[rustc.git] / compiler / rustc_codegen_cranelift / src / inline_asm.rs

//! Codegen of `asm!` invocations.

use crate::prelude::*;

use std::fmt::Write;

use rustc_ast::ast::{InlineAsmOptions, InlineAsmTemplatePiece};
use rustc_middle::mir::InlineAsmOperand;
use rustc_span::sym;
use rustc_target::asm::*;

enum CInlineAsmOperand<'tcx> {
    In {
        reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass,
        value: CValue<'tcx>,
    },
    Out {
        reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass,
        late: bool,
        place: Option<CPlace<'tcx>>,
    },
    InOut {
        reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass,
        _late: bool,
        in_value: CValue<'tcx>,
        out_place: Option<CPlace<'tcx>>,
    },
    Const {
        value: String,
    },
    Symbol {
        symbol: String,
    },
}

pub(crate) fn codegen_inline_asm<'tcx>(
    fx: &mut FunctionCx<'_, '_, 'tcx>,
    span: Span,
    template: &[InlineAsmTemplatePiece],
    operands: &[InlineAsmOperand<'tcx>],
    options: InlineAsmOptions,
    destination: Option<mir::BasicBlock>,
) {
    // FIXME add .eh_frame unwind info directives

    if !template.is_empty() {
        // Used by panic_abort
        if template[0] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("int $$0x29".to_string()) {
            fx.bcx.ins().trap(TrapCode::User(1));
            return;
        }

        // Used by stdarch
        if template[0] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("mov ".to_string())
            && matches!(
                template[1],
                InlineAsmTemplatePiece::Placeholder {
                    operand_idx: 0,
                    modifier: Some('r'),
                    span: _
                }
            )
            && template[2] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String(", rbx".to_string())
            && template[3] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("\n".to_string())
            && template[4] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("cpuid".to_string())
            && template[5] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("\n".to_string())
            && template[6] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("xchg ".to_string())
            && matches!(
                template[7],
                InlineAsmTemplatePiece::Placeholder {
                    operand_idx: 0,
                    modifier: Some('r'),
                    span: _
                }
            )
            && template[8] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String(", rbx".to_string())
        {
            assert_eq!(operands.len(), 4);
            let (leaf, eax_place) = match operands[1] {
                InlineAsmOperand::InOut {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(InlineAsmReg::X86(X86InlineAsmReg::ax)),
                    late: _,
                    ref in_value,
                    out_place: Some(out_place),
                } => (
                    crate::base::codegen_operand(fx, in_value).load_scalar(fx),
                    crate::base::codegen_place(fx, out_place),
                ),
                _ => unreachable!(),
            };
            let ebx_place = match operands[0] {
                InlineAsmOperand::Out {
                    reg:
                        InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::RegClass(InlineAsmRegClass::X86(
                            X86InlineAsmRegClass::reg,
                        )),
                    late: _,
                    place: Some(place),
                } => crate::base::codegen_place(fx, place),
                _ => unreachable!(),
            };
            let (sub_leaf, ecx_place) = match operands[2] {
                InlineAsmOperand::InOut {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(InlineAsmReg::X86(X86InlineAsmReg::cx)),
                    late: _,
                    ref in_value,
                    out_place: Some(out_place),
                } => (
                    crate::base::codegen_operand(fx, in_value).load_scalar(fx),
                    crate::base::codegen_place(fx, out_place),
                ),
                _ => unreachable!(),
            };
            let edx_place = match operands[3] {
                InlineAsmOperand::Out {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(InlineAsmReg::X86(X86InlineAsmReg::dx)),
                    late: _,
                    place: Some(place),
                } => crate::base::codegen_place(fx, place),
                _ => unreachable!(),
            };

            let (eax, ebx, ecx, edx) = crate::intrinsics::codegen_cpuid_call(fx, leaf, sub_leaf);

            eax_place.write_cvalue(fx, CValue::by_val(eax, fx.layout_of(fx.tcx.types.u32)));
            ebx_place.write_cvalue(fx, CValue::by_val(ebx, fx.layout_of(fx.tcx.types.u32)));
            ecx_place.write_cvalue(fx, CValue::by_val(ecx, fx.layout_of(fx.tcx.types.u32)));
            edx_place.write_cvalue(fx, CValue::by_val(edx, fx.layout_of(fx.tcx.types.u32)));
            let destination_block = fx.get_block(destination.unwrap());
            fx.bcx.ins().jump(destination_block, &[]);
            return;
        }

        // Used by compiler-builtins
        if fx.tcx.symbol_name(fx.instance).name.starts_with("___chkstk") {
            // ___chkstk, ___chkstk_ms and __alloca are only used on Windows
            crate::trap::trap_unimplemented(fx, "Stack probes are not supported");
            return;
        } else if fx.tcx.symbol_name(fx.instance).name == "__alloca" {
            crate::trap::trap_unimplemented(fx, "Alloca is not supported");
            return;
        }

        // Used by measureme
        if template[0] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("xor %eax, %eax".to_string())
            && template[1] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("\n".to_string())
            && template[2] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("mov %rbx, ".to_string())
            && matches!(
                template[3],
                InlineAsmTemplatePiece::Placeholder {
                    operand_idx: 0,
                    modifier: Some('r'),
                    span: _
                }
            )
            && template[4] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("\n".to_string())
            && template[5] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("cpuid".to_string())
            && template[6] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("\n".to_string())
            && template[7] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("mov ".to_string())
            && matches!(
                template[8],
                InlineAsmTemplatePiece::Placeholder {
                    operand_idx: 0,
                    modifier: Some('r'),
                    span: _
                }
            )
            && template[9] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String(", %rbx".to_string())
        {
            let destination_block = fx.get_block(destination.unwrap());
            fx.bcx.ins().jump(destination_block, &[]);
            return;
        } else if template[0] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("rdpmc".to_string()) {
            // Return zero dummy values for all performance counters
            match operands[0] {
                InlineAsmOperand::In {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(InlineAsmReg::X86(X86InlineAsmReg::cx)),
                    value: _,
                } => {}
                _ => unreachable!(),
            };
            let lo = match operands[1] {
                InlineAsmOperand::Out {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(InlineAsmReg::X86(X86InlineAsmReg::ax)),
                    late: true,
                    place: Some(place),
                } => crate::base::codegen_place(fx, place),
                _ => unreachable!(),
            };
            let hi = match operands[2] {
                InlineAsmOperand::Out {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(InlineAsmReg::X86(X86InlineAsmReg::dx)),
                    late: true,
                    place: Some(place),
                } => crate::base::codegen_place(fx, place),
                _ => unreachable!(),
            };

            let u32_layout = fx.layout_of(fx.tcx.types.u32);
            let zero = fx.bcx.ins().iconst(types::I32, 0);
            lo.write_cvalue(fx, CValue::by_val(zero, u32_layout));
            hi.write_cvalue(fx, CValue::by_val(zero, u32_layout));

            let destination_block = fx.get_block(destination.unwrap());
            fx.bcx.ins().jump(destination_block, &[]);
            return;
        } else if template[0] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String("lock xadd ".to_string())
            && matches!(
                template[1],
                InlineAsmTemplatePiece::Placeholder { operand_idx: 1, modifier: None, span: _ }
            )
            && template[2] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String(", (".to_string())
            && matches!(
                template[3],
                InlineAsmTemplatePiece::Placeholder { operand_idx: 0, modifier: None, span: _ }
            )
            && template[4] == InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String(")".to_string())
        {
            let destination_block = fx.get_block(destination.unwrap());
            fx.bcx.ins().jump(destination_block, &[]);
            return;
        }
    }

    let operands = operands
        .into_iter()
        .map(|operand| match *operand {
            InlineAsmOperand::In { reg, ref value } => {
                CInlineAsmOperand::In { reg, value: crate::base::codegen_operand(fx, value) }
            }
            InlineAsmOperand::Out { reg, late, ref place } => CInlineAsmOperand::Out {
                reg,
                late,
                place: place.map(|place| crate::base::codegen_place(fx, place)),
            },
            InlineAsmOperand::InOut { reg, late, ref in_value, ref out_place } => {
                CInlineAsmOperand::InOut {
                    reg,
                    _late: late,
                    in_value: crate::base::codegen_operand(fx, in_value),
                    out_place: out_place.map(|place| crate::base::codegen_place(fx, place)),
                }
            }
            InlineAsmOperand::Const { ref value } => {
                let (const_value, ty) = crate::constant::eval_mir_constant(fx, &*value)
                    .unwrap_or_else(|| span_bug!(span, "asm const cannot be resolved"));
                let value = rustc_codegen_ssa::common::asm_const_to_str(
                    fx.tcx,
                    span,
                    const_value,
                    fx.layout_of(ty),
                );
                CInlineAsmOperand::Const { value }
            }
            InlineAsmOperand::SymFn { ref value } => {
                let literal = fx.monomorphize(value.literal);
                if let ty::FnDef(def_id, substs) = *literal.ty().kind() {
                    let instance = ty::Instance::resolve_for_fn_ptr(
                        fx.tcx,
                        ty::ParamEnv::reveal_all(),
                        def_id,
                        substs,
                    )
                    .unwrap();
                    let symbol = fx.tcx.symbol_name(instance);

                    // Pass a wrapper rather than the function itself as the function itself may not
                    // be exported from the main codegen unit and may thus be unreachable from the
                    // object file created by an external assembler.
                    let inline_asm_index = fx.cx.inline_asm_index.get();
                    fx.cx.inline_asm_index.set(inline_asm_index + 1);
                    let wrapper_name = format!(
                        "__inline_asm_{}_wrapper_n{}",
                        fx.cx.cgu_name.as_str().replace('.', "__").replace('-', "_"),
                        inline_asm_index
                    );
                    let sig =
                        get_function_sig(fx.tcx, fx.target_config.default_call_conv, instance);
                    create_wrapper_function(
                        fx.module,
                        &mut fx.cx.unwind_context,
                        sig,
                        &wrapper_name,
                        symbol.name,
                    );

                    CInlineAsmOperand::Symbol { symbol: wrapper_name }
                } else {
                    span_bug!(span, "invalid type for asm sym (fn)");
                }
            }
            InlineAsmOperand::SymStatic { def_id } => {
                assert!(fx.tcx.is_static(def_id));
                let instance = Instance::mono(fx.tcx, def_id).polymorphize(fx.tcx);
                CInlineAsmOperand::Symbol { symbol: fx.tcx.symbol_name(instance).name.to_owned() }
            }
        })
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let mut inputs = Vec::new();
    let mut outputs = Vec::new();

    let mut asm_gen = InlineAssemblyGenerator {
        tcx: fx.tcx,
        arch: fx.tcx.sess.asm_arch.unwrap(),
        enclosing_def_id: fx.instance.def_id(),
        template,
        operands: &operands,
        options,
        registers: Vec::new(),
        stack_slots_clobber: Vec::new(),
        stack_slots_input: Vec::new(),
        stack_slots_output: Vec::new(),
        stack_slot_size: Size::from_bytes(0),
    };
    asm_gen.allocate_registers();
    asm_gen.allocate_stack_slots();

    let inline_asm_index = fx.cx.inline_asm_index.get();
    fx.cx.inline_asm_index.set(inline_asm_index + 1);
    let asm_name = format!(
        "__inline_asm_{}_n{}",
        fx.cx.cgu_name.as_str().replace('.', "__").replace('-', "_"),
        inline_asm_index
    );

    let generated_asm = asm_gen.generate_asm_wrapper(&asm_name);
    fx.cx.global_asm.push_str(&generated_asm);

    for (i, operand) in operands.iter().enumerate() {
        match operand {
            CInlineAsmOperand::In { reg: _, value } => {
                inputs.push((asm_gen.stack_slots_input[i].unwrap(), value.load_scalar(fx)));
            }
            CInlineAsmOperand::Out { reg: _, late: _, place } => {
                if let Some(place) = place {
                    outputs.push((asm_gen.stack_slots_output[i].unwrap(), place.clone()));
                }
            }
            CInlineAsmOperand::InOut { reg: _, _late: _, in_value, out_place } => {
                inputs.push((asm_gen.stack_slots_input[i].unwrap(), in_value.load_scalar(fx)));
                if let Some(out_place) = out_place {
                    outputs.push((asm_gen.stack_slots_output[i].unwrap(), out_place.clone()));
                }
            }
            CInlineAsmOperand::Const { value: _ } | CInlineAsmOperand::Symbol { symbol: _ } => {}
        }
    }

    call_inline_asm(fx, &asm_name, asm_gen.stack_slot_size, inputs, outputs);

    match destination {
        Some(destination) => {
            let destination_block = fx.get_block(destination);
            fx.bcx.ins().jump(destination_block, &[]);
        }
        None => {
            fx.bcx.ins().trap(TrapCode::UnreachableCodeReached);
        }
    }
}

struct InlineAssemblyGenerator<'a, 'tcx> {
    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
    arch: InlineAsmArch,
    enclosing_def_id: DefId,
    template: &'a [InlineAsmTemplatePiece],
    operands: &'a [CInlineAsmOperand<'tcx>],
    options: InlineAsmOptions,
    registers: Vec<Option<InlineAsmReg>>,
    stack_slots_clobber: Vec<Option<Size>>,
    stack_slots_input: Vec<Option<Size>>,
    stack_slots_output: Vec<Option<Size>>,
    stack_slot_size: Size,
}

impl<'tcx> InlineAssemblyGenerator<'_, 'tcx> {
    fn allocate_registers(&mut self) {
        let sess = self.tcx.sess;
        let map = allocatable_registers(
            self.arch,
            sess.relocation_model(),
            self.tcx.asm_target_features(self.enclosing_def_id),
            &sess.target,
        );
        let mut allocated = FxHashMap::<_, (bool, bool)>::default();
        let mut regs = vec![None; self.operands.len()];

        // Add explicit registers to the allocated set.
        for (i, operand) in self.operands.iter().enumerate() {
            match *operand {
                CInlineAsmOperand::In { reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(reg), .. } => {
                    regs[i] = Some(reg);
                    allocated.entry(reg).or_default().0 = true;
                }
                CInlineAsmOperand::Out {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(reg),
                    late: true,
                    ..
                } => {
                    regs[i] = Some(reg);
                    allocated.entry(reg).or_default().1 = true;
                }
                CInlineAsmOperand::Out { reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(reg), .. }
                | CInlineAsmOperand::InOut { reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::Reg(reg), .. } => {
                    regs[i] = Some(reg);
                    allocated.insert(reg, (true, true));
                }
                _ => (),
            }
        }

        // Allocate out/inout/inlateout registers first because they are more constrained.
        for (i, operand) in self.operands.iter().enumerate() {
            match *operand {
                CInlineAsmOperand::Out {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::RegClass(class),
                    late: false,
                    ..
                }
                | CInlineAsmOperand::InOut {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::RegClass(class), ..
                } => {
                    let mut alloc_reg = None;
                    for &reg in &map[&class] {
                        let mut used = false;
                        reg.overlapping_regs(|r| {
                            if allocated.contains_key(&r) {
                                used = true;
                            }
                        });

                        if !used {
                            alloc_reg = Some(reg);
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    let reg = alloc_reg.expect("cannot allocate registers");
                    regs[i] = Some(reg);
                    allocated.insert(reg, (true, true));
                }
                _ => (),
            }
        }

        // Allocate in/lateout.
        for (i, operand) in self.operands.iter().enumerate() {
            match *operand {
                CInlineAsmOperand::In { reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::RegClass(class), .. } => {
                    let mut alloc_reg = None;
                    for &reg in &map[&class] {
                        let mut used = false;
                        reg.overlapping_regs(|r| {
                            if allocated.get(&r).copied().unwrap_or_default().0 {
                                used = true;
                            }
                        });

                        if !used {
                            alloc_reg = Some(reg);
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    let reg = alloc_reg.expect("cannot allocate registers");
                    regs[i] = Some(reg);
                    allocated.entry(reg).or_default().0 = true;
                }
                CInlineAsmOperand::Out {
                    reg: InlineAsmRegOrRegClass::RegClass(class),
                    late: true,
                    ..
                } => {
                    let mut alloc_reg = None;
                    for &reg in &map[&class] {
                        let mut used = false;
                        reg.overlapping_regs(|r| {
                            if allocated.get(&r).copied().unwrap_or_default().1 {
                                used = true;
                            }
                        });

                        if !used {
                            alloc_reg = Some(reg);
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    let reg = alloc_reg.expect("cannot allocate registers");
                    regs[i] = Some(reg);
                    allocated.entry(reg).or_default().1 = true;
                }
                _ => (),
            }
        }

        self.registers = regs;
    }

    fn allocate_stack_slots(&mut self) {
        let mut slot_size = Size::from_bytes(0);
        let mut slots_clobber = vec![None; self.operands.len()];
        let mut slots_input = vec![None; self.operands.len()];
        let mut slots_output = vec![None; self.operands.len()];

        let new_slot_fn = |slot_size: &mut Size, reg_class: InlineAsmRegClass| {
            let reg_size =
                reg_class.supported_types(self.arch).iter().map(|(ty, _)| ty.size()).max().unwrap();
            let align = rustc_target::abi::Align::from_bytes(reg_size.bytes()).unwrap();
            let offset = slot_size.align_to(align);
            *slot_size = offset + reg_size;
            offset
        };
        let mut new_slot = |x| new_slot_fn(&mut slot_size, x);

        // Allocate stack slots for saving clobbered registers
        let abi_clobber = InlineAsmClobberAbi::parse(self.arch, &self.tcx.sess.target, sym::C)
            .unwrap()
            .clobbered_regs();
        for (i, reg) in self.registers.iter().enumerate().filter_map(|(i, r)| r.map(|r| (i, r))) {
            let mut need_save = true;
            // If the register overlaps with a register clobbered by function call, then
            // we don't need to save it.
            for r in abi_clobber {
                r.overlapping_regs(|r| {
                    if r == reg {
                        need_save = false;
                    }
                });

                if !need_save {
                    break;
                }
            }

            if need_save {
                slots_clobber[i] = Some(new_slot(reg.reg_class()));
            }
        }

        // Allocate stack slots for inout
        for (i, operand) in self.operands.iter().enumerate() {
            match *operand {
                CInlineAsmOperand::InOut { reg, out_place: Some(_), .. } => {
                    let slot = new_slot(reg.reg_class());
                    slots_input[i] = Some(slot);
                    slots_output[i] = Some(slot);
                }
                _ => (),
            }
        }

        let slot_size_before_input = slot_size;
        let mut new_slot = |x| new_slot_fn(&mut slot_size, x);

        // Allocate stack slots for input
        for (i, operand) in self.operands.iter().enumerate() {
            match *operand {
                CInlineAsmOperand::In { reg, .. }
                | CInlineAsmOperand::InOut { reg, out_place: None, .. } => {
                    slots_input[i] = Some(new_slot(reg.reg_class()));
                }
                _ => (),
            }
        }

        // Reset slot size to before input so that input and output operands can overlap
        // and save some memory.
        let slot_size_after_input = slot_size;
        slot_size = slot_size_before_input;
        let mut new_slot = |x| new_slot_fn(&mut slot_size, x);

        // Allocate stack slots for output
        for (i, operand) in self.operands.iter().enumerate() {
            match *operand {
                CInlineAsmOperand::Out { reg, place: Some(_), .. } => {
                    slots_output[i] = Some(new_slot(reg.reg_class()));
                }
                _ => (),
            }
        }

        slot_size = slot_size.max(slot_size_after_input);

        self.stack_slots_clobber = slots_clobber;
        self.stack_slots_input = slots_input;
        self.stack_slots_output = slots_output;
        self.stack_slot_size = slot_size;
    }

    fn generate_asm_wrapper(&self, asm_name: &str) -> String {
        let mut generated_asm = String::new();
        writeln!(generated_asm, ".globl {}", asm_name).unwrap();
        writeln!(generated_asm, ".type {},@function", asm_name).unwrap();
        writeln!(generated_asm, ".section .text.{},\"ax\",@progbits", asm_name).unwrap();
        writeln!(generated_asm, "{}:", asm_name).unwrap();

        let is_x86 = matches!(self.arch, InlineAsmArch::X86 | InlineAsmArch::X86_64);

        if is_x86 {
            generated_asm.push_str(".intel_syntax noprefix\n");
        }
        Self::prologue(&mut generated_asm, self.arch);

        // Save clobbered registers
        if !self.options.contains(InlineAsmOptions::NORETURN) {
            for (reg, slot) in self
                .registers
                .iter()
                .zip(self.stack_slots_clobber.iter().copied())
                .filter_map(|(r, s)| r.zip(s))
            {
                Self::save_register(&mut generated_asm, self.arch, reg, slot);
            }
        }

        // Write input registers
        for (reg, slot) in self
            .registers
            .iter()
            .zip(self.stack_slots_input.iter().copied())
            .filter_map(|(r, s)| r.zip(s))
        {
            Self::restore_register(&mut generated_asm, self.arch, reg, slot);
        }

        if is_x86 && self.options.contains(InlineAsmOptions::ATT_SYNTAX) {
            generated_asm.push_str(".att_syntax\n");
        }

        // The actual inline asm
        for piece in self.template {
            match piece {
                InlineAsmTemplatePiece::String(s) => {
                    generated_asm.push_str(s);
                }
                InlineAsmTemplatePiece::Placeholder { operand_idx, modifier, span: _ } => {
                    match self.operands[*operand_idx] {
                        CInlineAsmOperand::In { .. }
                        | CInlineAsmOperand::Out { .. }
                        | CInlineAsmOperand::InOut { .. } => {
                            if self.options.contains(InlineAsmOptions::ATT_SYNTAX) {
                                generated_asm.push('%');
                            }
                            self.registers[*operand_idx]
                                .unwrap()
                                .emit(&mut generated_asm, self.arch, *modifier)
                                .unwrap();
                        }
                        CInlineAsmOperand::Const { ref value } => {
                            generated_asm.push_str(value);
                        }
                        CInlineAsmOperand::Symbol { ref symbol } => generated_asm.push_str(symbol),
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        generated_asm.push('\n');

        if is_x86 && self.options.contains(InlineAsmOptions::ATT_SYNTAX) {
            generated_asm.push_str(".intel_syntax noprefix\n");
        }

        if !self.options.contains(InlineAsmOptions::NORETURN) {
            // Read output registers
            for (reg, slot) in self
                .registers
                .iter()
                .zip(self.stack_slots_output.iter().copied())
                .filter_map(|(r, s)| r.zip(s))
            {
                Self::save_register(&mut generated_asm, self.arch, reg, slot);
            }

            // Restore clobbered registers
            for (reg, slot) in self
                .registers
                .iter()
                .zip(self.stack_slots_clobber.iter().copied())
                .filter_map(|(r, s)| r.zip(s))
            {
                Self::restore_register(&mut generated_asm, self.arch, reg, slot);
            }

            Self::epilogue(&mut generated_asm, self.arch);
        } else {
            Self::epilogue_noreturn(&mut generated_asm, self.arch);
        }

        if is_x86 {
            generated_asm.push_str(".att_syntax\n");
        }
        writeln!(generated_asm, ".size {name}, .-{name}", name = asm_name).unwrap();
        generated_asm.push_str(".text\n");
        generated_asm.push_str("\n\n");

        generated_asm
    }

    fn prologue(generated_asm: &mut String, arch: InlineAsmArch) {
        match arch {
            InlineAsmArch::X86 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    push ebp\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    mov ebp,[esp+8]\n");
            }
            InlineAsmArch::X86_64 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    push rbp\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    mov rbp,rdi\n");
            }
            InlineAsmArch::RiscV32 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    addi sp, sp, -8\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    sw ra, 4(sp)\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    sw s0, 0(sp)\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    mv s0, a0\n");
            }
            InlineAsmArch::RiscV64 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    addi sp, sp, -16\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    sd ra, 8(sp)\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    sd s0, 0(sp)\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    mv s0, a0\n");
            }
            _ => unimplemented!("prologue for {:?}", arch),
        }
    }

    fn epilogue(generated_asm: &mut String, arch: InlineAsmArch) {
        match arch {
            InlineAsmArch::X86 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    pop ebp\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    ret\n");
            }
            InlineAsmArch::X86_64 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    pop rbp\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    ret\n");
            }
            InlineAsmArch::RiscV32 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    lw s0, 0(sp)\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    lw ra, 4(sp)\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    addi sp, sp, 8\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    ret\n");
            }
            InlineAsmArch::RiscV64 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    ld s0, 0(sp)\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    ld ra, 8(sp)\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    addi sp, sp, 16\n");
                generated_asm.push_str("    ret\n");
            }
            _ => unimplemented!("epilogue for {:?}", arch),
        }
    }

    fn epilogue_noreturn(generated_asm: &mut String, arch: InlineAsmArch) {
        match arch {
            InlineAsmArch::X86 | InlineAsmArch::X86_64 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    ud2\n");
            }
            InlineAsmArch::RiscV32 | InlineAsmArch::RiscV64 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    ebreak\n");
            }
            _ => unimplemented!("epilogue_noreturn for {:?}", arch),
        }
    }

    fn save_register(
        generated_asm: &mut String,
        arch: InlineAsmArch,
        reg: InlineAsmReg,
        offset: Size,
    ) {
        match arch {
            InlineAsmArch::X86 => {
                write!(generated_asm, "    mov [ebp+0x{:x}], ", offset.bytes()).unwrap();
                reg.emit(generated_asm, InlineAsmArch::X86, None).unwrap();
                generated_asm.push('\n');
            }
            InlineAsmArch::X86_64 => {
                write!(generated_asm, "    mov [rbp+0x{:x}], ", offset.bytes()).unwrap();
                reg.emit(generated_asm, InlineAsmArch::X86_64, None).unwrap();
                generated_asm.push('\n');
            }
            InlineAsmArch::RiscV32 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    sw ");
                reg.emit(generated_asm, InlineAsmArch::RiscV32, None).unwrap();
                writeln!(generated_asm, ", 0x{:x}(s0)", offset.bytes()).unwrap();
            }
            InlineAsmArch::RiscV64 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    sd ");
                reg.emit(generated_asm, InlineAsmArch::RiscV64, None).unwrap();
                writeln!(generated_asm, ", 0x{:x}(s0)", offset.bytes()).unwrap();
            }
            _ => unimplemented!("save_register for {:?}", arch),
        }
    }

    fn restore_register(
        generated_asm: &mut String,
        arch: InlineAsmArch,
        reg: InlineAsmReg,
        offset: Size,
    ) {
        match arch {
            InlineAsmArch::X86 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    mov ");
                reg.emit(generated_asm, InlineAsmArch::X86, None).unwrap();
                writeln!(generated_asm, ", [ebp+0x{:x}]", offset.bytes()).unwrap();
            }
            InlineAsmArch::X86_64 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    mov ");
                reg.emit(generated_asm, InlineAsmArch::X86_64, None).unwrap();
                writeln!(generated_asm, ", [rbp+0x{:x}]", offset.bytes()).unwrap();
            }
            InlineAsmArch::RiscV32 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    lw ");
                reg.emit(generated_asm, InlineAsmArch::RiscV32, None).unwrap();
                writeln!(generated_asm, ", 0x{:x}(s0)", offset.bytes()).unwrap();
            }
            InlineAsmArch::RiscV64 => {
                generated_asm.push_str("    ld ");
                reg.emit(generated_asm, InlineAsmArch::RiscV64, None).unwrap();
                writeln!(generated_asm, ", 0x{:x}(s0)", offset.bytes()).unwrap();
            }
            _ => unimplemented!("restore_register for {:?}", arch),
        }
    }
}

fn call_inline_asm<'tcx>(
    fx: &mut FunctionCx<'_, '_, 'tcx>,
    asm_name: &str,
    slot_size: Size,
    inputs: Vec<(Size, Value)>,
    outputs: Vec<(Size, CPlace<'tcx>)>,
) {
    let stack_slot = fx.bcx.func.create_sized_stack_slot(StackSlotData {
        kind: StackSlotKind::ExplicitSlot,
        size: u32::try_from(slot_size.bytes()).unwrap(),
    });
    if fx.clif_comments.enabled() {
        fx.add_comment(stack_slot, "inline asm scratch slot");
    }

    let inline_asm_func = fx
        .module
        .declare_function(
            asm_name,
            Linkage::Import,
            &Signature {
                call_conv: CallConv::SystemV,
                params: vec![AbiParam::new(fx.pointer_type)],
                returns: vec![],
            },
        )
        .unwrap();
    let inline_asm_func = fx.module.declare_func_in_func(inline_asm_func, &mut fx.bcx.func);
    if fx.clif_comments.enabled() {
        fx.add_comment(inline_asm_func, asm_name);
    }

    for (offset, value) in inputs {
        fx.bcx.ins().stack_store(value, stack_slot, i32::try_from(offset.bytes()).unwrap());
    }

    let stack_slot_addr = fx.bcx.ins().stack_addr(fx.pointer_type, stack_slot, 0);
    fx.bcx.ins().call(inline_asm_func, &[stack_slot_addr]);

    for (offset, place) in outputs {
        let ty = fx.clif_type(place.layout().ty).unwrap();
        let value = fx.bcx.ins().stack_load(ty, stack_slot, i32::try_from(offset.bytes()).unwrap());
        place.write_cvalue(fx, CValue::by_val(value, place.layout()));
    }
}