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1da177e4
LT
1/*
2 * linux/boot/head.S
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993 Linus Torvalds
1da177e4
LT
5 */
6
7/*
8 * head.S contains the 32-bit startup code.
9 *
10 * NOTE!!! Startup happens at absolute address 0x00001000, which is also where
11 * the page directory will exist. The startup code will be overwritten by
12 * the page directory. [According to comments etc elsewhere on a compressed
13 * kernel it will end up at 0x1000 + 1Mb I hope so as I assume this. - AC]
14 *
15 * Page 0 is deliberately kept safe, since System Management Mode code in
16 * laptops may need to access the BIOS data stored there. This is also
17 * useful for future device drivers that either access the BIOS via VM86
18 * mode.
19 */
20
21/*
f4549448 22 * High loaded stuff by Hans Lermen & Werner Almesberger, Feb. 1996
1da177e4 23 */
b40d68d5
PA
24 .code32
25 .text
1da177e4 26
1dc818c1 27#include <linux/init.h>
1da177e4
LT
28#include <linux/linkage.h>
29#include <asm/segment.h>
0341c14d
JF
30#include <asm/pgtable_types.h>
31#include <asm/page_types.h>
7c539764 32#include <asm/boot.h>
1ab60e0f 33#include <asm/msr.h>
e83e31f4 34#include <asm/processor-flags.h>
bd53147d 35#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
1da177e4 36
1dc818c1 37 __HEAD
1da177e4 38 .code32
2d4eeecb 39ENTRY(startup_32)
1da177e4 40 cld
b40d68d5
PA
41 /*
42 * Test KEEP_SEGMENTS flag to see if the bootloader is asking
43 * us to not reload segments
44 */
bd53147d
EB
45 testb $(1<<6), BP_loadflags(%esi)
46 jnz 1f
47
1da177e4 48 cli
1ab60e0f
VG
49 movl $(__KERNEL_DS), %eax
50 movl %eax, %ds
51 movl %eax, %es
52 movl %eax, %ss
bd53147d 531:
1ab60e0f 54
b40d68d5
PA
55/*
56 * Calculate the delta between where we were compiled to run
1ab60e0f
VG
57 * at and where we were actually loaded at. This can only be done
58 * with a short local call on x86. Nothing else will tell us what
59 * address we are running at. The reserved chunk of the real-mode
85414b69
PA
60 * data at 0x1e4 (defined as a scratch field) are used as the stack
61 * for this calculation. Only 4 bytes are needed.
1ab60e0f 62 */
bd2a3698 63 leal (BP_scratch+4)(%esi), %esp
1ab60e0f
VG
64 call 1f
651: popl %ebp
66 subl $1b, %ebp
67
a4831e08 68/* setup a stack and make sure cpu supports long mode. */
7c539764 69 movl $boot_stack_end, %eax
a4831e08
VG
70 addl %ebp, %eax
71 movl %eax, %esp
72
73 call verify_cpu
74 testl %eax, %eax
75 jnz no_longmode
76
b40d68d5
PA
77/*
78 * Compute the delta between where we were compiled to run at
1ab60e0f 79 * and where the code will actually run at.
b40d68d5
PA
80 *
81 * %ebp contains the address we are loaded at by the boot loader and %ebx
1ab60e0f
VG
82 * contains the address where we should move the kernel image temporarily
83 * for safe in-place decompression.
84 */
85
86#ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
87 movl %ebp, %ebx
37ba7ab5
PA
88 movl BP_kernel_alignment(%esi), %eax
89 decl %eax
90 addl %eax, %ebx
91 notl %eax
92 andl %eax, %ebx
1ab60e0f 93#else
40b387a8 94 movl $LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR, %ebx
1ab60e0f
VG
95#endif
96
02a884c0
PA
97 /* Target address to relocate to for decompression */
98 addl $z_extract_offset, %ebx
1da177e4
LT
99
100/*
1ab60e0f 101 * Prepare for entering 64 bit mode
1da177e4 102 */
1ab60e0f
VG
103
104 /* Load new GDT with the 64bit segments using 32bit descriptor */
105 leal gdt(%ebp), %eax
106 movl %eax, gdt+2(%ebp)
107 lgdt gdt(%ebp)
108
109 /* Enable PAE mode */
4868402d 110 movl $(X86_CR4_PAE), %eax
1ab60e0f
VG
111 movl %eax, %cr4
112
113 /*
114 * Build early 4G boot pagetable
115 */
b40d68d5 116 /* Initialize Page tables to 0 */
1ab60e0f
VG
117 leal pgtable(%ebx), %edi
118 xorl %eax, %eax
119 movl $((4096*6)/4), %ecx
120 rep stosl
121
122 /* Build Level 4 */
123 leal pgtable + 0(%ebx), %edi
124 leal 0x1007 (%edi), %eax
125 movl %eax, 0(%edi)
126
127 /* Build Level 3 */
128 leal pgtable + 0x1000(%ebx), %edi
129 leal 0x1007(%edi), %eax
130 movl $4, %ecx
1311: movl %eax, 0x00(%edi)
132 addl $0x00001000, %eax
133 addl $8, %edi
134 decl %ecx
135 jnz 1b
136
137 /* Build Level 2 */
138 leal pgtable + 0x2000(%ebx), %edi
139 movl $0x00000183, %eax
140 movl $2048, %ecx
1411: movl %eax, 0(%edi)
142 addl $0x00200000, %eax
143 addl $8, %edi
144 decl %ecx
145 jnz 1b
146
147 /* Enable the boot page tables */
148 leal pgtable(%ebx), %eax
149 movl %eax, %cr3
150
151 /* Enable Long mode in EFER (Extended Feature Enable Register) */
152 movl $MSR_EFER, %ecx
153 rdmsr
154 btsl $_EFER_LME, %eax
155 wrmsr
156
d3c433bf
YL
157 /* After gdt is loaded */
158 xorl %eax, %eax
159 lldt %ax
160 movl $0x20, %eax
161 ltr %ax
162
b40d68d5
PA
163 /*
164 * Setup for the jump to 64bit mode
1ab60e0f
VG
165 *
166 * When the jump is performend we will be in long mode but
167 * in 32bit compatibility mode with EFER.LME = 1, CS.L = 0, CS.D = 1
168 * (and in turn EFER.LMA = 1). To jump into 64bit mode we use
169 * the new gdt/idt that has __KERNEL_CS with CS.L = 1.
170 * We place all of the values on our mini stack so lret can
171 * used to perform that far jump.
172 */
173 pushl $__KERNEL_CS
174 leal startup_64(%ebp), %eax
175 pushl %eax
176
177 /* Enter paged protected Mode, activating Long Mode */
e83e31f4 178 movl $(X86_CR0_PG | X86_CR0_PE), %eax /* Enable Paging and Protected mode */
1ab60e0f
VG
179 movl %eax, %cr0
180
181 /* Jump from 32bit compatibility mode into 64bit mode. */
182 lret
2d4eeecb 183ENDPROC(startup_32)
1ab60e0f 184
b40d68d5
PA
185 /*
186 * Be careful here startup_64 needs to be at a predictable
1ab60e0f
VG
187 * address so I can export it in an ELF header. Bootloaders
188 * should look at the ELF header to find this address, as
189 * it may change in the future.
190 */
191 .code64
a4831e08 192 .org 0x200
1ab60e0f 193ENTRY(startup_64)
b40d68d5
PA
194 /*
195 * We come here either from startup_32 or directly from a
1ab60e0f
VG
196 * 64bit bootloader. If we come here from a bootloader we depend on
197 * an identity mapped page table being provied that maps our
198 * entire text+data+bss and hopefully all of memory.
199 */
291f3632 200#ifdef CONFIG_EFI_STUB
b1994304
MF
201 /*
202 * The entry point for the PE/COFF executable is 0x210, so only
203 * legacy boot loaders will execute this jmp.
204 */
205 jmp preferred_addr
206
207 .org 0x210
291f3632
MF
208 mov %rcx, %rdi
209 mov %rdx, %rsi
9ca8f72a
MF
210 pushq %rdi
211 pushq %rsi
212 call make_boot_params
213 cmpq $0,%rax
214 je 1f
215 mov %rax, %rdx
216 popq %rsi
217 popq %rdi
218
219 .org 0x230,0x90
291f3632 220 call efi_main
291f3632 221 movq %rax,%rsi
b1994304
MF
222 cmpq $0,%rax
223 jne 2f
291f3632 2241:
b1994304
MF
225 /* EFI init failed, so hang. */
226 hlt
227 jmp 1b
2282:
229 call 3f
2303:
291f3632 231 popq %rax
b1994304 232 subq $3b, %rax
291f3632
MF
233 subq BP_pref_address(%rsi), %rax
234 add BP_code32_start(%esi), %eax
235 leaq preferred_addr(%rax), %rax
236 jmp *%rax
237
238preferred_addr:
239#endif
1ab60e0f
VG
240
241 /* Setup data segments. */
242 xorl %eax, %eax
243 movl %eax, %ds
244 movl %eax, %es
245 movl %eax, %ss
08da5a2c
ZA
246 movl %eax, %fs
247 movl %eax, %gs
1ab60e0f 248
b40d68d5
PA
249 /*
250 * Compute the decompressed kernel start address. It is where
1ab60e0f
VG
251 * we were loaded at aligned to a 2M boundary. %rbp contains the
252 * decompressed kernel start address.
253 *
254 * If it is a relocatable kernel then decompress and run the kernel
255 * from load address aligned to 2MB addr, otherwise decompress and
40b387a8 256 * run the kernel from LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR
02a884c0
PA
257 *
258 * We cannot rely on the calculation done in 32-bit mode, since we
259 * may have been invoked via the 64-bit entry point.
1ab60e0f
VG
260 */
261
262 /* Start with the delta to where the kernel will run at. */
263#ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
264 leaq startup_32(%rip) /* - $startup_32 */, %rbp
37ba7ab5
PA
265 movl BP_kernel_alignment(%rsi), %eax
266 decl %eax
267 addq %rax, %rbp
268 notq %rax
269 andq %rax, %rbp
1ab60e0f 270#else
40b387a8 271 movq $LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR, %rbp
1ab60e0f
VG
272#endif
273
02a884c0
PA
274 /* Target address to relocate to for decompression */
275 leaq z_extract_offset(%rbp), %rbx
1ab60e0f 276
0a137736
PA
277 /* Set up the stack */
278 leaq boot_stack_end(%rbx), %rsp
279
280 /* Zero EFLAGS */
281 pushq $0
282 popfq
283
b40d68d5
PA
284/*
285 * Copy the compressed kernel to the end of our buffer
1ab60e0f
VG
286 * where decompression in place becomes safe.
287 */
36d3793c
PA
288 pushq %rsi
289 leaq (_bss-8)(%rip), %rsi
290 leaq (_bss-8)(%rbx), %rdi
5b11f1ce 291 movq $_bss /* - $startup_32 */, %rcx
36d3793c
PA
292 shrq $3, %rcx
293 std
294 rep movsq
295 cld
296 popq %rsi
1ab60e0f
VG
297
298/*
299 * Jump to the relocated address.
300 */
301 leaq relocated(%rbx), %rax
302 jmp *%rax
303
b40d68d5 304 .text
1ab60e0f
VG
305relocated:
306
1da177e4 307/*
0a137736 308 * Clear BSS (stack is currently empty)
1da177e4 309 */
36d3793c
PA
310 xorl %eax, %eax
311 leaq _bss(%rip), %rdi
312 leaq _ebss(%rip), %rcx
1ab60e0f 313 subq %rdi, %rcx
36d3793c
PA
314 shrq $3, %rcx
315 rep stosq
1ab60e0f 316
22a57f58
PA
317/*
318 * Adjust our own GOT
319 */
320 leaq _got(%rip), %rdx
321 leaq _egot(%rip), %rcx
3221:
323 cmpq %rcx, %rdx
324 jae 2f
325 addq %rbx, (%rdx)
326 addq $8, %rdx
327 jmp 1b
3282:
329
1da177e4
LT
330/*
331 * Do the decompression, and jump to the new kernel..
332 */
02a884c0
PA
333 pushq %rsi /* Save the real mode argument */
334 movq %rsi, %rdi /* real mode address */
335 leaq boot_heap(%rip), %rsi /* malloc area for uncompression */
336 leaq input_data(%rip), %rdx /* input_data */
337 movl $z_input_len, %ecx /* input_len */
338 movq %rbp, %r8 /* output target address */
1ab60e0f
VG
339 call decompress_kernel
340 popq %rsi
1da177e4 341
1da177e4 342/*
1ab60e0f 343 * Jump to the decompressed kernel.
1da177e4 344 */
1ab60e0f 345 jmp *%rbp
1da177e4 346
187a8a73
YL
347 .code32
348no_longmode:
349 /* This isn't an x86-64 CPU so hang */
3501:
351 hlt
352 jmp 1b
353
354#include "../../kernel/verify_cpu.S"
355
1ab60e0f
VG
356 .data
357gdt:
358 .word gdt_end - gdt
359 .long gdt
360 .word 0
361 .quad 0x0000000000000000 /* NULL descriptor */
362 .quad 0x00af9a000000ffff /* __KERNEL_CS */
363 .quad 0x00cf92000000ffff /* __KERNEL_DS */
08da5a2c
ZA
364 .quad 0x0080890000000000 /* TS descriptor */
365 .quad 0x0000000000000000 /* TS continued */
1ab60e0f 366gdt_end:
7c539764 367
b40d68d5
PA
368/*
369 * Stack and heap for uncompression
370 */
371 .bss
372 .balign 4
7c539764
AH
373boot_heap:
374 .fill BOOT_HEAP_SIZE, 1, 0
375boot_stack:
376 .fill BOOT_STACK_SIZE, 1, 0
377boot_stack_end:
5b11f1ce
PA
378
379/*
380 * Space for page tables (not in .bss so not zeroed)
381 */
382 .section ".pgtable","a",@nobits
383 .balign 4096
384pgtable:
385 .fill 6*4096, 1, 0