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b2441318 1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
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2#ifndef _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H
3#define _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H
4
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5/*
6 * Jump label support
7 *
8 * Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
90eec103 9 * Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Red Hat, Inc., Peter Zijlstra
efb3040d 10 *
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11 * DEPRECATED API:
12 *
13 * The use of 'struct static_key' directly, is now DEPRECATED. In addition
14 * static_key_{true,false}() is also DEPRECATED. IE DO NOT use the following:
15 *
16 * struct static_key false = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE;
17 * struct static_key true = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE;
18 * static_key_true()
19 * static_key_false()
20 *
21 * The updated API replacements are:
22 *
23 * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(key);
24 * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(key);
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25 * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_ARRAY_TRUE(keys, count);
26 * DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_ARRAY_FALSE(keys, count);
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27 * static_branch_likely()
28 * static_branch_unlikely()
412758cb 29 *
efb3040d 30 * Jump labels provide an interface to generate dynamic branches using
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31 * self-modifying code. Assuming toolchain and architecture support, if we
32 * define a "key" that is initially false via "DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(key)",
33 * an "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))" statement is an unconditional branch
34 * (which defaults to false - and the true block is placed out of line).
35 * Similarly, we can define an initially true key via
36 * "DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(key)", and use it in the same
37 * "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))", in which case we will generate an
38 * unconditional branch to the out-of-line true branch. Keys that are
39 * initially true or false can be using in both static_branch_unlikely()
40 * and static_branch_likely() statements.
efb3040d 41 *
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42 * At runtime we can change the branch target by setting the key
43 * to true via a call to static_branch_enable(), or false using
44 * static_branch_disable(). If the direction of the branch is switched by
45 * these calls then we run-time modify the branch target via a
46 * no-op -> jump or jump -> no-op conversion. For example, for an
47 * initially false key that is used in an "if (static_branch_unlikely(&key))"
48 * statement, setting the key to true requires us to patch in a jump
49 * to the out-of-line of true branch.
efb3040d 50 *
1975dbc2 51 * In addition to static_branch_{enable,disable}, we can also reference count
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52 * the key or branch direction via static_branch_{inc,dec}. Thus,
53 * static_branch_inc() can be thought of as a 'make more true' and
1975dbc2 54 * static_branch_dec() as a 'make more false'.
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55 *
56 * Since this relies on modifying code, the branch modifying functions
efb3040d 57 * must be considered absolute slow paths (machine wide synchronization etc.).
fd3cbdc0 58 * OTOH, since the affected branches are unconditional, their runtime overhead
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59 * will be absolutely minimal, esp. in the default (off) case where the total
60 * effect is a single NOP of appropriate size. The on case will patch in a jump
61 * to the out-of-line block.
62 *
fd3cbdc0 63 * When the control is directly exposed to userspace, it is prudent to delay the
efb3040d 64 * decrement to avoid high frequency code modifications which can (and do)
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65 * cause significant performance degradation. Struct static_key_deferred and
66 * static_key_slow_dec_deferred() provide for this.
efb3040d 67 *
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68 * Lacking toolchain and or architecture support, static keys fall back to a
69 * simple conditional branch.
c5905afb 70 *
412758cb 71 * Additional babbling in: Documentation/static-keys.txt
fd3cbdc0 72 */
efb3040d 73
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74#if defined(CC_HAVE_ASM_GOTO) && defined(CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL)
75# define HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
76#endif
77
78#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
79
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80#include <linux/types.h>
81#include <linux/compiler.h>
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82
83extern bool static_key_initialized;
84
85#define STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE() WARN(!static_key_initialized, \
86 "%s used before call to jump_label_init", \
87 __func__)
d430d3d7 88
c0ccf6f9 89#ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
d430d3d7 90
c5905afb 91struct static_key {
d430d3d7 92 atomic_t enabled;
3821fd35 93/*
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94 * Note:
95 * To make anonymous unions work with old compilers, the static
96 * initialization of them requires brackets. This creates a dependency
97 * on the order of the struct with the initializers. If any fields
98 * are added, STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE and STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE may need
99 * to be modified.
100 *
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101 * bit 0 => 1 if key is initially true
102 * 0 if initially false
103 * bit 1 => 1 if points to struct static_key_mod
104 * 0 if points to struct jump_entry
105 */
106 union {
107 unsigned long type;
108 struct jump_entry *entries;
109 struct static_key_mod *next;
110 };
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111};
112
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113#else
114struct static_key {
115 atomic_t enabled;
116};
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117#endif /* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
118#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
119
120#ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
121#include <asm/jump_label.h>
122#endif
123
124#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
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125
126enum jump_label_type {
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127 JUMP_LABEL_NOP = 0,
128 JUMP_LABEL_JMP,
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129};
130
131struct module;
132
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133#ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
134
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135#define JUMP_TYPE_FALSE 0UL
136#define JUMP_TYPE_TRUE 1UL
137#define JUMP_TYPE_LINKED 2UL
138#define JUMP_TYPE_MASK 3UL
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139
140static __always_inline bool static_key_false(struct static_key *key)
141{
11276d53 142 return arch_static_branch(key, false);
c5905afb 143}
d430d3d7 144
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145static __always_inline bool static_key_true(struct static_key *key)
146{
11276d53 147 return !arch_static_branch(key, true);
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148}
149
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150extern struct jump_entry __start___jump_table[];
151extern struct jump_entry __stop___jump_table[];
152
97ce2c88 153extern void jump_label_init(void);
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154extern void jump_label_lock(void);
155extern void jump_label_unlock(void);
bf5438fc 156extern void arch_jump_label_transform(struct jump_entry *entry,
37348804 157 enum jump_label_type type);
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158extern void arch_jump_label_transform_static(struct jump_entry *entry,
159 enum jump_label_type type);
4c3ef6d7 160extern int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
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161extern void static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key *key);
162extern void static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key);
d430d3d7 163extern void jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod);
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164extern int static_key_count(struct static_key *key);
165extern void static_key_enable(struct static_key *key);
166extern void static_key_disable(struct static_key *key);
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167extern void static_key_enable_cpuslocked(struct static_key *key);
168extern void static_key_disable_cpuslocked(struct static_key *key);
c5905afb 169
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170/*
171 * We should be using ATOMIC_INIT() for initializing .enabled, but
172 * the inclusion of atomic.h is problematic for inclusion of jump_label.h
173 * in 'low-level' headers. Thus, we are initializing .enabled with a
174 * raw value, but have added a BUILD_BUG_ON() to catch any issues in
175 * jump_label_init() see: kernel/jump_label.c.
176 */
11276d53 177#define STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE \
1f69bf9c 178 { .enabled = { 1 }, \
cd8d860d 179 { .entries = (void *)JUMP_TYPE_TRUE } }
11276d53 180#define STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE \
1f69bf9c 181 { .enabled = { 0 }, \
cd8d860d 182 { .entries = (void *)JUMP_TYPE_FALSE } }
bf5438fc 183
97ce2c88 184#else /* !HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
bf5438fc 185
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186#include <linux/atomic.h>
187#include <linux/bug.h>
188
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189static inline int static_key_count(struct static_key *key)
190{
191 return atomic_read(&key->enabled);
192}
193
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194static __always_inline void jump_label_init(void)
195{
c4b2c0c5 196 static_key_initialized = true;
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197}
198
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199static __always_inline bool static_key_false(struct static_key *key)
200{
ea5e9539 201 if (unlikely(static_key_count(key) > 0))
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202 return true;
203 return false;
204}
205
206static __always_inline bool static_key_true(struct static_key *key)
d430d3d7 207{
ea5e9539 208 if (likely(static_key_count(key) > 0))
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209 return true;
210 return false;
211}
bf5438fc 212
c5905afb 213static inline void static_key_slow_inc(struct static_key *key)
d430d3d7 214{
c4b2c0c5 215 STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
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216 atomic_inc(&key->enabled);
217}
bf5438fc 218
c5905afb 219static inline void static_key_slow_dec(struct static_key *key)
bf5438fc 220{
c4b2c0c5 221 STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
d430d3d7 222 atomic_dec(&key->enabled);
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223}
224
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225static inline int jump_label_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
226{
227 return 0;
228}
229
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230static inline void jump_label_lock(void) {}
231static inline void jump_label_unlock(void) {}
232
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233static inline int jump_label_apply_nops(struct module *mod)
234{
235 return 0;
236}
b2029520 237
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238static inline void static_key_enable(struct static_key *key)
239{
1dbb6704 240 STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
e33886b3 241
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242 if (atomic_read(&key->enabled) != 0) {
243 WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&key->enabled) != 1);
244 return;
245 }
246 atomic_set(&key->enabled, 1);
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247}
248
249static inline void static_key_disable(struct static_key *key)
250{
1dbb6704 251 STATIC_KEY_CHECK_USE();
e33886b3 252
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253 if (atomic_read(&key->enabled) != 1) {
254 WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&key->enabled) != 0);
255 return;
256 }
257 atomic_set(&key->enabled, 0);
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258}
259
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260#define static_key_enable_cpuslocked(k) static_key_enable((k))
261#define static_key_disable_cpuslocked(k) static_key_disable((k))
262
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263#define STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE { .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(1) }
264#define STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE { .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(0) }
265
266#endif /* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
267
268#define STATIC_KEY_INIT STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE
269#define jump_label_enabled static_key_enabled
270
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271/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
272
273/*
274 * Two type wrappers around static_key, such that we can use compile time
275 * type differentiation to emit the right code.
276 *
277 * All the below code is macros in order to play type games.
278 */
279
280struct static_key_true {
281 struct static_key key;
282};
283
284struct static_key_false {
285 struct static_key key;
286};
287
288#define STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT (struct static_key_true) { .key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_TRUE, }
289#define STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT (struct static_key_false){ .key = STATIC_KEY_INIT_FALSE, }
290
291#define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(name) \
292 struct static_key_true name = STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT
293
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294#define DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(name) \
295 extern struct static_key_true name
296
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297#define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(name) \
298 struct static_key_false name = STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT
299
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300#define DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(name) \
301 extern struct static_key_false name
302
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303#define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_ARRAY_TRUE(name, count) \
304 struct static_key_true name[count] = { \
305 [0 ... (count) - 1] = STATIC_KEY_TRUE_INIT, \
306 }
307
308#define DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_ARRAY_FALSE(name, count) \
309 struct static_key_false name[count] = { \
310 [0 ... (count) - 1] = STATIC_KEY_FALSE_INIT, \
311 }
312
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313extern bool ____wrong_branch_error(void);
314
315#define static_key_enabled(x) \
316({ \
317 if (!__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key) && \
318 !__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true) &&\
319 !__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
320 ____wrong_branch_error(); \
321 static_key_count((struct static_key *)x) > 0; \
322})
323
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324#ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
325
326/*
327 * Combine the right initial value (type) with the right branch order
328 * to generate the desired result.
329 *
330 *
331 * type\branch| likely (1) | unlikely (0)
332 * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
333 * | |
334 * true (1) | ... | ...
335 * | NOP | JMP L
336 * | <br-stmts> | 1: ...
337 * | L: ... |
338 * | |
339 * | | L: <br-stmts>
340 * | | jmp 1b
341 * | |
342 * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
343 * | |
344 * false (0) | ... | ...
345 * | JMP L | NOP
346 * | <br-stmts> | 1: ...
347 * | L: ... |
348 * | |
349 * | | L: <br-stmts>
350 * | | jmp 1b
351 * | |
352 * -----------+-----------------------+------------------
353 *
354 * The initial value is encoded in the LSB of static_key::entries,
355 * type: 0 = false, 1 = true.
356 *
357 * The branch type is encoded in the LSB of jump_entry::key,
358 * branch: 0 = unlikely, 1 = likely.
359 *
360 * This gives the following logic table:
361 *
362 * enabled type branch instuction
363 * -----------------------------+-----------
364 * 0 0 0 | NOP
365 * 0 0 1 | JMP
366 * 0 1 0 | NOP
367 * 0 1 1 | JMP
368 *
369 * 1 0 0 | JMP
370 * 1 0 1 | NOP
371 * 1 1 0 | JMP
372 * 1 1 1 | NOP
373 *
374 * Which gives the following functions:
375 *
376 * dynamic: instruction = enabled ^ branch
377 * static: instruction = type ^ branch
378 *
379 * See jump_label_type() / jump_label_init_type().
380 */
381
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382#define static_branch_likely(x) \
383({ \
384 bool branch; \
385 if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true)) \
386 branch = !arch_static_branch(&(x)->key, true); \
387 else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
388 branch = !arch_static_branch_jump(&(x)->key, true); \
389 else \
390 branch = ____wrong_branch_error(); \
391 branch; \
392})
393
394#define static_branch_unlikely(x) \
395({ \
396 bool branch; \
397 if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_true)) \
398 branch = arch_static_branch_jump(&(x)->key, false); \
399 else if (__builtin_types_compatible_p(typeof(*x), struct static_key_false)) \
400 branch = arch_static_branch(&(x)->key, false); \
401 else \
402 branch = ____wrong_branch_error(); \
403 branch; \
404})
405
406#else /* !HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
407
408#define static_branch_likely(x) likely(static_key_enabled(&(x)->key))
409#define static_branch_unlikely(x) unlikely(static_key_enabled(&(x)->key))
410
411#endif /* HAVE_JUMP_LABEL */
412
413/*
414 * Advanced usage; refcount, branch is enabled when: count != 0
415 */
416
417#define static_branch_inc(x) static_key_slow_inc(&(x)->key)
418#define static_branch_dec(x) static_key_slow_dec(&(x)->key)
419
420/*
421 * Normal usage; boolean enable/disable.
422 */
423
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424#define static_branch_enable(x) static_key_enable(&(x)->key)
425#define static_branch_disable(x) static_key_disable(&(x)->key)
426#define static_branch_enable_cpuslocked(x) static_key_enable_cpuslocked(&(x)->key)
427#define static_branch_disable_cpuslocked(x) static_key_disable_cpuslocked(&(x)->key)
11276d53 428
c0ccf6f9 429#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
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430
431#endif /* _LINUX_JUMP_LABEL_H */