New upstream version 1.59.0+dfsg1

[rustc.git] / compiler / rustc_passes / src / dead.rs

// This implements the dead-code warning pass. It follows middle::reachable
// closely. The idea is that all reachable symbols are live, codes called
// from live codes are live, and everything else is dead.

use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
use rustc_hir as hir;
use rustc_hir::def::{CtorOf, DefKind, Res};
use rustc_hir::def_id::{DefId, LocalDefId};
use rustc_hir::intravisit::{self, NestedVisitorMap, Visitor};
use rustc_hir::itemlikevisit::ItemLikeVisitor;
use rustc_hir::{Node, PatKind, TyKind};
use rustc_middle::hir::map::Map;
use rustc_middle::middle::codegen_fn_attrs::CodegenFnAttrFlags;
use rustc_middle::middle::privacy;
use rustc_middle::ty::{self, DefIdTree, TyCtxt};
use rustc_session::lint;
use rustc_span::symbol::{sym, Symbol};
use std::mem;

// Any local node that may call something in its body block should be
// explored. For example, if it's a live Node::Item that is a
// function, then we should explore its block to check for codes that
// may need to be marked as live.
fn should_explore(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: LocalDefId) -> bool {
    matches!(
        tcx.hir().find(tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(def_id)),
        Some(
            Node::Item(..)
                | Node::ImplItem(..)
                | Node::ForeignItem(..)
                | Node::TraitItem(..)
                | Node::Variant(..)
                | Node::AnonConst(..)
        )
    )
}

struct MarkSymbolVisitor<'tcx> {
    worklist: Vec<LocalDefId>,
    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
    maybe_typeck_results: Option<&'tcx ty::TypeckResults<'tcx>>,
    live_symbols: FxHashSet<LocalDefId>,
    repr_has_repr_c: bool,
    in_pat: bool,
    inherited_pub_visibility: bool,
    pub_visibility: bool,
    ignore_variant_stack: Vec<DefId>,
    // maps from tuple struct constructors to tuple struct items
    struct_constructors: FxHashMap<LocalDefId, LocalDefId>,
}

impl<'tcx> MarkSymbolVisitor<'tcx> {
    /// Gets the type-checking results for the current body.
    /// As this will ICE if called outside bodies, only call when working with
    /// `Expr` or `Pat` nodes (they are guaranteed to be found only in bodies).
    #[track_caller]
    fn typeck_results(&self) -> &'tcx ty::TypeckResults<'tcx> {
        self.maybe_typeck_results
            .expect("`MarkSymbolVisitor::typeck_results` called outside of body")
    }

    fn check_def_id(&mut self, def_id: DefId) {
        if let Some(def_id) = def_id.as_local() {
            if should_explore(self.tcx, def_id) || self.struct_constructors.contains_key(&def_id) {
                self.worklist.push(def_id);
            }
            self.live_symbols.insert(def_id);
        }
    }

    fn insert_def_id(&mut self, def_id: DefId) {
        if let Some(def_id) = def_id.as_local() {
            debug_assert!(!should_explore(self.tcx, def_id));
            self.live_symbols.insert(def_id);
        }
    }

    fn handle_res(&mut self, res: Res) {
        match res {
            Res::Def(DefKind::Const | DefKind::AssocConst | DefKind::TyAlias, _) => {
                self.check_def_id(res.def_id());
            }
            _ if self.in_pat => {}
            Res::PrimTy(..) | Res::SelfCtor(..) | Res::Local(..) => {}
            Res::Def(DefKind::Ctor(CtorOf::Variant, ..), ctor_def_id) => {
                let variant_id = self.tcx.parent(ctor_def_id).unwrap();
                let enum_id = self.tcx.parent(variant_id).unwrap();
                self.check_def_id(enum_id);
                if !self.ignore_variant_stack.contains(&ctor_def_id) {
                    self.check_def_id(variant_id);
                }
            }
            Res::Def(DefKind::Variant, variant_id) => {
                let enum_id = self.tcx.parent(variant_id).unwrap();
                self.check_def_id(enum_id);
                if !self.ignore_variant_stack.contains(&variant_id) {
                    self.check_def_id(variant_id);
                }
            }
            Res::SelfTy(t, i) => {
                if let Some(t) = t {
                    self.check_def_id(t);
                }
                if let Some((i, _)) = i {
                    self.check_def_id(i);
                }
            }
            Res::ToolMod | Res::NonMacroAttr(..) | Res::Err => {}
            _ => {
                self.check_def_id(res.def_id());
            }
        }
    }

    fn lookup_and_handle_method(&mut self, id: hir::HirId) {
        if let Some(def_id) = self.typeck_results().type_dependent_def_id(id) {
            self.check_def_id(def_id);
        } else {
            bug!("no type-dependent def for method");
        }
    }

    fn handle_field_access(&mut self, lhs: &hir::Expr<'_>, hir_id: hir::HirId) {
        match self.typeck_results().expr_ty_adjusted(lhs).kind() {
            ty::Adt(def, _) => {
                let index = self.tcx.field_index(hir_id, self.typeck_results());
                self.insert_def_id(def.non_enum_variant().fields[index].did);
            }
            ty::Tuple(..) => {}
            _ => span_bug!(lhs.span, "named field access on non-ADT"),
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)] // FIXME(81658): should be used + lint reinstated after #83171 relands.
    fn handle_assign(&mut self, expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>) {
        if self
            .typeck_results()
            .expr_adjustments(expr)
            .iter()
            .any(|adj| matches!(adj.kind, ty::adjustment::Adjust::Deref(_)))
        {
            self.visit_expr(expr);
        } else if let hir::ExprKind::Field(base, ..) = expr.kind {
            // Ignore write to field
            self.handle_assign(base);
        } else {
            self.visit_expr(expr);
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)] // FIXME(81658): should be used + lint reinstated after #83171 relands.
    fn check_for_self_assign(&mut self, assign: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>) {
        fn check_for_self_assign_helper<'tcx>(
            tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
            typeck_results: &'tcx ty::TypeckResults<'tcx>,
            lhs: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
            rhs: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
        ) -> bool {
            match (&lhs.kind, &rhs.kind) {
                (hir::ExprKind::Path(ref qpath_l), hir::ExprKind::Path(ref qpath_r)) => {
                    if let (Res::Local(id_l), Res::Local(id_r)) = (
                        typeck_results.qpath_res(qpath_l, lhs.hir_id),
                        typeck_results.qpath_res(qpath_r, rhs.hir_id),
                    ) {
                        if id_l == id_r {
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                    return false;
                }
                (hir::ExprKind::Field(lhs_l, ident_l), hir::ExprKind::Field(lhs_r, ident_r)) => {
                    if ident_l == ident_r {
                        return check_for_self_assign_helper(tcx, typeck_results, lhs_l, lhs_r);
                    }
                    return false;
                }
                _ => {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }

        if let hir::ExprKind::Assign(lhs, rhs, _) = assign.kind {
            if check_for_self_assign_helper(self.tcx, self.typeck_results(), lhs, rhs)
                && !assign.span.from_expansion()
            {
                let is_field_assign = matches!(lhs.kind, hir::ExprKind::Field(..));
                self.tcx.struct_span_lint_hir(
                    lint::builtin::DEAD_CODE,
                    assign.hir_id,
                    assign.span,
                    |lint| {
                        lint.build(&format!(
                            "useless assignment of {} of type `{}` to itself",
                            if is_field_assign { "field" } else { "variable" },
                            self.typeck_results().expr_ty(lhs),
                        ))
                        .emit();
                    },
                )
            }
        }
    }

    fn handle_field_pattern_match(
        &mut self,
        lhs: &hir::Pat<'_>,
        res: Res,
        pats: &[hir::PatField<'_>],
    ) {
        let variant = match self.typeck_results().node_type(lhs.hir_id).kind() {
            ty::Adt(adt, _) => adt.variant_of_res(res),
            _ => span_bug!(lhs.span, "non-ADT in struct pattern"),
        };
        for pat in pats {
            if let PatKind::Wild = pat.pat.kind {
                continue;
            }
            let index = self.tcx.field_index(pat.hir_id, self.typeck_results());
            self.insert_def_id(variant.fields[index].did);
        }
    }

    fn mark_live_symbols(&mut self) {
        let mut scanned = FxHashSet::default();
        while let Some(id) = self.worklist.pop() {
            if !scanned.insert(id) {
                continue;
            }

            // in the case of tuple struct constructors we want to check the item, not the generated
            // tuple struct constructor function
            let id = self.struct_constructors.get(&id).copied().unwrap_or(id);

            if let Some(node) = self.tcx.hir().find(self.tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(id)) {
                self.live_symbols.insert(id);
                self.visit_node(node);
            }
        }
    }

    /// Automatically generated items marked with `rustc_trivial_field_reads`
    /// will be ignored for the purposes of dead code analysis (see PR #85200
    /// for discussion).
    fn should_ignore_item(&self, def_id: DefId) -> bool {
        if let Some(impl_of) = self.tcx.impl_of_method(def_id) {
            if !self.tcx.has_attr(impl_of, sym::automatically_derived) {
                return false;
            }

            if let Some(trait_of) = self.tcx.trait_id_of_impl(impl_of) {
                if self.tcx.has_attr(trait_of, sym::rustc_trivial_field_reads) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    fn visit_node(&mut self, node: Node<'tcx>) {
        if let Some(item_def_id) = match node {
            Node::ImplItem(hir::ImplItem { def_id, .. }) => Some(def_id.to_def_id()),
            _ => None,
        } {
            if self.should_ignore_item(item_def_id) {
                return;
            }
        }

        let had_repr_c = self.repr_has_repr_c;
        let had_inherited_pub_visibility = self.inherited_pub_visibility;
        let had_pub_visibility = self.pub_visibility;
        self.repr_has_repr_c = false;
        self.inherited_pub_visibility = false;
        self.pub_visibility = false;
        match node {
            Node::Item(item) => {
                self.pub_visibility = item.vis.node.is_pub();

                match item.kind {
                    hir::ItemKind::Struct(..) | hir::ItemKind::Union(..) => {
                        let def = self.tcx.adt_def(item.def_id);
                        self.repr_has_repr_c = def.repr.c();

                        intravisit::walk_item(self, &item);
                    }
                    hir::ItemKind::Enum(..) => {
                        self.inherited_pub_visibility = self.pub_visibility;

                        intravisit::walk_item(self, &item);
                    }
                    hir::ItemKind::ForeignMod { .. } => {}
                    _ => {
                        intravisit::walk_item(self, &item);
                    }
                }
            }
            Node::TraitItem(trait_item) => {
                intravisit::walk_trait_item(self, trait_item);
            }
            Node::ImplItem(impl_item) => {
                intravisit::walk_impl_item(self, impl_item);
            }
            Node::ForeignItem(foreign_item) => {
                intravisit::walk_foreign_item(self, &foreign_item);
            }
            _ => {}
        }
        self.pub_visibility = had_pub_visibility;
        self.inherited_pub_visibility = had_inherited_pub_visibility;
        self.repr_has_repr_c = had_repr_c;
    }

    fn mark_as_used_if_union(&mut self, adt: &ty::AdtDef, fields: &[hir::ExprField<'_>]) {
        if adt.is_union() && adt.non_enum_variant().fields.len() > 1 && adt.did.is_local() {
            for field in fields {
                let index = self.tcx.field_index(field.hir_id, self.typeck_results());
                self.insert_def_id(adt.non_enum_variant().fields[index].did);
            }
        }
    }
}

impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for MarkSymbolVisitor<'tcx> {
    type Map = intravisit::ErasedMap<'tcx>;

    fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> intravisit::NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
        NestedVisitorMap::None
    }

    fn visit_nested_body(&mut self, body: hir::BodyId) {
        let old_maybe_typeck_results =
            self.maybe_typeck_results.replace(self.tcx.typeck_body(body));
        let body = self.tcx.hir().body(body);
        self.visit_body(body);
        self.maybe_typeck_results = old_maybe_typeck_results;
    }

    fn visit_variant_data(
        &mut self,
        def: &'tcx hir::VariantData<'tcx>,
        _: Symbol,
        _: &hir::Generics<'_>,
        _: hir::HirId,
        _: rustc_span::Span,
    ) {
        let has_repr_c = self.repr_has_repr_c;
        let inherited_pub_visibility = self.inherited_pub_visibility;
        let pub_visibility = self.pub_visibility;
        let live_fields = def.fields().iter().filter(|f| {
            has_repr_c || (pub_visibility && (inherited_pub_visibility || f.vis.node.is_pub()))
        });
        let hir = self.tcx.hir();
        self.live_symbols.extend(live_fields.map(|f| hir.local_def_id(f.hir_id)));

        intravisit::walk_struct_def(self, def);
    }

    fn visit_expr(&mut self, expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>) {
        match expr.kind {
            hir::ExprKind::Path(ref qpath @ hir::QPath::TypeRelative(..)) => {
                let res = self.typeck_results().qpath_res(qpath, expr.hir_id);
                self.handle_res(res);
            }
            hir::ExprKind::MethodCall(..) => {
                self.lookup_and_handle_method(expr.hir_id);
            }
            hir::ExprKind::Field(ref lhs, ..) => {
                self.handle_field_access(&lhs, expr.hir_id);
            }
            hir::ExprKind::Struct(ref qpath, ref fields, _) => {
                let res = self.typeck_results().qpath_res(qpath, expr.hir_id);
                self.handle_res(res);
                if let ty::Adt(ref adt, _) = self.typeck_results().expr_ty(expr).kind() {
                    self.mark_as_used_if_union(adt, fields);
                }
            }
            _ => (),
        }

        intravisit::walk_expr(self, expr);
    }

    fn visit_arm(&mut self, arm: &'tcx hir::Arm<'tcx>) {
        // Inside the body, ignore constructions of variants
        // necessary for the pattern to match. Those construction sites
        // can't be reached unless the variant is constructed elsewhere.
        let len = self.ignore_variant_stack.len();
        self.ignore_variant_stack.extend(arm.pat.necessary_variants());
        intravisit::walk_arm(self, arm);
        self.ignore_variant_stack.truncate(len);
    }

    fn visit_pat(&mut self, pat: &'tcx hir::Pat<'tcx>) {
        self.in_pat = true;
        match pat.kind {
            PatKind::Struct(ref path, ref fields, _) => {
                let res = self.typeck_results().qpath_res(path, pat.hir_id);
                self.handle_field_pattern_match(pat, res, fields);
            }
            PatKind::Path(ref qpath) => {
                let res = self.typeck_results().qpath_res(qpath, pat.hir_id);
                self.handle_res(res);
            }
            _ => (),
        }

        intravisit::walk_pat(self, pat);
        self.in_pat = false;
    }

    fn visit_path(&mut self, path: &'tcx hir::Path<'tcx>, _: hir::HirId) {
        self.handle_res(path.res);
        intravisit::walk_path(self, path);
    }

    fn visit_ty(&mut self, ty: &'tcx hir::Ty<'tcx>) {
        if let TyKind::OpaqueDef(item_id, _) = ty.kind {
            let item = self.tcx.hir().item(item_id);
            intravisit::walk_item(self, item);
        }
        intravisit::walk_ty(self, ty);
    }

    fn visit_anon_const(&mut self, c: &'tcx hir::AnonConst) {
        // When inline const blocks are used in pattern position, paths
        // referenced by it should be considered as used.
        let in_pat = mem::replace(&mut self.in_pat, false);

        self.live_symbols.insert(self.tcx.hir().local_def_id(c.hir_id));
        intravisit::walk_anon_const(self, c);

        self.in_pat = in_pat;
    }
}

fn has_allow_dead_code_or_lang_attr(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, id: hir::HirId) -> bool {
    let attrs = tcx.hir().attrs(id);
    if tcx.sess.contains_name(attrs, sym::lang) {
        return true;
    }

    // Stable attribute for #[lang = "panic_impl"]
    if tcx.sess.contains_name(attrs, sym::panic_handler) {
        return true;
    }

    // (To be) stable attribute for #[lang = "oom"]
    if tcx.sess.contains_name(attrs, sym::alloc_error_handler) {
        return true;
    }

    let def_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id(id);
    let cg_attrs = tcx.codegen_fn_attrs(def_id);

    // #[used], #[no_mangle], #[export_name], etc also keeps the item alive
    // forcefully, e.g., for placing it in a specific section.
    if cg_attrs.contains_extern_indicator() || cg_attrs.flags.contains(CodegenFnAttrFlags::USED) {
        return true;
    }

    tcx.lint_level_at_node(lint::builtin::DEAD_CODE, id).0 == lint::Allow
}

// This visitor seeds items that
//   1) We want to explicitly consider as live:
//     * Item annotated with #[allow(dead_code)]
//         - This is done so that if we want to suppress warnings for a
//           group of dead functions, we only have to annotate the "root".
//           For example, if both `f` and `g` are dead and `f` calls `g`,
//           then annotating `f` with `#[allow(dead_code)]` will suppress
//           warning for both `f` and `g`.
//     * Item annotated with #[lang=".."]
//         - This is because lang items are always callable from elsewhere.
//   or
//   2) We are not sure to be live or not
//     * Implementations of traits and trait methods
struct LifeSeeder<'tcx> {
    worklist: Vec<LocalDefId>,
    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
    // see `MarkSymbolVisitor::struct_constructors`
    struct_constructors: FxHashMap<LocalDefId, LocalDefId>,
}

impl<'v, 'tcx> ItemLikeVisitor<'v> for LifeSeeder<'tcx> {
    fn visit_item(&mut self, item: &hir::Item<'_>) {
        let allow_dead_code = has_allow_dead_code_or_lang_attr(self.tcx, item.hir_id());
        if allow_dead_code {
            self.worklist.push(item.def_id);
        }
        match item.kind {
            hir::ItemKind::Enum(ref enum_def, _) => {
                let hir = self.tcx.hir();
                if allow_dead_code {
                    self.worklist.extend(
                        enum_def.variants.iter().map(|variant| hir.local_def_id(variant.id)),
                    );
                }

                for variant in enum_def.variants {
                    if let Some(ctor_hir_id) = variant.data.ctor_hir_id() {
                        self.struct_constructors
                            .insert(hir.local_def_id(ctor_hir_id), hir.local_def_id(variant.id));
                    }
                }
            }
            hir::ItemKind::Impl(hir::Impl { ref of_trait, items, .. }) => {
                if of_trait.is_some() {
                    self.worklist.push(item.def_id);
                }
                for impl_item_ref in items {
                    let impl_item = self.tcx.hir().impl_item(impl_item_ref.id);
                    if of_trait.is_some()
                        || has_allow_dead_code_or_lang_attr(self.tcx, impl_item.hir_id())
                    {
                        self.worklist.push(impl_item_ref.id.def_id);
                    }
                }
            }
            hir::ItemKind::Struct(ref variant_data, _) => {
                if let Some(ctor_hir_id) = variant_data.ctor_hir_id() {
                    self.struct_constructors
                        .insert(self.tcx.hir().local_def_id(ctor_hir_id), item.def_id);
                }
            }
            _ => (),
        }
    }

    fn visit_trait_item(&mut self, trait_item: &hir::TraitItem<'_>) {
        use hir::TraitItemKind::{Const, Fn};
        if matches!(trait_item.kind, Const(_, Some(_)) | Fn(_, hir::TraitFn::Provided(_)))
            && has_allow_dead_code_or_lang_attr(self.tcx, trait_item.hir_id())
        {
            self.worklist.push(trait_item.def_id);
        }
    }

    fn visit_impl_item(&mut self, _item: &hir::ImplItem<'_>) {
        // ignore: we are handling this in `visit_item` above
    }

    fn visit_foreign_item(&mut self, foreign_item: &hir::ForeignItem<'_>) {
        use hir::ForeignItemKind::{Fn, Static};
        if matches!(foreign_item.kind, Static(..) | Fn(..))
            && has_allow_dead_code_or_lang_attr(self.tcx, foreign_item.hir_id())
        {
            self.worklist.push(foreign_item.def_id);
        }
    }
}

fn create_and_seed_worklist<'tcx>(
    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
    access_levels: &privacy::AccessLevels,
) -> (Vec<LocalDefId>, FxHashMap<LocalDefId, LocalDefId>) {
    let worklist = access_levels
        .map
        .iter()
        .filter_map(
            |(&id, &level)| {
                if level >= privacy::AccessLevel::Reachable { Some(id) } else { None }
            },
        )
        // Seed entry point
        .chain(tcx.entry_fn(()).and_then(|(def_id, _)| def_id.as_local()))
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    // Seed implemented trait items
    let mut life_seeder = LifeSeeder { worklist, tcx, struct_constructors: Default::default() };
    tcx.hir().visit_all_item_likes(&mut life_seeder);

    (life_seeder.worklist, life_seeder.struct_constructors)
}

fn find_live<'tcx>(
    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
    access_levels: &privacy::AccessLevels,
) -> FxHashSet<LocalDefId> {
    let (worklist, struct_constructors) = create_and_seed_worklist(tcx, access_levels);
    let mut symbol_visitor = MarkSymbolVisitor {
        worklist,
        tcx,
        maybe_typeck_results: None,
        live_symbols: Default::default(),
        repr_has_repr_c: false,
        in_pat: false,
        inherited_pub_visibility: false,
        pub_visibility: false,
        ignore_variant_stack: vec![],
        struct_constructors,
    };
    symbol_visitor.mark_live_symbols();
    symbol_visitor.live_symbols
}

struct DeadVisitor<'tcx> {
    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
    live_symbols: FxHashSet<LocalDefId>,
}

impl<'tcx> DeadVisitor<'tcx> {
    fn should_warn_about_item(&mut self, item: &hir::Item<'_>) -> bool {
        let should_warn = matches!(
            item.kind,
            hir::ItemKind::Static(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Const(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Fn(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::TyAlias(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Enum(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Struct(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Union(..)
        );
        should_warn && !self.symbol_is_live(item.def_id)
    }

    fn should_warn_about_field(&mut self, field: &hir::FieldDef<'_>) -> bool {
        let def_id = self.tcx.hir().local_def_id(field.hir_id);
        let field_type = self.tcx.type_of(def_id);
        !field.is_positional()
            && !self.symbol_is_live(def_id)
            && !field_type.is_phantom_data()
            && !has_allow_dead_code_or_lang_attr(self.tcx, field.hir_id)
    }

    fn should_warn_about_variant(&mut self, variant: &hir::Variant<'_>) -> bool {
        let def_id = self.tcx.hir().local_def_id(variant.id);
        !self.symbol_is_live(def_id) && !has_allow_dead_code_or_lang_attr(self.tcx, variant.id)
    }

    fn should_warn_about_foreign_item(&mut self, fi: &hir::ForeignItem<'_>) -> bool {
        !self.symbol_is_live(fi.def_id) && !has_allow_dead_code_or_lang_attr(self.tcx, fi.hir_id())
    }

    // id := HIR id of an item's definition.
    fn symbol_is_live(&mut self, def_id: LocalDefId) -> bool {
        if self.live_symbols.contains(&def_id) {
            return true;
        }
        // If it's a type whose items are live, then it's live, too.
        // This is done to handle the case where, for example, the static
        // method of a private type is used, but the type itself is never
        // called directly.
        let inherent_impls = self.tcx.inherent_impls(def_id);
        for &impl_did in inherent_impls.iter() {
            for item_did in self.tcx.associated_item_def_ids(impl_did) {
                if let Some(def_id) = item_did.as_local() {
                    if self.live_symbols.contains(&def_id) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        false
    }

    fn warn_dead_code(
        &mut self,
        id: hir::HirId,
        span: rustc_span::Span,
        name: Symbol,
        participle: &str,
    ) {
        if !name.as_str().starts_with('_') {
            self.tcx.struct_span_lint_hir(lint::builtin::DEAD_CODE, id, span, |lint| {
                let def_id = self.tcx.hir().local_def_id(id);
                let descr = self.tcx.def_kind(def_id).descr(def_id.to_def_id());
                lint.build(&format!("{} is never {}: `{}`", descr, participle, name)).emit()
            });
        }
    }
}

impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for DeadVisitor<'tcx> {
    type Map = Map<'tcx>;

    /// Walk nested items in place so that we don't report dead-code
    /// on inner functions when the outer function is already getting
    /// an error. We could do this also by checking the parents, but
    /// this is how the code is setup and it seems harmless enough.
    fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
        NestedVisitorMap::All(self.tcx.hir())
    }

    fn visit_item(&mut self, item: &'tcx hir::Item<'tcx>) {
        if self.should_warn_about_item(item) {
            // For most items, we want to highlight its identifier
            let span = match item.kind {
                hir::ItemKind::Fn(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Mod(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Enum(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Struct(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Union(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Trait(..)
                | hir::ItemKind::Impl { .. } => {
                    // FIXME(66095): Because item.span is annotated with things
                    // like expansion data, and ident.span isn't, we use the
                    // def_span method if it's part of a macro invocation
                    // (and thus has a source_callee set).
                    // We should probably annotate ident.span with the macro
                    // context, but that's a larger change.
                    if item.span.source_callee().is_some() {
                        self.tcx.sess.source_map().guess_head_span(item.span)
                    } else {
                        item.ident.span
                    }
                }
                _ => item.span,
            };
            let participle = match item.kind {
                hir::ItemKind::Struct(..) => "constructed", // Issue #52325
                _ => "used",
            };
            self.warn_dead_code(item.hir_id(), span, item.ident.name, participle);
        } else {
            // Only continue if we didn't warn
            intravisit::walk_item(self, item);
        }
    }

    fn visit_variant(
        &mut self,
        variant: &'tcx hir::Variant<'tcx>,
        g: &'tcx hir::Generics<'tcx>,
        id: hir::HirId,
    ) {
        if self.should_warn_about_variant(&variant) {
            self.warn_dead_code(variant.id, variant.span, variant.ident.name, "constructed");
        } else {
            intravisit::walk_variant(self, variant, g, id);
        }
    }

    fn visit_foreign_item(&mut self, fi: &'tcx hir::ForeignItem<'tcx>) {
        if self.should_warn_about_foreign_item(fi) {
            self.warn_dead_code(fi.hir_id(), fi.span, fi.ident.name, "used");
        }
        intravisit::walk_foreign_item(self, fi);
    }

    fn visit_field_def(&mut self, field: &'tcx hir::FieldDef<'tcx>) {
        if self.should_warn_about_field(&field) {
            self.warn_dead_code(field.hir_id, field.span, field.ident.name, "read");
        }
        intravisit::walk_field_def(self, field);
    }

    fn visit_impl_item(&mut self, impl_item: &'tcx hir::ImplItem<'tcx>) {
        match impl_item.kind {
            hir::ImplItemKind::Const(_, body_id) => {
                if !self.symbol_is_live(impl_item.def_id) {
                    self.warn_dead_code(
                        impl_item.hir_id(),
                        impl_item.span,
                        impl_item.ident.name,
                        "used",
                    );
                }
                self.visit_nested_body(body_id)
            }
            hir::ImplItemKind::Fn(_, body_id) => {
                if !self.symbol_is_live(impl_item.def_id) {
                    // FIXME(66095): Because impl_item.span is annotated with things
                    // like expansion data, and ident.span isn't, we use the
                    // def_span method if it's part of a macro invocation
                    // (and thus has a source_callee set).
                    // We should probably annotate ident.span with the macro
                    // context, but that's a larger change.
                    let span = if impl_item.span.source_callee().is_some() {
                        self.tcx.sess.source_map().guess_head_span(impl_item.span)
                    } else {
                        impl_item.ident.span
                    };
                    self.warn_dead_code(impl_item.hir_id(), span, impl_item.ident.name, "used");
                }
                self.visit_nested_body(body_id)
            }
            hir::ImplItemKind::TyAlias(..) => {}
        }
    }

    // Overwrite so that we don't warn the trait item itself.
    fn visit_trait_item(&mut self, trait_item: &'tcx hir::TraitItem<'tcx>) {
        match trait_item.kind {
            hir::TraitItemKind::Const(_, Some(body_id))
            | hir::TraitItemKind::Fn(_, hir::TraitFn::Provided(body_id)) => {
                self.visit_nested_body(body_id)
            }
            hir::TraitItemKind::Const(_, None)
            | hir::TraitItemKind::Fn(_, hir::TraitFn::Required(_))
            | hir::TraitItemKind::Type(..) => {}
        }
    }
}

pub fn check_crate(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) {
    let access_levels = &tcx.privacy_access_levels(());
    let live_symbols = find_live(tcx, access_levels);
    let mut visitor = DeadVisitor { tcx, live_symbols };
    tcx.hir().walk_toplevel_module(&mut visitor);
}