[mirror_qemu.git] / hw / input / virtio-input.c

/*
 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or
 * (at your option) any later version.  See the COPYING file in the
 * top-level directory.
 */

#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qemu/iov.h"
#include "trace.h"

#include "hw/qdev.h"
#include "hw/virtio/virtio.h"
#include "hw/virtio/virtio-input.h"

#include "standard-headers/linux/input.h"

#define VIRTIO_INPUT_VM_VERSION 1

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

void virtio_input_send(VirtIOInput *vinput, virtio_input_event *event)
{
    VirtQueueElement *elem;
    int i, len;

    if (!vinput->active) {
        return;
    }

    /* queue up events ... */
    if (vinput->qindex == vinput->qsize) {
        vinput->qsize++;
        vinput->queue = g_realloc(vinput->queue, vinput->qsize *
                                  sizeof(vinput->queue[0]));
    }
    vinput->queue[vinput->qindex++].event = *event;

    /* ... until we see a report sync ... */
    if (event->type != cpu_to_le16(EV_SYN) ||
        event->code != cpu_to_le16(SYN_REPORT)) {
        return;
    }

    /* ... then check available space ... */
    for (i = 0; i < vinput->qindex; i++) {
        elem = virtqueue_pop(vinput->evt, sizeof(VirtQueueElement));
        if (!elem) {
            while (--i >= 0) {
                virtqueue_unpop(vinput->evt, vinput->queue[i].elem, 0);
            }
            vinput->qindex = 0;
            trace_virtio_input_queue_full();
            return;
        }
        vinput->queue[i].elem = elem;
    }

    /* ... and finally pass them to the guest */
    for (i = 0; i < vinput->qindex; i++) {
        elem = vinput->queue[i].elem;
        len = iov_from_buf(elem->in_sg, elem->in_num,
                           0, &vinput->queue[i].event, sizeof(virtio_input_event));
        virtqueue_push(vinput->evt, elem, len);
        g_free(elem);
    }
    virtio_notify(VIRTIO_DEVICE(vinput), vinput->evt);
    vinput->qindex = 0;
}

static void virtio_input_handle_evt(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtQueue *vq)
{
    /* nothing */
}

static void virtio_input_handle_sts(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtQueue *vq)
{
    VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(vdev);
    VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);
    virtio_input_event event;
    VirtQueueElement *elem;
    int len;

    for (;;) {
        elem = virtqueue_pop(vinput->sts, sizeof(VirtQueueElement));
        if (!elem) {
            break;
        }

        memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
        len = iov_to_buf(elem->out_sg, elem->out_num,
                         0, &event, sizeof(event));
        if (vic->handle_status) {
            vic->handle_status(vinput, &event);
        }
        virtqueue_push(vinput->sts, elem, len);
        g_free(elem);
    }
    virtio_notify(vdev, vinput->sts);
}

virtio_input_config *virtio_input_find_config(VirtIOInput *vinput,
                                              uint8_t select,
                                              uint8_t subsel)
{
    VirtIOInputConfig *cfg;

    QTAILQ_FOREACH(cfg, &vinput->cfg_list, node) {
        if (select == cfg->config.select &&
            subsel == cfg->config.subsel) {
            return &cfg->config;
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

void virtio_input_add_config(VirtIOInput *vinput,
                             virtio_input_config *config)
{
    VirtIOInputConfig *cfg;

    if (virtio_input_find_config(vinput, config->select, config->subsel)) {
        /* should not happen */
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: duplicate config: %d/%d\n",
                __func__, config->select, config->subsel);
        abort();
    }

    cfg = g_new0(VirtIOInputConfig, 1);
    cfg->config = *config;
    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vinput->cfg_list, cfg, node);
}

void virtio_input_init_config(VirtIOInput *vinput,
                              virtio_input_config *config)
{
    int i = 0;

    QTAILQ_INIT(&vinput->cfg_list);
    while (config[i].select) {
        virtio_input_add_config(vinput, config + i);
        i++;
    }
}

void virtio_input_idstr_config(VirtIOInput *vinput,
                               uint8_t select, const char *string)
{
    virtio_input_config id;

    if (!string) {
        return;
    }
    memset(&id, 0, sizeof(id));
    id.select = select;
    id.size = snprintf(id.u.string, sizeof(id.u.string), "%s", string);
    virtio_input_add_config(vinput, &id);
}

static void virtio_input_get_config(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t *config_data)
{
    VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);
    virtio_input_config *config;

    config = virtio_input_find_config(vinput, vinput->cfg_select,
                                      vinput->cfg_subsel);
    if (config) {
        memcpy(config_data, config, vinput->cfg_size);
    } else {
        memset(config_data, 0, vinput->cfg_size);
    }
}

static void virtio_input_set_config(VirtIODevice *vdev,
                                    const uint8_t *config_data)
{
    VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);
    virtio_input_config *config = (virtio_input_config *)config_data;

    vinput->cfg_select = config->select;
    vinput->cfg_subsel = config->subsel;
    virtio_notify_config(vdev);
}

static uint64_t virtio_input_get_features(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint64_t f,
                                          Error **errp)
{
    return f;
}

static void virtio_input_set_status(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t val)
{
    VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(vdev);
    VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);

    if (val & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK) {
        if (!vinput->active) {
            vinput->active = true;
            if (vic->change_active) {
                vic->change_active(vinput);
            }
        }
    }
}

static void virtio_input_reset(VirtIODevice *vdev)
{
    VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(vdev);
    VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);

    if (vinput->active) {
        vinput->active = false;
        if (vic->change_active) {
            vic->change_active(vinput);
        }
    }
}

static int virtio_input_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
{
    VirtIOInput *vinput = opaque;
    VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(vinput);
    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(vinput);

    vinput->active = vdev->status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK;
    if (vic->change_active) {
        vic->change_active(vinput);
    }
    return 0;
}

static void virtio_input_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
{
    VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(dev);
    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
    VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(dev);
    VirtIOInputConfig *cfg;
    Error *local_err = NULL;

    if (vic->realize) {
        vic->realize(dev, &local_err);
        if (local_err) {
            error_propagate(errp, local_err);
            return;
        }
    }

    virtio_input_idstr_config(vinput, VIRTIO_INPUT_CFG_ID_SERIAL,
                              vinput->serial);

    QTAILQ_FOREACH(cfg, &vinput->cfg_list, node) {
        if (vinput->cfg_size < cfg->config.size) {
            vinput->cfg_size = cfg->config.size;
        }
    }
    vinput->cfg_size += 8;
    assert(vinput->cfg_size <= sizeof(virtio_input_config));

    virtio_init(vdev, "virtio-input", VIRTIO_ID_INPUT,
                vinput->cfg_size);
    vinput->evt = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 64, virtio_input_handle_evt);
    vinput->sts = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 64, virtio_input_handle_sts);
}

static void virtio_input_finalize(Object *obj)
{
    VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(obj);
    VirtIOInputConfig *cfg, *next;

    QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(cfg, &vinput->cfg_list, node, next) {
        QTAILQ_REMOVE(&vinput->cfg_list, cfg, node);
        g_free(cfg);
    }

    g_free(vinput->queue);
}
static void virtio_input_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
{
    VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(dev);
    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
    Error *local_err = NULL;

    if (vic->unrealize) {
        vic->unrealize(dev, &local_err);
        if (local_err) {
            error_propagate(errp, local_err);
            return;
        }
    }
    virtio_cleanup(vdev);
}

static const VMStateDescription vmstate_virtio_input = {
    .name = "virtio-input",
    .minimum_version_id = VIRTIO_INPUT_VM_VERSION,
    .version_id = VIRTIO_INPUT_VM_VERSION,
    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
        VMSTATE_VIRTIO_DEVICE,
        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
    },
    .post_load = virtio_input_post_load,
};

static Property virtio_input_properties[] = {
    DEFINE_PROP_STRING("serial", VirtIOInput, serial),
    DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
};

static void virtio_input_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
    VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

    dc->props          = virtio_input_properties;
    dc->vmsd           = &vmstate_virtio_input;
    set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_INPUT, dc->categories);
    vdc->realize      = virtio_input_device_realize;
    vdc->unrealize    = virtio_input_device_unrealize;
    vdc->get_config   = virtio_input_get_config;
    vdc->set_config   = virtio_input_set_config;
    vdc->get_features = virtio_input_get_features;
    vdc->set_status   = virtio_input_set_status;
    vdc->reset        = virtio_input_reset;
}

static const TypeInfo virtio_input_info = {
    .name          = TYPE_VIRTIO_INPUT,
    .parent        = TYPE_VIRTIO_DEVICE,
    .instance_size = sizeof(VirtIOInput),
    .class_size    = sizeof(VirtIOInputClass),
    .class_init    = virtio_input_class_init,
    .abstract      = true,
    .instance_finalize = virtio_input_finalize,
};

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

static void virtio_register_types(void)
{
    type_register_static(&virtio_input_info);
}

type_init(virtio_register_types)
Commit	Line	Data
f73ddbad GH	1	/*
	2	* This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or
	3	* (at your option) any later version. See the COPYING file in the
	4	* top-level directory.
	5	*/
	6
9b8bfe21	7	#include "qemu/osdep.h"
da34e65c	8	#include "qapi/error.h"
f73ddbad	9	#include "qemu/iov.h"
c80276b4	10	#include "trace.h"
f73ddbad GH	11
	12	#include "hw/qdev.h"
	13	#include "hw/virtio/virtio.h"
	14	#include "hw/virtio/virtio-input.h"
	15
	16	#include "standard-headers/linux/input.h"
	17
2d738374 GH	18	#define VIRTIO_INPUT_VM_VERSION 1
2d738374 GH	19
f73ddbad GH	20	/* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
	21
	22	void virtio_input_send(VirtIOInput vinput, virtio_input_event event)
	23	{
51b19ebe	24	VirtQueueElement *elem;
f73ddbad GH	25	int i, len;
f73ddbad GH	26
d9460a75 GH	27	if (!vinput->active) {
	28	return;
	29	}
	30
f73ddbad GH	31	/* queue up events ... */
	32	if (vinput->qindex == vinput->qsize) {
	33	vinput->qsize++;
0f5a15e4	34	vinput->queue = g_realloc(vinput->queue, vinput->qsize *
57094547	35	sizeof(vinput->queue[0]));
f73ddbad	36	}
57094547	37	vinput->queue[vinput->qindex++].event = *event;
f73ddbad GH	38
	39	/* ... until we see a report sync ... */
	40	if (event->type != cpu_to_le16(EV_SYN) \|\|
	41	event->code != cpu_to_le16(SYN_REPORT)) {
	42	return;
	43	}
	44
	45	/* ... then check available space ... */
f73ddbad	46	for (i = 0; i < vinput->qindex; i++) {
51b19ebe PB	47	elem = virtqueue_pop(vinput->evt, sizeof(VirtQueueElement));
51b19ebe PB	48	if (!elem) {
57094547 LP	49	while (--i >= 0) {
	50	virtqueue_unpop(vinput->evt, vinput->queue[i].elem, 0);
	51	}
	52	vinput->qindex = 0;
	53	trace_virtio_input_queue_full();
f73ddbad GH	54	return;
f73ddbad GH	55	}
57094547 LP	56	vinput->queue[i].elem = elem;
	57	}
	58
	59	/* ... and finally pass them to the guest */
	60	for (i = 0; i < vinput->qindex; i++) {
	61	elem = vinput->queue[i].elem;
51b19ebe	62	len = iov_from_buf(elem->in_sg, elem->in_num,
57094547	63	0, &vinput->queue[i].event, sizeof(virtio_input_event));
51b19ebe PB	64	virtqueue_push(vinput->evt, elem, len);
51b19ebe PB	65	g_free(elem);
f73ddbad GH	66	}
	67	virtio_notify(VIRTIO_DEVICE(vinput), vinput->evt);
	68	vinput->qindex = 0;
	69	}
	70
	71	static void virtio_input_handle_evt(VirtIODevice vdev, VirtQueue vq)
	72	{
	73	/* nothing */
	74	}
	75
	76	static void virtio_input_handle_sts(VirtIODevice vdev, VirtQueue vq)
	77	{
	78	VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(vdev);
	79	VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);
	80	virtio_input_event event;
51b19ebe	81	VirtQueueElement *elem;
f73ddbad GH	82	int len;
f73ddbad GH	83
51b19ebe PB	84	for (;;) {
	85	elem = virtqueue_pop(vinput->sts, sizeof(VirtQueueElement));
	86	if (!elem) {
	87	break;
	88	}
	89
f73ddbad	90	memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
51b19ebe	91	len = iov_to_buf(elem->out_sg, elem->out_num,
f73ddbad GH	92	0, &event, sizeof(event));
	93	if (vic->handle_status) {
	94	vic->handle_status(vinput, &event);
	95	}
51b19ebe PB	96	virtqueue_push(vinput->sts, elem, len);
51b19ebe PB	97	g_free(elem);
f73ddbad GH	98	}
	99	virtio_notify(vdev, vinput->sts);
	100	}
	101
b065e275 LP	102	virtio_input_config virtio_input_find_config(VirtIOInput vinput,
	103	uint8_t select,
	104	uint8_t subsel)
f73ddbad GH	105	{
	106	VirtIOInputConfig *cfg;
	107
	108	QTAILQ_FOREACH(cfg, &vinput->cfg_list, node) {
	109	if (select == cfg->config.select &&
	110	subsel == cfg->config.subsel) {
	111	return &cfg->config;
	112	}
	113	}
	114	return NULL;
	115	}
	116
	117	void virtio_input_add_config(VirtIOInput *vinput,
	118	virtio_input_config *config)
	119	{
	120	VirtIOInputConfig *cfg;
	121
	122	if (virtio_input_find_config(vinput, config->select, config->subsel)) {
	123	/* should not happen */
	124	fprintf(stderr, "%s: duplicate config: %d/%d\n",
	125	__func__, config->select, config->subsel);
	126	abort();
	127	}
	128
	129	cfg = g_new0(VirtIOInputConfig, 1);
	130	cfg->config = *config;
	131	QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vinput->cfg_list, cfg, node);
	132	}
	133
	134	void virtio_input_init_config(VirtIOInput *vinput,
	135	virtio_input_config *config)
	136	{
	137	int i = 0;
	138
	139	QTAILQ_INIT(&vinput->cfg_list);
	140	while (config[i].select) {
	141	virtio_input_add_config(vinput, config + i);
	142	i++;
	143	}
	144	}
	145
	146	void virtio_input_idstr_config(VirtIOInput *vinput,
	147	uint8_t select, const char *string)
	148	{
	149	virtio_input_config id;
	150
	151	if (!string) {
	152	return;
	153	}
	154	memset(&id, 0, sizeof(id));
	155	id.select = select;
	156	id.size = snprintf(id.u.string, sizeof(id.u.string), "%s", string);
	157	virtio_input_add_config(vinput, &id);
	158	}
	159
	160	static void virtio_input_get_config(VirtIODevice vdev, uint8_t config_data)
	161	{
	162	VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);
	163	virtio_input_config *config;
	164
	165	config = virtio_input_find_config(vinput, vinput->cfg_select,
	166	vinput->cfg_subsel);
	167	if (config) {
	168	memcpy(config_data, config, vinput->cfg_size);
169	} else {
170	memset(config_data, 0, vinput->cfg_size);
171	}
172	}
173
174	static void virtio_input_set_config(VirtIODevice *vdev,
175	const uint8_t *config_data)
176	{
177	VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);
178	virtio_input_config config = (virtio_input_config )config_data;
179
180	vinput->cfg_select = config->select;
181	vinput->cfg_subsel = config->subsel;
182	virtio_notify_config(vdev);
183	}
184
9d5b731d JW	185	static uint64_t virtio_input_get_features(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint64_t f,
9d5b731d JW	186	Error **errp)
f73ddbad GH	187	{
	188	return f;
	189	}
	190
	191	static void virtio_input_set_status(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t val)
	192	{
	193	VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(vdev);
	194	VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);
	195
	196	if (val & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK) {
	197	if (!vinput->active) {
	198	vinput->active = true;
	199	if (vic->change_active) {
	200	vic->change_active(vinput);
	201	}
	202	}
	203	}
	204	}
	205
	206	static void virtio_input_reset(VirtIODevice *vdev)
	207	{
	208	VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(vdev);
	209	VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(vdev);
	210
	211	if (vinput->active) {
	212	vinput->active = false;
	213	if (vic->change_active) {
	214	vic->change_active(vinput);
	215	}
	216	}
	217	}
	218
73a17349	219	static int virtio_input_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
2d738374 GH	220	{
	221	VirtIOInput *vinput = opaque;
	222	VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(vinput);
	223	VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(vinput);
2d738374	224
2d738374 GH	225	vinput->active = vdev->status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK;
	226	if (vic->change_active) {
	227	vic->change_active(vinput);
	228	}
	229	return 0;
	230	}
	231
f73ddbad GH	232	static void virtio_input_device_realize(DeviceState dev, Error *errp)
	233	{
	234	VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(dev);
	235	VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
	236	VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(dev);
	237	VirtIOInputConfig *cfg;
	238	Error *local_err = NULL;
	239
	240	if (vic->realize) {
	241	vic->realize(dev, &local_err);
	242	if (local_err) {
	243	error_propagate(errp, local_err);
	244	return;
	245	}
	246	}
	247
	248	virtio_input_idstr_config(vinput, VIRTIO_INPUT_CFG_ID_SERIAL,
6f2b9a5b	249	vinput->serial);
f73ddbad GH	250
	251	QTAILQ_FOREACH(cfg, &vinput->cfg_list, node) {
	252	if (vinput->cfg_size < cfg->config.size) {
	253	vinput->cfg_size = cfg->config.size;
	254	}
	255	}
	256	vinput->cfg_size += 8;
	257	assert(vinput->cfg_size <= sizeof(virtio_input_config));
	258
	259	virtio_init(vdev, "virtio-input", VIRTIO_ID_INPUT,
	260	vinput->cfg_size);
	261	vinput->evt = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 64, virtio_input_handle_evt);
	262	vinput->sts = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 64, virtio_input_handle_sts);
	263	}
	264
0137a557 MAL	265	static void virtio_input_finalize(Object *obj)
	266	{
	267	VirtIOInput *vinput = VIRTIO_INPUT(obj);
	268	VirtIOInputConfig cfg, next;
	269
	270	QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(cfg, &vinput->cfg_list, node, next) {
	271	QTAILQ_REMOVE(&vinput->cfg_list, cfg, node);
	272	g_free(cfg);
	273	}
0f5a15e4 LP	274
0f5a15e4 LP	275	g_free(vinput->queue);
0137a557	276	}
f73ddbad GH	277	static void virtio_input_device_unrealize(DeviceState dev, Error *errp)
	278	{
	279	VirtIOInputClass *vic = VIRTIO_INPUT_GET_CLASS(dev);
	280	VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
	281	Error *local_err = NULL;
	282
	283	if (vic->unrealize) {
	284	vic->unrealize(dev, &local_err);
	285	if (local_err) {
	286	error_propagate(errp, local_err);
	287	return;
	288	}
	289	}
	290	virtio_cleanup(vdev);
	291	}
	292
73a17349 HP	293	static const VMStateDescription vmstate_virtio_input = {
	294	.name = "virtio-input",
	295	.minimum_version_id = VIRTIO_INPUT_VM_VERSION,
	296	.version_id = VIRTIO_INPUT_VM_VERSION,
	297	.fields = (VMStateField[]) {
	298	VMSTATE_VIRTIO_DEVICE,
	299	VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
	300	},
	301	.post_load = virtio_input_post_load,
	302	};
428d2ed2	303
6f2b9a5b GH	304	static Property virtio_input_properties[] = {
	305	DEFINE_PROP_STRING("serial", VirtIOInput, serial),
	306	DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
	307	};
	308
f73ddbad GH	309	static void virtio_input_class_init(ObjectClass klass, void data)
	310	{
	311	DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
	312	VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
	313
6f2b9a5b	314	dc->props = virtio_input_properties;
428d2ed2	315	dc->vmsd = &vmstate_virtio_input;
f73ddbad GH	316	set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_INPUT, dc->categories);
	317	vdc->realize = virtio_input_device_realize;
	318	vdc->unrealize = virtio_input_device_unrealize;
	319	vdc->get_config = virtio_input_get_config;
	320	vdc->set_config = virtio_input_set_config;
	321	vdc->get_features = virtio_input_get_features;
	322	vdc->set_status = virtio_input_set_status;
	323	vdc->reset = virtio_input_reset;
	324	}
	325
	326	static const TypeInfo virtio_input_info = {
	327	.name = TYPE_VIRTIO_INPUT,
	328	.parent = TYPE_VIRTIO_DEVICE,
	329	.instance_size = sizeof(VirtIOInput),
	330	.class_size = sizeof(VirtIOInputClass),
	331	.class_init = virtio_input_class_init,
	332	.abstract = true,
0137a557	333	.instance_finalize = virtio_input_finalize,
f73ddbad GH	334	};
	335
	336	/* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
	337
	338	static void virtio_register_types(void)
	339	{
	340	type_register_static(&virtio_input_info);
	341	}
	342
	343	type_init(virtio_register_types)