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1da177e4
LT
1/*
2 * linux/init/main.c
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
5 *
6 * GK 2/5/95 - Changed to support mounting root fs via NFS
7 * Added initrd & change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
8 * Moan early if gcc is old, avoiding bogus kernels - Paul Gortmaker, May '96
9 * Simplified starting of init: Michael A. Griffith <grif@acm.org>
10 */
11
1da177e4
LT
12#include <linux/types.h>
13#include <linux/module.h>
14#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
1da177e4
LT
15#include <linux/kernel.h>
16#include <linux/syscalls.h>
9b5609fd 17#include <linux/stackprotector.h>
1da177e4
LT
18#include <linux/string.h>
19#include <linux/ctype.h>
20#include <linux/delay.h>
1da177e4
LT
21#include <linux/ioport.h>
22#include <linux/init.h>
1da177e4 23#include <linux/initrd.h>
1da177e4 24#include <linux/bootmem.h>
4a7a16dc 25#include <linux/acpi.h>
1da177e4 26#include <linux/tty.h>
1da177e4
LT
27#include <linux/percpu.h>
28#include <linux/kmod.h>
db64fe02 29#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
1da177e4 30#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
d7cd5611 31#include <linux/start_kernel.h>
1da177e4 32#include <linux/security.h>
3d442233 33#include <linux/smp.h>
1da177e4
LT
34#include <linux/profile.h>
35#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
36#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
37#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
38#include <linux/writeback.h>
39#include <linux/cpu.h>
40#include <linux/cpuset.h>
ddbcc7e8 41#include <linux/cgroup.h>
1da177e4 42#include <linux/efi.h>
906568c9 43#include <linux/tick.h>
6168a702 44#include <linux/interrupt.h>
c757249a 45#include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
ca74e92b 46#include <linux/delayacct.h>
1da177e4
LT
47#include <linux/unistd.h>
48#include <linux/rmap.h>
49#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
50#include <linux/key.h>
b6cd0b77 51#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
94b6da5a 52#include <linux/page_cgroup.h>
9a11b49a 53#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
3ac7fe5a 54#include <linux/debugobjects.h>
fbb9ce95 55#include <linux/lockdep.h>
3c7b4e6b 56#include <linux/kmemleak.h>
84d73786 57#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
1f21782e 58#include <linux/device.h>
73c27992 59#include <linux/kthread.h>
e6fe6649 60#include <linux/sched.h>
a1c9eea9 61#include <linux/signal.h>
199f0ca5 62#include <linux/idr.h>
0b4b3827 63#include <linux/kgdb.h>
68bf21aa 64#include <linux/ftrace.h>
22a9d645 65#include <linux/async.h>
dfec072e 66#include <linux/kmemcheck.h>
6ae6996a 67#include <linux/sfi.h>
2b2af54a 68#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
5a0e3ad6 69#include <linux/slab.h>
24a24bb6 70#include <linux/perf_event.h>
4a9d4b02 71#include <linux/file.h>
a74fb73c 72#include <linux/ptrace.h>
1da177e4
LT
73
74#include <asm/io.h>
75#include <asm/bugs.h>
76#include <asm/setup.h>
a940199f 77#include <asm/sections.h>
37b73c82 78#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
1da177e4 79
1da177e4
LT
80#ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
81#include <asm/smp.h>
82#endif
83
aae5f662 84static int kernel_init(void *);
1da177e4
LT
85
86extern void init_IRQ(void);
1da177e4
LT
87extern void fork_init(unsigned long);
88extern void mca_init(void);
89extern void sbus_init(void);
1da177e4 90extern void radix_tree_init(void);
37b73c82
AV
91#ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
92static inline void mark_rodata_ro(void) { }
93#endif
1da177e4
LT
94
95#ifdef CONFIG_TC
96extern void tc_init(void);
97#endif
98
2ce802f6
TH
99/*
100 * Debug helper: via this flag we know that we are in 'early bootup code'
101 * where only the boot processor is running with IRQ disabled. This means
102 * two things - IRQ must not be enabled before the flag is cleared and some
103 * operations which are not allowed with IRQ disabled are allowed while the
104 * flag is set.
105 */
106bool early_boot_irqs_disabled __read_mostly;
107
a6826048 108enum system_states system_state __read_mostly;
1da177e4
LT
109EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_state);
110
111/*
112 * Boot command-line arguments
113 */
114#define MAX_INIT_ARGS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
115#define MAX_INIT_ENVS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
116
117extern void time_init(void);
118/* Default late time init is NULL. archs can override this later. */
d2e3192b 119void (*__initdata late_time_init)(void);
1da177e4
LT
120extern void softirq_init(void);
121
30d7e0d4
ABL
122/* Untouched command line saved by arch-specific code. */
123char __initdata boot_command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
124/* Untouched saved command line (eg. for /proc) */
125char *saved_command_line;
126/* Command line for parameter parsing */
127static char *static_command_line;
1da177e4
LT
128
129static char *execute_command;
ffdfc409 130static char *ramdisk_execute_command;
1da177e4 131
8b3b2955
JB
132/*
133 * If set, this is an indication to the drivers that reset the underlying
134 * device before going ahead with the initialization otherwise driver might
135 * rely on the BIOS and skip the reset operation.
136 *
137 * This is useful if kernel is booting in an unreliable environment.
138 * For ex. kdump situaiton where previous kernel has crashed, BIOS has been
139 * skipped and devices will be in unknown state.
140 */
141unsigned int reset_devices;
142EXPORT_SYMBOL(reset_devices);
1da177e4 143
7e96287d
VG
144static int __init set_reset_devices(char *str)
145{
146 reset_devices = 1;
147 return 1;
148}
149
150__setup("reset_devices", set_reset_devices);
151
d7627467
DH
152static const char * argv_init[MAX_INIT_ARGS+2] = { "init", NULL, };
153const char * envp_init[MAX_INIT_ENVS+2] = { "HOME=/", "TERM=linux", NULL, };
1da177e4
LT
154static const char *panic_later, *panic_param;
155
914dcaa8 156extern const struct obs_kernel_param __setup_start[], __setup_end[];
1da177e4
LT
157
158static int __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line)
159{
914dcaa8 160 const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
33df0d19 161 int had_early_param = 0;
1da177e4
LT
162
163 p = __setup_start;
164 do {
165 int n = strlen(p->str);
b1e4d20c 166 if (parameqn(line, p->str, n)) {
1da177e4 167 if (p->early) {
33df0d19
RR
168 /* Already done in parse_early_param?
169 * (Needs exact match on param part).
170 * Keep iterating, as we can have early
171 * params and __setups of same names 8( */
1da177e4 172 if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=')
33df0d19 173 had_early_param = 1;
1da177e4
LT
174 } else if (!p->setup_func) {
175 printk(KERN_WARNING "Parameter %s is obsolete,"
176 " ignored\n", p->str);
177 return 1;
178 } else if (p->setup_func(line + n))
179 return 1;
180 }
181 p++;
182 } while (p < __setup_end);
33df0d19
RR
183
184 return had_early_param;
1da177e4
LT
185}
186
187/*
188 * This should be approx 2 Bo*oMips to start (note initial shift), and will
189 * still work even if initially too large, it will just take slightly longer
190 */
191unsigned long loops_per_jiffy = (1<<12);
192
193EXPORT_SYMBOL(loops_per_jiffy);
194
195static int __init debug_kernel(char *str)
196{
1da177e4 197 console_loglevel = 10;
f6f21c81 198 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
199}
200
201static int __init quiet_kernel(char *str)
202{
1da177e4 203 console_loglevel = 4;
f6f21c81 204 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
205}
206
f6f21c81
YL
207early_param("debug", debug_kernel);
208early_param("quiet", quiet_kernel);
1da177e4
LT
209
210static int __init loglevel(char *str)
211{
808bf29b
AS
212 int newlevel;
213
214 /*
215 * Only update loglevel value when a correct setting was passed,
216 * to prevent blind crashes (when loglevel being set to 0) that
217 * are quite hard to debug
218 */
219 if (get_option(&str, &newlevel)) {
220 console_loglevel = newlevel;
221 return 0;
222 }
223
224 return -EINVAL;
1da177e4
LT
225}
226
f6f21c81 227early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
1da177e4 228
a99cd112 229/* Change NUL term back to "=", to make "param" the whole string. */
eb157427 230static int __init repair_env_string(char *param, char *val, const char *unused)
1da177e4 231{
1da177e4
LT
232 if (val) {
233 /* param=val or param="val"? */
234 if (val == param+strlen(param)+1)
235 val[-1] = '=';
236 else if (val == param+strlen(param)+2) {
237 val[-2] = '=';
238 memmove(val-1, val, strlen(val)+1);
239 val--;
240 } else
241 BUG();
242 }
a99cd112
CM
243 return 0;
244}
245
246/*
247 * Unknown boot options get handed to init, unless they look like
248 * unused parameters (modprobe will find them in /proc/cmdline).
249 */
eb157427 250static int __init unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val, const char *unused)
a99cd112 251{
eb157427 252 repair_env_string(param, val, unused);
1da177e4
LT
253
254 /* Handle obsolete-style parameters */
255 if (obsolete_checksetup(param))
256 return 0;
257
f066a4f6
RR
258 /* Unused module parameter. */
259 if (strchr(param, '.') && (!val || strchr(param, '.') < val))
1da177e4 260 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
261
262 if (panic_later)
263 return 0;
264
265 if (val) {
266 /* Environment option */
267 unsigned int i;
268 for (i = 0; envp_init[i]; i++) {
269 if (i == MAX_INIT_ENVS) {
270 panic_later = "Too many boot env vars at `%s'";
271 panic_param = param;
272 }
273 if (!strncmp(param, envp_init[i], val - param))
274 break;
275 }
276 envp_init[i] = param;
277 } else {
278 /* Command line option */
279 unsigned int i;
280 for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
281 if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
282 panic_later = "Too many boot init vars at `%s'";
283 panic_param = param;
284 }
285 }
286 argv_init[i] = param;
287 }
288 return 0;
289}
290
291static int __init init_setup(char *str)
292{
293 unsigned int i;
294
295 execute_command = str;
296 /*
297 * In case LILO is going to boot us with default command line,
298 * it prepends "auto" before the whole cmdline which makes
299 * the shell think it should execute a script with such name.
300 * So we ignore all arguments entered _before_ init=... [MJ]
301 */
302 for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
303 argv_init[i] = NULL;
304 return 1;
305}
306__setup("init=", init_setup);
307
ffdfc409
OJ
308static int __init rdinit_setup(char *str)
309{
310 unsigned int i;
311
312 ramdisk_execute_command = str;
313 /* See "auto" comment in init_setup */
314 for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
315 argv_init[i] = NULL;
316 return 1;
317}
318__setup("rdinit=", rdinit_setup);
319
1da177e4 320#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
34db18a0 321static const unsigned int setup_max_cpus = NR_CPUS;
1da177e4
LT
322#ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
323static void __init smp_init(void)
324{
325 APIC_init_uniprocessor();
326}
327#else
328#define smp_init() do { } while (0)
329#endif
330
e0982e90 331static inline void setup_nr_cpu_ids(void) { }
1da177e4 332static inline void smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus) { }
1da177e4
LT
333#endif
334
30d7e0d4
ABL
335/*
336 * We need to store the untouched command line for future reference.
337 * We also need to store the touched command line since the parameter
338 * parsing is performed in place, and we should allow a component to
339 * store reference of name/value for future reference.
340 */
341static void __init setup_command_line(char *command_line)
342{
343 saved_command_line = alloc_bootmem(strlen (boot_command_line)+1);
344 static_command_line = alloc_bootmem(strlen (command_line)+1);
345 strcpy (saved_command_line, boot_command_line);
346 strcpy (static_command_line, command_line);
347}
348
1da177e4
LT
349/*
350 * We need to finalize in a non-__init function or else race conditions
351 * between the root thread and the init thread may cause start_kernel to
352 * be reaped by free_initmem before the root thread has proceeded to
353 * cpu_idle.
354 *
355 * gcc-3.4 accidentally inlines this function, so use noinline.
356 */
357
b433c3d4
PZ
358static __initdata DECLARE_COMPLETION(kthreadd_done);
359
f99ebf0a 360static noinline void __init_refok rest_init(void)
1da177e4 361{
73c27992
EB
362 int pid;
363
7db905e6 364 rcu_scheduler_starting();
b433c3d4 365 /*
97158569 366 * We need to spawn init first so that it obtains pid 1, however
b433c3d4
PZ
367 * the init task will end up wanting to create kthreads, which, if
368 * we schedule it before we create kthreadd, will OOPS.
369 */
aae5f662 370 kernel_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_SIGHAND);
1da177e4 371 numa_default_policy();
73c27992 372 pid = kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES);
d11c563d 373 rcu_read_lock();
5cd20455 374 kthreadd_task = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
d11c563d 375 rcu_read_unlock();
b433c3d4 376 complete(&kthreadd_done);
f340c0d1
IM
377
378 /*
379 * The boot idle thread must execute schedule()
1df21055 380 * at least once to get things moving:
f340c0d1 381 */
1df21055 382 init_idle_bootup_task(current);
bd2f5536 383 schedule_preempt_disabled();
5bfb5d69 384 /* Call into cpu_idle with preempt disabled */
1da177e4 385 cpu_idle();
1df21055 386}
1da177e4
LT
387
388/* Check for early params. */
9fb48c74 389static int __init do_early_param(char *param, char *val, const char *unused)
1da177e4 390{
914dcaa8 391 const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
1da177e4
LT
392
393 for (p = __setup_start; p < __setup_end; p++) {
b1e4d20c 394 if ((p->early && parameq(param, p->str)) ||
18a8bd94
YL
395 (strcmp(param, "console") == 0 &&
396 strcmp(p->str, "earlycon") == 0)
397 ) {
1da177e4
LT
398 if (p->setup_func(val) != 0)
399 printk(KERN_WARNING
400 "Malformed early option '%s'\n", param);
401 }
402 }
403 /* We accept everything at this stage. */
404 return 0;
405}
406
13977091
MD
407void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline)
408{
026cee00 409 parse_args("early options", cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, do_early_param);
13977091
MD
410}
411
1da177e4
LT
412/* Arch code calls this early on, or if not, just before other parsing. */
413void __init parse_early_param(void)
414{
415 static __initdata int done = 0;
416 static __initdata char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
417
418 if (done)
419 return;
420
421 /* All fall through to do_early_param. */
30d7e0d4 422 strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
13977091 423 parse_early_options(tmp_cmdline);
1da177e4
LT
424 done = 1;
425}
426
427/*
428 * Activate the first processor.
429 */
430
44fd2299
SS
431static void __init boot_cpu_init(void)
432{
433 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
434 /* Mark the boot cpu "present", "online" etc for SMP and UP case */
915441b6 435 set_cpu_online(cpu, true);
933b0618 436 set_cpu_active(cpu, true);
915441b6
RR
437 set_cpu_present(cpu, true);
438 set_cpu_possible(cpu, true);
44fd2299
SS
439}
440
839ad62e 441void __init __weak smp_setup_processor_id(void)
033ab7f8
AM
442{
443}
444
8c9843e5
BH
445void __init __weak thread_info_cache_init(void)
446{
447}
448
444f478f
PE
449/*
450 * Set up kernel memory allocators
451 */
452static void __init mm_init(void)
453{
ca371c0d 454 /*
7fa87ce7
JC
455 * page_cgroup requires contiguous pages,
456 * bigger than MAX_ORDER unless SPARSEMEM.
ca371c0d
KH
457 */
458 page_cgroup_init_flatmem();
444f478f
PE
459 mem_init();
460 kmem_cache_init();
099a19d9 461 percpu_init_late();
c868d550 462 pgtable_cache_init();
444f478f
PE
463 vmalloc_init();
464}
465
1da177e4
LT
466asmlinkage void __init start_kernel(void)
467{
468 char * command_line;
914dcaa8 469 extern const struct kernel_param __start___param[], __stop___param[];
033ab7f8 470
fbb9ce95
IM
471 /*
472 * Need to run as early as possible, to initialize the
473 * lockdep hash:
474 */
475 lockdep_init();
73839c5b 476 smp_setup_processor_id();
3ac7fe5a 477 debug_objects_early_init();
42059429
IM
478
479 /*
480 * Set up the the initial canary ASAP:
481 */
482 boot_init_stack_canary();
483
ddbcc7e8 484 cgroup_init_early();
fbb9ce95
IM
485
486 local_irq_disable();
2ce802f6 487 early_boot_irqs_disabled = true;
fbb9ce95 488
1da177e4
LT
489/*
490 * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then
491 * enable them
492 */
906568c9 493 tick_init();
44fd2299 494 boot_cpu_init();
1da177e4 495 page_address_init();
657cafa6 496 printk(KERN_NOTICE "%s", linux_banner);
1da177e4 497 setup_arch(&command_line);
cf475ad2 498 mm_init_owner(&init_mm, &init_task);
6345d24d 499 mm_init_cpumask(&init_mm);
30d7e0d4 500 setup_command_line(command_line);
e0982e90 501 setup_nr_cpu_ids();
d6647bdf 502 setup_per_cpu_areas();
44fd2299 503 smp_prepare_boot_cpu(); /* arch-specific boot-cpu hooks */
1da177e4 504
9adb62a5 505 build_all_zonelists(NULL, NULL);
83b519e8
PE
506 page_alloc_init();
507
508 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Kernel command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
509 parse_early_param();
510 parse_args("Booting kernel", static_command_line, __start___param,
511 __stop___param - __start___param,
ae82fdb1 512 -1, -1, &unknown_bootoption);
97ce2c88
JF
513
514 jump_label_init();
515
83b519e8
PE
516 /*
517 * These use large bootmem allocations and must precede
518 * kmem_cache_init()
519 */
162a7e75 520 setup_log_buf(0);
83b519e8 521 pidhash_init();
83b519e8
PE
522 vfs_caches_init_early();
523 sort_main_extable();
524 trap_init();
444f478f 525 mm_init();
de03c72c 526
1da177e4
LT
527 /*
528 * Set up the scheduler prior starting any interrupts (such as the
529 * timer interrupt). Full topology setup happens at smp_init()
530 * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler.
531 */
532 sched_init();
533 /*
534 * Disable preemption - early bootup scheduling is extremely
535 * fragile until we cpu_idle() for the first time.
536 */
537 preempt_disable();
c4a68306
AB
538 if (!irqs_disabled()) {
539 printk(KERN_WARNING "start_kernel(): bug: interrupts were "
540 "enabled *very* early, fixing it\n");
541 local_irq_disable();
542 }
9f58a205 543 idr_init_cache();
24a24bb6 544 perf_event_init();
1da177e4 545 rcu_init();
773e3eb7 546 radix_tree_init();
0b8f1efa
YL
547 /* init some links before init_ISA_irqs() */
548 early_irq_init();
1da177e4 549 init_IRQ();
1da177e4 550 init_timers();
c0a31329 551 hrtimers_init();
1da177e4 552 softirq_init();
ad596171 553 timekeeping_init();
88fecaa2 554 time_init();
93e02814 555 profile_init();
d8ad7d11 556 call_function_init();
93e02814 557 if (!irqs_disabled())
24d431d0
RL
558 printk(KERN_CRIT "start_kernel(): bug: interrupts were "
559 "enabled early\n");
2ce802f6 560 early_boot_irqs_disabled = false;
93e02814 561 local_irq_enable();
dcce284a 562
7e85ee0c 563 kmem_cache_init_late();
1da177e4
LT
564
565 /*
566 * HACK ALERT! This is early. We're enabling the console before
567 * we've done PCI setups etc, and console_init() must be aware of
568 * this. But we do want output early, in case something goes wrong.
569 */
570 console_init();
571 if (panic_later)
572 panic(panic_later, panic_param);
fbb9ce95
IM
573
574 lockdep_info();
575
9a11b49a
IM
576 /*
577 * Need to run this when irqs are enabled, because it wants
578 * to self-test [hard/soft]-irqs on/off lock inversion bugs
579 * too:
580 */
581 locking_selftest();
582
1da177e4
LT
583#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
584 if (initrd_start && !initrd_below_start_ok &&
bd673c7c 585 page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)) < min_low_pfn) {
1da177e4 586 printk(KERN_CRIT "initrd overwritten (0x%08lx < 0x%08lx) - "
fb6624eb 587 "disabling it.\n",
bd673c7c
GU
588 page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)),
589 min_low_pfn);
1da177e4
LT
590 initrd_start = 0;
591 }
592#endif
94b6da5a 593 page_cgroup_init();
3ac7fe5a 594 debug_objects_mem_init();
9b090f2d 595 kmemleak_init();
e7c8d5c9 596 setup_per_cpu_pageset();
1da177e4
LT
597 numa_policy_init();
598 if (late_time_init)
599 late_time_init();
fa84e9ee 600 sched_clock_init();
1da177e4
LT
601 calibrate_delay();
602 pidmap_init();
1da177e4 603 anon_vma_init();
f026cfa8
PA
604#ifdef CONFIG_X86
605 if (efi_enabled)
606 efi_enter_virtual_mode();
607#endif
8c9843e5 608 thread_info_cache_init();
d84f4f99 609 cred_init();
4481374c 610 fork_init(totalram_pages);
1da177e4
LT
611 proc_caches_init();
612 buffer_init();
1da177e4
LT
613 key_init();
614 security_init();
0b4b3827 615 dbg_late_init();
4481374c 616 vfs_caches_init(totalram_pages);
1da177e4
LT
617 signals_init();
618 /* rootfs populating might need page-writeback */
619 page_writeback_init();
620#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
621 proc_root_init();
622#endif
ddbcc7e8 623 cgroup_init();
1da177e4 624 cpuset_init();
c757249a 625 taskstats_init_early();
ca74e92b 626 delayacct_init();
1da177e4
LT
627
628 check_bugs();
629
630 acpi_early_init(); /* before LAPIC and SMP init */
6ae6996a 631 sfi_init_late();
1da177e4 632
2223af38
JT
633 if (efi_enabled) {
634 efi_late_init();
78510792 635 efi_free_boot_services();
2223af38 636 }
78510792 637
68bf21aa
SR
638 ftrace_init();
639
1da177e4
LT
640 /* Do the rest non-__init'ed, we're now alive */
641 rest_init();
642}
643
b99b87f7
PO
644/* Call all constructor functions linked into the kernel. */
645static void __init do_ctors(void)
646{
647#ifdef CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS
196a15b4 648 ctor_fn_t *fn = (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_start;
b99b87f7 649
196a15b4
HS
650 for (; fn < (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_end; fn++)
651 (*fn)();
b99b87f7
PO
652#endif
653}
654
2329abfa 655bool initcall_debug;
d0ea3d7d 656core_param(initcall_debug, initcall_debug, bool, 0644);
1da177e4 657
4a683bf9 658static char msgbuf[64];
4a683bf9 659
e4461271 660static int __init_or_module do_one_initcall_debug(initcall_t fn)
1da177e4 661{
74239072 662 ktime_t calltime, delta, rettime;
30dbb20e
AW
663 unsigned long long duration;
664 int ret;
1da177e4 665
22c5c03b
KW
666 printk(KERN_DEBUG "calling %pF @ %i\n", fn, task_pid_nr(current));
667 calltime = ktime_get();
30dbb20e 668 ret = fn();
22c5c03b
KW
669 rettime = ktime_get();
670 delta = ktime_sub(rettime, calltime);
671 duration = (unsigned long long) ktime_to_ns(delta) >> 10;
672 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initcall %pF returned %d after %lld usecs\n", fn,
673 ret, duration);
1da177e4 674
22c5c03b
KW
675 return ret;
676}
677
e4461271 678int __init_or_module do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn)
22c5c03b
KW
679{
680 int count = preempt_count();
681 int ret;
682
683 if (initcall_debug)
684 ret = do_one_initcall_debug(fn);
685 else
686 ret = fn();
8f0c45cd 687
e0df154f 688 msgbuf[0] = 0;
e662e1cf 689
30dbb20e
AW
690 if (ret && ret != -ENODEV && initcall_debug)
691 sprintf(msgbuf, "error code %d ", ret);
e662e1cf 692
e0df154f 693 if (preempt_count() != count) {
a76bfd0d 694 strlcat(msgbuf, "preemption imbalance ", sizeof(msgbuf));
e0df154f 695 preempt_count() = count;
1da177e4 696 }
e0df154f 697 if (irqs_disabled()) {
a76bfd0d 698 strlcat(msgbuf, "disabled interrupts ", sizeof(msgbuf));
e0df154f
LT
699 local_irq_enable();
700 }
701 if (msgbuf[0]) {
96d746c6 702 printk("initcall %pF returned with %s\n", fn, msgbuf);
e0df154f 703 }
59f9415f 704
30dbb20e 705 return ret;
e0df154f
LT
706}
707
708
026cee00
PM
709extern initcall_t __initcall_start[];
710extern initcall_t __initcall0_start[];
711extern initcall_t __initcall1_start[];
712extern initcall_t __initcall2_start[];
713extern initcall_t __initcall3_start[];
714extern initcall_t __initcall4_start[];
715extern initcall_t __initcall5_start[];
716extern initcall_t __initcall6_start[];
717extern initcall_t __initcall7_start[];
718extern initcall_t __initcall_end[];
719
720static initcall_t *initcall_levels[] __initdata = {
721 __initcall0_start,
722 __initcall1_start,
723 __initcall2_start,
724 __initcall3_start,
725 __initcall4_start,
726 __initcall5_start,
727 __initcall6_start,
728 __initcall7_start,
729 __initcall_end,
730};
731
96263d28 732/* Keep these in sync with initcalls in include/linux/init.h */
026cee00 733static char *initcall_level_names[] __initdata = {
9fb48c74
JC
734 "early",
735 "core",
736 "postcore",
737 "arch",
738 "subsys",
739 "fs",
740 "device",
741 "late",
026cee00
PM
742};
743
026cee00 744static void __init do_initcall_level(int level)
e0df154f 745{
026cee00 746 extern const struct kernel_param __start___param[], __stop___param[];
196a15b4 747 initcall_t *fn;
e0df154f 748
026cee00
PM
749 strcpy(static_command_line, saved_command_line);
750 parse_args(initcall_level_names[level],
751 static_command_line, __start___param,
752 __stop___param - __start___param,
753 level, level,
eb157427 754 &repair_env_string);
026cee00
PM
755
756 for (fn = initcall_levels[level]; fn < initcall_levels[level+1]; fn++)
196a15b4 757 do_one_initcall(*fn);
1da177e4
LT
758}
759
026cee00
PM
760static void __init do_initcalls(void)
761{
762 int level;
763
19efb72f 764 for (level = 0; level < ARRAY_SIZE(initcall_levels) - 1; level++)
026cee00
PM
765 do_initcall_level(level);
766}
767
1da177e4
LT
768/*
769 * Ok, the machine is now initialized. None of the devices
770 * have been touched yet, but the CPU subsystem is up and
771 * running, and memory and process management works.
772 *
773 * Now we can finally start doing some real work..
774 */
775static void __init do_basic_setup(void)
776{
759ee091 777 cpuset_init_smp();
1da177e4 778 usermodehelper_init();
41ffe5d5 779 shmem_init();
1da177e4 780 driver_init();
b04c3afb 781 init_irq_proc();
b99b87f7 782 do_ctors();
d5767c53 783 usermodehelper_enable();
b0f84374 784 do_initcalls();
1da177e4
LT
785}
786
7babe8db 787static void __init do_pre_smp_initcalls(void)
c2147a50 788{
196a15b4 789 initcall_t *fn;
c2147a50 790
026cee00 791 for (fn = __initcall_start; fn < __initcall0_start; fn++)
196a15b4 792 do_one_initcall(*fn);
c2147a50
EGM
793}
794
a74fb73c 795static int run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
1da177e4
LT
796{
797 argv_init[0] = init_filename;
a74fb73c 798 return kernel_execve(init_filename, argv_init, envp_init);
1da177e4
LT
799}
800
d6b21238
AV
801static void __init kernel_init_freeable(void);
802
803static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused)
ee5bfa64 804{
d6b21238 805 kernel_init_freeable();
22a9d645
AV
806 /* need to finish all async __init code before freeing the memory */
807 async_synchronize_full();
ee5bfa64 808 free_initmem();
ee5bfa64
VG
809 mark_rodata_ro();
810 system_state = SYSTEM_RUNNING;
811 numa_default_policy();
812
fae5fa44 813 current->signal->flags |= SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE;
4a9d4b02 814 flush_delayed_fput();
fae5fa44 815
ee5bfa64 816 if (ramdisk_execute_command) {
a74fb73c
AV
817 if (!run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command))
818 return 0;
ee5bfa64
VG
819 printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to execute %s\n",
820 ramdisk_execute_command);
821 }
822
823 /*
824 * We try each of these until one succeeds.
825 *
826 * The Bourne shell can be used instead of init if we are
827 * trying to recover a really broken machine.
828 */
829 if (execute_command) {
a74fb73c
AV
830 if (!run_init_process(execute_command))
831 return 0;
ee5bfa64
VG
832 printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to execute %s. Attempting "
833 "defaults...\n", execute_command);
834 }
a74fb73c
AV
835 if (!run_init_process("/sbin/init") ||
836 !run_init_process("/etc/init") ||
837 !run_init_process("/bin/init") ||
838 !run_init_process("/bin/sh"))
839 return 0;
ee5bfa64 840
9a85b8d6
AM
841 panic("No init found. Try passing init= option to kernel. "
842 "See Linux Documentation/init.txt for guidance.");
ee5bfa64
VG
843}
844
d6b21238 845static void __init kernel_init_freeable(void)
1da177e4 846{
b433c3d4
PZ
847 /*
848 * Wait until kthreadd is all set-up.
849 */
850 wait_for_completion(&kthreadd_done);
31a67102
LT
851
852 /* Now the scheduler is fully set up and can do blocking allocations */
853 gfp_allowed_mask = __GFP_BITS_MASK;
854
58568d2a
MX
855 /*
856 * init can allocate pages on any node
857 */
5ab116c9 858 set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY]);
1da177e4
LT
859 /*
860 * init can run on any cpu.
861 */
1a2142af 862 set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpu_all_mask);
1da177e4 863
9ec52099
CLG
864 cad_pid = task_pid(current);
865
ca74a6f8 866 smp_prepare_cpus(setup_max_cpus);
1da177e4
LT
867
868 do_pre_smp_initcalls();
004417a6 869 lockup_detector_init();
1da177e4 870
1da177e4
LT
871 smp_init();
872 sched_init_smp();
873
1da177e4
LT
874 do_basic_setup();
875
2bd3a997
EB
876 /* Open the /dev/console on the rootfs, this should never fail */
877 if (sys_open((const char __user *) "/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0) < 0)
878 printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning: unable to open an initial console.\n");
879
880 (void) sys_dup(0);
881 (void) sys_dup(0);
1da177e4
LT
882 /*
883 * check if there is an early userspace init. If yes, let it do all
884 * the work
885 */
ffdfc409
OJ
886
887 if (!ramdisk_execute_command)
888 ramdisk_execute_command = "/init";
889
890 if (sys_access((const char __user *) ramdisk_execute_command, 0) != 0) {
891 ramdisk_execute_command = NULL;
1da177e4 892 prepare_namespace();
ffdfc409 893 }
1da177e4
LT
894
895 /*
896 * Ok, we have completed the initial bootup, and
897 * we're essentially up and running. Get rid of the
898 * initmem segments and start the user-mode stuff..
899 */
1da177e4 900}