "prev_ip=%lx npc=%lx\n", info->ip, info->prev_sp,
364 info->prev_ip, npc);
365 }
366}
367
368void unwind_frame_init(struct unwind_frame_info *info, struct task_struct *t,
369 struct pt_regs *regs)
370{
371 memset(info, 0, sizeof(struct unwind_frame_info));
372 info->t = t;
373 info->sp = regs->gr[30];
374 info->ip = regs->iaoq[0];
375 info->rp = regs->gr[2];
376 info->r31 = regs->gr[31];
377
378 dbg("(%d) Start unwind from sp=%08lx ip=%08lx\n",
379 t ? (int)t->pid : -1, info->sp, info->ip);
380}
381
382void unwind_frame_init_from_blocked_task(struct unwind_frame_info *info, struct task_struct *t)
383{
384 struct pt_regs *r = &t->thread.regs;
385 struct pt_regs *r2;
386
e0e7ed48 387 r2 = kmalloc(sizeof(struct pt_regs), GFP_ATOMIC);
1da177e4
LT
388 if (!r2)
389 return;
390 *r2 = *r;
391 r2->gr[30] = r->ksp;
392 r2->iaoq[0] = r->kpc;
393 unwind_frame_init(info, t, r2);
394 kfree(r2);
395}
396
397void unwind_frame_init_running(struct unwind_frame_info *info, struct pt_regs *regs)
398{
399 unwind_frame_init(info, current, regs);
400}
401
402int unwind_once(struct unwind_frame_info *next_frame)
403{
404 unwind_frame_regs(next_frame);
405
406 if (next_frame->prev_sp == 0 ||
407 next_frame->prev_ip == 0)
408 return -1;
409
410 next_frame->sp = next_frame->prev_sp;
411 next_frame->ip = next_frame->prev_ip;
412 next_frame->prev_sp = 0;
413 next_frame->prev_ip = 0;
414
415 dbg("(%d) Continue unwind to sp=%08lx ip=%08lx\n",
416 next_frame->t ? (int)next_frame->t->pid : -1,
417 next_frame->sp, next_frame->ip);
418
419 return 0;
420}
421
422int unwind_to_user(struct unwind_frame_info *info)
423{
424 int ret;
425
426 do {
427 ret = unwind_once(info);
428 } while (!ret && !(info->ip & 3));
429
430 return ret;
431}
11e17809
HD
432
433unsigned long return_address(unsigned int level)
434{
435 struct unwind_frame_info info;
436 struct pt_regs r;
437 unsigned long sp;
438
439 /* initialize unwind info */
440 asm volatile ("copy %%r30, %0" : "=r"(sp));
441 memset(&r, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
442 r.iaoq[0] = (unsigned long) current_text_addr();
443 r.gr[2] = (unsigned long) __builtin_return_address(0);
444 r.gr[30] = sp;
445 unwind_frame_init(&info, current, &r);
446
447 /* unwind stack */
448 ++level;
449 do {
450 if (unwind_once(&info) < 0 || info.ip == 0)
451 return 0;
c790b41b 452 if (!kernel_text_address(info.ip))
11e17809 453 return 0;
11e17809
HD
454 } while (info.ip && level--);
455
456 return info.ip;
457}