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ec8f24b7 1# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
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2config DEFCONFIG_LIST
3 string
b2670eac 4 depends on !UML
face4374 5 option defconfig_list
47f38ae0 6 default "/lib/modules/$(shell,uname -r)/.config"
face4374 7 default "/etc/kernel-config"
47f38ae0 8 default "/boot/config-$(shell,uname -r)"
2a86f661 9 default "arch/$(SRCARCH)/configs/$(KBUILD_DEFCONFIG)"
face4374 10
8b59cd81
MY
11config CC_VERSION_TEXT
12 string
13 default "$(CC_VERSION_TEXT)"
14 help
15 This is used in unclear ways:
16
17 - Re-run Kconfig when the compiler is updated
18 The 'default' property references the environment variable,
19 CC_VERSION_TEXT so it is recorded in include/config/auto.conf.cmd.
20 When the compiler is updated, Kconfig will be invoked.
21
22 - Ensure full rebuild when the compier is updated
23 include/linux/kconfig.h contains this option in the comment line so
24 fixdep adds include/config/cc/version/text.h into the auto-generated
25 dependency. When the compiler is updated, syncconfig will touch it
26 and then every file will be rebuilt.
27
a4353898 28config CC_IS_GCC
e33ae3ed 29 def_bool $(success,echo "$(CC_VERSION_TEXT)" | grep -q gcc)
a4353898
MY
30
31config GCC_VERSION
32 int
fa7295ab 33 default $(shell,$(srctree)/scripts/gcc-version.sh $(CC)) if CC_IS_GCC
a4353898
MY
34 default 0
35
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36config LD_VERSION
37 int
38 default $(shell,$(LD) --version | $(srctree)/scripts/ld-version.sh)
39
469cb737 40config CC_IS_CLANG
e33ae3ed 41 def_bool $(success,echo "$(CC_VERSION_TEXT)" | grep -q clang)
469cb737 42
b744b43f
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43config LD_IS_LLD
44 def_bool $(success,$(LD) -v | head -n 1 | grep -q LLD)
45
469cb737
MY
46config CLANG_VERSION
47 int
48 default $(shell,$(srctree)/scripts/clang-version.sh $(CC))
49
1a927fd3 50config CC_CAN_LINK
9371f86e 51 bool
b816b3db
MY
52 default $(success,$(srctree)/scripts/cc-can-link.sh $(CC) $(CLANG_FLAGS) $(m64-flag)) if 64BIT
53 default $(success,$(srctree)/scripts/cc-can-link.sh $(CC) $(CLANG_FLAGS) $(m32-flag))
b1183b6d
MY
54
55config CC_CAN_LINK_STATIC
56 bool
b816b3db
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57 default $(success,$(srctree)/scripts/cc-can-link.sh $(CC) $(CLANG_FLAGS) $(m64-flag) -static) if 64BIT
58 default $(success,$(srctree)/scripts/cc-can-link.sh $(CC) $(CLANG_FLAGS) $(m32-flag) -static)
1a927fd3 59
e9666d10
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60config CC_HAS_ASM_GOTO
61 def_bool $(success,$(srctree)/scripts/gcc-goto.sh $(CC))
62
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63config CC_HAS_ASM_GOTO_OUTPUT
64 depends on CC_HAS_ASM_GOTO
65 def_bool $(success,echo 'int foo(int x) { asm goto ("": "=r"(x) ::: bar); return x; bar: return 0; }' | $(CC) -x c - -c -o /dev/null)
66
5cf896fb 67config TOOLS_SUPPORT_RELR
2d122942 68 def_bool $(success,env "CC=$(CC)" "LD=$(LD)" "NM=$(NM)" "OBJCOPY=$(OBJCOPY)" $(srctree)/scripts/tools-support-relr.sh)
5cf896fb 69
eb111869
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70config CC_HAS_ASM_INLINE
71 def_bool $(success,echo 'void foo(void) { asm inline (""); }' | $(CC) -x c - -c -o /dev/null)
72
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73config CONSTRUCTORS
74 bool
87c9366e 75 depends on !UML
b99b87f7 76
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77config IRQ_WORK
78 bool
e360adbe 79
10916706 80config BUILDTIME_TABLE_SORT
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81 bool
82
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83config THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK
84 bool
85 help
86 Select this to move thread_info off the stack into task_struct. To
87 make this work, an arch will need to remove all thread_info fields
88 except flags and fix any runtime bugs.
89
c6c314a6
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90 One subtle change that will be needed is to use try_get_task_stack()
91 and put_task_stack() in save_thread_stack_tsk() and get_wchan().
92
ff0cfc66 93menu "General setup"
1da177e4 94
1da177e4
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95config BROKEN
96 bool
1da177e4
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97
98config BROKEN_ON_SMP
99 bool
100 depends on BROKEN || !SMP
101 default y
102
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103config INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
104 int
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105 default 32 if !UML
106 default 128 if UML
1da177e4 107 help
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108 Maximum of each of the number of arguments and environment
109 variables passed to init from the kernel command line.
1da177e4 110
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111config COMPILE_TEST
112 bool "Compile also drivers which will not load"
bc083a64 113 depends on !UML
4bb16672
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114 default n
115 help
116 Some drivers can be compiled on a different platform than they are
117 intended to be run on. Despite they cannot be loaded there (or even
118 when they load they cannot be used due to missing HW support),
119 developers still, opposing to distributors, might want to build such
120 drivers to compile-test them.
121
122 If you are a developer and want to build everything available, say Y
123 here. If you are a user/distributor, say N here to exclude useless
124 drivers to be distributed.
125
d6fc9fcb
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126config UAPI_HEADER_TEST
127 bool "Compile test UAPI headers"
fcbb8461 128 depends on HEADERS_INSTALL && CC_CAN_LINK
d6fc9fcb
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129 help
130 Compile test headers exported to user-space to ensure they are
131 self-contained, i.e. compilable as standalone units.
132
133 If you are a developer or tester and want to ensure the exported
134 headers are self-contained, say Y here. Otherwise, choose N.
135
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136config LOCALVERSION
137 string "Local version - append to kernel release"
138 help
139 Append an extra string to the end of your kernel version.
140 This will show up when you type uname, for example.
141 The string you set here will be appended after the contents of
142 any files with a filename matching localversion* in your
143 object and source tree, in that order. Your total string can
144 be a maximum of 64 characters.
145
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146config LOCALVERSION_AUTO
147 bool "Automatically append version information to the version string"
148 default y
ac3339ba 149 depends on !COMPILE_TEST
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150 help
151 This will try to automatically determine if the current tree is a
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152 release tree by looking for git tags that belong to the current
153 top of tree revision.
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154
155 A string of the format -gxxxxxxxx will be added to the localversion
6e5a5420 156 if a git-based tree is found. The string generated by this will be
aaebf433 157 appended after any matching localversion* files, and after the value
6e5a5420 158 set in CONFIG_LOCALVERSION.
aaebf433 159
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160 (The actual string used here is the first eight characters produced
161 by running the command:
162
163 $ git rev-parse --verify HEAD
164
165 which is done within the script "scripts/setlocalversion".)
aaebf433 166
9afb719e 167config BUILD_SALT
e8cf4e9c
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168 string "Build ID Salt"
169 default ""
170 help
171 The build ID is used to link binaries and their debug info. Setting
172 this option will use the value in the calculation of the build id.
173 This is mostly useful for distributions which want to ensure the
174 build is unique between builds. It's safe to leave the default.
9afb719e 175
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176config HAVE_KERNEL_GZIP
177 bool
178
179config HAVE_KERNEL_BZIP2
180 bool
181
182config HAVE_KERNEL_LZMA
183 bool
184
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185config HAVE_KERNEL_XZ
186 bool
187
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188config HAVE_KERNEL_LZO
189 bool
190
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191config HAVE_KERNEL_LZ4
192 bool
193
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194config HAVE_KERNEL_ZSTD
195 bool
196
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197config HAVE_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED
198 bool
199
30d65dbf 200choice
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201 prompt "Kernel compression mode"
202 default KERNEL_GZIP
48f7ddf7 203 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_GZIP || HAVE_KERNEL_BZIP2 || HAVE_KERNEL_LZMA || HAVE_KERNEL_XZ || HAVE_KERNEL_LZO || HAVE_KERNEL_LZ4 || HAVE_KERNEL_ZSTD || HAVE_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED
2e9f3bdd 204 help
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205 The linux kernel is a kind of self-extracting executable.
206 Several compression algorithms are available, which differ
207 in efficiency, compression and decompression speed.
208 Compression speed is only relevant when building a kernel.
209 Decompression speed is relevant at each boot.
210
211 If you have any problems with bzip2 or lzma compressed
212 kernels, mail me (Alain Knaff) <alain@knaff.lu>. (An older
213 version of this functionality (bzip2 only), for 2.4, was
214 supplied by Christian Ludwig)
215
216 High compression options are mostly useful for users, who
217 are low on disk space (embedded systems), but for whom ram
218 size matters less.
219
220 If in doubt, select 'gzip'
221
222config KERNEL_GZIP
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223 bool "Gzip"
224 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_GZIP
225 help
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226 The old and tried gzip compression. It provides a good balance
227 between compression ratio and decompression speed.
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228
229config KERNEL_BZIP2
230 bool "Bzip2"
2e9f3bdd 231 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_BZIP2
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232 help
233 Its compression ratio and speed is intermediate.
0a4dd35c 234 Decompression speed is slowest among the choices. The kernel
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235 size is about 10% smaller with bzip2, in comparison to gzip.
236 Bzip2 uses a large amount of memory. For modern kernels you
237 will need at least 8MB RAM or more for booting.
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238
239config KERNEL_LZMA
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240 bool "LZMA"
241 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_LZMA
242 help
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243 This compression algorithm's ratio is best. Decompression speed
244 is between gzip and bzip2. Compression is slowest.
245 The kernel size is about 33% smaller with LZMA in comparison to gzip.
30d65dbf 246
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247config KERNEL_XZ
248 bool "XZ"
249 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_XZ
250 help
251 XZ uses the LZMA2 algorithm and instruction set specific
252 BCJ filters which can improve compression ratio of executable
253 code. The size of the kernel is about 30% smaller with XZ in
254 comparison to gzip. On architectures for which there is a BCJ
255 filter (i386, x86_64, ARM, IA-64, PowerPC, and SPARC), XZ
256 will create a few percent smaller kernel than plain LZMA.
257
258 The speed is about the same as with LZMA: The decompression
259 speed of XZ is better than that of bzip2 but worse than gzip
260 and LZO. Compression is slow.
261
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262config KERNEL_LZO
263 bool "LZO"
264 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_LZO
265 help
0a4dd35c 266 Its compression ratio is the poorest among the choices. The kernel
681b3049 267 size is about 10% bigger than gzip; however its speed
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268 (both compression and decompression) is the fastest.
269
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270config KERNEL_LZ4
271 bool "LZ4"
272 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_LZ4
273 help
274 LZ4 is an LZ77-type compressor with a fixed, byte-oriented encoding.
275 A preliminary version of LZ4 de/compression tool is available at
276 <https://code.google.com/p/lz4/>.
277
278 Its compression ratio is worse than LZO. The size of the kernel
279 is about 8% bigger than LZO. But the decompression speed is
280 faster than LZO.
281
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282config KERNEL_ZSTD
283 bool "ZSTD"
284 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_ZSTD
285 help
286 ZSTD is a compression algorithm targeting intermediate compression
287 with fast decompression speed. It will compress better than GZIP and
288 decompress around the same speed as LZO, but slower than LZ4. You
289 will need at least 192 KB RAM or more for booting. The zstd command
290 line tool is required for compression.
291
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292config KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED
293 bool "None"
294 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED
295 help
296 Produce uncompressed kernel image. This option is usually not what
297 you want. It is useful for debugging the kernel in slow simulation
298 environments, where decompressing and moving the kernel is awfully
299 slow. This option allows early boot code to skip the decompressor
300 and jump right at uncompressed kernel image.
301
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302endchoice
303
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304config DEFAULT_INIT
305 string "Default init path"
306 default ""
307 help
308 This option determines the default init for the system if no init=
309 option is passed on the kernel command line. If the requested path is
310 not present, we will still then move on to attempting further
311 locations (e.g. /sbin/init, etc). If this is empty, we will just use
312 the fallback list when init= is not passed.
313
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314config DEFAULT_HOSTNAME
315 string "Default hostname"
316 default "(none)"
317 help
318 This option determines the default system hostname before userspace
319 calls sethostname(2). The kernel traditionally uses "(none)" here,
320 but you may wish to use a different default here to make a minimal
321 system more usable with less configuration.
322
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323#
324# For some reason microblaze and nios2 hard code SWAP=n. Hopefully we can
325# add proper SWAP support to them, in which case this can be remove.
326#
327config ARCH_NO_SWAP
328 bool
329
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330config SWAP
331 bool "Support for paging of anonymous memory (swap)"
17c46a6a 332 depends on MMU && BLOCK && !ARCH_NO_SWAP
1da177e4
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333 default y
334 help
335 This option allows you to choose whether you want to have support
92c3504e 336 for so called swap devices or swap files in your kernel that are
1da177e4
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337 used to provide more virtual memory than the actual RAM present
338 in your computer. If unsure say Y.
339
340config SYSVIPC
341 bool "System V IPC"
a7f7f624 342 help
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343 Inter Process Communication is a suite of library functions and
344 system calls which let processes (running programs) synchronize and
345 exchange information. It is generally considered to be a good thing,
346 and some programs won't run unless you say Y here. In particular, if
347 you want to run the DOS emulator dosemu under Linux (read the
348 DOSEMU-HOWTO, available from <http://www.tldp.org/docs.html#howto>),
349 you'll need to say Y here.
350
351 You can find documentation about IPC with "info ipc" and also in
352 section 6.4 of the Linux Programmer's Guide, available from
353 <http://www.tldp.org/guides.html>.
354
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355config SYSVIPC_SYSCTL
356 bool
357 depends on SYSVIPC
358 depends on SYSCTL
359 default y
360
1da177e4
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361config POSIX_MQUEUE
362 bool "POSIX Message Queues"
19c92399 363 depends on NET
a7f7f624 364 help
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365 POSIX variant of message queues is a part of IPC. In POSIX message
366 queues every message has a priority which decides about succession
367 of receiving it by a process. If you want to compile and run
368 programs written e.g. for Solaris with use of its POSIX message
b0e37650 369 queues (functions mq_*) say Y here.
1da177e4
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370
371 POSIX message queues are visible as a filesystem called 'mqueue'
372 and can be mounted somewhere if you want to do filesystem
373 operations on message queues.
374
375 If unsure, say Y.
376
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377config POSIX_MQUEUE_SYSCTL
378 bool
379 depends on POSIX_MQUEUE
380 depends on SYSCTL
381 default y
382
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383config WATCH_QUEUE
384 bool "General notification queue"
385 default n
386 help
387
388 This is a general notification queue for the kernel to pass events to
389 userspace by splicing them into pipes. It can be used in conjunction
390 with watches for key/keyring change notifications and device
391 notifications.
392
393 See Documentation/watch_queue.rst
394
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395config CROSS_MEMORY_ATTACH
396 bool "Enable process_vm_readv/writev syscalls"
397 depends on MMU
398 default y
399 help
400 Enabling this option adds the system calls process_vm_readv and
401 process_vm_writev which allow a process with the correct privileges
a2a368d9 402 to directly read from or write to another process' address space.
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403 See the man page for more details.
404
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405config USELIB
406 bool "uselib syscall"
b2113a41 407 def_bool ALPHA || M68K || SPARC || X86_32 || IA32_EMULATION
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408 help
409 This option enables the uselib syscall, a system call used in the
410 dynamic linker from libc5 and earlier. glibc does not use this
411 system call. If you intend to run programs built on libc5 or
412 earlier, you may need to enable this syscall. Current systems
413 running glibc can safely disable this.
414
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415config AUDIT
416 bool "Auditing support"
417 depends on NET
418 help
419 Enable auditing infrastructure that can be used with another
420 kernel subsystem, such as SELinux (which requires this for
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421 logging of avc messages output). System call auditing is included
422 on architectures which support it.
391dc69c 423
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424config HAVE_ARCH_AUDITSYSCALL
425 bool
426
391dc69c 427config AUDITSYSCALL
cb74ed27 428 def_bool y
7a017721 429 depends on AUDIT && HAVE_ARCH_AUDITSYSCALL
391dc69c
FW
430 select FSNOTIFY
431
391dc69c
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432source "kernel/irq/Kconfig"
433source "kernel/time/Kconfig"
87a4c375 434source "kernel/Kconfig.preempt"
391dc69c
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435
436menu "CPU/Task time and stats accounting"
437
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438config VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
439 bool
440
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441choice
442 prompt "Cputime accounting"
443 default TICK_CPU_ACCOUNTING if !PPC64
02fc8d37 444 default VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE if PPC64
fdf9c356
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445
446# Kind of a stub config for the pure tick based cputime accounting
447config TICK_CPU_ACCOUNTING
448 bool "Simple tick based cputime accounting"
c58b0df1 449 depends on !S390 && !NO_HZ_FULL
fdf9c356
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450 help
451 This is the basic tick based cputime accounting that maintains
452 statistics about user, system and idle time spent on per jiffies
453 granularity.
454
455 If unsure, say Y.
456
abf917cd 457config VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE
b952741c 458 bool "Deterministic task and CPU time accounting"
c58b0df1 459 depends on HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING && !NO_HZ_FULL
abf917cd 460 select VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
b952741c
FW
461 help
462 Select this option to enable more accurate task and CPU time
463 accounting. This is done by reading a CPU counter on each
464 kernel entry and exit and on transitions within the kernel
465 between system, softirq and hardirq state, so there is a
466 small performance impact. In the case of s390 or IBM POWER > 5,
467 this also enables accounting of stolen time on logically-partitioned
468 systems.
469
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470config VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN
471 bool "Full dynticks CPU time accounting"
ff3fb254 472 depends on HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING
554b0004 473 depends on HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN
041a1574 474 depends on GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS
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475 select VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
476 select CONTEXT_TRACKING
477 help
478 Select this option to enable task and CPU time accounting on full
479 dynticks systems. This accounting is implemented by watching every
480 kernel-user boundaries using the context tracking subsystem.
481 The accounting is thus performed at the expense of some significant
482 overhead.
483
484 For now this is only useful if you are working on the full
485 dynticks subsystem development.
486
487 If unsure, say N.
488
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489endchoice
490
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491config IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING
492 bool "Fine granularity task level IRQ time accounting"
b58c3584 493 depends on HAVE_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING && !VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE
fdf9c356
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494 help
495 Select this option to enable fine granularity task irq time
496 accounting. This is done by reading a timestamp on each
497 transitions between softirq and hardirq state, so there can be a
498 small performance impact.
499
500 If in doubt, say N here.
501
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502config HAVE_SCHED_AVG_IRQ
503 def_bool y
504 depends on IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING || PARAVIRT_TIME_ACCOUNTING
505 depends on SMP
506
76504793 507config SCHED_THERMAL_PRESSURE
98eb401d 508 bool
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509 default y if ARM && ARM_CPU_TOPOLOGY
510 default y if ARM64
76504793 511 depends on SMP
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512 depends on CPU_FREQ_THERMAL
513 help
514 Select this option to enable thermal pressure accounting in the
515 scheduler. Thermal pressure is the value conveyed to the scheduler
516 that reflects the reduction in CPU compute capacity resulted from
517 thermal throttling. Thermal throttling occurs when the performance of
518 a CPU is capped due to high operating temperatures.
519
520 If selected, the scheduler will be able to balance tasks accordingly,
521 i.e. put less load on throttled CPUs than on non/less throttled ones.
522
523 This requires the architecture to implement
524 arch_set_thermal_pressure() and arch_get_thermal_pressure().
76504793 525
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526config BSD_PROCESS_ACCT
527 bool "BSD Process Accounting"
2813893f 528 depends on MULTIUSER
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529 help
530 If you say Y here, a user level program will be able to instruct the
531 kernel (via a special system call) to write process accounting
532 information to a file: whenever a process exits, information about
533 that process will be appended to the file by the kernel. The
534 information includes things such as creation time, owning user,
535 command name, memory usage, controlling terminal etc. (the complete
536 list is in the struct acct in <file:include/linux/acct.h>). It is
537 up to the user level program to do useful things with this
538 information. This is generally a good idea, so say Y.
539
540config BSD_PROCESS_ACCT_V3
541 bool "BSD Process Accounting version 3 file format"
542 depends on BSD_PROCESS_ACCT
543 default n
544 help
545 If you say Y here, the process accounting information is written
546 in a new file format that also logs the process IDs of each
3903bf94 547 process and its parent. Note that this file format is incompatible
1da177e4
LT
548 with previous v0/v1/v2 file formats, so you will need updated tools
549 for processing it. A preliminary version of these tools is available
37a4c940 550 at <http://www.gnu.org/software/acct/>.
1da177e4 551
c757249a 552config TASKSTATS
19c92399 553 bool "Export task/process statistics through netlink"
c757249a 554 depends on NET
2813893f 555 depends on MULTIUSER
c757249a
SN
556 default n
557 help
558 Export selected statistics for tasks/processes through the
559 generic netlink interface. Unlike BSD process accounting, the
560 statistics are available during the lifetime of tasks/processes as
561 responses to commands. Like BSD accounting, they are sent to user
562 space on task exit.
563
564 Say N if unsure.
565
ca74e92b 566config TASK_DELAY_ACCT
19c92399 567 bool "Enable per-task delay accounting"
6f44993f 568 depends on TASKSTATS
f6db8347 569 select SCHED_INFO
ca74e92b
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570 help
571 Collect information on time spent by a task waiting for system
572 resources like cpu, synchronous block I/O completion and swapping
573 in pages. Such statistics can help in setting a task's priorities
574 relative to other tasks for cpu, io, rss limits etc.
575
576 Say N if unsure.
577
18f705f4 578config TASK_XACCT
19c92399 579 bool "Enable extended accounting over taskstats"
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580 depends on TASKSTATS
581 help
582 Collect extended task accounting data and send the data
583 to userland for processing over the taskstats interface.
584
585 Say N if unsure.
586
587config TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING
19c92399 588 bool "Enable per-task storage I/O accounting"
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589 depends on TASK_XACCT
590 help
591 Collect information on the number of bytes of storage I/O which this
592 task has caused.
593
594 Say N if unsure.
595
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596config PSI
597 bool "Pressure stall information tracking"
598 help
599 Collect metrics that indicate how overcommitted the CPU, memory,
600 and IO capacity are in the system.
601
602 If you say Y here, the kernel will create /proc/pressure/ with the
603 pressure statistics files cpu, memory, and io. These will indicate
604 the share of walltime in which some or all tasks in the system are
605 delayed due to contention of the respective resource.
606
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607 In kernels with cgroup support, cgroups (cgroup2 only) will
608 have cpu.pressure, memory.pressure, and io.pressure files,
609 which aggregate pressure stalls for the grouped tasks only.
610
c3123552 611 For more details see Documentation/accounting/psi.rst.
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612
613 Say N if unsure.
614
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615config PSI_DEFAULT_DISABLED
616 bool "Require boot parameter to enable pressure stall information tracking"
617 default n
618 depends on PSI
619 help
620 If set, pressure stall information tracking will be disabled
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621 per default but can be enabled through passing psi=1 on the
622 kernel commandline during boot.
e0c27447 623
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624 This feature adds some code to the task wakeup and sleep
625 paths of the scheduler. The overhead is too low to affect
626 common scheduling-intense workloads in practice (such as
627 webservers, memcache), but it does show up in artificial
628 scheduler stress tests, such as hackbench.
629
630 If you are paranoid and not sure what the kernel will be
631 used for, say Y.
632
633 Say N if unsure.
634
391dc69c 635endmenu # "CPU/Task time and stats accounting"
d9817ebe 636
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637config CPU_ISOLATION
638 bool "CPU isolation"
414a2dc1 639 depends on SMP || COMPILE_TEST
2c43838c 640 default y
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641 help
642 Make sure that CPUs running critical tasks are not disturbed by
643 any source of "noise" such as unbound workqueues, timers, kthreads...
2c43838c
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644 Unbound jobs get offloaded to housekeeping CPUs. This is driven by
645 the "isolcpus=" boot parameter.
646
647 Say Y if unsure.
5c4991e2 648
0af92d46 649source "kernel/rcu/Kconfig"
c903ff83 650
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651config BUILD_BIN2C
652 bool
653 default n
654
1da177e4 655config IKCONFIG
f2443ab6 656 tristate "Kernel .config support"
a7f7f624 657 help
1da177e4
LT
658 This option enables the complete Linux kernel ".config" file
659 contents to be saved in the kernel. It provides documentation
660 of which kernel options are used in a running kernel or in an
661 on-disk kernel. This information can be extracted from the kernel
662 image file with the script scripts/extract-ikconfig and used as
663 input to rebuild the current kernel or to build another kernel.
664 It can also be extracted from a running kernel by reading
665 /proc/config.gz if enabled (below).
666
667config IKCONFIG_PROC
668 bool "Enable access to .config through /proc/config.gz"
669 depends on IKCONFIG && PROC_FS
a7f7f624 670 help
1da177e4
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671 This option enables access to the kernel configuration file
672 through /proc/config.gz.
673
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674config IKHEADERS
675 tristate "Enable kernel headers through /sys/kernel/kheaders.tar.xz"
676 depends on SYSFS
677 help
678 This option enables access to the in-kernel headers that are generated during
679 the build process. These can be used to build eBPF tracing programs,
680 or similar programs. If you build the headers as a module, a module called
681 kheaders.ko is built which can be loaded on-demand to get access to headers.
43d8ce9d 682
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683config LOG_BUF_SHIFT
684 int "Kernel log buffer size (16 => 64KB, 17 => 128KB)"
fb39f98d 685 range 12 25
f17a32e9 686 default 17
361e9dfb 687 depends on PRINTK
794543a2 688 help
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689 Select the minimal kernel log buffer size as a power of 2.
690 The final size is affected by LOG_CPU_MAX_BUF_SHIFT config
691 parameter, see below. Any higher size also might be forced
692 by "log_buf_len" boot parameter.
693
f17a32e9 694 Examples:
23b2899f 695 17 => 128 KB
f17a32e9 696 16 => 64 KB
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697 15 => 32 KB
698 14 => 16 KB
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699 13 => 8 KB
700 12 => 4 KB
701
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702config LOG_CPU_MAX_BUF_SHIFT
703 int "CPU kernel log buffer size contribution (13 => 8 KB, 17 => 128KB)"
2240a31d 704 depends on SMP
23b2899f
LR
705 range 0 21
706 default 12 if !BASE_SMALL
707 default 0 if BASE_SMALL
361e9dfb 708 depends on PRINTK
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709 help
710 This option allows to increase the default ring buffer size
711 according to the number of CPUs. The value defines the contribution
712 of each CPU as a power of 2. The used space is typically only few
713 lines however it might be much more when problems are reported,
714 e.g. backtraces.
715
716 The increased size means that a new buffer has to be allocated and
717 the original static one is unused. It makes sense only on systems
718 with more CPUs. Therefore this value is used only when the sum of
719 contributions is greater than the half of the default kernel ring
720 buffer as defined by LOG_BUF_SHIFT. The default values are set
721 so that more than 64 CPUs are needed to trigger the allocation.
722
723 Also this option is ignored when "log_buf_len" kernel parameter is
724 used as it forces an exact (power of two) size of the ring buffer.
725
726 The number of possible CPUs is used for this computation ignoring
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GU
727 hotplugging making the computation optimal for the worst case
728 scenario while allowing a simple algorithm to be used from bootup.
23b2899f
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729
730 Examples shift values and their meaning:
731 17 => 128 KB for each CPU
732 16 => 64 KB for each CPU
733 15 => 32 KB for each CPU
734 14 => 16 KB for each CPU
735 13 => 8 KB for each CPU
736 12 => 4 KB for each CPU
737
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SS
738config PRINTK_SAFE_LOG_BUF_SHIFT
739 int "Temporary per-CPU printk log buffer size (12 => 4KB, 13 => 8KB)"
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740 range 10 21
741 default 13
f92bac3b 742 depends on PRINTK
427934b8 743 help
f92bac3b
SS
744 Select the size of an alternate printk per-CPU buffer where messages
745 printed from usafe contexts are temporary stored. One example would
746 be NMI messages, another one - printk recursion. The messages are
747 copied to the main log buffer in a safe context to avoid a deadlock.
748 The value defines the size as a power of 2.
427934b8 749
f92bac3b 750 Those messages are rare and limited. The largest one is when
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PM
751 a backtrace is printed. It usually fits into 4KB. Select
752 8KB if you want to be on the safe side.
753
754 Examples:
755 17 => 128 KB for each CPU
756 16 => 64 KB for each CPU
757 15 => 32 KB for each CPU
758 14 => 16 KB for each CPU
759 13 => 8 KB for each CPU
760 12 => 4 KB for each CPU
761
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IM
762#
763# Architectures with an unreliable sched_clock() should select this:
764#
765config HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK
766 bool
767
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768config GENERIC_SCHED_CLOCK
769 bool
770
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771menu "Scheduler features"
772
773config UCLAMP_TASK
774 bool "Enable utilization clamping for RT/FAIR tasks"
775 depends on CPU_FREQ_GOV_SCHEDUTIL
776 help
777 This feature enables the scheduler to track the clamped utilization
778 of each CPU based on RUNNABLE tasks scheduled on that CPU.
779
780 With this option, the user can specify the min and max CPU
781 utilization allowed for RUNNABLE tasks. The max utilization defines
782 the maximum frequency a task should use while the min utilization
783 defines the minimum frequency it should use.
784
785 Both min and max utilization clamp values are hints to the scheduler,
786 aiming at improving its frequency selection policy, but they do not
787 enforce or grant any specific bandwidth for tasks.
788
789 If in doubt, say N.
790
791config UCLAMP_BUCKETS_COUNT
792 int "Number of supported utilization clamp buckets"
793 range 5 20
794 default 5
795 depends on UCLAMP_TASK
796 help
797 Defines the number of clamp buckets to use. The range of each bucket
798 will be SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE/UCLAMP_BUCKETS_COUNT. The higher the
799 number of clamp buckets the finer their granularity and the higher
800 the precision of clamping aggregation and tracking at run-time.
801
802 For example, with the minimum configuration value we will have 5
803 clamp buckets tracking 20% utilization each. A 25% boosted tasks will
804 be refcounted in the [20..39]% bucket and will set the bucket clamp
805 effective value to 25%.
806 If a second 30% boosted task should be co-scheduled on the same CPU,
807 that task will be refcounted in the same bucket of the first task and
808 it will boost the bucket clamp effective value to 30%.
809 The clamp effective value of a bucket is reset to its nominal value
810 (20% in the example above) when there are no more tasks refcounted in
811 that bucket.
812
813 An additional boost/capping margin can be added to some tasks. In the
814 example above the 25% task will be boosted to 30% until it exits the
815 CPU. If that should be considered not acceptable on certain systems,
816 it's always possible to reduce the margin by increasing the number of
817 clamp buckets to trade off used memory for run-time tracking
818 precision.
819
820 If in doubt, use the default value.
821
822endmenu
823
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AA
824#
825# For architectures that want to enable the support for NUMA-affine scheduler
826# balancing logic:
827#
828config ARCH_SUPPORTS_NUMA_BALANCING
829 bool
830
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831#
832# For architectures that prefer to flush all TLBs after a number of pages
833# are unmapped instead of sending one IPI per page to flush. The architecture
834# must provide guarantees on what happens if a clean TLB cache entry is
835# written after the unmap. Details are in mm/rmap.c near the check for
836# should_defer_flush. The architecture should also consider if the full flush
837# and the refill costs are offset by the savings of sending fewer IPIs.
838config ARCH_WANT_BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH
839 bool
840
c12d3362 841config CC_HAS_INT128
3a7c7331 842 def_bool !$(cc-option,$(m64-flag) -D__SIZEOF_INT128__=0) && 64BIT
c12d3362 843
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PZ
844#
845# For architectures that know their GCC __int128 support is sound
846#
847config ARCH_SUPPORTS_INT128
848 bool
849
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AA
850# For architectures that (ab)use NUMA to represent different memory regions
851# all cpu-local but of different latencies, such as SuperH.
852#
853config ARCH_WANT_NUMA_VARIABLE_LOCALITY
854 bool
855
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AA
856config NUMA_BALANCING
857 bool "Memory placement aware NUMA scheduler"
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AA
858 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_NUMA_BALANCING
859 depends on !ARCH_WANT_NUMA_VARIABLE_LOCALITY
860 depends on SMP && NUMA && MIGRATION
861 help
862 This option adds support for automatic NUMA aware memory/task placement.
863 The mechanism is quite primitive and is based on migrating memory when
6d56a410 864 it has references to the node the task is running on.
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AA
865
866 This system will be inactive on UMA systems.
867
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AK
868config NUMA_BALANCING_DEFAULT_ENABLED
869 bool "Automatically enable NUMA aware memory/task placement"
870 default y
871 depends on NUMA_BALANCING
872 help
873 If set, automatic NUMA balancing will be enabled if running on a NUMA
874 machine.
875
23964d2d 876menuconfig CGROUPS
6341e62b 877 bool "Control Group support"
2bd59d48 878 select KERNFS
5cdc38f9 879 help
23964d2d 880 This option adds support for grouping sets of processes together, for
5cdc38f9
KH
881 use with process control subsystems such as Cpusets, CFS, memory
882 controls or device isolation.
883 See
d6a3b247 884 - Documentation/scheduler/sched-design-CFS.rst (CFS)
da82c92f 885 - Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/ (features for grouping, isolation
45ce80fb 886 and resource control)
5cdc38f9
KH
887
888 Say N if unsure.
889
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890if CGROUPS
891
3e32cb2e 892config PAGE_COUNTER
e8cf4e9c 893 bool
3e32cb2e 894
c255a458 895config MEMCG
a0166ec4 896 bool "Memory controller"
3e32cb2e 897 select PAGE_COUNTER
79bd9814 898 select EVENTFD
00f0b825 899 help
a0166ec4 900 Provides control over the memory footprint of tasks in a cgroup.
00f0b825 901
c255a458 902config MEMCG_SWAP
2d1c4980 903 bool
c255a458 904 depends on MEMCG && SWAP
a42c390c 905 default y
c077719b 906
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KT
907config MEMCG_KMEM
908 bool
909 depends on MEMCG && !SLOB
910 default y
911
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912config BLK_CGROUP
913 bool "IO controller"
914 depends on BLOCK
2bc64a20 915 default n
a7f7f624 916 help
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JW
917 Generic block IO controller cgroup interface. This is the common
918 cgroup interface which should be used by various IO controlling
919 policies.
2bc64a20 920
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921 Currently, CFQ IO scheduler uses it to recognize task groups and
922 control disk bandwidth allocation (proportional time slice allocation)
923 to such task groups. It is also used by bio throttling logic in
924 block layer to implement upper limit in IO rates on a device.
e5d1367f 925
6bf024e6
JW
926 This option only enables generic Block IO controller infrastructure.
927 One needs to also enable actual IO controlling logic/policy. For
928 enabling proportional weight division of disk bandwidth in CFQ, set
7baf2199 929 CONFIG_BFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED=y; for enabling throttling policy, set
6bf024e6
JW
930 CONFIG_BLK_DEV_THROTTLING=y.
931
da82c92f 932 See Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/blkio-controller.rst for more information.
6bf024e6 933
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JW
934config CGROUP_WRITEBACK
935 bool
936 depends on MEMCG && BLK_CGROUP
937 default y
e5d1367f 938
7c941438 939menuconfig CGROUP_SCHED
a0166ec4 940 bool "CPU controller"
7c941438
DG
941 default n
942 help
943 This feature lets CPU scheduler recognize task groups and control CPU
944 bandwidth allocation to such task groups. It uses cgroups to group
945 tasks.
946
947if CGROUP_SCHED
948config FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
949 bool "Group scheduling for SCHED_OTHER"
950 depends on CGROUP_SCHED
951 default CGROUP_SCHED
952
ab84d31e
PT
953config CFS_BANDWIDTH
954 bool "CPU bandwidth provisioning for FAIR_GROUP_SCHED"
ab84d31e
PT
955 depends on FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
956 default n
957 help
958 This option allows users to define CPU bandwidth rates (limits) for
959 tasks running within the fair group scheduler. Groups with no limit
960 set are considered to be unconstrained and will run with no
961 restriction.
d6a3b247 962 See Documentation/scheduler/sched-bwc.rst for more information.
ab84d31e 963
7c941438
DG
964config RT_GROUP_SCHED
965 bool "Group scheduling for SCHED_RR/FIFO"
7c941438
DG
966 depends on CGROUP_SCHED
967 default n
968 help
969 This feature lets you explicitly allocate real CPU bandwidth
32bd7eb5 970 to task groups. If enabled, it will also make it impossible to
7c941438
DG
971 schedule realtime tasks for non-root users until you allocate
972 realtime bandwidth for them.
d6a3b247 973 See Documentation/scheduler/sched-rt-group.rst for more information.
7c941438
DG
974
975endif #CGROUP_SCHED
976
2480c093
PB
977config UCLAMP_TASK_GROUP
978 bool "Utilization clamping per group of tasks"
979 depends on CGROUP_SCHED
980 depends on UCLAMP_TASK
981 default n
982 help
983 This feature enables the scheduler to track the clamped utilization
984 of each CPU based on RUNNABLE tasks currently scheduled on that CPU.
985
986 When this option is enabled, the user can specify a min and max
987 CPU bandwidth which is allowed for each single task in a group.
988 The max bandwidth allows to clamp the maximum frequency a task
989 can use, while the min bandwidth allows to define a minimum
990 frequency a task will always use.
991
992 When task group based utilization clamping is enabled, an eventually
993 specified task-specific clamp value is constrained by the cgroup
994 specified clamp value. Both minimum and maximum task clamping cannot
995 be bigger than the corresponding clamping defined at task group level.
996
997 If in doubt, say N.
998
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999config CGROUP_PIDS
1000 bool "PIDs controller"
1001 help
1002 Provides enforcement of process number limits in the scope of a
1003 cgroup. Any attempt to fork more processes than is allowed in the
1004 cgroup will fail. PIDs are fundamentally a global resource because it
1005 is fairly trivial to reach PID exhaustion before you reach even a
1006 conservative kmemcg limit. As a result, it is possible to grind a
1007 system to halt without being limited by other cgroup policies. The
6cc578df 1008 PIDs controller is designed to stop this from happening.
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JW
1009
1010 It should be noted that organisational operations (such as attaching
98076833 1011 to a cgroup hierarchy) will *not* be blocked by the PIDs controller,
6bf024e6
JW
1012 since the PIDs limit only affects a process's ability to fork, not to
1013 attach to a cgroup.
1014
39d3e758
PP
1015config CGROUP_RDMA
1016 bool "RDMA controller"
1017 help
1018 Provides enforcement of RDMA resources defined by IB stack.
1019 It is fairly easy for consumers to exhaust RDMA resources, which
1020 can result into resource unavailability to other consumers.
1021 RDMA controller is designed to stop this from happening.
1022 Attaching processes with active RDMA resources to the cgroup
1023 hierarchy is allowed even if can cross the hierarchy's limit.
1024
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1025config CGROUP_FREEZER
1026 bool "Freezer controller"
1027 help
1028 Provides a way to freeze and unfreeze all tasks in a
1029 cgroup.
1030
489c2a20
JW
1031 This option affects the ORIGINAL cgroup interface. The cgroup2 memory
1032 controller includes important in-kernel memory consumers per default.
1033
1034 If you're using cgroup2, say N.
1035
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1036config CGROUP_HUGETLB
1037 bool "HugeTLB controller"
1038 depends on HUGETLB_PAGE
1039 select PAGE_COUNTER
afc24d49 1040 default n
6bf024e6
JW
1041 help
1042 Provides a cgroup controller for HugeTLB pages.
1043 When you enable this, you can put a per cgroup limit on HugeTLB usage.
1044 The limit is enforced during page fault. Since HugeTLB doesn't
1045 support page reclaim, enforcing the limit at page fault time implies
1046 that, the application will get SIGBUS signal if it tries to access
1047 HugeTLB pages beyond its limit. This requires the application to know
1048 beforehand how much HugeTLB pages it would require for its use. The
1049 control group is tracked in the third page lru pointer. This means
1050 that we cannot use the controller with huge page less than 3 pages.
afc24d49 1051
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JW
1052config CPUSETS
1053 bool "Cpuset controller"
e1d4eeec 1054 depends on SMP
6bf024e6
JW
1055 help
1056 This option will let you create and manage CPUSETs which
1057 allow dynamically partitioning a system into sets of CPUs and
1058 Memory Nodes and assigning tasks to run only within those sets.
1059 This is primarily useful on large SMP or NUMA systems.
afc24d49 1060
6bf024e6 1061 Say N if unsure.
afc24d49 1062
6bf024e6
JW
1063config PROC_PID_CPUSET
1064 bool "Include legacy /proc/<pid>/cpuset file"
1065 depends on CPUSETS
1066 default y
afc24d49 1067
6bf024e6
JW
1068config CGROUP_DEVICE
1069 bool "Device controller"
1070 help
1071 Provides a cgroup controller implementing whitelists for
1072 devices which a process in the cgroup can mknod or open.
1073
1074config CGROUP_CPUACCT
1075 bool "Simple CPU accounting controller"
1076 help
1077 Provides a simple controller for monitoring the
1078 total CPU consumed by the tasks in a cgroup.
1079
1080config CGROUP_PERF
1081 bool "Perf controller"
1082 depends on PERF_EVENTS
1083 help
1084 This option extends the perf per-cpu mode to restrict monitoring
1085 to threads which belong to the cgroup specified and run on the
6546b19f
NK
1086 designated cpu. Or this can be used to have cgroup ID in samples
1087 so that it can monitor performance events among cgroups.
6bf024e6
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1088
1089 Say N if unsure.
1090
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DM
1091config CGROUP_BPF
1092 bool "Support for eBPF programs attached to cgroups"
483c4933
AL
1093 depends on BPF_SYSCALL
1094 select SOCK_CGROUP_DATA
30070984
DM
1095 help
1096 Allow attaching eBPF programs to a cgroup using the bpf(2)
1097 syscall command BPF_PROG_ATTACH.
1098
1099 In which context these programs are accessed depends on the type
1100 of attachment. For instance, programs that are attached using
1101 BPF_CGROUP_INET_INGRESS will be executed on the ingress path of
1102 inet sockets.
1103
6bf024e6 1104config CGROUP_DEBUG
23b0be48 1105 bool "Debug controller"
afc24d49 1106 default n
23b0be48 1107 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
6bf024e6
JW
1108 help
1109 This option enables a simple controller that exports
23b0be48
WL
1110 debugging information about the cgroups framework. This
1111 controller is for control cgroup debugging only. Its
1112 interfaces are not stable.
afc24d49 1113
6bf024e6 1114 Say N.
89e9b9e0 1115
73b35147
AB
1116config SOCK_CGROUP_DATA
1117 bool
1118 default n
1119
23964d2d 1120endif # CGROUPS
c077719b 1121
8dd2a82c 1122menuconfig NAMESPACES
6a108a14 1123 bool "Namespaces support" if EXPERT
2813893f 1124 depends on MULTIUSER
6a108a14 1125 default !EXPERT
c5289a69
PE
1126 help
1127 Provides the way to make tasks work with different objects using
1128 the same id. For example same IPC id may refer to different objects
1129 or same user id or pid may refer to different tasks when used in
1130 different namespaces.
1131
8dd2a82c
DL
1132if NAMESPACES
1133
58bfdd6d
PE
1134config UTS_NS
1135 bool "UTS namespace"
17a6d441 1136 default y
58bfdd6d
PE
1137 help
1138 In this namespace tasks see different info provided with the
1139 uname() system call
1140
769071ac
AV
1141config TIME_NS
1142 bool "TIME namespace"
660fd04f 1143 depends on GENERIC_VDSO_TIME_NS
769071ac
AV
1144 default y
1145 help
1146 In this namespace boottime and monotonic clocks can be set.
1147 The time will keep going with the same pace.
1148
ae5e1b22
PE
1149config IPC_NS
1150 bool "IPC namespace"
8dd2a82c 1151 depends on (SYSVIPC || POSIX_MQUEUE)
17a6d441 1152 default y
ae5e1b22
PE
1153 help
1154 In this namespace tasks work with IPC ids which correspond to
614b84cf 1155 different IPC objects in different namespaces.
ae5e1b22 1156
aee16ce7 1157config USER_NS
19c92399 1158 bool "User namespace"
5673a94c 1159 default n
aee16ce7
PE
1160 help
1161 This allows containers, i.e. vservers, to use user namespaces
1162 to provide different user info for different servers.
e11f0ae3
EB
1163
1164 When user namespaces are enabled in the kernel it is
d886f4e4
JW
1165 recommended that the MEMCG option also be enabled and that
1166 user-space use the memory control groups to limit the amount
1167 of memory a memory unprivileged users can use.
e11f0ae3 1168
aee16ce7
PE
1169 If unsure, say N.
1170
74bd59bb 1171config PID_NS
9bd38c2c 1172 bool "PID Namespaces"
17a6d441 1173 default y
74bd59bb 1174 help
12d2b8f9 1175 Support process id namespaces. This allows having multiple
692105b8 1176 processes with the same pid as long as they are in different
74bd59bb
PE
1177 pid namespaces. This is a building block of containers.
1178
d6eb633f
MH
1179config NET_NS
1180 bool "Network namespace"
8dd2a82c 1181 depends on NET
17a6d441 1182 default y
d6eb633f
MH
1183 help
1184 Allow user space to create what appear to be multiple instances
1185 of the network stack.
1186
8dd2a82c
DL
1187endif # NAMESPACES
1188
5cb366bb
AR
1189config CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
1190 bool "Checkpoint/restore support"
1191 select PROC_CHILDREN
1192 default n
1193 help
1194 Enables additional kernel features in a sake of checkpoint/restore.
1195 In particular it adds auxiliary prctl codes to setup process text,
1196 data and heap segment sizes, and a few additional /proc filesystem
1197 entries.
1198
1199 If unsure, say N here.
1200
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MG
1201config SCHED_AUTOGROUP
1202 bool "Automatic process group scheduling"
5091faa4
MG
1203 select CGROUPS
1204 select CGROUP_SCHED
1205 select FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
1206 help
1207 This option optimizes the scheduler for common desktop workloads by
1208 automatically creating and populating task groups. This separation
1209 of workloads isolates aggressive CPU burners (like build jobs) from
1210 desktop applications. Task group autogeneration is currently based
1211 upon task session.
1212
7af37bec 1213config SYSFS_DEPRECATED
5d6a4ea5 1214 bool "Enable deprecated sysfs features to support old userspace tools"
7af37bec
DL
1215 depends on SYSFS
1216 default n
1217 help
1218 This option adds code that switches the layout of the "block" class
1219 devices, to not show up in /sys/class/block/, but only in
1220 /sys/block/.
1221
1222 This switch is only active when the sysfs.deprecated=1 boot option is
1223 passed or the SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2 option is set.
1224
1225 This option allows new kernels to run on old distributions and tools,
1226 which might get confused by /sys/class/block/. Since 2007/2008 all
1227 major distributions and tools handle this just fine.
1228
1229 Recent distributions and userspace tools after 2009/2010 depend on
1230 the existence of /sys/class/block/, and will not work with this
1231 option enabled.
1232
1233 Only if you are using a new kernel on an old distribution, you might
1234 need to say Y here.
1235
1236config SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2
5d6a4ea5 1237 bool "Enable deprecated sysfs features by default"
7af37bec
DL
1238 default n
1239 depends on SYSFS
1240 depends on SYSFS_DEPRECATED
1241 help
1242 Enable deprecated sysfs by default.
1243
1244 See the CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED option for more details about this
1245 option.
1246
1247 Only if you are using a new kernel on an old distribution, you might
1248 need to say Y here. Even then, odds are you would not need it
1249 enabled, you can always pass the boot option if absolutely necessary.
1250
1251config RELAY
1252 bool "Kernel->user space relay support (formerly relayfs)"
26b5679e 1253 select IRQ_WORK
7af37bec
DL
1254 help
1255 This option enables support for relay interface support in
1256 certain file systems (such as debugfs).
1257 It is designed to provide an efficient mechanism for tools and
1258 facilities to relay large amounts of data from kernel space to
1259 user space.
1260
1261 If unsure, say N.
1262
f991633d
DG
1263config BLK_DEV_INITRD
1264 bool "Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk (initramfs/initrd) support"
f991633d
DG
1265 help
1266 The initial RAM filesystem is a ramfs which is loaded by the
1267 boot loader (loadlin or lilo) and that is mounted as root
1268 before the normal boot procedure. It is typically used to
1269 load modules needed to mount the "real" root file system,
8c27ceff 1270 etc. See <file:Documentation/admin-guide/initrd.rst> for details.
f991633d
DG
1271
1272 If RAM disk support (BLK_DEV_RAM) is also included, this
1273 also enables initial RAM disk (initrd) support and adds
1274 15 Kbytes (more on some other architectures) to the kernel size.
1275
1276 If unsure say Y.
1277
c33df4ea
JPS
1278if BLK_DEV_INITRD
1279
dbec4866
SR
1280source "usr/Kconfig"
1281
c33df4ea
JPS
1282endif
1283
76db5a27
MH
1284config BOOT_CONFIG
1285 bool "Boot config support"
2910b5aa 1286 select BLK_DEV_INITRD
76db5a27
MH
1287 help
1288 Extra boot config allows system admin to pass a config file as
1289 complemental extension of kernel cmdline when booting.
0947db01 1290 The boot config file must be attached at the end of initramfs
85c46b78 1291 with checksum, size and magic word.
0947db01 1292 See <file:Documentation/admin-guide/bootconfig.rst> for details.
76db5a27
MH
1293
1294 If unsure, say Y.
1295
877417e6
AB
1296choice
1297 prompt "Compiler optimization level"
2cc3ce24 1298 default CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
877417e6
AB
1299
1300config CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE
15f5db60 1301 bool "Optimize for performance (-O2)"
877417e6
AB
1302 help
1303 This is the default optimization level for the kernel, building
1304 with the "-O2" compiler flag for best performance and most
1305 helpful compile-time warnings.
1306
15f5db60
MY
1307config CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_PERFORMANCE_O3
1308 bool "Optimize more for performance (-O3)"
1309 depends on ARC
c45b4f1f 1310 help
15f5db60
MY
1311 Choosing this option will pass "-O3" to your compiler to optimize
1312 the kernel yet more for performance.
c45b4f1f 1313
c45b4f1f 1314config CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE
15f5db60 1315 bool "Optimize for size (-Os)"
c45b4f1f 1316 help
ce3b487f
MY
1317 Choosing this option will pass "-Os" to your compiler resulting
1318 in a smaller kernel.
c45b4f1f 1319
877417e6
AB
1320endchoice
1321
5d20ee31
NP
1322config HAVE_LD_DEAD_CODE_DATA_ELIMINATION
1323 bool
1324 help
1325 This requires that the arch annotates or otherwise protects
1326 its external entry points from being discarded. Linker scripts
1327 must also merge .text.*, .data.*, and .bss.* correctly into
1328 output sections. Care must be taken not to pull in unrelated
1329 sections (e.g., '.text.init'). Typically '.' in section names
1330 is used to distinguish them from label names / C identifiers.
1331
1332config LD_DEAD_CODE_DATA_ELIMINATION
1333 bool "Dead code and data elimination (EXPERIMENTAL)"
1334 depends on HAVE_LD_DEAD_CODE_DATA_ELIMINATION
1335 depends on EXPERT
e85d1d65
MY
1336 depends on $(cc-option,-ffunction-sections -fdata-sections)
1337 depends on $(ld-option,--gc-sections)
5d20ee31 1338 help
8b9d2712
MY
1339 Enable this if you want to do dead code and data elimination with
1340 the linker by compiling with -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections,
1341 and linking with --gc-sections.
5d20ee31
NP
1342
1343 This can reduce on disk and in-memory size of the kernel
1344 code and static data, particularly for small configs and
1345 on small systems. This has the possibility of introducing
1346 silently broken kernel if the required annotations are not
1347 present. This option is not well tested yet, so use at your
1348 own risk.
1349
0847062a
RD
1350config SYSCTL
1351 bool
1352
657a5209
MF
1353config HAVE_UID16
1354 bool
1355
1356config SYSCTL_EXCEPTION_TRACE
1357 bool
1358 help
1359 Enable support for /proc/sys/debug/exception-trace.
1360
1361config SYSCTL_ARCH_UNALIGN_NO_WARN
1362 bool
1363 help
1364 Enable support for /proc/sys/kernel/ignore-unaligned-usertrap
1365 Allows arch to define/use @no_unaligned_warning to possibly warn
1366 about unaligned access emulation going on under the hood.
1367
1368config SYSCTL_ARCH_UNALIGN_ALLOW
1369 bool
1370 help
1371 Enable support for /proc/sys/kernel/unaligned-trap
1372 Allows arches to define/use @unaligned_enabled to runtime toggle
1373 the unaligned access emulation.
1374 see arch/parisc/kernel/unaligned.c for reference
1375
657a5209
MF
1376config HAVE_PCSPKR_PLATFORM
1377 bool
1378
f89b7755
AS
1379# interpreter that classic socket filters depend on
1380config BPF
1381 bool
1382
6a108a14
DR
1383menuconfig EXPERT
1384 bool "Configure standard kernel features (expert users)"
f505c553
JT
1385 # Unhide debug options, to make the on-by-default options visible
1386 select DEBUG_KERNEL
1da177e4
LT
1387 help
1388 This option allows certain base kernel options and settings
e8cf4e9c
KK
1389 to be disabled or tweaked. This is for specialized
1390 environments which can tolerate a "non-standard" kernel.
1391 Only use this if you really know what you are doing.
1da177e4 1392
ae81f9e3 1393config UID16
6a108a14 1394 bool "Enable 16-bit UID system calls" if EXPERT
2813893f 1395 depends on HAVE_UID16 && MULTIUSER
ae81f9e3
CE
1396 default y
1397 help
1398 This enables the legacy 16-bit UID syscall wrappers.
1399
2813893f
IM
1400config MULTIUSER
1401 bool "Multiple users, groups and capabilities support" if EXPERT
1402 default y
1403 help
1404 This option enables support for non-root users, groups and
1405 capabilities.
1406
1407 If you say N here, all processes will run with UID 0, GID 0, and all
1408 possible capabilities. Saying N here also compiles out support for
1409 system calls related to UIDs, GIDs, and capabilities, such as setuid,
1410 setgid, and capset.
1411
1412 If unsure, say Y here.
1413
f6187769
FF
1414config SGETMASK_SYSCALL
1415 bool "sgetmask/ssetmask syscalls support" if EXPERT
a687a533 1416 def_bool PARISC || M68K || PPC || MIPS || X86 || SPARC || MICROBLAZE || SUPERH
a7f7f624 1417 help
f6187769
FF
1418 sys_sgetmask and sys_ssetmask are obsolete system calls
1419 no longer supported in libc but still enabled by default in some
1420 architectures.
1421
1422 If unsure, leave the default option here.
1423
6af9f7bf
FF
1424config SYSFS_SYSCALL
1425 bool "Sysfs syscall support" if EXPERT
1426 default y
a7f7f624 1427 help
6af9f7bf
FF
1428 sys_sysfs is an obsolete system call no longer supported in libc.
1429 Note that disabling this option is more secure but might break
1430 compatibility with some systems.
1431
1432 If unsure say Y here.
1433
d1b069f5
RD
1434config FHANDLE
1435 bool "open by fhandle syscalls" if EXPERT
1436 select EXPORTFS
1437 default y
1438 help
1439 If you say Y here, a user level program will be able to map
1440 file names to handle and then later use the handle for
1441 different file system operations. This is useful in implementing
1442 userspace file servers, which now track files using handles instead
1443 of names. The handle would remain the same even if file names
1444 get renamed. Enables open_by_handle_at(2) and name_to_handle_at(2)
1445 syscalls.
1446
baa73d9e
NP
1447config POSIX_TIMERS
1448 bool "Posix Clocks & timers" if EXPERT
1449 default y
1450 help
1451 This includes native support for POSIX timers to the kernel.
1452 Some embedded systems have no use for them and therefore they
1453 can be configured out to reduce the size of the kernel image.
1454
1455 When this option is disabled, the following syscalls won't be
1456 available: timer_create, timer_gettime: timer_getoverrun,
1457 timer_settime, timer_delete, clock_adjtime, getitimer,
1458 setitimer, alarm. Furthermore, the clock_settime, clock_gettime,
1459 clock_getres and clock_nanosleep syscalls will be limited to
1460 CLOCK_REALTIME, CLOCK_MONOTONIC and CLOCK_BOOTTIME only.
1461
1462 If unsure say y.
1463
d59745ce
MM
1464config PRINTK
1465 default y
6a108a14 1466 bool "Enable support for printk" if EXPERT
74876a98 1467 select IRQ_WORK
d59745ce
MM
1468 help
1469 This option enables normal printk support. Removing it
1470 eliminates most of the message strings from the kernel image
1471 and makes the kernel more or less silent. As this makes it
1472 very difficult to diagnose system problems, saying N here is
1473 strongly discouraged.
1474
42a0bb3f
PM
1475config PRINTK_NMI
1476 def_bool y
1477 depends on PRINTK
1478 depends on HAVE_NMI
1479
c8538a7a 1480config BUG
6a108a14 1481 bool "BUG() support" if EXPERT
c8538a7a
MM
1482 default y
1483 help
e8cf4e9c
KK
1484 Disabling this option eliminates support for BUG and WARN, reducing
1485 the size of your kernel image and potentially quietly ignoring
1486 numerous fatal conditions. You should only consider disabling this
1487 option for embedded systems with no facilities for reporting errors.
1488 Just say Y.
c8538a7a 1489
708e9a79 1490config ELF_CORE
046d662f 1491 depends on COREDUMP
708e9a79 1492 default y
6a108a14 1493 bool "Enable ELF core dumps" if EXPERT
708e9a79
MM
1494 help
1495 Enable support for generating core dumps. Disabling saves about 4k.
1496
8761f1ab 1497
e5e1d3cb 1498config PCSPKR_PLATFORM
6a108a14 1499 bool "Enable PC-Speaker support" if EXPERT
8761f1ab 1500 depends on HAVE_PCSPKR_PLATFORM
15f304b6 1501 select I8253_LOCK
e5e1d3cb
SS
1502 default y
1503 help
e8cf4e9c
KK
1504 This option allows to disable the internal PC-Speaker
1505 support, saving some memory.
e5e1d3cb 1506
1da177e4
LT
1507config BASE_FULL
1508 default y
6a108a14 1509 bool "Enable full-sized data structures for core" if EXPERT
1da177e4
LT
1510 help
1511 Disabling this option reduces the size of miscellaneous core
1512 kernel data structures. This saves memory on small machines,
1513 but may reduce performance.
1514
1515config FUTEX
6a108a14 1516 bool "Enable futex support" if EXPERT
1da177e4 1517 default y
bc2eecd7 1518 imply RT_MUTEXES
1da177e4
LT
1519 help
1520 Disabling this option will cause the kernel to be built without
1521 support for "fast userspace mutexes". The resulting kernel may not
1522 run glibc-based applications correctly.
1523
bc2eecd7
NP
1524config FUTEX_PI
1525 bool
1526 depends on FUTEX && RT_MUTEXES
1527 default y
1528
03b8c7b6
HC
1529config HAVE_FUTEX_CMPXCHG
1530 bool
62b4d204 1531 depends on FUTEX
03b8c7b6
HC
1532 help
1533 Architectures should select this if futex_atomic_cmpxchg_inatomic()
1534 is implemented and always working. This removes a couple of runtime
1535 checks.
1536
1da177e4 1537config EPOLL
6a108a14 1538 bool "Enable eventpoll support" if EXPERT
1da177e4
LT
1539 default y
1540 help
1541 Disabling this option will cause the kernel to be built without
1542 support for epoll family of system calls.
1543
fba2afaa 1544config SIGNALFD
6a108a14 1545 bool "Enable signalfd() system call" if EXPERT
fba2afaa
DL
1546 default y
1547 help
1548 Enable the signalfd() system call that allows to receive signals
1549 on a file descriptor.
1550
1551 If unsure, say Y.
1552
b215e283 1553config TIMERFD
6a108a14 1554 bool "Enable timerfd() system call" if EXPERT
b215e283
DL
1555 default y
1556 help
1557 Enable the timerfd() system call that allows to receive timer
1558 events on a file descriptor.
1559
1560 If unsure, say Y.
1561
e1ad7468 1562config EVENTFD
6a108a14 1563 bool "Enable eventfd() system call" if EXPERT
e1ad7468
DL
1564 default y
1565 help
1566 Enable the eventfd() system call that allows to receive both
1567 kernel notification (ie. KAIO) or userspace notifications.
1568
1569 If unsure, say Y.
1570
1da177e4 1571config SHMEM
6a108a14 1572 bool "Use full shmem filesystem" if EXPERT
1da177e4
LT
1573 default y
1574 depends on MMU
1575 help
1576 The shmem is an internal filesystem used to manage shared memory.
1577 It is backed by swap and manages resource limits. It is also exported
1578 to userspace as tmpfs if TMPFS is enabled. Disabling this
1579 option replaces shmem and tmpfs with the much simpler ramfs code,
1580 which may be appropriate on small systems without swap.
1581
ebf3f09c 1582config AIO
6a108a14 1583 bool "Enable AIO support" if EXPERT
ebf3f09c
TP
1584 default y
1585 help
1586 This option enables POSIX asynchronous I/O which may by used
657a5209
MF
1587 by some high performance threaded applications. Disabling
1588 this option saves about 7k.
1589
2b188cc1
JA
1590config IO_URING
1591 bool "Enable IO uring support" if EXPERT
561fb04a 1592 select IO_WQ
2b188cc1
JA
1593 default y
1594 help
1595 This option enables support for the io_uring interface, enabling
1596 applications to submit and complete IO through submission and
1597 completion rings that are shared between the kernel and application.
1598
d3ac21ca
JT
1599config ADVISE_SYSCALLS
1600 bool "Enable madvise/fadvise syscalls" if EXPERT
1601 default y
1602 help
1603 This option enables the madvise and fadvise syscalls, used by
1604 applications to advise the kernel about their future memory or file
1605 usage, improving performance. If building an embedded system where no
1606 applications use these syscalls, you can disable this option to save
1607 space.
1608
5a281062
AA
1609config HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_WP
1610 bool
1611 help
1612 Arch has userfaultfd write protection support
1613
5b25b13a
MD
1614config MEMBARRIER
1615 bool "Enable membarrier() system call" if EXPERT
1616 default y
1617 help
1618 Enable the membarrier() system call that allows issuing memory
1619 barriers across all running threads, which can be used to distribute
1620 the cost of user-space memory barriers asymmetrically by transforming
1621 pairs of memory barriers into pairs consisting of membarrier() and a
1622 compiler barrier.
1623
1624 If unsure, say Y.
1625
d1b069f5 1626config KALLSYMS
e8cf4e9c
KK
1627 bool "Load all symbols for debugging/ksymoops" if EXPERT
1628 default y
1629 help
1630 Say Y here to let the kernel print out symbolic crash information and
1631 symbolic stack backtraces. This increases the size of the kernel
1632 somewhat, as all symbols have to be loaded into the kernel image.
d1b069f5
RD
1633
1634config KALLSYMS_ALL
1635 bool "Include all symbols in kallsyms"
1636 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && KALLSYMS
1637 help
e8cf4e9c
KK
1638 Normally kallsyms only contains the symbols of functions for nicer
1639 OOPS messages and backtraces (i.e., symbols from the text and inittext
1640 sections). This is sufficient for most cases. And only in very rare
1641 cases (e.g., when a debugger is used) all symbols are required (e.g.,
1642 names of variables from the data sections, etc).
d1b069f5 1643
e8cf4e9c
KK
1644 This option makes sure that all symbols are loaded into the kernel
1645 image (i.e., symbols from all sections) in cost of increased kernel
1646 size (depending on the kernel configuration, it may be 300KiB or
1647 something like this).
d1b069f5 1648
e8cf4e9c 1649 Say N unless you really need all symbols.
d1b069f5
RD
1650
1651config KALLSYMS_ABSOLUTE_PERCPU
1652 bool
1653 depends on KALLSYMS
1654 default X86_64 && SMP
1655
1656config KALLSYMS_BASE_RELATIVE
1657 bool
1658 depends on KALLSYMS
a687a533 1659 default !IA64
d1b069f5
RD
1660 help
1661 Instead of emitting them as absolute values in the native word size,
1662 emit the symbol references in the kallsyms table as 32-bit entries,
1663 each containing a relative value in the range [base, base + U32_MAX]
1664 or, when KALLSYMS_ABSOLUTE_PERCPU is in effect, each containing either
1665 an absolute value in the range [0, S32_MAX] or a relative value in the
1666 range [base, base + S32_MAX], where base is the lowest relative symbol
1667 address encountered in the image.
1668
1669 On 64-bit builds, this reduces the size of the address table by 50%,
1670 but more importantly, it results in entries whose values are build
1671 time constants, and no relocation pass is required at runtime to fix
1672 up the entries based on the runtime load address of the kernel.
1673
1674# end of the "standard kernel features (expert users)" menu
1675
1676# syscall, maps, verifier
fc611f47
KS
1677
1678config BPF_LSM
1679 bool "LSM Instrumentation with BPF"
4edf16b7 1680 depends on BPF_EVENTS
fc611f47
KS
1681 depends on BPF_SYSCALL
1682 depends on SECURITY
1683 depends on BPF_JIT
1684 help
1685 Enables instrumentation of the security hooks with eBPF programs for
1686 implementing dynamic MAC and Audit Policies.
1687
1688 If you are unsure how to answer this question, answer N.
1689
d1b069f5
RD
1690config BPF_SYSCALL
1691 bool "Enable bpf() system call"
d1b069f5 1692 select BPF
bae77c5e 1693 select IRQ_WORK
1e6c62a8 1694 select TASKS_TRACE_RCU
d1b069f5
RD
1695 default n
1696 help
1697 Enable the bpf() system call that allows to manipulate eBPF
1698 programs and maps via file descriptors.
1699
81c22041
DB
1700config ARCH_WANT_DEFAULT_BPF_JIT
1701 bool
1702
290af866
AS
1703config BPF_JIT_ALWAYS_ON
1704 bool "Permanently enable BPF JIT and remove BPF interpreter"
1705 depends on BPF_SYSCALL && HAVE_EBPF_JIT && BPF_JIT
1706 help
1707 Enables BPF JIT and removes BPF interpreter to avoid
1708 speculative execution of BPF instructions by the interpreter
1709
81c22041
DB
1710config BPF_JIT_DEFAULT_ON
1711 def_bool ARCH_WANT_DEFAULT_BPF_JIT || BPF_JIT_ALWAYS_ON
1712 depends on HAVE_EBPF_JIT && BPF_JIT
1713
d71fa5c9
AS
1714source "kernel/bpf/preload/Kconfig"
1715
d1b069f5
RD
1716config USERFAULTFD
1717 bool "Enable userfaultfd() system call"
d1b069f5
RD
1718 depends on MMU
1719 help
1720 Enable the userfaultfd() system call that allows to intercept and
1721 handle page faults in userland.
1722
3ccfebed
MD
1723config ARCH_HAS_MEMBARRIER_CALLBACKS
1724 bool
1725
70216e18
MD
1726config ARCH_HAS_MEMBARRIER_SYNC_CORE
1727 bool
1728
d7822b1e
MD
1729config RSEQ
1730 bool "Enable rseq() system call" if EXPERT
1731 default y
1732 depends on HAVE_RSEQ
1733 select MEMBARRIER
1734 help
1735 Enable the restartable sequences system call. It provides a
1736 user-space cache for the current CPU number value, which
1737 speeds up getting the current CPU number from user-space,
1738 as well as an ABI to speed up user-space operations on
1739 per-CPU data.
1740
1741 If unsure, say Y.
1742
1743config DEBUG_RSEQ
1744 default n
1745 bool "Enabled debugging of rseq() system call" if EXPERT
1746 depends on RSEQ && DEBUG_KERNEL
1747 help
1748 Enable extra debugging checks for the rseq system call.
1749
1750 If unsure, say N.
1751
6befe5f6
RD
1752config EMBEDDED
1753 bool "Embedded system"
5d2acfc7 1754 option allnoconfig_y
6befe5f6
RD
1755 select EXPERT
1756 help
1757 This option should be enabled if compiling the kernel for
1758 an embedded system so certain expert options are available
1759 for configuration.
1760
cdd6c482 1761config HAVE_PERF_EVENTS
0793a61d 1762 bool
018df72d
MF
1763 help
1764 See tools/perf/design.txt for details.
0793a61d 1765
906010b2
PZ
1766config PERF_USE_VMALLOC
1767 bool
1768 help
1769 See tools/perf/design.txt for details
1770
ad90a3de 1771config PC104
424529fb 1772 bool "PC/104 support" if EXPERT
ad90a3de
WBG
1773 help
1774 Expose PC/104 form factor device drivers and options available for
1775 selection and configuration. Enable this option if your target
1776 machine has a PC/104 bus.
1777
57c0c15b 1778menu "Kernel Performance Events And Counters"
0793a61d 1779
cdd6c482 1780config PERF_EVENTS
57c0c15b 1781 bool "Kernel performance events and counters"
392d65a9 1782 default y if PROFILING
cdd6c482 1783 depends on HAVE_PERF_EVENTS
e360adbe 1784 select IRQ_WORK
83fe27ea 1785 select SRCU
0793a61d 1786 help
57c0c15b
IM
1787 Enable kernel support for various performance events provided
1788 by software and hardware.
0793a61d 1789
dd77038d 1790 Software events are supported either built-in or via the
57c0c15b 1791 use of generic tracepoints.
0793a61d 1792
57c0c15b
IM
1793 Most modern CPUs support performance events via performance
1794 counter registers. These registers count the number of certain
0793a61d
TG
1795 types of hw events: such as instructions executed, cachemisses
1796 suffered, or branches mis-predicted - without slowing down the
1797 kernel or applications. These registers can also trigger interrupts
1798 when a threshold number of events have passed - and can thus be
1799 used to profile the code that runs on that CPU.
1800
57c0c15b 1801 The Linux Performance Event subsystem provides an abstraction of
dd77038d 1802 these software and hardware event capabilities, available via a
57c0c15b 1803 system call and used by the "perf" utility in tools/perf/. It
0793a61d
TG
1804 provides per task and per CPU counters, and it provides event
1805 capabilities on top of those.
1806
1807 Say Y if unsure.
1808
906010b2
PZ
1809config DEBUG_PERF_USE_VMALLOC
1810 default n
1811 bool "Debug: use vmalloc to back perf mmap() buffers"
cb307113 1812 depends on PERF_EVENTS && DEBUG_KERNEL && !PPC
906010b2
PZ
1813 select PERF_USE_VMALLOC
1814 help
e8cf4e9c 1815 Use vmalloc memory to back perf mmap() buffers.
906010b2 1816
e8cf4e9c
KK
1817 Mostly useful for debugging the vmalloc code on platforms
1818 that don't require it.
906010b2 1819
e8cf4e9c 1820 Say N if unsure.
906010b2 1821
0793a61d
TG
1822endmenu
1823
f8891e5e
CL
1824config VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
1825 default y
6a108a14 1826 bool "Enable VM event counters for /proc/vmstat" if EXPERT
f8891e5e 1827 help
2aea4fb6
PJ
1828 VM event counters are needed for event counts to be shown.
1829 This option allows the disabling of the VM event counters
6a108a14 1830 on EXPERT systems. /proc/vmstat will only show page counts
2aea4fb6 1831 if VM event counters are disabled.
f8891e5e 1832
41ecc55b
CL
1833config SLUB_DEBUG
1834 default y
6a108a14 1835 bool "Enable SLUB debugging support" if EXPERT
f6acb635 1836 depends on SLUB && SYSFS
41ecc55b
CL
1837 help
1838 SLUB has extensive debug support features. Disabling these can
1839 result in significant savings in code size. This also disables
1840 SLUB sysfs support. /sys/slab will not exist and there will be
1841 no support for cache validation etc.
1842
1663f26d
TH
1843config SLUB_MEMCG_SYSFS_ON
1844 default n
1845 bool "Enable memcg SLUB sysfs support by default" if EXPERT
1846 depends on SLUB && SYSFS && MEMCG
1847 help
1848 SLUB creates a directory under /sys/kernel/slab for each
1849 allocation cache to host info and debug files. If memory
1850 cgroup is enabled, each cache can have per memory cgroup
1851 caches. SLUB can create the same sysfs directories for these
1852 caches under /sys/kernel/slab/CACHE/cgroup but it can lead
1853 to a very high number of debug files being created. This is
1854 controlled by slub_memcg_sysfs boot parameter and this
1855 config option determines the parameter's default value.
1856
b943c460
RD
1857config COMPAT_BRK
1858 bool "Disable heap randomization"
1859 default y
1860 help
1861 Randomizing heap placement makes heap exploits harder, but it
1862 also breaks ancient binaries (including anything libc5 based).
1863 This option changes the bootup default to heap randomization
692105b8 1864 disabled, and can be overridden at runtime by setting
b943c460
RD
1865 /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space to 2.
1866
1867 On non-ancient distros (post-2000 ones) N is usually a safe choice.
1868
81819f0f
CL
1869choice
1870 prompt "Choose SLAB allocator"
a0acd820 1871 default SLUB
81819f0f
CL
1872 help
1873 This option allows to select a slab allocator.
1874
1875config SLAB
1876 bool "SLAB"
04385fc5 1877 select HAVE_HARDENED_USERCOPY_ALLOCATOR
81819f0f
CL
1878 help
1879 The regular slab allocator that is established and known to work
34013886 1880 well in all environments. It organizes cache hot objects in
02f56210 1881 per cpu and per node queues.
81819f0f
CL
1882
1883config SLUB
81819f0f 1884 bool "SLUB (Unqueued Allocator)"
ed18adc1 1885 select HAVE_HARDENED_USERCOPY_ALLOCATOR
81819f0f
CL
1886 help
1887 SLUB is a slab allocator that minimizes cache line usage
1888 instead of managing queues of cached objects (SLAB approach).
1889 Per cpu caching is realized using slabs of objects instead
1890 of queues of objects. SLUB can use memory efficiently
02f56210
SA
1891 and has enhanced diagnostics. SLUB is the default choice for
1892 a slab allocator.
81819f0f
CL
1893
1894config SLOB
6a108a14 1895 depends on EXPERT
81819f0f
CL
1896 bool "SLOB (Simple Allocator)"
1897 help
37291458
MM
1898 SLOB replaces the stock allocator with a drastically simpler
1899 allocator. SLOB is generally more space efficient but
1900 does not perform as well on large systems.
81819f0f
CL
1901
1902endchoice
1903
7660a6fd
KC
1904config SLAB_MERGE_DEFAULT
1905 bool "Allow slab caches to be merged"
1906 default y
1907 help
1908 For reduced kernel memory fragmentation, slab caches can be
1909 merged when they share the same size and other characteristics.
1910 This carries a risk of kernel heap overflows being able to
1911 overwrite objects from merged caches (and more easily control
1912 cache layout), which makes such heap attacks easier to exploit
1913 by attackers. By keeping caches unmerged, these kinds of exploits
1914 can usually only damage objects in the same cache. To disable
1915 merging at runtime, "slab_nomerge" can be passed on the kernel
1916 command line.
1917
c7ce4f60 1918config SLAB_FREELIST_RANDOM
3404be67 1919 bool "Randomize slab freelist"
210e7a43 1920 depends on SLAB || SLUB
c7ce4f60 1921 help
210e7a43 1922 Randomizes the freelist order used on creating new pages. This
c7ce4f60
TG
1923 security feature reduces the predictability of the kernel slab
1924 allocator against heap overflows.
1925
2482ddec
KC
1926config SLAB_FREELIST_HARDENED
1927 bool "Harden slab freelist metadata"
3404be67 1928 depends on SLAB || SLUB
2482ddec
KC
1929 help
1930 Many kernel heap attacks try to target slab cache metadata and
1931 other infrastructure. This options makes minor performance
92bae787 1932 sacrifices to harden the kernel slab allocator against common
3404be67
KC
1933 freelist exploit methods. Some slab implementations have more
1934 sanity-checking than others. This option is most effective with
1935 CONFIG_SLUB.
2482ddec 1936
e900a918
DW
1937config SHUFFLE_PAGE_ALLOCATOR
1938 bool "Page allocator randomization"
1939 default SLAB_FREELIST_RANDOM && ACPI_NUMA
1940 help
1941 Randomization of the page allocator improves the average
1942 utilization of a direct-mapped memory-side-cache. See section
1943 5.2.27 Heterogeneous Memory Attribute Table (HMAT) in the ACPI
1944 6.2a specification for an example of how a platform advertises
1945 the presence of a memory-side-cache. There are also incidental
1946 security benefits as it reduces the predictability of page
1947 allocations to compliment SLAB_FREELIST_RANDOM, but the
1948 default granularity of shuffling on the "MAX_ORDER - 1" i.e,
1949 10th order of pages is selected based on cache utilization
1950 benefits on x86.
1951
1952 While the randomization improves cache utilization it may
1953 negatively impact workloads on platforms without a cache. For
1954 this reason, by default, the randomization is enabled only
1955 after runtime detection of a direct-mapped memory-side-cache.
1956 Otherwise, the randomization may be force enabled with the
1957 'page_alloc.shuffle' kernel command line parameter.
1958
1959 Say Y if unsure.
1960
345c905d
JK
1961config SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
1962 default y
b39ffbf8 1963 depends on SLUB && SMP
345c905d
JK
1964 bool "SLUB per cpu partial cache"
1965 help
92bae787 1966 Per cpu partial caches accelerate objects allocation and freeing
345c905d
JK
1967 that is local to a processor at the price of more indeterminism
1968 in the latency of the free. On overflow these caches will be cleared
1969 which requires the taking of locks that may cause latency spikes.
1970 Typically one would choose no for a realtime system.
1971
ea637639
JZ
1972config MMAP_ALLOW_UNINITIALIZED
1973 bool "Allow mmapped anonymous memory to be uninitialized"
6a108a14 1974 depends on EXPERT && !MMU
ea637639
JZ
1975 default n
1976 help
1977 Normally, and according to the Linux spec, anonymous memory obtained
3903bf94 1978 from mmap() has its contents cleared before it is passed to
ea637639
JZ
1979 userspace. Enabling this config option allows you to request that
1980 mmap() skip that if it is given an MAP_UNINITIALIZED flag, thus
1981 providing a huge performance boost. If this option is not enabled,
1982 then the flag will be ignored.
1983
1984 This is taken advantage of by uClibc's malloc(), and also by
1985 ELF-FDPIC binfmt's brk and stack allocator.
1986
1987 Because of the obvious security issues, this option should only be
1988 enabled on embedded devices where you control what is run in
1989 userspace. Since that isn't generally a problem on no-MMU systems,
1990 it is normally safe to say Y here.
1991
800c02f5 1992 See Documentation/mm/nommu-mmap.rst for more information.
ea637639 1993
091f6e26
DH
1994config SYSTEM_DATA_VERIFICATION
1995 def_bool n
1996 select SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING
1997 select KEYS
1998 select CRYPTO
d43de6c7 1999 select CRYPTO_RSA
091f6e26
DH
2000 select ASYMMETRIC_KEY_TYPE
2001 select ASYMMETRIC_PUBLIC_KEY_SUBTYPE
091f6e26
DH
2002 select ASN1
2003 select OID_REGISTRY
2004 select X509_CERTIFICATE_PARSER
2005 select PKCS7_MESSAGE_PARSER
82c04ff8 2006 help
091f6e26
DH
2007 Provide PKCS#7 message verification using the contents of the system
2008 trusted keyring to provide public keys. This then can be used for
2009 module verification, kexec image verification and firmware blob
2010 verification.
82c04ff8 2011
125e5645 2012config PROFILING
b309a294 2013 bool "Profiling support"
125e5645
MD
2014 help
2015 Say Y here to enable the extended profiling support mechanisms used
2016 by profilers such as OProfile.
2017
5f87f112
IM
2018#
2019# Place an empty function call at each tracepoint site. Can be
2020# dynamically changed for a probe function.
2021#
97e1c18e 2022config TRACEPOINTS
5f87f112 2023 bool
97e1c18e 2024
1da177e4
LT
2025endmenu # General setup
2026
1572497c
CH
2027source "arch/Kconfig"
2028
ae81f9e3 2029config RT_MUTEXES
6341e62b 2030 bool
ae81f9e3 2031
1da177e4
LT
2032config BASE_SMALL
2033 int
2034 default 0 if BASE_FULL
2035 default 1 if !BASE_FULL
2036
c8424e77
TJB
2037config MODULE_SIG_FORMAT
2038 def_bool n
2039 select SYSTEM_DATA_VERIFICATION
2040
66da5733 2041menuconfig MODULES
1da177e4 2042 bool "Enable loadable module support"
11097a03 2043 option modules
1da177e4
LT
2044 help
2045 Kernel modules are small pieces of compiled code which can
2046 be inserted in the running kernel, rather than being
2047 permanently built into the kernel. You use the "modprobe"
2048 tool to add (and sometimes remove) them. If you say Y here,
2049 many parts of the kernel can be built as modules (by
2050 answering M instead of Y where indicated): this is most
2051 useful for infrequently used options which are not required
2052 for booting. For more information, see the man pages for
2053 modprobe, lsmod, modinfo, insmod and rmmod.
2054
2055 If you say Y here, you will need to run "make
2056 modules_install" to put the modules under /lib/modules/
2057 where modprobe can find them (you may need to be root to do
2058 this).
2059
2060 If unsure, say Y.
2061
0b0de144
RD
2062if MODULES
2063
826e4506
LT
2064config MODULE_FORCE_LOAD
2065 bool "Forced module loading"
826e4506
LT
2066 default n
2067 help
91e37a79
RR
2068 Allow loading of modules without version information (ie. modprobe
2069 --force). Forced module loading sets the 'F' (forced) taint flag and
2070 is usually a really bad idea.
826e4506 2071
1da177e4
LT
2072config MODULE_UNLOAD
2073 bool "Module unloading"
1da177e4
LT
2074 help
2075 Without this option you will not be able to unload any
2076 modules (note that some modules may not be unloadable
f7f5b675
DV
2077 anyway), which makes your kernel smaller, faster
2078 and simpler. If unsure, say Y.
1da177e4
LT
2079
2080config MODULE_FORCE_UNLOAD
2081 bool "Forced module unloading"
19c92399 2082 depends on MODULE_UNLOAD
1da177e4
LT
2083 help
2084 This option allows you to force a module to unload, even if the
2085 kernel believes it is unsafe: the kernel will remove the module
2086 without waiting for anyone to stop using it (using the -f option to
2087 rmmod). This is mainly for kernel developers and desperate users.
2088 If unsure, say N.
2089
1da177e4 2090config MODVERSIONS
0d541643 2091 bool "Module versioning support"
1da177e4
LT
2092 help
2093 Usually, you have to use modules compiled with your kernel.
2094 Saying Y here makes it sometimes possible to use modules
2095 compiled for different kernels, by adding enough information
2096 to the modules to (hopefully) spot any changes which would
2097 make them incompatible with the kernel you are running. If
2098 unsure, say N.
2099
2ff2b7ec
MY
2100config ASM_MODVERSIONS
2101 bool
2102 default HAVE_ASM_MODVERSIONS && MODVERSIONS
2103 help
2104 This enables module versioning for exported symbols also from
2105 assembly. This can be enabled only when the target architecture
2106 supports it.
2107
56067812
AB
2108config MODULE_REL_CRCS
2109 bool
2110 depends on MODVERSIONS
2111
1da177e4
LT
2112config MODULE_SRCVERSION_ALL
2113 bool "Source checksum for all modules"
1da177e4
LT
2114 help
2115 Modules which contain a MODULE_VERSION get an extra "srcversion"
2116 field inserted into their modinfo section, which contains a
2117 sum of the source files which made it. This helps maintainers
2118 see exactly which source was used to build a module (since
2119 others sometimes change the module source without updating
2120 the version). With this option, such a "srcversion" field
2121 will be created for all modules. If unsure, say N.
2122
106a4ee2
RR
2123config MODULE_SIG
2124 bool "Module signature verification"
c8424e77 2125 select MODULE_SIG_FORMAT
106a4ee2
RR
2126 help
2127 Check modules for valid signatures upon load: the signature
2128 is simply appended to the module. For more information see
cbdc8217 2129 <file:Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst>.
106a4ee2 2130
228c37ff
DH
2131 Note that this option adds the OpenSSL development packages as a
2132 kernel build dependency so that the signing tool can use its crypto
2133 library.
2134
49fcf732
DH
2135 You should enable this option if you wish to use either
2136 CONFIG_SECURITY_LOCKDOWN_LSM or lockdown functionality imposed via
2137 another LSM - otherwise unsigned modules will be loadable regardless
2138 of the lockdown policy.
2139
ea0b6dcf
DH
2140 !!!WARNING!!! If you enable this option, you MUST make sure that the
2141 module DOES NOT get stripped after being signed. This includes the
2142 debuginfo strip done by some packagers (such as rpmbuild) and
2143 inclusion into an initramfs that wants the module size reduced.
2144
106a4ee2
RR
2145config MODULE_SIG_FORCE
2146 bool "Require modules to be validly signed"
2147 depends on MODULE_SIG
2148 help
2149 Reject unsigned modules or signed modules for which we don't have a
2150 key. Without this, such modules will simply taint the kernel.
ea0b6dcf 2151
d9d8d7ed
MM
2152config MODULE_SIG_ALL
2153 bool "Automatically sign all modules"
2154 default y
2155 depends on MODULE_SIG
2156 help
2157 Sign all modules during make modules_install. Without this option,
2158 modules must be signed manually, using the scripts/sign-file tool.
2159
2160comment "Do not forget to sign required modules with scripts/sign-file"
2161 depends on MODULE_SIG_FORCE && !MODULE_SIG_ALL
2162
ea0b6dcf
DH
2163choice
2164 prompt "Which hash algorithm should modules be signed with?"
2165 depends on MODULE_SIG
2166 help
2167 This determines which sort of hashing algorithm will be used during
2168 signature generation. This algorithm _must_ be built into the kernel
2169 directly so that signature verification can take place. It is not
2170 possible to load a signed module containing the algorithm to check
2171 the signature on that module.
2172
2173config MODULE_SIG_SHA1
2174 bool "Sign modules with SHA-1"
2175 select CRYPTO_SHA1
2176
2177config MODULE_SIG_SHA224
2178 bool "Sign modules with SHA-224"
2179 select CRYPTO_SHA256
2180
2181config MODULE_SIG_SHA256
2182 bool "Sign modules with SHA-256"
2183 select CRYPTO_SHA256
2184
2185config MODULE_SIG_SHA384
2186 bool "Sign modules with SHA-384"
2187 select CRYPTO_SHA512
2188
2189config MODULE_SIG_SHA512
2190 bool "Sign modules with SHA-512"
2191 select CRYPTO_SHA512
2192
2193endchoice
2194
22753674
MM
2195config MODULE_SIG_HASH
2196 string
2197 depends on MODULE_SIG
2198 default "sha1" if MODULE_SIG_SHA1
2199 default "sha224" if MODULE_SIG_SHA224
2200 default "sha256" if MODULE_SIG_SHA256
2201 default "sha384" if MODULE_SIG_SHA384
2202 default "sha512" if MODULE_SIG_SHA512
2203
beb50df3
BJ
2204config MODULE_COMPRESS
2205 bool "Compress modules on installation"
beb50df3 2206 help
beb50df3 2207
b6c09b51
RR
2208 Compresses kernel modules when 'make modules_install' is run; gzip or
2209 xz depending on "Compression algorithm" below.
beb50df3 2210
b6c09b51 2211 module-init-tools MAY support gzip, and kmod MAY support gzip and xz.
beb50df3 2212
b6c09b51
RR
2213 Out-of-tree kernel modules installed using Kbuild will also be
2214 compressed upon installation.
beb50df3 2215
b6c09b51
RR
2216 Note: for modules inside an initrd or initramfs, it's more efficient
2217 to compress the whole initrd or initramfs instead.
beb50df3 2218
b6c09b51
RR
2219 Note: This is fully compatible with signed modules.
2220
2221 If in doubt, say N.
beb50df3
BJ
2222
2223choice
2224 prompt "Compression algorithm"
2225 depends on MODULE_COMPRESS
2226 default MODULE_COMPRESS_GZIP
2227 help
2228 This determines which sort of compression will be used during
2229 'make modules_install'.
2230
2231 GZIP (default) and XZ are supported.
2232
2233config MODULE_COMPRESS_GZIP
2234 bool "GZIP"
2235
2236config MODULE_COMPRESS_XZ
2237 bool "XZ"
2238
2239endchoice
2240
3d52ec5e
MM
2241config MODULE_ALLOW_MISSING_NAMESPACE_IMPORTS
2242 bool "Allow loading of modules with missing namespace imports"
2243 help
2244 Symbols exported with EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS*() are considered exported in
2245 a namespace. A module that makes use of a symbol exported with such a
2246 namespace is required to import the namespace via MODULE_IMPORT_NS().
2247 There is no technical reason to enforce correct namespace imports,
2248 but it creates consistency between symbols defining namespaces and
2249 users importing namespaces they make use of. This option relaxes this
2250 requirement and lifts the enforcement when loading a module.
2251
2252 If unsure, say N.
2253
efd9763d
MY
2254config UNUSED_SYMBOLS
2255 bool "Enable unused/obsolete exported symbols"
2256 default y if X86
2257 help
2258 Unused but exported symbols make the kernel needlessly bigger. For
2259 that reason most of these unused exports will soon be removed. This
2260 option is provided temporarily to provide a transition period in case
2261 some external kernel module needs one of these symbols anyway. If you
2262 encounter such a case in your module, consider if you are actually
2263 using the right API. (rationale: since nobody in the kernel is using
2264 this in a module, there is a pretty good chance it's actually the
2265 wrong interface to use). If you really need the symbol, please send a
2266 mail to the linux kernel mailing list mentioning the symbol and why
2267 you really need it, and what the merge plan to the mainline kernel for
2268 your module is.
2269
dbacb0ef
NP
2270config TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
2271 bool "Trim unused exported kernel symbols"
d189c2a4 2272 depends on !UNUSED_SYMBOLS
dbacb0ef
NP
2273 help
2274 The kernel and some modules make many symbols available for
2275 other modules to use via EXPORT_SYMBOL() and variants. Depending
2276 on the set of modules being selected in your kernel configuration,
2277 many of those exported symbols might never be used.
2278
2279 This option allows for unused exported symbols to be dropped from
2280 the build. In turn, this provides the compiler more opportunities
2281 (especially when using LTO) for optimizing the code and reducing
2282 binary size. This might have some security advantages as well.
2283
f1cb637e 2284 If unsure, or if you need to build out-of-tree modules, say N.
dbacb0ef 2285
1518c633
QP
2286config UNUSED_KSYMS_WHITELIST
2287 string "Whitelist of symbols to keep in ksymtab"
2288 depends on TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
2289 help
2290 By default, all unused exported symbols will be un-exported from the
2291 build when TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS is selected.
2292
2293 UNUSED_KSYMS_WHITELIST allows to whitelist symbols that must be kept
2294 exported at all times, even in absence of in-tree users. The value to
2295 set here is the path to a text file containing the list of symbols,
2296 one per line. The path can be absolute, or relative to the kernel
2297 source tree.
2298
0b0de144
RD
2299endif # MODULES
2300
6c9692e2
PZ
2301config MODULES_TREE_LOOKUP
2302 def_bool y
2303 depends on PERF_EVENTS || TRACING
2304
98a79d6a
RR
2305config INIT_ALL_POSSIBLE
2306 bool
2307 help
5f054e31
RR
2308 Back when each arch used to define their own cpu_online_mask and
2309 cpu_possible_mask, some of them chose to initialize cpu_possible_mask
98a79d6a
RR
2310 with all 1s, and others with all 0s. When they were centralised,
2311 it was better to provide this option than to break all the archs
692105b8 2312 and have several arch maintainers pursuing me down dark alleys.
98a79d6a 2313
3a65dfe8 2314source "block/Kconfig"
e98c3202
AK
2315
2316config PREEMPT_NOTIFIERS
2317 bool
e260be67 2318
16295bec
SK
2319config PADATA
2320 depends on SMP
2321 bool
2322
4520c6a4
DH
2323config ASN1
2324 tristate
2325 help
2326 Build a simple ASN.1 grammar compiler that produces a bytecode output
2327 that can be interpreted by the ASN.1 stream decoder and used to
2328 inform it as to what tags are to be expected in a stream and what
2329 functions to call on what tags.
2330
6beb0009 2331source "kernel/Kconfig.locks"
e61938a9 2332
0ebeea8c
DB
2333config ARCH_HAS_NON_OVERLAPPING_ADDRESS_SPACE
2334 bool
2335
e61938a9
MD
2336config ARCH_HAS_SYNC_CORE_BEFORE_USERMODE
2337 bool
1bd21c6c
DB
2338
2339# It may be useful for an architecture to override the definitions of the
7303e30e
DB
2340# SYSCALL_DEFINE() and __SYSCALL_DEFINEx() macros in <linux/syscalls.h>
2341# and the COMPAT_ variants in <linux/compat.h>, in particular to use a
2342# different calling convention for syscalls. They can also override the
2343# macros for not-implemented syscalls in kernel/sys_ni.c and
2344# kernel/time/posix-stubs.c. All these overrides need to be available in
2345# <asm/syscall_wrapper.h>.
1bd21c6c
DB
2346config ARCH_HAS_SYSCALL_WRAPPER
2347 def_bool n