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1da177e4
LT
1/*
2 * linux/init/main.c
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
5 *
6 * GK 2/5/95 - Changed to support mounting root fs via NFS
7 * Added initrd & change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
8 * Moan early if gcc is old, avoiding bogus kernels - Paul Gortmaker, May '96
9 * Simplified starting of init: Michael A. Griffith <grif@acm.org>
10 */
11
ea676e84
AM
12#define DEBUG /* Enable initcall_debug */
13
1da177e4
LT
14#include <linux/types.h>
15#include <linux/module.h>
16#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
1da177e4
LT
17#include <linux/kernel.h>
18#include <linux/syscalls.h>
9b5609fd 19#include <linux/stackprotector.h>
1da177e4
LT
20#include <linux/string.h>
21#include <linux/ctype.h>
22#include <linux/delay.h>
1da177e4
LT
23#include <linux/ioport.h>
24#include <linux/init.h>
1da177e4 25#include <linux/initrd.h>
1da177e4 26#include <linux/bootmem.h>
4a7a16dc 27#include <linux/acpi.h>
1da177e4 28#include <linux/tty.h>
1da177e4
LT
29#include <linux/percpu.h>
30#include <linux/kmod.h>
db64fe02 31#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
1da177e4 32#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
d7cd5611 33#include <linux/start_kernel.h>
1da177e4 34#include <linux/security.h>
3d442233 35#include <linux/smp.h>
1da177e4
LT
36#include <linux/profile.h>
37#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
38#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
39#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
40#include <linux/writeback.h>
41#include <linux/cpu.h>
42#include <linux/cpuset.h>
ddbcc7e8 43#include <linux/cgroup.h>
1da177e4 44#include <linux/efi.h>
906568c9 45#include <linux/tick.h>
6168a702 46#include <linux/interrupt.h>
c757249a 47#include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
ca74e92b 48#include <linux/delayacct.h>
1da177e4
LT
49#include <linux/unistd.h>
50#include <linux/rmap.h>
51#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
52#include <linux/key.h>
b6cd0b77 53#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
94b6da5a 54#include <linux/page_cgroup.h>
9a11b49a 55#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
3ac7fe5a 56#include <linux/debugobjects.h>
fbb9ce95 57#include <linux/lockdep.h>
3c7b4e6b 58#include <linux/kmemleak.h>
84d73786 59#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
1f21782e 60#include <linux/device.h>
73c27992 61#include <linux/kthread.h>
e6fe6649 62#include <linux/sched.h>
a1c9eea9 63#include <linux/signal.h>
199f0ca5 64#include <linux/idr.h>
0b4b3827 65#include <linux/kgdb.h>
68bf21aa 66#include <linux/ftrace.h>
22a9d645 67#include <linux/async.h>
dfec072e 68#include <linux/kmemcheck.h>
6ae6996a 69#include <linux/sfi.h>
2b2af54a 70#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
5a0e3ad6 71#include <linux/slab.h>
24a24bb6 72#include <linux/perf_event.h>
4a9d4b02 73#include <linux/file.h>
a74fb73c 74#include <linux/ptrace.h>
bb813f4c
TH
75#include <linux/blkdev.h>
76#include <linux/elevator.h>
1da177e4
LT
77
78#include <asm/io.h>
79#include <asm/bugs.h>
80#include <asm/setup.h>
a940199f 81#include <asm/sections.h>
37b73c82 82#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
1da177e4 83
1da177e4
LT
84#ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
85#include <asm/smp.h>
86#endif
87
aae5f662 88static int kernel_init(void *);
1da177e4
LT
89
90extern void init_IRQ(void);
1da177e4
LT
91extern void fork_init(unsigned long);
92extern void mca_init(void);
93extern void sbus_init(void);
1da177e4 94extern void radix_tree_init(void);
37b73c82
AV
95#ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
96static inline void mark_rodata_ro(void) { }
97#endif
1da177e4
LT
98
99#ifdef CONFIG_TC
100extern void tc_init(void);
101#endif
102
2ce802f6
TH
103/*
104 * Debug helper: via this flag we know that we are in 'early bootup code'
105 * where only the boot processor is running with IRQ disabled. This means
106 * two things - IRQ must not be enabled before the flag is cleared and some
107 * operations which are not allowed with IRQ disabled are allowed while the
108 * flag is set.
109 */
110bool early_boot_irqs_disabled __read_mostly;
111
a6826048 112enum system_states system_state __read_mostly;
1da177e4
LT
113EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_state);
114
115/*
116 * Boot command-line arguments
117 */
118#define MAX_INIT_ARGS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
119#define MAX_INIT_ENVS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
120
121extern void time_init(void);
122/* Default late time init is NULL. archs can override this later. */
d2e3192b 123void (*__initdata late_time_init)(void);
1da177e4
LT
124extern void softirq_init(void);
125
30d7e0d4
ABL
126/* Untouched command line saved by arch-specific code. */
127char __initdata boot_command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
128/* Untouched saved command line (eg. for /proc) */
129char *saved_command_line;
130/* Command line for parameter parsing */
131static char *static_command_line;
1da177e4
LT
132
133static char *execute_command;
ffdfc409 134static char *ramdisk_execute_command;
1da177e4 135
8b3b2955
JB
136/*
137 * If set, this is an indication to the drivers that reset the underlying
138 * device before going ahead with the initialization otherwise driver might
139 * rely on the BIOS and skip the reset operation.
140 *
141 * This is useful if kernel is booting in an unreliable environment.
142 * For ex. kdump situaiton where previous kernel has crashed, BIOS has been
143 * skipped and devices will be in unknown state.
144 */
145unsigned int reset_devices;
146EXPORT_SYMBOL(reset_devices);
1da177e4 147
7e96287d
VG
148static int __init set_reset_devices(char *str)
149{
150 reset_devices = 1;
151 return 1;
152}
153
154__setup("reset_devices", set_reset_devices);
155
d7627467
DH
156static const char * argv_init[MAX_INIT_ARGS+2] = { "init", NULL, };
157const char * envp_init[MAX_INIT_ENVS+2] = { "HOME=/", "TERM=linux", NULL, };
1da177e4
LT
158static const char *panic_later, *panic_param;
159
914dcaa8 160extern const struct obs_kernel_param __setup_start[], __setup_end[];
1da177e4
LT
161
162static int __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line)
163{
914dcaa8 164 const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
33df0d19 165 int had_early_param = 0;
1da177e4
LT
166
167 p = __setup_start;
168 do {
169 int n = strlen(p->str);
b1e4d20c 170 if (parameqn(line, p->str, n)) {
1da177e4 171 if (p->early) {
33df0d19
RR
172 /* Already done in parse_early_param?
173 * (Needs exact match on param part).
174 * Keep iterating, as we can have early
175 * params and __setups of same names 8( */
1da177e4 176 if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=')
33df0d19 177 had_early_param = 1;
1da177e4 178 } else if (!p->setup_func) {
ea676e84
AM
179 pr_warn("Parameter %s is obsolete, ignored\n",
180 p->str);
1da177e4
LT
181 return 1;
182 } else if (p->setup_func(line + n))
183 return 1;
184 }
185 p++;
186 } while (p < __setup_end);
33df0d19
RR
187
188 return had_early_param;
1da177e4
LT
189}
190
191/*
192 * This should be approx 2 Bo*oMips to start (note initial shift), and will
193 * still work even if initially too large, it will just take slightly longer
194 */
195unsigned long loops_per_jiffy = (1<<12);
196
197EXPORT_SYMBOL(loops_per_jiffy);
198
199static int __init debug_kernel(char *str)
200{
1da177e4 201 console_loglevel = 10;
f6f21c81 202 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
203}
204
205static int __init quiet_kernel(char *str)
206{
1da177e4 207 console_loglevel = 4;
f6f21c81 208 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
209}
210
f6f21c81
YL
211early_param("debug", debug_kernel);
212early_param("quiet", quiet_kernel);
1da177e4
LT
213
214static int __init loglevel(char *str)
215{
808bf29b
AS
216 int newlevel;
217
218 /*
219 * Only update loglevel value when a correct setting was passed,
220 * to prevent blind crashes (when loglevel being set to 0) that
221 * are quite hard to debug
222 */
223 if (get_option(&str, &newlevel)) {
224 console_loglevel = newlevel;
225 return 0;
226 }
227
228 return -EINVAL;
1da177e4
LT
229}
230
f6f21c81 231early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
1da177e4 232
a99cd112 233/* Change NUL term back to "=", to make "param" the whole string. */
eb157427 234static int __init repair_env_string(char *param, char *val, const char *unused)
1da177e4 235{
1da177e4
LT
236 if (val) {
237 /* param=val or param="val"? */
238 if (val == param+strlen(param)+1)
239 val[-1] = '=';
240 else if (val == param+strlen(param)+2) {
241 val[-2] = '=';
242 memmove(val-1, val, strlen(val)+1);
243 val--;
244 } else
245 BUG();
246 }
a99cd112
CM
247 return 0;
248}
249
250/*
251 * Unknown boot options get handed to init, unless they look like
252 * unused parameters (modprobe will find them in /proc/cmdline).
253 */
eb157427 254static int __init unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val, const char *unused)
a99cd112 255{
eb157427 256 repair_env_string(param, val, unused);
1da177e4
LT
257
258 /* Handle obsolete-style parameters */
259 if (obsolete_checksetup(param))
260 return 0;
261
f066a4f6
RR
262 /* Unused module parameter. */
263 if (strchr(param, '.') && (!val || strchr(param, '.') < val))
1da177e4 264 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
265
266 if (panic_later)
267 return 0;
268
269 if (val) {
270 /* Environment option */
271 unsigned int i;
272 for (i = 0; envp_init[i]; i++) {
273 if (i == MAX_INIT_ENVS) {
274 panic_later = "Too many boot env vars at `%s'";
275 panic_param = param;
276 }
277 if (!strncmp(param, envp_init[i], val - param))
278 break;
279 }
280 envp_init[i] = param;
281 } else {
282 /* Command line option */
283 unsigned int i;
284 for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
285 if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
286 panic_later = "Too many boot init vars at `%s'";
287 panic_param = param;
288 }
289 }
290 argv_init[i] = param;
291 }
292 return 0;
293}
294
295static int __init init_setup(char *str)
296{
297 unsigned int i;
298
299 execute_command = str;
300 /*
301 * In case LILO is going to boot us with default command line,
302 * it prepends "auto" before the whole cmdline which makes
303 * the shell think it should execute a script with such name.
304 * So we ignore all arguments entered _before_ init=... [MJ]
305 */
306 for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
307 argv_init[i] = NULL;
308 return 1;
309}
310__setup("init=", init_setup);
311
ffdfc409
OJ
312static int __init rdinit_setup(char *str)
313{
314 unsigned int i;
315
316 ramdisk_execute_command = str;
317 /* See "auto" comment in init_setup */
318 for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
319 argv_init[i] = NULL;
320 return 1;
321}
322__setup("rdinit=", rdinit_setup);
323
1da177e4 324#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
34db18a0 325static const unsigned int setup_max_cpus = NR_CPUS;
1da177e4
LT
326#ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
327static void __init smp_init(void)
328{
329 APIC_init_uniprocessor();
330}
331#else
332#define smp_init() do { } while (0)
333#endif
334
e0982e90 335static inline void setup_nr_cpu_ids(void) { }
1da177e4 336static inline void smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus) { }
1da177e4
LT
337#endif
338
30d7e0d4
ABL
339/*
340 * We need to store the untouched command line for future reference.
341 * We also need to store the touched command line since the parameter
342 * parsing is performed in place, and we should allow a component to
343 * store reference of name/value for future reference.
344 */
345static void __init setup_command_line(char *command_line)
346{
347 saved_command_line = alloc_bootmem(strlen (boot_command_line)+1);
348 static_command_line = alloc_bootmem(strlen (command_line)+1);
349 strcpy (saved_command_line, boot_command_line);
350 strcpy (static_command_line, command_line);
351}
352
1da177e4
LT
353/*
354 * We need to finalize in a non-__init function or else race conditions
355 * between the root thread and the init thread may cause start_kernel to
356 * be reaped by free_initmem before the root thread has proceeded to
357 * cpu_idle.
358 *
359 * gcc-3.4 accidentally inlines this function, so use noinline.
360 */
361
b433c3d4
PZ
362static __initdata DECLARE_COMPLETION(kthreadd_done);
363
f99ebf0a 364static noinline void __init_refok rest_init(void)
1da177e4 365{
73c27992
EB
366 int pid;
367
7db905e6 368 rcu_scheduler_starting();
b433c3d4 369 /*
97158569 370 * We need to spawn init first so that it obtains pid 1, however
b433c3d4
PZ
371 * the init task will end up wanting to create kthreads, which, if
372 * we schedule it before we create kthreadd, will OOPS.
373 */
aae5f662 374 kernel_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_SIGHAND);
1da177e4 375 numa_default_policy();
73c27992 376 pid = kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES);
d11c563d 377 rcu_read_lock();
5cd20455 378 kthreadd_task = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
d11c563d 379 rcu_read_unlock();
b433c3d4 380 complete(&kthreadd_done);
f340c0d1
IM
381
382 /*
383 * The boot idle thread must execute schedule()
1df21055 384 * at least once to get things moving:
f340c0d1 385 */
1df21055 386 init_idle_bootup_task(current);
bd2f5536 387 schedule_preempt_disabled();
5bfb5d69 388 /* Call into cpu_idle with preempt disabled */
a1a04ec3 389 cpu_startup_entry(CPUHP_ONLINE);
1df21055 390}
1da177e4
LT
391
392/* Check for early params. */
9fb48c74 393static int __init do_early_param(char *param, char *val, const char *unused)
1da177e4 394{
914dcaa8 395 const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
1da177e4
LT
396
397 for (p = __setup_start; p < __setup_end; p++) {
b1e4d20c 398 if ((p->early && parameq(param, p->str)) ||
18a8bd94
YL
399 (strcmp(param, "console") == 0 &&
400 strcmp(p->str, "earlycon") == 0)
401 ) {
1da177e4 402 if (p->setup_func(val) != 0)
ea676e84 403 pr_warn("Malformed early option '%s'\n", param);
1da177e4
LT
404 }
405 }
406 /* We accept everything at this stage. */
407 return 0;
408}
409
13977091
MD
410void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline)
411{
026cee00 412 parse_args("early options", cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, do_early_param);
13977091
MD
413}
414
1da177e4
LT
415/* Arch code calls this early on, or if not, just before other parsing. */
416void __init parse_early_param(void)
417{
418 static __initdata int done = 0;
419 static __initdata char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
420
421 if (done)
422 return;
423
424 /* All fall through to do_early_param. */
30d7e0d4 425 strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
13977091 426 parse_early_options(tmp_cmdline);
1da177e4
LT
427 done = 1;
428}
429
430/*
431 * Activate the first processor.
432 */
433
44fd2299
SS
434static void __init boot_cpu_init(void)
435{
436 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
437 /* Mark the boot cpu "present", "online" etc for SMP and UP case */
915441b6 438 set_cpu_online(cpu, true);
933b0618 439 set_cpu_active(cpu, true);
915441b6
RR
440 set_cpu_present(cpu, true);
441 set_cpu_possible(cpu, true);
44fd2299
SS
442}
443
839ad62e 444void __init __weak smp_setup_processor_id(void)
033ab7f8
AM
445{
446}
447
eded09cc 448# if THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE
8c9843e5
BH
449void __init __weak thread_info_cache_init(void)
450{
451}
eded09cc 452#endif
8c9843e5 453
444f478f
PE
454/*
455 * Set up kernel memory allocators
456 */
457static void __init mm_init(void)
458{
ca371c0d 459 /*
7fa87ce7
JC
460 * page_cgroup requires contiguous pages,
461 * bigger than MAX_ORDER unless SPARSEMEM.
ca371c0d
KH
462 */
463 page_cgroup_init_flatmem();
444f478f
PE
464 mem_init();
465 kmem_cache_init();
099a19d9 466 percpu_init_late();
c868d550 467 pgtable_cache_init();
444f478f
PE
468 vmalloc_init();
469}
470
1da177e4
LT
471asmlinkage void __init start_kernel(void)
472{
473 char * command_line;
914dcaa8 474 extern const struct kernel_param __start___param[], __stop___param[];
033ab7f8 475
fbb9ce95
IM
476 /*
477 * Need to run as early as possible, to initialize the
478 * lockdep hash:
479 */
480 lockdep_init();
73839c5b 481 smp_setup_processor_id();
3ac7fe5a 482 debug_objects_early_init();
42059429
IM
483
484 /*
485 * Set up the the initial canary ASAP:
486 */
487 boot_init_stack_canary();
488
ddbcc7e8 489 cgroup_init_early();
fbb9ce95
IM
490
491 local_irq_disable();
2ce802f6 492 early_boot_irqs_disabled = true;
fbb9ce95 493
1da177e4
LT
494/*
495 * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then
496 * enable them
497 */
44fd2299 498 boot_cpu_init();
1da177e4 499 page_address_init();
ea676e84 500 pr_notice("%s", linux_banner);
1da177e4 501 setup_arch(&command_line);
cf475ad2 502 mm_init_owner(&init_mm, &init_task);
6345d24d 503 mm_init_cpumask(&init_mm);
30d7e0d4 504 setup_command_line(command_line);
e0982e90 505 setup_nr_cpu_ids();
d6647bdf 506 setup_per_cpu_areas();
44fd2299 507 smp_prepare_boot_cpu(); /* arch-specific boot-cpu hooks */
1da177e4 508
9adb62a5 509 build_all_zonelists(NULL, NULL);
83b519e8
PE
510 page_alloc_init();
511
ea676e84 512 pr_notice("Kernel command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
83b519e8
PE
513 parse_early_param();
514 parse_args("Booting kernel", static_command_line, __start___param,
515 __stop___param - __start___param,
ae82fdb1 516 -1, -1, &unknown_bootoption);
97ce2c88
JF
517
518 jump_label_init();
519
83b519e8
PE
520 /*
521 * These use large bootmem allocations and must precede
522 * kmem_cache_init()
523 */
162a7e75 524 setup_log_buf(0);
83b519e8 525 pidhash_init();
83b519e8
PE
526 vfs_caches_init_early();
527 sort_main_extable();
528 trap_init();
444f478f 529 mm_init();
de03c72c 530
1da177e4
LT
531 /*
532 * Set up the scheduler prior starting any interrupts (such as the
533 * timer interrupt). Full topology setup happens at smp_init()
534 * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler.
535 */
536 sched_init();
537 /*
538 * Disable preemption - early bootup scheduling is extremely
539 * fragile until we cpu_idle() for the first time.
540 */
541 preempt_disable();
f91eb62f 542 if (WARN(!irqs_disabled(), "Interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it\n"))
c4a68306 543 local_irq_disable();
9f58a205 544 idr_init_cache();
24a24bb6 545 perf_event_init();
1da177e4 546 rcu_init();
d1e43fa5 547 tick_nohz_init();
773e3eb7 548 radix_tree_init();
0b8f1efa
YL
549 /* init some links before init_ISA_irqs() */
550 early_irq_init();
1da177e4 551 init_IRQ();
ad2b1353 552 tick_init();
1da177e4 553 init_timers();
c0a31329 554 hrtimers_init();
1da177e4 555 softirq_init();
ad596171 556 timekeeping_init();
88fecaa2 557 time_init();
93e02814 558 profile_init();
d8ad7d11 559 call_function_init();
f91eb62f 560 WARN(!irqs_disabled(), "Interrupts were enabled early\n");
2ce802f6 561 early_boot_irqs_disabled = false;
93e02814 562 local_irq_enable();
dcce284a 563
7e85ee0c 564 kmem_cache_init_late();
1da177e4
LT
565
566 /*
567 * HACK ALERT! This is early. We're enabling the console before
568 * we've done PCI setups etc, and console_init() must be aware of
569 * this. But we do want output early, in case something goes wrong.
570 */
571 console_init();
572 if (panic_later)
573 panic(panic_later, panic_param);
fbb9ce95
IM
574
575 lockdep_info();
576
9a11b49a
IM
577 /*
578 * Need to run this when irqs are enabled, because it wants
579 * to self-test [hard/soft]-irqs on/off lock inversion bugs
580 * too:
581 */
582 locking_selftest();
583
1da177e4
LT
584#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
585 if (initrd_start && !initrd_below_start_ok &&
bd673c7c 586 page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)) < min_low_pfn) {
ea676e84 587 pr_crit("initrd overwritten (0x%08lx < 0x%08lx) - disabling it.\n",
bd673c7c
GU
588 page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)),
589 min_low_pfn);
1da177e4
LT
590 initrd_start = 0;
591 }
592#endif
94b6da5a 593 page_cgroup_init();
3ac7fe5a 594 debug_objects_mem_init();
9b090f2d 595 kmemleak_init();
e7c8d5c9 596 setup_per_cpu_pageset();
1da177e4
LT
597 numa_policy_init();
598 if (late_time_init)
599 late_time_init();
fa84e9ee 600 sched_clock_init();
1da177e4
LT
601 calibrate_delay();
602 pidmap_init();
1da177e4 603 anon_vma_init();
11520e5e 604#ifdef CONFIG_X86
83e68189 605 if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES))
11520e5e
LT
606 efi_enter_virtual_mode();
607#endif
8c9843e5 608 thread_info_cache_init();
d84f4f99 609 cred_init();
4481374c 610 fork_init(totalram_pages);
1da177e4
LT
611 proc_caches_init();
612 buffer_init();
1da177e4
LT
613 key_init();
614 security_init();
0b4b3827 615 dbg_late_init();
4481374c 616 vfs_caches_init(totalram_pages);
1da177e4
LT
617 signals_init();
618 /* rootfs populating might need page-writeback */
619 page_writeback_init();
620#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
621 proc_root_init();
622#endif
ddbcc7e8 623 cgroup_init();
1da177e4 624 cpuset_init();
c757249a 625 taskstats_init_early();
ca74e92b 626 delayacct_init();
1da177e4
LT
627
628 check_bugs();
629
630 acpi_early_init(); /* before LAPIC and SMP init */
6ae6996a 631 sfi_init_late();
1da177e4 632
83e68189 633 if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES)) {
2223af38 634 efi_late_init();
78510792 635 efi_free_boot_services();
2223af38 636 }
78510792 637
68bf21aa
SR
638 ftrace_init();
639
1da177e4
LT
640 /* Do the rest non-__init'ed, we're now alive */
641 rest_init();
642}
643
b99b87f7
PO
644/* Call all constructor functions linked into the kernel. */
645static void __init do_ctors(void)
646{
647#ifdef CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS
196a15b4 648 ctor_fn_t *fn = (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_start;
b99b87f7 649
196a15b4
HS
650 for (; fn < (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_end; fn++)
651 (*fn)();
b99b87f7
PO
652#endif
653}
654
2329abfa 655bool initcall_debug;
d0ea3d7d 656core_param(initcall_debug, initcall_debug, bool, 0644);
1da177e4 657
4a683bf9 658static char msgbuf[64];
4a683bf9 659
e4461271 660static int __init_or_module do_one_initcall_debug(initcall_t fn)
1da177e4 661{
74239072 662 ktime_t calltime, delta, rettime;
30dbb20e
AW
663 unsigned long long duration;
664 int ret;
1da177e4 665
ea676e84 666 pr_debug("calling %pF @ %i\n", fn, task_pid_nr(current));
22c5c03b 667 calltime = ktime_get();
30dbb20e 668 ret = fn();
22c5c03b
KW
669 rettime = ktime_get();
670 delta = ktime_sub(rettime, calltime);
671 duration = (unsigned long long) ktime_to_ns(delta) >> 10;
ea676e84
AM
672 pr_debug("initcall %pF returned %d after %lld usecs\n",
673 fn, ret, duration);
1da177e4 674
22c5c03b
KW
675 return ret;
676}
677
e4461271 678int __init_or_module do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn)
22c5c03b
KW
679{
680 int count = preempt_count();
681 int ret;
682
683 if (initcall_debug)
684 ret = do_one_initcall_debug(fn);
685 else
686 ret = fn();
8f0c45cd 687
e0df154f 688 msgbuf[0] = 0;
e662e1cf 689
e0df154f 690 if (preempt_count() != count) {
bf5d770b 691 sprintf(msgbuf, "preemption imbalance ");
e0df154f 692 preempt_count() = count;
1da177e4 693 }
e0df154f 694 if (irqs_disabled()) {
a76bfd0d 695 strlcat(msgbuf, "disabled interrupts ", sizeof(msgbuf));
e0df154f
LT
696 local_irq_enable();
697 }
f91eb62f 698 WARN(msgbuf[0], "initcall %pF returned with %s\n", fn, msgbuf);
59f9415f 699
30dbb20e 700 return ret;
e0df154f
LT
701}
702
703
026cee00
PM
704extern initcall_t __initcall_start[];
705extern initcall_t __initcall0_start[];
706extern initcall_t __initcall1_start[];
707extern initcall_t __initcall2_start[];
708extern initcall_t __initcall3_start[];
709extern initcall_t __initcall4_start[];
710extern initcall_t __initcall5_start[];
711extern initcall_t __initcall6_start[];
712extern initcall_t __initcall7_start[];
713extern initcall_t __initcall_end[];
714
715static initcall_t *initcall_levels[] __initdata = {
716 __initcall0_start,
717 __initcall1_start,
718 __initcall2_start,
719 __initcall3_start,
720 __initcall4_start,
721 __initcall5_start,
722 __initcall6_start,
723 __initcall7_start,
724 __initcall_end,
725};
726
96263d28 727/* Keep these in sync with initcalls in include/linux/init.h */
026cee00 728static char *initcall_level_names[] __initdata = {
9fb48c74
JC
729 "early",
730 "core",
731 "postcore",
732 "arch",
733 "subsys",
734 "fs",
735 "device",
736 "late",
026cee00
PM
737};
738
026cee00 739static void __init do_initcall_level(int level)
e0df154f 740{
026cee00 741 extern const struct kernel_param __start___param[], __stop___param[];
196a15b4 742 initcall_t *fn;
e0df154f 743
026cee00
PM
744 strcpy(static_command_line, saved_command_line);
745 parse_args(initcall_level_names[level],
746 static_command_line, __start___param,
747 __stop___param - __start___param,
748 level, level,
eb157427 749 &repair_env_string);
026cee00
PM
750
751 for (fn = initcall_levels[level]; fn < initcall_levels[level+1]; fn++)
196a15b4 752 do_one_initcall(*fn);
1da177e4
LT
753}
754
026cee00
PM
755static void __init do_initcalls(void)
756{
757 int level;
758
19efb72f 759 for (level = 0; level < ARRAY_SIZE(initcall_levels) - 1; level++)
026cee00
PM
760 do_initcall_level(level);
761}
762
1da177e4
LT
763/*
764 * Ok, the machine is now initialized. None of the devices
765 * have been touched yet, but the CPU subsystem is up and
766 * running, and memory and process management works.
767 *
768 * Now we can finally start doing some real work..
769 */
770static void __init do_basic_setup(void)
771{
759ee091 772 cpuset_init_smp();
1da177e4 773 usermodehelper_init();
41ffe5d5 774 shmem_init();
1da177e4 775 driver_init();
b04c3afb 776 init_irq_proc();
b99b87f7 777 do_ctors();
d5767c53 778 usermodehelper_enable();
b0f84374 779 do_initcalls();
1da177e4
LT
780}
781
7babe8db 782static void __init do_pre_smp_initcalls(void)
c2147a50 783{
196a15b4 784 initcall_t *fn;
c2147a50 785
026cee00 786 for (fn = __initcall_start; fn < __initcall0_start; fn++)
196a15b4 787 do_one_initcall(*fn);
c2147a50
EGM
788}
789
bb813f4c
TH
790/*
791 * This function requests modules which should be loaded by default and is
792 * called twice right after initrd is mounted and right before init is
793 * exec'd. If such modules are on either initrd or rootfs, they will be
794 * loaded before control is passed to userland.
795 */
796void __init load_default_modules(void)
797{
798 load_default_elevator_module();
799}
800
a74fb73c 801static int run_init_process(const char *init_filename)
1da177e4
LT
802{
803 argv_init[0] = init_filename;
ae903caa
AV
804 return do_execve(init_filename,
805 (const char __user *const __user *)argv_init,
806 (const char __user *const __user *)envp_init);
1da177e4
LT
807}
808
f80b0c90 809static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void);
d6b21238
AV
810
811static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused)
ee5bfa64 812{
d6b21238 813 kernel_init_freeable();
22a9d645
AV
814 /* need to finish all async __init code before freeing the memory */
815 async_synchronize_full();
ee5bfa64 816 free_initmem();
ee5bfa64
VG
817 mark_rodata_ro();
818 system_state = SYSTEM_RUNNING;
819 numa_default_policy();
820
4a9d4b02 821 flush_delayed_fput();
fae5fa44 822
ee5bfa64 823 if (ramdisk_execute_command) {
a74fb73c
AV
824 if (!run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command))
825 return 0;
ea676e84 826 pr_err("Failed to execute %s\n", ramdisk_execute_command);
ee5bfa64
VG
827 }
828
829 /*
830 * We try each of these until one succeeds.
831 *
832 * The Bourne shell can be used instead of init if we are
833 * trying to recover a really broken machine.
834 */
835 if (execute_command) {
a74fb73c
AV
836 if (!run_init_process(execute_command))
837 return 0;
ea676e84
AM
838 pr_err("Failed to execute %s. Attempting defaults...\n",
839 execute_command);
ee5bfa64 840 }
a74fb73c
AV
841 if (!run_init_process("/sbin/init") ||
842 !run_init_process("/etc/init") ||
843 !run_init_process("/bin/init") ||
844 !run_init_process("/bin/sh"))
845 return 0;
ee5bfa64 846
9a85b8d6
AM
847 panic("No init found. Try passing init= option to kernel. "
848 "See Linux Documentation/init.txt for guidance.");
ee5bfa64
VG
849}
850
f80b0c90 851static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void)
1da177e4 852{
b433c3d4
PZ
853 /*
854 * Wait until kthreadd is all set-up.
855 */
856 wait_for_completion(&kthreadd_done);
31a67102
LT
857
858 /* Now the scheduler is fully set up and can do blocking allocations */
859 gfp_allowed_mask = __GFP_BITS_MASK;
860
58568d2a
MX
861 /*
862 * init can allocate pages on any node
863 */
3c466d46 864 set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_MEMORY]);
1da177e4
LT
865 /*
866 * init can run on any cpu.
867 */
1a2142af 868 set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpu_all_mask);
1da177e4 869
9ec52099
CLG
870 cad_pid = task_pid(current);
871
ca74a6f8 872 smp_prepare_cpus(setup_max_cpus);
1da177e4
LT
873
874 do_pre_smp_initcalls();
004417a6 875 lockup_detector_init();
1da177e4 876
1da177e4
LT
877 smp_init();
878 sched_init_smp();
879
1da177e4
LT
880 do_basic_setup();
881
2bd3a997
EB
882 /* Open the /dev/console on the rootfs, this should never fail */
883 if (sys_open((const char __user *) "/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0) < 0)
ea676e84 884 pr_err("Warning: unable to open an initial console.\n");
2bd3a997
EB
885
886 (void) sys_dup(0);
887 (void) sys_dup(0);
1da177e4
LT
888 /*
889 * check if there is an early userspace init. If yes, let it do all
890 * the work
891 */
ffdfc409
OJ
892
893 if (!ramdisk_execute_command)
894 ramdisk_execute_command = "/init";
895
896 if (sys_access((const char __user *) ramdisk_execute_command, 0) != 0) {
897 ramdisk_execute_command = NULL;
1da177e4 898 prepare_namespace();
ffdfc409 899 }
1da177e4
LT
900
901 /*
902 * Ok, we have completed the initial bootup, and
903 * we're essentially up and running. Get rid of the
904 * initmem segments and start the user-mode stuff..
905 */
bb813f4c
TH
906
907 /* rootfs is available now, try loading default modules */
908 load_default_modules();
1da177e4 909}