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b2441318 1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
1da177e4
LT
2/*
3 * Kernel unwinding support
4 *
5 * (c) 2002-2004 Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>
6 *
7 * Derived partially from the IA64 implementation. The PA-RISC
8 * Runtime Architecture Document is also a useful reference to
9 * understand what is happening here
10 */
11
1da177e4
LT
12#include <linux/kernel.h>
13#include <linux/init.h>
e6fc0449 14#include <linux/sched.h>
1da177e4
LT
15#include <linux/slab.h>
16#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
8f78df87 17#include <linux/sort.h>
e77900ab 18#include <linux/sched.h>
1da177e4 19
7c0f6ba6 20#include <linux/uaccess.h>
1da177e4 21#include <asm/assembly.h>
05dc16d6
RC
22#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
23#include <asm/ptrace.h>
1da177e4
LT
24
25#include <asm/unwind.h>
26
27/* #define DEBUG 1 */
28#ifdef DEBUG
29#define dbg(x...) printk(x)
30#else
31#define dbg(x...)
32#endif
33
33a932d1 34#define KERNEL_START (KERNEL_BINARY_TEXT_START)
e036306a 35
1da177e4
LT
36extern struct unwind_table_entry __start___unwind[];
37extern struct unwind_table_entry __stop___unwind[];
38
76cffeb6 39static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(unwind_lock);
1da177e4
LT
40/*
41 * the kernel unwind block is not dynamically allocated so that
42 * we can call unwind_init as early in the bootup process as
43 * possible (before the slab allocator is initialized)
44 */
8039de10 45static struct unwind_table kernel_unwind_table __read_mostly;
1da177e4
LT
46static LIST_HEAD(unwind_tables);
47
48static inline const struct unwind_table_entry *
49find_unwind_entry_in_table(const struct unwind_table *table, unsigned long addr)
50{
51 const struct unwind_table_entry *e = NULL;
52 unsigned long lo, hi, mid;
53
54 lo = 0;
55 hi = table->length - 1;
56
57 while (lo <= hi) {
58 mid = (hi - lo) / 2 + lo;
59 e = &table->table[mid];
60 if (addr < e->region_start)
61 hi = mid - 1;
62 else if (addr > e->region_end)
63 lo = mid + 1;
64 else
65 return e;
66 }
67
68 return NULL;
69}
70
71static const struct unwind_table_entry *
72find_unwind_entry(unsigned long addr)
73{
74 struct unwind_table *table;
75 const struct unwind_table_entry *e = NULL;
76
77 if (addr >= kernel_unwind_table.start &&
78 addr <= kernel_unwind_table.end)
79 e = find_unwind_entry_in_table(&kernel_unwind_table, addr);
be24a897
MP
80 else {
81 unsigned long flags;
82
83 spin_lock_irqsave(&unwind_lock, flags);
1da177e4
LT
84 list_for_each_entry(table, &unwind_tables, list) {
85 if (addr >= table->start &&
86 addr <= table->end)
87 e = find_unwind_entry_in_table(table, addr);
b1b1d4a6
PC
88 if (e) {
89 /* Move-to-front to exploit common traces */
90 list_move(&table->list, &unwind_tables);
1da177e4 91 break;
b1b1d4a6 92 }
1da177e4 93 }
be24a897
MP
94 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&unwind_lock, flags);
95 }
1da177e4
LT
96
97 return e;
98}
99
100static void
101unwind_table_init(struct unwind_table *table, const char *name,
102 unsigned long base_addr, unsigned long gp,
103 void *table_start, void *table_end)
104{
105 struct unwind_table_entry *start = table_start;
106 struct unwind_table_entry *end =
107 (struct unwind_table_entry *)table_end - 1;
108
109 table->name = name;
110 table->base_addr = base_addr;
111 table->gp = gp;
112 table->start = base_addr + start->region_start;
113 table->end = base_addr + end->region_end;
114 table->table = (struct unwind_table_entry *)table_start;
115 table->length = end - start + 1;
116 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&table->list);
117
118 for (; start <= end; start++) {
119 if (start < end &&
120 start->region_end > (start+1)->region_start) {
121 printk("WARNING: Out of order unwind entry! %p and %p\n", start, start+1);
122 }
123
124 start->region_start += base_addr;
125 start->region_end += base_addr;
126 }
127}
128
8f78df87
HD
129static int cmp_unwind_table_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
130{
131 return ((const struct unwind_table_entry *)a)->region_start
132 - ((const struct unwind_table_entry *)b)->region_start;
133}
134
1da177e4
LT
135static void
136unwind_table_sort(struct unwind_table_entry *start,
137 struct unwind_table_entry *finish)
138{
8f78df87
HD
139 sort(start, finish - start, sizeof(struct unwind_table_entry),
140 cmp_unwind_table_entry, NULL);
1da177e4
LT
141}
142
143struct unwind_table *
144unwind_table_add(const char *name, unsigned long base_addr,
145 unsigned long gp,
146 void *start, void *end)
147{
148 struct unwind_table *table;
149 unsigned long flags;
150 struct unwind_table_entry *s = (struct unwind_table_entry *)start;
151 struct unwind_table_entry *e = (struct unwind_table_entry *)end;
152
153 unwind_table_sort(s, e);
154
155 table = kmalloc(sizeof(struct unwind_table), GFP_USER);
156 if (table == NULL)
157 return NULL;
158 unwind_table_init(table, name, base_addr, gp, start, end);
159 spin_lock_irqsave(&unwind_lock, flags);
160 list_add_tail(&table->list, &unwind_tables);
161 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&unwind_lock, flags);
162
163 return table;
164}
165
166void unwind_table_remove(struct unwind_table *table)
167{
168 unsigned long flags;
169
170 spin_lock_irqsave(&unwind_lock, flags);
171 list_del(&table->list);
172 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&unwind_lock, flags);
173
174 kfree(table);
175}
176
177/* Called from setup_arch to import the kernel unwind info */
c790b41b 178int __init unwind_init(void)
1da177e4
LT
179{
180 long start, stop;
181 register unsigned long gp __asm__ ("r27");
182
183 start = (long)&__start___unwind[0];
184 stop = (long)&__stop___unwind[0];
185
1da177e4
LT
186 printk("unwind_init: start = 0x%lx, end = 0x%lx, entries = %lu\n",
187 start, stop,
188 (stop - start) / sizeof(struct unwind_table_entry));
189
190 unwind_table_init(&kernel_unwind_table, "kernel", KERNEL_START,
191 gp,
192 &__start___unwind[0], &__stop___unwind[0]);
193#if 0
194 {
195 int i;
196 for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
197 {
198 printk("region 0x%x-0x%x\n",
199 __start___unwind[i].region_start,
200 __start___unwind[i].region_end);
201 }
202 }
203#endif
204 return 0;
205}
206
05dc16d6
RC
207#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
208#define get_func_addr(fptr) fptr[2]
209#else
210#define get_func_addr(fptr) fptr[0]
211#endif
212
213static int unwind_special(struct unwind_frame_info *info, unsigned long pc, int frame_size)
214{
78199943
KM
215 extern void handle_interruption(int, struct pt_regs *);
216 static unsigned long *hi = (unsigned long *)&handle_interruption;
05dc16d6
RC
217
218 if (pc == get_func_addr(hi)) {
219 struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)(info->sp - frame_size - PT_SZ_ALGN);
220 dbg("Unwinding through handle_interruption()\n");
221 info->prev_sp = regs->gr[30];
222 info->prev_ip = regs->iaoq[0];
223
224 return 1;
225 }
226
227 return 0;
228}
229
1da177e4
LT
230static void unwind_frame_regs(struct unwind_frame_info *info)
231{
232 const struct unwind_table_entry *e;
233 unsigned long npc;
234 unsigned int insn;
235 long frame_size = 0;
236 int looking_for_rp, rpoffset = 0;
237
238 e = find_unwind_entry(info->ip);
239 if (e == NULL) {
240 unsigned long sp;
1da177e4
LT
241
242 dbg("Cannot find unwind entry for 0x%lx; forced unwinding\n", info->ip);
243
244#ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
245 /* Handle some frequent special cases.... */
246 {
9281acea 247 char symname[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
cb957795 248 char *modname;
1da177e4 249
cb957795
KM
250 kallsyms_lookup(info->ip, NULL, NULL, &modname,
251 symname);
1da177e4
LT
252
253 dbg("info->ip = 0x%lx, name = %s\n", info->ip, symname);
254
255 if (strcmp(symname, "_switch_to_ret") == 0) {
256 info->prev_sp = info->sp - CALLEE_SAVE_FRAME_SIZE;
257 info->prev_ip = *(unsigned long *)(info->prev_sp - RP_OFFSET);
258 dbg("_switch_to_ret @ %lx - setting "
259 "prev_sp=%lx prev_ip=%lx\n",
260 info->ip, info->prev_sp,
261 info->prev_ip);
262 return;
263 } else if (strcmp(symname, "ret_from_kernel_thread") == 0 ||
264 strcmp(symname, "syscall_exit") == 0) {
265 info->prev_ip = info->prev_sp = 0;
266 return;
267 }
268 }
269#endif
270
271 /* Since we are doing the unwinding blind, we don't know if
272 we are adjusting the stack correctly or extracting the rp
273 correctly. The rp is checked to see if it belongs to the
274 kernel text section, if not we assume we don't have a
275 correct stack frame and we continue to unwind the stack.
276 This is not quite correct, and will fail for loadable
277 modules. */
278 sp = info->sp & ~63;
279 do {
280 unsigned long tmp;
281
282 info->prev_sp = sp - 64;
283 info->prev_ip = 0;
e77900ab
HD
284
285 /* The stack is at the end inside the thread_union
286 * struct. If we reach data, we have reached the
287 * beginning of the stack and should stop unwinding. */
288 if (info->prev_sp >= (unsigned long) task_thread_info(info->t) &&
289 info->prev_sp < ((unsigned long) task_thread_info(info->t)
290 + THREAD_SZ_ALGN)) {
291 info->prev_sp = 0;
292 break;
293 }
294
1da177e4
LT
295 if (get_user(tmp, (unsigned long *)(info->prev_sp - RP_OFFSET)))
296 break;
297 info->prev_ip = tmp;
298 sp = info->prev_sp;
c790b41b 299 } while (!kernel_text_address(info->prev_ip));
1da177e4
LT
300
301 info->rp = 0;
302
303 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx with no unwind info, setting "
304 "prev_sp=%lx prev_ip=%lx\n", info->ip,
305 info->prev_sp, info->prev_ip);
306 } else {
307 dbg("e->start = 0x%x, e->end = 0x%x, Save_SP = %d, "
308 "Save_RP = %d, Millicode = %d size = %u\n",
309 e->region_start, e->region_end, e->Save_SP, e->Save_RP,
310 e->Millicode, e->Total_frame_size);
311
312 looking_for_rp = e->Save_RP;
313
314 for (npc = e->region_start;
315 (frame_size < (e->Total_frame_size << 3) ||
316 looking_for_rp) &&
317 npc < info->ip;
318 npc += 4) {
319
320 insn = *(unsigned int *)npc;
321
be24a897
MP
322 if ((insn & 0xffffc001) == 0x37de0000 ||
323 (insn & 0xffe00001) == 0x6fc00000) {
1da177e4 324 /* ldo X(sp), sp, or stwm X,D(sp) */
be24a897 325 frame_size += (insn & 0x3fff) >> 1;
1da177e4
LT
326 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, insn=%08x @ "
327 "%lx, frame_size = %ld\n", info->ip,
328 insn, npc, frame_size);
be24a897 329 } else if ((insn & 0xffe00009) == 0x73c00008) {
1da177e4 330 /* std,ma X,D(sp) */
be24a897 331 frame_size += ((insn >> 4) & 0x3ff) << 3;
1da177e4
LT
332 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, insn=%08x @ "
333 "%lx, frame_size = %ld\n", info->ip,
334 insn, npc, frame_size);
335 } else if (insn == 0x6bc23fd9) {
336 /* stw rp,-20(sp) */
337 rpoffset = 20;
338 looking_for_rp = 0;
339 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, insn=stw rp,"
340 "-20(sp) @ %lx\n", info->ip, npc);
341 } else if (insn == 0x0fc212c1) {
342 /* std rp,-16(sr0,sp) */
343 rpoffset = 16;
344 looking_for_rp = 0;
345 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, insn=std rp,"
346 "-16(sp) @ %lx\n", info->ip, npc);
347 }
348 }
349
be24a897
MP
350 if (frame_size > e->Total_frame_size << 3)
351 frame_size = e->Total_frame_size << 3;
352
05dc16d6
RC
353 if (!unwind_special(info, e->region_start, frame_size)) {
354 info->prev_sp = info->sp - frame_size;
355 if (e->Millicode)
356 info->rp = info->r31;
357 else if (rpoffset)
358 info->rp = *(unsigned long *)(info->prev_sp - rpoffset);
359 info->prev_ip = info->rp;
360 info->rp = 0;
361 }
1da177e4
LT
362
363 dbg("analyzing func @ %lx, setting prev_sp=%lx "
364 "prev_ip=%lx npc=%lx\n", info->ip, info->prev_sp,
365 info->prev_ip, npc);
366 }
367}
368
369void unwind_frame_init(struct unwind_frame_info *info, struct task_struct *t,
370 struct pt_regs *regs)
371{
372 memset(info, 0, sizeof(struct unwind_frame_info));
373 info->t = t;
374 info->sp = regs->gr[30];
375 info->ip = regs->iaoq[0];
376 info->rp = regs->gr[2];
377 info->r31 = regs->gr[31];
378
379 dbg("(%d) Start unwind from sp=%08lx ip=%08lx\n",
380 t ? (int)t->pid : -1, info->sp, info->ip);
381}
382
383void unwind_frame_init_from_blocked_task(struct unwind_frame_info *info, struct task_struct *t)
384{
385 struct pt_regs *r = &t->thread.regs;
386 struct pt_regs *r2;
387
e0e7ed48 388 r2 = kmalloc(sizeof(struct pt_regs), GFP_ATOMIC);
1da177e4
LT
389 if (!r2)
390 return;
391 *r2 = *r;
392 r2->gr[30] = r->ksp;
393 r2->iaoq[0] = r->kpc;
394 unwind_frame_init(info, t, r2);
395 kfree(r2);
396}
397
398void unwind_frame_init_running(struct unwind_frame_info *info, struct pt_regs *regs)
399{
400 unwind_frame_init(info, current, regs);
401}
402
403int unwind_once(struct unwind_frame_info *next_frame)
404{
405 unwind_frame_regs(next_frame);
406
407 if (next_frame->prev_sp == 0 ||
408 next_frame->prev_ip == 0)
409 return -1;
410
411 next_frame->sp = next_frame->prev_sp;
412 next_frame->ip = next_frame->prev_ip;
413 next_frame->prev_sp = 0;
414 next_frame->prev_ip = 0;
415
416 dbg("(%d) Continue unwind to sp=%08lx ip=%08lx\n",
417 next_frame->t ? (int)next_frame->t->pid : -1,
418 next_frame->sp, next_frame->ip);
419
420 return 0;
421}
422
423int unwind_to_user(struct unwind_frame_info *info)
424{
425 int ret;
426
427 do {
428 ret = unwind_once(info);
429 } while (!ret && !(info->ip & 3));
430
431 return ret;
432}
11e17809
HD
433
434unsigned long return_address(unsigned int level)
435{
436 struct unwind_frame_info info;
437 struct pt_regs r;
438 unsigned long sp;
439
440 /* initialize unwind info */
441 asm volatile ("copy %%r30, %0" : "=r"(sp));
442 memset(&r, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
443 r.iaoq[0] = (unsigned long) current_text_addr();
444 r.gr[2] = (unsigned long) __builtin_return_address(0);
445 r.gr[30] = sp;
446 unwind_frame_init(&info, current, &r);
447
448 /* unwind stack */
449 ++level;
450 do {
451 if (unwind_once(&info) < 0 || info.ip == 0)
452 return 0;
c790b41b 453 if (!kernel_text_address(info.ip))
11e17809 454 return 0;
11e17809
HD
455 } while (info.ip && level--);
456
457 return info.ip;
458}