bfd: Support overlay BFD

[mirror_ovs.git] / lib / packets.h

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Nicira, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#ifndef PACKETS_H
#define PACKETS_H 1

#include <inttypes.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "compiler.h"
#include "openvswitch/geneve.h"
#include "openvswitch/packets.h"
#include "openvswitch/types.h"
#include "openvswitch/nsh.h"
#include "odp-netlink.h"
#include "random.h"
#include "hash.h"
#include "tun-metadata.h"
#include "unaligned.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "timeval.h"

struct dp_packet;
struct conn;
struct ds;

/* Purely internal to OVS userspace. These flags should never be exposed to
 * the outside world and so aren't included in the flags mask. */

/* Tunnel information is in userspace datapath format. */
#define FLOW_TNL_F_UDPIF (1 << 4)

static inline bool ipv6_addr_is_set(const struct in6_addr *addr);

static inline bool
flow_tnl_dst_is_set(const struct flow_tnl *tnl)
{
    return tnl->ip_dst || ipv6_addr_is_set(&tnl->ipv6_dst);
}

static inline bool
flow_tnl_src_is_set(const struct flow_tnl *tnl)
{
    return tnl->ip_src || ipv6_addr_is_set(&tnl->ipv6_src);
}

struct in6_addr flow_tnl_dst(const struct flow_tnl *tnl);
struct in6_addr flow_tnl_src(const struct flow_tnl *tnl);

/* Returns an offset to 'src' covering all the meaningful fields in 'src'. */
static inline size_t
flow_tnl_size(const struct flow_tnl *src)
{
    if (!flow_tnl_dst_is_set(src)) {
        /* Covers ip_dst and ipv6_dst only. */
        return offsetof(struct flow_tnl, ip_src);
    }
    if (src->flags & FLOW_TNL_F_UDPIF) {
        /* Datapath format, cover all options we have. */
        return offsetof(struct flow_tnl, metadata.opts)
            + src->metadata.present.len;
    }
    if (!src->metadata.present.map) {
        /* No TLVs, opts is irrelevant. */
        return offsetof(struct flow_tnl, metadata.opts);
    }
    /* Have decoded TLVs, opts is relevant. */
    return sizeof *src;
}

/* Copy flow_tnl, but avoid copying unused portions of tun_metadata.  Unused
 * data in 'dst' is NOT cleared, so this must not be used in cases where the
 * uninitialized portion may be hashed over. */
static inline void
flow_tnl_copy__(struct flow_tnl *dst, const struct flow_tnl *src)
{
    memcpy(dst, src, flow_tnl_size(src));
}

static inline bool
flow_tnl_equal(const struct flow_tnl *a, const struct flow_tnl *b)
{
    size_t a_size = flow_tnl_size(a);

    return a_size == flow_tnl_size(b) && !memcmp(a, b, a_size);
}

/* Datapath packet metadata */
struct pkt_metadata {
PADDED_MEMBERS_CACHELINE_MARKER(CACHE_LINE_SIZE, cacheline0,
    uint32_t recirc_id;         /* Recirculation id carried with the
                                   recirculating packets. 0 for packets
                                   received from the wire. */
    uint32_t dp_hash;           /* hash value computed by the recirculation
                                   action. */
    uint32_t skb_priority;      /* Packet priority for QoS. */
    uint32_t pkt_mark;          /* Packet mark. */
    uint8_t  ct_state;          /* Connection state. */
    bool ct_orig_tuple_ipv6;
    uint16_t ct_zone;           /* Connection zone. */
    uint32_t ct_mark;           /* Connection mark. */
    ovs_u128 ct_label;          /* Connection label. */
    union flow_in_port in_port; /* Input port. */
    struct conn *conn;          /* Cached conntrack connection. */
    bool reply;                 /* True if reply direction. */
    bool icmp_related;          /* True if ICMP related. */
);

PADDED_MEMBERS_CACHELINE_MARKER(CACHE_LINE_SIZE, cacheline1,
    union {                     /* Populated only for non-zero 'ct_state'. */
        struct ovs_key_ct_tuple_ipv4 ipv4;
        struct ovs_key_ct_tuple_ipv6 ipv6;   /* Used only if                */
    } ct_orig_tuple;                         /* 'ct_orig_tuple_ipv6' is set */
);

PADDED_MEMBERS_CACHELINE_MARKER(CACHE_LINE_SIZE, cacheline2,
    struct flow_tnl tunnel;     /* Encapsulating tunnel parameters. Note that
                                 * if 'ip_dst' == 0, the rest of the fields may
                                 * be uninitialized. */
);
};

BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(offsetof(struct pkt_metadata, cacheline0) == 0);
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(offsetof(struct pkt_metadata, cacheline1) ==
                  CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(offsetof(struct pkt_metadata, cacheline2) ==
                  2 * CACHE_LINE_SIZE);

static inline void
pkt_metadata_init_tnl(struct pkt_metadata *md)
{
    /* Zero up through the tunnel metadata options. The length and table
     * are before this and as long as they are empty, the options won't
     * be looked at. */
    memset(md, 0, offsetof(struct pkt_metadata, tunnel.metadata.opts));
}

static inline void
pkt_metadata_init_conn(struct pkt_metadata *md)
{
    md->conn = NULL;
}

static inline void
pkt_metadata_init(struct pkt_metadata *md, odp_port_t port)
{
    /* This is called for every packet in userspace datapath and affects
     * performance if all the metadata is initialized. Hence, fields should
     * only be zeroed out when necessary.
     *
     * Initialize only till ct_state. Once the ct_state is zeroed out rest
     * of ct fields will not be looked at unless ct_state != 0.
     */
    memset(md, 0, offsetof(struct pkt_metadata, ct_orig_tuple_ipv6));

    /* It can be expensive to zero out all of the tunnel metadata. However,
     * we can just zero out ip_dst and the rest of the data will never be
     * looked at. */
    md->tunnel.ip_dst = 0;
    md->tunnel.ipv6_dst = in6addr_any;
    md->in_port.odp_port = port;
    md->conn = NULL;
}

/* This function prefetches the cachelines touched by pkt_metadata_init()
 * and pkt_metadata_init_tnl().  For performance reasons the two functions
 * should be kept in sync. */
static inline void
pkt_metadata_prefetch_init(struct pkt_metadata *md)
{
    /* Prefetch cacheline0 as members till ct_state and odp_port will
     * be initialized later in pkt_metadata_init(). */
    OVS_PREFETCH(md->cacheline0);

    /* Prefetch cacheline1 as members of this cacheline will be zeroed out
     * in pkt_metadata_init_tnl(). */
    OVS_PREFETCH(md->cacheline1);

    /* Prefetch cachline2 as ip_dst & ipv6_dst fields will be initialized. */
    OVS_PREFETCH(md->cacheline2);
}

bool dpid_from_string(const char *s, uint64_t *dpidp);

#define ETH_ADDR_LEN           6

static const struct eth_addr eth_addr_broadcast OVS_UNUSED
    = ETH_ADDR_C(ff,ff,ff,ff,ff,ff);

static const struct eth_addr eth_addr_exact OVS_UNUSED
    = ETH_ADDR_C(ff,ff,ff,ff,ff,ff);

static const struct eth_addr eth_addr_zero OVS_UNUSED
    = ETH_ADDR_C(00,00,00,00,00,00);
static const struct eth_addr64 eth_addr64_zero OVS_UNUSED
    = ETH_ADDR64_C(00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00);

static const struct eth_addr eth_addr_stp OVS_UNUSED
    = ETH_ADDR_C(01,80,c2,00,00,00);

static const struct eth_addr eth_addr_lacp OVS_UNUSED
    = ETH_ADDR_C(01,80,c2,00,00,02);

static const struct eth_addr eth_addr_bfd OVS_UNUSED
    = ETH_ADDR_C(00,23,20,00,00,01);

static inline bool eth_addr_is_broadcast(const struct eth_addr a)
{
    return (a.be16[0] & a.be16[1] & a.be16[2]) == htons(0xffff);
}

static inline bool eth_addr_is_multicast(const struct eth_addr a)
{
    return a.ea[0] & 1;
}

static inline bool eth_addr_is_local(const struct eth_addr a)
{
    /* Local if it is either a locally administered address or a Nicira random
     * address. */
    return a.ea[0] & 2
        || (a.be16[0] == htons(0x0023)
            && (a.be16[1] & htons(0xff80)) == htons(0x2080));
}
static inline bool eth_addr_is_zero(const struct eth_addr a)
{
    return !(a.be16[0] | a.be16[1] | a.be16[2]);
}
static inline bool eth_addr64_is_zero(const struct eth_addr64 a)
{
    return !(a.be16[0] | a.be16[1] | a.be16[2] | a.be16[3]);
}

static inline int eth_mask_is_exact(const struct eth_addr a)
{
    return (a.be16[0] & a.be16[1] & a.be16[2]) == htons(0xffff);
}

static inline int eth_addr_compare_3way(const struct eth_addr a,
                                        const struct eth_addr b)
{
    return memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof a);
}
static inline int eth_addr64_compare_3way(const struct eth_addr64 a,
                                          const struct eth_addr64 b)
{
    return memcmp(&a, &b, sizeof a);
}

static inline bool eth_addr_equals(const struct eth_addr a,
                                   const struct eth_addr b)
{
    return !eth_addr_compare_3way(a, b);
}
static inline bool eth_addr64_equals(const struct eth_addr64 a,
                                     const struct eth_addr64 b)
{
    return !eth_addr64_compare_3way(a, b);
}

static inline bool eth_addr_equal_except(const struct eth_addr a,
                                         const struct eth_addr b,
                                         const struct eth_addr mask)
{
    return !(((a.be16[0] ^ b.be16[0]) & mask.be16[0])
             || ((a.be16[1] ^ b.be16[1]) & mask.be16[1])
             || ((a.be16[2] ^ b.be16[2]) & mask.be16[2]));
}

static inline uint64_t eth_addr_to_uint64(const struct eth_addr ea)
{
    return (((uint64_t) ntohs(ea.be16[0]) << 32)
            | ((uint64_t) ntohs(ea.be16[1]) << 16)
            | ntohs(ea.be16[2]));
}

static inline uint64_t eth_addr_vlan_to_uint64(const struct eth_addr ea,
                                               uint16_t vlan)
{
    return (((uint64_t)vlan << 48) | eth_addr_to_uint64(ea));
}

static inline void eth_addr_from_uint64(uint64_t x, struct eth_addr *ea)
{
    ea->be16[0] = htons(x >> 32);
    ea->be16[1] = htons((x & 0xFFFF0000) >> 16);
    ea->be16[2] = htons(x & 0xFFFF);
}

static inline struct eth_addr eth_addr_invert(const struct eth_addr src)
{
    struct eth_addr dst;

    for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(src.be16); i++) {
        dst.be16[i] = ~src.be16[i];
    }

    return dst;
}

static inline void eth_addr_mark_random(struct eth_addr *ea)
{
    ea->ea[0] &= ~1;                /* Unicast. */
    ea->ea[0] |= 2;                 /* Private. */
}

static inline void eth_addr_random(struct eth_addr *ea)
{
    random_bytes((uint8_t *)ea, sizeof *ea);
    eth_addr_mark_random(ea);
}

static inline void eth_addr_nicira_random(struct eth_addr *ea)
{
    eth_addr_random(ea);

    /* Set the OUI to the Nicira one. */
    ea->ea[0] = 0x00;
    ea->ea[1] = 0x23;
    ea->ea[2] = 0x20;

    /* Set the top bit to indicate random Nicira address. */
    ea->ea[3] |= 0x80;
}
static inline uint32_t hash_mac(const struct eth_addr ea,
                                const uint16_t vlan, const uint32_t basis)
{
    return hash_uint64_basis(eth_addr_vlan_to_uint64(ea, vlan), basis);
}

bool eth_addr_is_reserved(const struct eth_addr);
bool eth_addr_from_string(const char *, struct eth_addr *);

void compose_rarp(struct dp_packet *, const struct eth_addr);

void eth_push_vlan(struct dp_packet *, ovs_be16 tpid, ovs_be16 tci);
void eth_pop_vlan(struct dp_packet *);

const char *eth_from_hex(const char *hex, struct dp_packet **packetp);
void eth_format_masked(const struct eth_addr ea,
                       const struct eth_addr *mask, struct ds *s);

void set_mpls_lse(struct dp_packet *, ovs_be32 label);
void push_mpls(struct dp_packet *packet, ovs_be16 ethtype, ovs_be32 lse);
void pop_mpls(struct dp_packet *, ovs_be16 ethtype);

void set_mpls_lse_ttl(ovs_be32 *lse, uint8_t ttl);
void set_mpls_lse_tc(ovs_be32 *lse, uint8_t tc);
void set_mpls_lse_label(ovs_be32 *lse, ovs_be32 label);
void set_mpls_lse_bos(ovs_be32 *lse, uint8_t bos);
ovs_be32 set_mpls_lse_values(uint8_t ttl, uint8_t tc, uint8_t bos,
                             ovs_be32 label);

/* Example:
 *
 * struct eth_addr mac;
 *    [...]
 * printf("The Ethernet address is "ETH_ADDR_FMT"\n", ETH_ADDR_ARGS(mac));
 *
 */
#define ETH_ADDR_FMT                                                    \
    "%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8
#define ETH_ADDR_ARGS(EA) ETH_ADDR_BYTES_ARGS((EA).ea)
#define ETH_ADDR_BYTES_ARGS(EAB) \
         (EAB)[0], (EAB)[1], (EAB)[2], (EAB)[3], (EAB)[4], (EAB)[5]
#define ETH_ADDR_STRLEN 17

/* Example:
 *
 * struct eth_addr64 eui64;
 *    [...]
 * printf("The EUI-64 address is "ETH_ADDR64_FMT"\n", ETH_ADDR64_ARGS(mac));
 *
 */
#define ETH_ADDR64_FMT \
    "%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":" \
    "%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8
#define ETH_ADDR64_ARGS(EA) ETH_ADDR64_BYTES_ARGS((EA).ea64)
#define ETH_ADDR64_BYTES_ARGS(EAB) \
         (EAB)[0], (EAB)[1], (EAB)[2], (EAB)[3], \
         (EAB)[4], (EAB)[5], (EAB)[6], (EAB)[7]
#define ETH_ADDR64_STRLEN 23

/* Example:
 *
 * char *string = "1 00:11:22:33:44:55 2";
 * struct eth_addr mac;
 * int a, b;
 *
 * if (ovs_scan(string, "%d"ETH_ADDR_SCAN_FMT"%d",
 *              &a, ETH_ADDR_SCAN_ARGS(mac), &b)) {
 *     ...
 * }
 */
#define ETH_ADDR_SCAN_FMT "%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8
#define ETH_ADDR_SCAN_ARGS(EA) \
    &(EA).ea[0], &(EA).ea[1], &(EA).ea[2], &(EA).ea[3], &(EA).ea[4], &(EA).ea[5]

#define ETH_TYPE_IP            0x0800
#define ETH_TYPE_ARP           0x0806
#define ETH_TYPE_TEB           0x6558
#define ETH_TYPE_VLAN_8021Q    0x8100
#define ETH_TYPE_VLAN          ETH_TYPE_VLAN_8021Q
#define ETH_TYPE_VLAN_8021AD   0x88a8
#define ETH_TYPE_IPV6          0x86dd
#define ETH_TYPE_LACP          0x8809
#define ETH_TYPE_RARP          0x8035
#define ETH_TYPE_MPLS          0x8847
#define ETH_TYPE_MPLS_MCAST    0x8848
#define ETH_TYPE_NSH           0x894f
#define ETH_TYPE_ERSPAN1       0x88be   /* version 1 type II */
#define ETH_TYPE_ERSPAN2       0x22eb   /* version 2 type III */

static inline bool eth_type_mpls(ovs_be16 eth_type)
{
    return eth_type == htons(ETH_TYPE_MPLS) ||
        eth_type == htons(ETH_TYPE_MPLS_MCAST);
}

static inline bool eth_type_vlan(ovs_be16 eth_type)
{
    return eth_type == htons(ETH_TYPE_VLAN_8021Q) ||
        eth_type == htons(ETH_TYPE_VLAN_8021AD);
}


/* Minimum value for an Ethernet type.  Values below this are IEEE 802.2 frame
 * lengths. */
#define ETH_TYPE_MIN           0x600

#define ETH_HEADER_LEN 14
#define ETH_PAYLOAD_MIN 46
#define ETH_PAYLOAD_MAX 1500
#define ETH_TOTAL_MIN (ETH_HEADER_LEN + ETH_PAYLOAD_MIN)
#define ETH_TOTAL_MAX (ETH_HEADER_LEN + ETH_PAYLOAD_MAX)
#define ETH_VLAN_TOTAL_MAX (ETH_HEADER_LEN + VLAN_HEADER_LEN + ETH_PAYLOAD_MAX)
struct eth_header {
    struct eth_addr eth_dst;
    struct eth_addr eth_src;
    ovs_be16 eth_type;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ETH_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct eth_header));

void push_eth(struct dp_packet *packet, const struct eth_addr *dst,
              const struct eth_addr *src);
void pop_eth(struct dp_packet *packet);

void push_nsh(struct dp_packet *packet, const struct nsh_hdr *nsh_hdr_src);
bool pop_nsh(struct dp_packet *packet);

#define LLC_DSAP_SNAP 0xaa
#define LLC_SSAP_SNAP 0xaa
#define LLC_CNTL_SNAP 3

#define LLC_HEADER_LEN 3
struct llc_header {
    uint8_t llc_dsap;
    uint8_t llc_ssap;
    uint8_t llc_cntl;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(LLC_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct llc_header));

/* LLC field values used for STP frames. */
#define STP_LLC_SSAP 0x42
#define STP_LLC_DSAP 0x42
#define STP_LLC_CNTL 0x03

#define SNAP_ORG_ETHERNET "\0\0" /* The compiler adds a null byte, so
                                    sizeof(SNAP_ORG_ETHERNET) == 3. */
#define SNAP_HEADER_LEN 5
OVS_PACKED(
struct snap_header {
    uint8_t snap_org[3];
    ovs_be16 snap_type;
});
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(SNAP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct snap_header));

#define LLC_SNAP_HEADER_LEN (LLC_HEADER_LEN + SNAP_HEADER_LEN)
OVS_PACKED(
struct llc_snap_header {
    struct llc_header llc;
    struct snap_header snap;
});
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(LLC_SNAP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct llc_snap_header));

#define VLAN_VID_MASK 0x0fff
#define VLAN_VID_SHIFT 0

#define VLAN_PCP_MASK 0xe000
#define VLAN_PCP_SHIFT 13

#define VLAN_CFI 0x1000
#define VLAN_CFI_SHIFT 12

/* Given the vlan_tci field from an 802.1Q header, in network byte order,
 * returns the VLAN ID in host byte order. */
static inline uint16_t
vlan_tci_to_vid(ovs_be16 vlan_tci)
{
    return (ntohs(vlan_tci) & VLAN_VID_MASK) >> VLAN_VID_SHIFT;
}

/* Given the vlan_tci field from an 802.1Q header, in network byte order,
 * returns the priority code point (PCP) in host byte order. */
static inline int
vlan_tci_to_pcp(ovs_be16 vlan_tci)
{
    return (ntohs(vlan_tci) & VLAN_PCP_MASK) >> VLAN_PCP_SHIFT;
}

/* Given the vlan_tci field from an 802.1Q header, in network byte order,
 * returns the Canonical Format Indicator (CFI). */
static inline int
vlan_tci_to_cfi(ovs_be16 vlan_tci)
{
    return (vlan_tci & htons(VLAN_CFI)) != 0;
}

#define VLAN_HEADER_LEN 4
struct vlan_header {
    ovs_be16 vlan_tci;          /* Lowest 12 bits are VLAN ID. */
    ovs_be16 vlan_next_type;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(VLAN_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct vlan_header));

#define VLAN_ETH_HEADER_LEN (ETH_HEADER_LEN + VLAN_HEADER_LEN)
struct vlan_eth_header {
    struct eth_addr veth_dst;
    struct eth_addr veth_src;
    ovs_be16 veth_type;         /* Always htons(ETH_TYPE_VLAN). */
    ovs_be16 veth_tci;          /* Lowest 12 bits are VLAN ID. */
    ovs_be16 veth_next_type;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(VLAN_ETH_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct vlan_eth_header));

/* MPLS related definitions */
#define MPLS_TTL_MASK       0x000000ff
#define MPLS_TTL_SHIFT      0

#define MPLS_BOS_MASK       0x00000100
#define MPLS_BOS_SHIFT      8

#define MPLS_TC_MASK        0x00000e00
#define MPLS_TC_SHIFT       9

#define MPLS_LABEL_MASK     0xfffff000
#define MPLS_LABEL_SHIFT    12

#define MPLS_HLEN           4

struct mpls_hdr {
    ovs_16aligned_be32 mpls_lse;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(MPLS_HLEN == sizeof(struct mpls_hdr));

/* Given a mpls label stack entry in network byte order
 * return mpls label in host byte order */
static inline uint32_t
mpls_lse_to_label(ovs_be32 mpls_lse)
{
    return (ntohl(mpls_lse) & MPLS_LABEL_MASK) >> MPLS_LABEL_SHIFT;
}

/* Given a mpls label stack entry in network byte order
 * return mpls tc */
static inline uint8_t
mpls_lse_to_tc(ovs_be32 mpls_lse)
{
    return (ntohl(mpls_lse) & MPLS_TC_MASK) >> MPLS_TC_SHIFT;
}

/* Given a mpls label stack entry in network byte order
 * return mpls ttl */
static inline uint8_t
mpls_lse_to_ttl(ovs_be32 mpls_lse)
{
    return (ntohl(mpls_lse) & MPLS_TTL_MASK) >> MPLS_TTL_SHIFT;
}

/* Set label in mpls lse. */
static inline void
flow_set_mpls_lse_label(ovs_be32 *mpls_lse, uint32_t label)
{
    *mpls_lse &= ~htonl(MPLS_LABEL_MASK);
    *mpls_lse |= htonl(label << MPLS_LABEL_SHIFT);
}

/* Set TC in mpls lse. */
static inline void
flow_set_mpls_lse_tc(ovs_be32 *mpls_lse, uint8_t tc)
{
    *mpls_lse &= ~htonl(MPLS_TC_MASK);
    *mpls_lse |= htonl((tc & 0x7) << MPLS_TC_SHIFT);
}

/* Set BOS in mpls lse. */
static inline void
flow_set_mpls_lse_bos(ovs_be32 *mpls_lse, uint8_t bos)
{
    *mpls_lse &= ~htonl(MPLS_BOS_MASK);
    *mpls_lse |= htonl((bos & 0x1) << MPLS_BOS_SHIFT);
}

/* Set TTL in mpls lse. */
static inline void
flow_set_mpls_lse_ttl(ovs_be32 *mpls_lse, uint8_t ttl)
{
    *mpls_lse &= ~htonl(MPLS_TTL_MASK);
    *mpls_lse |= htonl(ttl << MPLS_TTL_SHIFT);
}

/* Given a mpls label stack entry in network byte order
 * return mpls BoS bit  */
static inline uint8_t
mpls_lse_to_bos(ovs_be32 mpls_lse)
{
    return (mpls_lse & htonl(MPLS_BOS_MASK)) != 0;
}

#define IP_FMT "%"PRIu32".%"PRIu32".%"PRIu32".%"PRIu32
#define IP_ARGS(ip)                             \
    ntohl(ip) >> 24,                            \
    (ntohl(ip) >> 16) & 0xff,                   \
    (ntohl(ip) >> 8) & 0xff,                    \
    ntohl(ip) & 0xff

/* Example:
 *
 * char *string = "1 33.44.55.66 2";
 * ovs_be32 ip;
 * int a, b;
 *
 * if (ovs_scan(string, "%d"IP_SCAN_FMT"%d", &a, IP_SCAN_ARGS(&ip), &b)) {
 *     ...
 * }
 */
#define IP_SCAN_FMT "%"SCNu8".%"SCNu8".%"SCNu8".%"SCNu8
#define IP_SCAN_ARGS(ip)                                    \
        ((void) (ovs_be32) *(ip), &((uint8_t *) ip)[0]),    \
        &((uint8_t *) ip)[1],                               \
        &((uint8_t *) ip)[2],                               \
        &((uint8_t *) ip)[3]

#define IP_PORT_SCAN_FMT "%"SCNu8".%"SCNu8".%"SCNu8".%"SCNu8":%"SCNu16
#define IP_PORT_SCAN_ARGS(ip, port)                                    \
        ((void) (ovs_be32) *(ip), &((uint8_t *) ip)[0]),    \
        &((uint8_t *) ip)[1],                               \
        &((uint8_t *) ip)[2],                               \
        &((uint8_t *) ip)[3],                               \
        ((void) (ovs_be16) *(port), (uint16_t *) port)

/* Returns true if 'netmask' is a CIDR netmask, that is, if it consists of N
 * high-order 1-bits and 32-N low-order 0-bits. */
static inline bool
ip_is_cidr(ovs_be32 netmask)
{
    uint32_t x = ~ntohl(netmask);
    return !(x & (x + 1));
}
static inline bool
ip_is_multicast(ovs_be32 ip)
{
    return (ip & htonl(0xf0000000)) == htonl(0xe0000000);
}
static inline bool
ip_is_local_multicast(ovs_be32 ip)
{
    return (ip & htonl(0xffffff00)) == htonl(0xe0000000);
}
int ip_count_cidr_bits(ovs_be32 netmask);
void ip_format_masked(ovs_be32 ip, ovs_be32 mask, struct ds *);
bool ip_parse(const char *s, ovs_be32 *ip);
char *ip_parse_port(const char *s, ovs_be32 *ip, ovs_be16 *port)
    OVS_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
char *ip_parse_masked(const char *s, ovs_be32 *ip, ovs_be32 *mask)
    OVS_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
char *ip_parse_cidr(const char *s, ovs_be32 *ip, unsigned int *plen)
    OVS_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
char *ip_parse_masked_len(const char *s, int *n, ovs_be32 *ip, ovs_be32 *mask)
    OVS_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
char *ip_parse_cidr_len(const char *s, int *n, ovs_be32 *ip,
                        unsigned int *plen)
    OVS_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;

#define IP_VER(ip_ihl_ver) ((ip_ihl_ver) >> 4)
#define IP_IHL(ip_ihl_ver) ((ip_ihl_ver) & 15)
#define IP_IHL_VER(ihl, ver) (((ver) << 4) | (ihl))

#ifndef IPPROTO_SCTP
#define IPPROTO_SCTP 132
#endif

#ifndef IPPROTO_DCCP
#define IPPROTO_DCCP 33
#endif

#ifndef IPPROTO_IGMP
#define IPPROTO_IGMP 2
#endif

#ifndef IPPROTO_UDPLITE
#define IPPROTO_UDPLITE 136
#endif

/* TOS fields. */
#define IP_ECN_NOT_ECT 0x0
#define IP_ECN_ECT_1 0x01
#define IP_ECN_ECT_0 0x02
#define IP_ECN_CE 0x03
#define IP_ECN_MASK 0x03
#define IP_DSCP_CS6 0xc0
#define IP_DSCP_MASK 0xfc

static inline int
IP_ECN_is_ce(uint8_t dsfield)
{
    return (dsfield & IP_ECN_MASK) == IP_ECN_CE;
}

#define IP_VERSION 4

#define IP_DONT_FRAGMENT  0x4000 /* Don't fragment. */
#define IP_MORE_FRAGMENTS 0x2000 /* More fragments. */
#define IP_FRAG_OFF_MASK  0x1fff /* Fragment offset. */
#define IP_IS_FRAGMENT(ip_frag_off) \
        ((ip_frag_off) & htons(IP_MORE_FRAGMENTS | IP_FRAG_OFF_MASK))

#define IP_HEADER_LEN 20
struct ip_header {
    uint8_t ip_ihl_ver;
    uint8_t ip_tos;
    ovs_be16 ip_tot_len;
    ovs_be16 ip_id;
    ovs_be16 ip_frag_off;
    uint8_t ip_ttl;
    uint8_t ip_proto;
    ovs_be16 ip_csum;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 ip_src;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 ip_dst;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(IP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct ip_header));

/* ICMPv4 types. */
#define ICMP4_ECHO_REPLY 0
#define ICMP4_DST_UNREACH 3
#define ICMP4_SOURCEQUENCH 4
#define ICMP4_REDIRECT 5
#define ICMP4_ECHO_REQUEST 8
#define ICMP4_TIME_EXCEEDED 11
#define ICMP4_PARAM_PROB 12
#define ICMP4_TIMESTAMP 13
#define ICMP4_TIMESTAMPREPLY 14
#define ICMP4_INFOREQUEST 15
#define ICMP4_INFOREPLY 16

#define ICMP_HEADER_LEN 8
struct icmp_header {
    uint8_t icmp_type;
    uint8_t icmp_code;
    ovs_be16 icmp_csum;
    union {
        struct {
            ovs_be16 id;
            ovs_be16 seq;
        } echo;
        struct {
            ovs_be16 empty;
            ovs_be16 mtu;
        } frag;
        ovs_16aligned_be32 gateway;
    } icmp_fields;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ICMP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct icmp_header));

/* ICMPV4 */
#define ICMP_ERROR_DATA_L4_LEN 8

#define IGMP_HEADER_LEN 8
struct igmp_header {
    uint8_t igmp_type;
    uint8_t igmp_code;
    ovs_be16 igmp_csum;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 group;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(IGMP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct igmp_header));

#define IGMPV3_HEADER_LEN 8
struct igmpv3_header {
    uint8_t type;
    uint8_t rsvr1;
    ovs_be16 csum;
    ovs_be16 rsvr2;
    ovs_be16 ngrp;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(IGMPV3_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct igmpv3_header));

#define IGMPV3_QUERY_HEADER_LEN 12
struct igmpv3_query_header {
    uint8_t type;
    uint8_t max_resp;
    ovs_be16 csum;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 group;
    uint8_t srs_qrv;
    uint8_t qqic;
    ovs_be16 nsrcs;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(
    IGMPV3_QUERY_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct igmpv3_query_header
));

#define IGMPV3_RECORD_LEN 8
struct igmpv3_record {
    uint8_t type;
    uint8_t aux_len;
    ovs_be16 nsrcs;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 maddr;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(IGMPV3_RECORD_LEN == sizeof(struct igmpv3_record));

#define IGMP_HOST_MEMBERSHIP_QUERY    0x11 /* From RFC1112 */
#define IGMP_HOST_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT   0x12 /* Ditto */
#define IGMPV2_HOST_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT 0x16 /* V2 version of 0x12 */
#define IGMP_HOST_LEAVE_MESSAGE       0x17
#define IGMPV3_HOST_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT 0x22 /* V3 version of 0x12 */

/*
 * IGMPv3 and MLDv2 use the same codes.
 */
#define IGMPV3_MODE_IS_INCLUDE 1
#define IGMPV3_MODE_IS_EXCLUDE 2
#define IGMPV3_CHANGE_TO_INCLUDE_MODE 3
#define IGMPV3_CHANGE_TO_EXCLUDE_MODE 4
#define IGMPV3_ALLOW_NEW_SOURCES 5
#define IGMPV3_BLOCK_OLD_SOURCES 6

#define SCTP_HEADER_LEN 12
struct sctp_header {
    ovs_be16 sctp_src;
    ovs_be16 sctp_dst;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 sctp_vtag;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 sctp_csum;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(SCTP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct sctp_header));

#define UDP_HEADER_LEN 8
struct udp_header {
    ovs_be16 udp_src;
    ovs_be16 udp_dst;
    ovs_be16 udp_len;
    ovs_be16 udp_csum;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(UDP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct udp_header));

#define ESP_HEADER_LEN 8
struct esp_header {
    ovs_be32 spi;
    ovs_be32 seq_no;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ESP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct esp_header));

#define ESP_TRAILER_LEN 2
struct esp_trailer {
    uint8_t pad_len;
    uint8_t next_hdr;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ESP_TRAILER_LEN == sizeof(struct esp_trailer));

#define TCP_FIN 0x001
#define TCP_SYN 0x002
#define TCP_RST 0x004
#define TCP_PSH 0x008
#define TCP_ACK 0x010
#define TCP_URG 0x020
#define TCP_ECE 0x040
#define TCP_CWR 0x080
#define TCP_NS  0x100

#define TCP_CTL(flags, offset) (htons((flags) | ((offset) << 12)))
#define TCP_FLAGS(tcp_ctl) (ntohs(tcp_ctl) & 0x0fff)
#define TCP_FLAGS_BE16(tcp_ctl) ((tcp_ctl) & htons(0x0fff))
#define TCP_OFFSET(tcp_ctl) (ntohs(tcp_ctl) >> 12)

#define TCP_HEADER_LEN 20
struct tcp_header {
    ovs_be16 tcp_src;
    ovs_be16 tcp_dst;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 tcp_seq;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 tcp_ack;
    ovs_be16 tcp_ctl;
    ovs_be16 tcp_winsz;
    ovs_be16 tcp_csum;
    ovs_be16 tcp_urg;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(TCP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct tcp_header));

/* Connection states.
 *
 * Names like CS_RELATED are bit values, e.g. 1 << 2.
 * Names like CS_RELATED_BIT are bit indexes, e.g. 2. */
#define CS_STATES                               \
    CS_STATE(NEW,         0, "new")             \
    CS_STATE(ESTABLISHED, 1, "est")             \
    CS_STATE(RELATED,     2, "rel")             \
    CS_STATE(REPLY_DIR,   3, "rpl")             \
    CS_STATE(INVALID,     4, "inv")             \
    CS_STATE(TRACKED,     5, "trk")             \
    CS_STATE(SRC_NAT,     6, "snat")            \
    CS_STATE(DST_NAT,     7, "dnat")

enum {
#define CS_STATE(ENUM, INDEX, NAME) \
    CS_##ENUM = 1 << INDEX, \
    CS_##ENUM##_BIT = INDEX,
    CS_STATES
#undef CS_STATE
};

/* Undefined connection state bits. */
enum {
#define CS_STATE(ENUM, INDEX, NAME) +CS_##ENUM
    CS_SUPPORTED_MASK = CS_STATES
#undef CS_STATE
};
#define CS_UNSUPPORTED_MASK  (~(uint32_t)CS_SUPPORTED_MASK)

#define ARP_HRD_ETHERNET 1
#define ARP_PRO_IP 0x0800
#define ARP_OP_REQUEST 1
#define ARP_OP_REPLY 2
#define ARP_OP_RARP 3

#define ARP_ETH_HEADER_LEN 28
struct arp_eth_header {
    /* Generic members. */
    ovs_be16 ar_hrd;           /* Hardware type. */
    ovs_be16 ar_pro;           /* Protocol type. */
    uint8_t ar_hln;            /* Hardware address length. */
    uint8_t ar_pln;            /* Protocol address length. */
    ovs_be16 ar_op;            /* Opcode. */

    /* Ethernet+IPv4 specific members. */
    struct eth_addr ar_sha;     /* Sender hardware address. */
    ovs_16aligned_be32 ar_spa;  /* Sender protocol address. */
    struct eth_addr ar_tha;     /* Target hardware address. */
    ovs_16aligned_be32 ar_tpa;  /* Target protocol address. */
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ARP_ETH_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct arp_eth_header));

#define IPV6_HEADER_LEN 40

/* Like struct in6_addr, but whereas that struct requires 32-bit alignment on
 * most implementations, this one only requires 16-bit alignment. */
union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr {
    ovs_be16 be16[8];
    ovs_16aligned_be32 be32[4];
};

/* Like struct ip6_hdr, but whereas that struct requires 32-bit alignment, this
 * one only requires 16-bit alignment. */
struct ovs_16aligned_ip6_hdr {
    union {
        struct ovs_16aligned_ip6_hdrctl {
            ovs_16aligned_be32 ip6_un1_flow;
            ovs_be16 ip6_un1_plen;
            uint8_t ip6_un1_nxt;
            uint8_t ip6_un1_hlim;
        } ip6_un1;
        uint8_t ip6_un2_vfc;
    } ip6_ctlun;
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr ip6_src;
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr ip6_dst;
};

/* Like struct in6_frag, but whereas that struct requires 32-bit alignment,
 * this one only requires 16-bit alignment. */
struct ovs_16aligned_ip6_frag {
    uint8_t ip6f_nxt;
    uint8_t ip6f_reserved;
    ovs_be16 ip6f_offlg;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 ip6f_ident;
};

#define ICMP6_HEADER_LEN 4
struct icmp6_header {
    uint8_t icmp6_type;
    uint8_t icmp6_code;
    ovs_be16 icmp6_cksum;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ICMP6_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct icmp6_header));

#define ICMP6_DATA_HEADER_LEN 8
struct icmp6_data_header {
    struct icmp6_header icmp6_base;
    union {
        ovs_16aligned_be32 be32[1];
        ovs_be16           be16[2];
        uint8_t            u8[4];
    } icmp6_data;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ICMP6_DATA_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct icmp6_data_header));

uint32_t packet_csum_pseudoheader6(const struct ovs_16aligned_ip6_hdr *);
ovs_be16 packet_csum_upperlayer6(const struct ovs_16aligned_ip6_hdr *,
                                 const void *, uint8_t, uint16_t);

/* Neighbor Discovery option field.
 * ND options are always a multiple of 8 bytes in size. */
#define ND_LLA_OPT_LEN 8
struct ovs_nd_lla_opt {
    uint8_t type;               /* One of ND_OPT_*_LINKADDR. */
    uint8_t len;
    struct eth_addr mac;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ND_LLA_OPT_LEN == sizeof(struct ovs_nd_lla_opt));

/* Neighbor Discovery option: Prefix Information. */
#define ND_PREFIX_OPT_LEN 32
struct ovs_nd_prefix_opt {
    uint8_t type;               /* ND_OPT_PREFIX_INFORMATION. */
    uint8_t len;                /* Always 4. */
    uint8_t prefix_len;
    uint8_t la_flags;           /* ND_PREFIX_* flags. */
    ovs_16aligned_be32 valid_lifetime;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 preferred_lifetime;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 reserved;          /* Always 0. */
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr prefix;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ND_PREFIX_OPT_LEN == sizeof(struct ovs_nd_prefix_opt));

/* Neighbor Discovery option: MTU. */
#define ND_MTU_OPT_LEN 8
#define ND_MTU_DEFAULT 0
struct ovs_nd_mtu_opt {
    uint8_t  type;      /* ND_OPT_MTU */
    uint8_t  len;       /* Always 1. */
    ovs_be16 reserved;  /* Always 0. */
    ovs_16aligned_be32 mtu;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ND_MTU_OPT_LEN == sizeof(struct ovs_nd_mtu_opt));

/* Like struct nd_msg (from ndisc.h), but whereas that struct requires 32-bit
 * alignment, this one only requires 16-bit alignment. */
#define ND_MSG_LEN 24
struct ovs_nd_msg {
    struct icmp6_header icmph;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 rso_flags;
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr target;
    struct ovs_nd_lla_opt options[0];
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ND_MSG_LEN == sizeof(struct ovs_nd_msg));

/* Neighbor Discovery packet flags. */
#define ND_RSO_ROUTER    0x80000000
#define ND_RSO_SOLICITED 0x40000000
#define ND_RSO_OVERRIDE  0x20000000

#define RA_MSG_LEN 16
struct ovs_ra_msg {
    struct icmp6_header icmph;
    uint8_t cur_hop_limit;
    uint8_t mo_flags;  /* ND_RA_MANAGED_ADDRESS and ND_RA_OTHER_CONFIG flags. */
    ovs_be16 router_lifetime;
    ovs_be32 reachable_time;
    ovs_be32 retrans_timer;
    struct ovs_nd_lla_opt options[0];
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(RA_MSG_LEN == sizeof(struct ovs_ra_msg));

#define ND_RA_MANAGED_ADDRESS 0x80
#define ND_RA_OTHER_CONFIG    0x40

/* Defaults based on MaxRtrInterval and MinRtrInterval from RFC 4861 section
 * 6.2.1
 */
#define ND_RA_MAX_INTERVAL_DEFAULT 600

static inline int
nd_ra_min_interval_default(int max)
{
    return max >= 9 ? max / 3 : max * 3 / 4;
}

/*
 * Use the same struct for MLD and MLD2, naming members as the defined fields in
 * in the corresponding version of the protocol, though they are reserved in the
 * other one.
 */
#define MLD_HEADER_LEN 8
struct mld_header {
    uint8_t type;
    uint8_t code;
    ovs_be16 csum;
    ovs_be16 mrd;
    ovs_be16 ngrp;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(MLD_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct mld_header));

#define MLD2_RECORD_LEN 20
struct mld2_record {
    uint8_t type;
    uint8_t aux_len;
    ovs_be16 nsrcs;
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr maddr;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(MLD2_RECORD_LEN == sizeof(struct mld2_record));

#define MLD_QUERY 130
#define MLD_REPORT 131
#define MLD_DONE 132
#define MLD2_REPORT 143

/* The IPv6 flow label is in the lower 20 bits of the first 32-bit word. */
#define IPV6_LABEL_MASK 0x000fffff

/* Example:
 *
 * char *string = "1 ::1 2";
 * char ipv6_s[IPV6_SCAN_LEN + 1];
 * struct in6_addr ipv6;
 *
 * if (ovs_scan(string, "%d"IPV6_SCAN_FMT"%d", &a, ipv6_s, &b)
 *     && inet_pton(AF_INET6, ipv6_s, &ipv6) == 1) {
 *     ...
 * }
 */
#define IPV6_SCAN_FMT "%46[0123456789abcdefABCDEF:.]"
#define IPV6_SCAN_LEN 46

extern const struct in6_addr in6addr_exact;
#define IN6ADDR_EXACT_INIT { { { 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, \
                                 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff } } }

extern const struct in6_addr in6addr_all_hosts;
#define IN6ADDR_ALL_HOSTS_INIT { { { 0xff,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00, \
                                     0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01 } } }

extern const struct in6_addr in6addr_all_routers;
#define IN6ADDR_ALL_ROUTERS_INIT { { { 0xff,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00, \
                                       0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02 } } }

static inline bool ipv6_addr_equals(const struct in6_addr *a,
                                    const struct in6_addr *b)
{
#ifdef IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL
    return IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(a, b);
#else
    return !memcmp(a, b, sizeof(*a));
#endif
}

/* Checks the IPv6 address in 'mask' for all zeroes. */
static inline bool ipv6_mask_is_any(const struct in6_addr *mask) {
    return ipv6_addr_equals(mask, &in6addr_any);
}

static inline bool ipv6_mask_is_exact(const struct in6_addr *mask) {
    return ipv6_addr_equals(mask, &in6addr_exact);
}

static inline bool ipv6_is_all_hosts(const struct in6_addr *addr) {
    return ipv6_addr_equals(addr, &in6addr_all_hosts);
}

static inline bool ipv6_addr_is_set(const struct in6_addr *addr) {
    return !ipv6_addr_equals(addr, &in6addr_any);
}

static inline bool ipv6_addr_is_multicast(const struct in6_addr *ip) {
    return ip->s6_addr[0] == 0xff;
}

static inline struct in6_addr
in6_addr_mapped_ipv4(ovs_be32 ip4)
{
    struct in6_addr ip6;
    memset(&ip6, 0, sizeof(ip6));
    ip6.s6_addr[10] = 0xff, ip6.s6_addr[11] = 0xff;
    memcpy(&ip6.s6_addr[12], &ip4, 4);
    return ip6;
}

static inline void
in6_addr_set_mapped_ipv4(struct in6_addr *ip6, ovs_be32 ip4)
{
    *ip6 = in6_addr_mapped_ipv4(ip4);
}

static inline ovs_be32
in6_addr_get_mapped_ipv4(const struct in6_addr *addr)
{
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *taddr =
        (union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *) addr;
    if (IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(addr)) {
        return get_16aligned_be32(&taddr->be32[3]);
    } else {
        return INADDR_ANY;
    }
}

static inline void
in6_addr_solicited_node(struct in6_addr *addr, const struct in6_addr *ip6)
{
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *taddr =
        (union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *) addr;
    memset(taddr->be16, 0, sizeof(taddr->be16));
    taddr->be16[0] = htons(0xff02);
    taddr->be16[5] = htons(0x1);
    taddr->be16[6] = htons(0xff00);
    memcpy(&addr->s6_addr[13], &ip6->s6_addr[13], 3);
}

/*
 * Generates ipv6 EUI64 address from the given eth addr
 * and prefix and stores it in 'lla'
 */
static inline void
in6_generate_eui64(struct eth_addr ea, struct in6_addr *prefix,
                   struct in6_addr *lla)
{
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *taddr =
        (union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *) lla;
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *prefix_taddr =
        (union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *) prefix;
    taddr->be16[0] = prefix_taddr->be16[0];
    taddr->be16[1] = prefix_taddr->be16[1];
    taddr->be16[2] = prefix_taddr->be16[2];
    taddr->be16[3] = prefix_taddr->be16[3];
    taddr->be16[4] = htons(((ea.ea[0] ^ 0x02) << 8) | ea.ea[1]);
    taddr->be16[5] = htons(ea.ea[2] << 8 | 0x00ff);
    taddr->be16[6] = htons(0xfe << 8 | ea.ea[3]);
    taddr->be16[7] = ea.be16[2];
}

/*
 * Generates ipv6 link local address from the given eth addr
 * with prefix 'fe80::/64' and stores it in 'lla'
 */
static inline void
in6_generate_lla(struct eth_addr ea, struct in6_addr *lla)
{
    union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *taddr =
        (union ovs_16aligned_in6_addr *) lla;
    memset(taddr->be16, 0, sizeof(taddr->be16));
    taddr->be16[0] = htons(0xfe80);
    taddr->be16[4] = htons(((ea.ea[0] ^ 0x02) << 8) | ea.ea[1]);
    taddr->be16[5] = htons(ea.ea[2] << 8 | 0x00ff);
    taddr->be16[6] = htons(0xfe << 8 | ea.ea[3]);
    taddr->be16[7] = ea.be16[2];
}

/* Returns true if 'addr' is a link local address.  Otherwise, false. */
static inline bool
in6_is_lla(struct in6_addr *addr)
{
#ifdef s6_addr32
    return addr->s6_addr32[0] == htonl(0xfe800000) && !(addr->s6_addr32[1]);
#else
    return addr->s6_addr[0] == 0xfe && addr->s6_addr[1] == 0x80 &&
         !(addr->s6_addr[2] | addr->s6_addr[3] | addr->s6_addr[4] |
           addr->s6_addr[5] | addr->s6_addr[6] | addr->s6_addr[7]);
#endif
}

static inline void
ipv6_multicast_to_ethernet(struct eth_addr *eth, const struct in6_addr *ip6)
{
    eth->ea[0] = 0x33;
    eth->ea[1] = 0x33;
    eth->ea[2] = ip6->s6_addr[12];
    eth->ea[3] = ip6->s6_addr[13];
    eth->ea[4] = ip6->s6_addr[14];
    eth->ea[5] = ip6->s6_addr[15];
}

static inline bool dl_type_is_ip_any(ovs_be16 dl_type)
{
    return dl_type == htons(ETH_TYPE_IP)
        || dl_type == htons(ETH_TYPE_IPV6);
}

/* Tunnel header */

/* GRE protocol header */
struct gre_base_hdr {
    ovs_be16 flags;
    ovs_be16 protocol;
};

#define GRE_CSUM        0x8000
#define GRE_ROUTING     0x4000
#define GRE_KEY         0x2000
#define GRE_SEQ         0x1000
#define GRE_STRICT      0x0800
#define GRE_REC         0x0700
#define GRE_FLAGS       0x00F8
#define GRE_VERSION     0x0007

/*
 * ERSPAN protocol header and metadata
 *
 * Version 1 (Type II) header (8 octets [42:49])
 *  0                   1                   2                   3
 *  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * |  Ver  |          VLAN         | COS | En|T|    Session ID     |
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * |      Reserved         |                  Index                |
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 *
 *
 *  ERSPAN Version 2 (Type III) header (12 octets [42:49])
 *  0                   1                   2                   3
 *  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * |  Ver  |          VLAN         | COS |BSO|T|     Session ID    |
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * |                          Timestamp                            |
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * |             SGT               |P|    FT   |   Hw ID   |D|Gra|O|
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 *
 */

/* ERSPAN has fixed 8-byte GRE header */
#define ERSPAN_GREHDR_LEN   8
#define ERSPAN_HDR(gre_base_hdr) \
    ((struct erspan_base_hdr *)((char *)gre_base_hdr + ERSPAN_GREHDR_LEN))

#define ERSPAN_V1_MDSIZE    4
#define ERSPAN_V2_MDSIZE    8

#define ERSPAN_SID_MASK     0x03ff  /* 10-bit Session ID. */
#define ERSPAN_IDX_MASK     0xfffff /* v1 Index */
#define ERSPAN_HWID_MASK    0x03f0
#define ERSPAN_DIR_MASK     0x0008

struct erspan_base_hdr {
#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
    uint8_t ver:4,
            vlan_upper:4;
    uint8_t vlan:8;
    uint8_t cos:3,
            en:2,
            t:1,
            session_id_upper:2;
    uint8_t session_id:8;
#else
    uint8_t vlan_upper:4,
            ver:4;
    uint8_t vlan:8;
    uint8_t session_id_upper:2,
            t:1,
            en:2,
            cos:3;
    uint8_t session_id:8;
#endif
};

struct erspan_md2 {
    ovs_16aligned_be32 timestamp;
    ovs_be16 sgt;
#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
    uint8_t p:1,
            ft:5,
            hwid_upper:2;
    uint8_t hwid:4,
            dir:1,
            gra:2,
            o:1;
#else
    uint8_t hwid_upper:2,
            ft:5,
            p:1;
    uint8_t o:1,
            gra:2,
            dir:1,
            hwid:4;
#endif
};

struct erspan_metadata {
    int version;
    union {
        ovs_be32 index;         /* Version 1 (type II)*/
        struct erspan_md2 md2;  /* Version 2 (type III) */
    } u;
};

static inline uint16_t get_sid(const struct erspan_base_hdr *ershdr)
{
    return (ershdr->session_id_upper << 8) + ershdr->session_id;
}

static inline void set_sid(struct erspan_base_hdr *ershdr, uint16_t id)
{
    ershdr->session_id = id & 0xff;
    ershdr->session_id_upper = (id >> 8) &0x3;
}

static inline uint8_t get_hwid(const struct erspan_md2 *md2)
{
    return (md2->hwid_upper << 4) + md2->hwid;
}

static inline void set_hwid(struct erspan_md2 *md2, uint8_t hwid)
{
    md2->hwid = hwid & 0xf;
    md2->hwid_upper = (hwid >> 4) & 0x3;
}

/* ERSPAN timestamp granularity
 *   00b --> granularity = 100 microseconds
 *   01b --> granularity = 100 nanoseconds
 *   10b --> granularity = IEEE 1588
 * Here we only support 100 microseconds.
 */
enum erspan_ts_gra {
    ERSPAN_100US,
    ERSPAN_100NS,
    ERSPAN_IEEE1588,
};

static inline ovs_be32 get_erspan_ts(enum erspan_ts_gra gra)
{
    ovs_be32 ts = 0;

    switch (gra) {
    case ERSPAN_100US:
        ts = htonl((uint32_t)(time_wall_usec() / 100));
        break;
    case ERSPAN_100NS:
        /* fall back */
    case ERSPAN_IEEE1588:
        /* fall back */
    default:
        OVS_NOT_REACHED();
        break;
    }
    return ts;
}

/*
 * GTP-U protocol header and metadata
 * See:
 *   User Plane Protocol and Architectural Analysis on 3GPP 5G System
 *                 draft-hmm-dmm-5g-uplane-analysis-00
 *
 * 0                   1                   2                   3
 * 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * | Ver |P|R|E|S|N| Message Type|             Length              |
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * |                Tunnel Endpoint Identifier                     |
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * |      Sequence Number        |   N-PDU Number  |  Next-Ext-Hdr |
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 *
 * GTP-U Flags:
 *   P: Protocol Type (Set to '1')
 *   R: Reserved Bit (Set to '0')
 *   E: Extension Header Flag (Set to '1' if extension header exists)
 *   S: Sequence Number Flag (Set to '1' if sequence number exists)
 *   N: N-PDU Number Flag (Set to '1' if N-PDU number exists)
 *
 * GTP-U Message Type:
 *   Indicates the type of GTP-U message.
 *
 * GTP-U Length:
 *   Indicates the length in octets of the payload.
 *
 * User payload is transmitted in G-PDU packets.
 */

#define GTPU_VER_MASK   0xe0
#define GTPU_P_MASK     0x10
#define GTPU_E_MASK     0x04
#define GTPU_S_MASK     0x02

/* GTP-U UDP port. */
#define GTPU_DST_PORT   2152

/* Default GTP-U flags: Ver = 1 and P = 1. */
#define GTPU_FLAGS_DEFAULT  0x30

/* GTP-U message type for normal user plane PDU. */
#define GTPU_MSGTYPE_REQ    1   /* Echo Request. */
#define GTPU_MSGTYPE_REPL   2   /* Echo Reply. */
#define GTPU_MSGTYPE_GPDU   255 /* User Payload. */

struct gtpu_metadata {
    uint8_t flags;
    uint8_t msgtype;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(sizeof(struct gtpu_metadata) == 2);

struct gtpuhdr {
    struct gtpu_metadata md;
    ovs_be16 len;
    ovs_16aligned_be32 teid;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(sizeof(struct gtpuhdr) == 8);

struct gtpuhdr_opt {
    ovs_be16 seqno;
    uint8_t pdu_number;
    uint8_t next_ext_type;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(sizeof(struct gtpuhdr_opt) == 4);

/* VXLAN protocol header */
struct vxlanhdr {
    union {
        ovs_16aligned_be32 vx_flags; /* VXLAN flags. */
        struct {
            uint8_t flags;           /* VXLAN GPE flags. */
            uint8_t reserved[2];     /* 16 bits reserved. */
            uint8_t next_protocol;   /* Next Protocol field for VXLAN GPE. */
        } vx_gpe;
    };
    ovs_16aligned_be32 vx_vni;
};
BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(sizeof(struct vxlanhdr) == 8);

#define VXLAN_FLAGS 0x08000000  /* struct vxlanhdr.vx_flags required value. */

/*
 * VXLAN Generic Protocol Extension (VXLAN_F_GPE):
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * |R|R|Ver|I|P|R|O|       Reserved                |Next Protocol  |
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 * |                VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) |   Reserved    |
 * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 *
 * Ver = Version. Indicates VXLAN GPE protocol version.
 *
 * P = Next Protocol Bit. The P bit is set to indicate that the
 *     Next Protocol field is present.
 *
 * O = OAM Flag Bit. The O bit is set to indicate that the packet
 *     is an OAM packet.
 *
 * Next Protocol = This 8 bit field indicates the protocol header
 * immediately following the VXLAN GPE header.
 *
 * https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe-01
 */

/* Fields in struct vxlanhdr.vx_gpe.flags */
#define VXLAN_GPE_FLAGS_VER     0x30    /* Version. */
#define VLXAN_GPE_FLAGS_P       0x04    /* Next Protocol Bit. */
#define VXLAN_GPE_FLAGS_O       0x01    /* OAM Bit. */

/* VXLAN-GPE header flags. */
#define VXLAN_HF_VER   ((1U <<29) | (1U <<28))
#define VXLAN_HF_NP    (1U <<26)
#define VXLAN_HF_OAM   (1U <<24)

#define VXLAN_GPE_USED_BITS (VXLAN_HF_VER | VXLAN_HF_NP | VXLAN_HF_OAM | \
                            0xff)

/* VXLAN-GPE header Next Protocol. */
#define VXLAN_GPE_NP_IPV4      0x01
#define VXLAN_GPE_NP_IPV6      0x02
#define VXLAN_GPE_NP_ETHERNET  0x03
#define VXLAN_GPE_NP_NSH       0x04

#define VXLAN_F_GPE  0x4000
#define VXLAN_HF_GPE 0x04000000

/* Input values for PACKET_TYPE macros have to be in host byte order.
 * The _BE postfix indicates result is in network byte order. Otherwise result
 * is in host byte order. */
#define PACKET_TYPE(NS, NS_TYPE) ((uint32_t) ((NS) << 16 | (NS_TYPE)))
#define PACKET_TYPE_BE(NS, NS_TYPE) (htonl((NS) << 16 | (NS_TYPE)))

/* Returns the host byte ordered namespace of 'packet type'. */
static inline uint16_t
pt_ns(ovs_be32 packet_type)
{
    return ntohl(packet_type) >> 16;
}

/* Returns the network byte ordered namespace type of 'packet type'. */
static inline ovs_be16
pt_ns_type_be(ovs_be32 packet_type)
{
    return be32_to_be16(packet_type);
}

/* Returns the host byte ordered namespace type of 'packet type'. */
static inline uint16_t
pt_ns_type(ovs_be32 packet_type)
{
    return ntohs(pt_ns_type_be(packet_type));
}

/* Well-known packet_type field values. */
enum packet_type {
    PT_ETH  = PACKET_TYPE(OFPHTN_ONF, 0x0000),  /* Default PT: Ethernet */
    PT_USE_NEXT_PROTO = PACKET_TYPE(OFPHTN_ONF, 0xfffe),  /* Pseudo PT for decap. */
    PT_IPV4 = PACKET_TYPE(OFPHTN_ETHERTYPE, ETH_TYPE_IP),
    PT_IPV6 = PACKET_TYPE(OFPHTN_ETHERTYPE, ETH_TYPE_IPV6),
    PT_MPLS = PACKET_TYPE(OFPHTN_ETHERTYPE, ETH_TYPE_MPLS),
    PT_MPLS_MC = PACKET_TYPE(OFPHTN_ETHERTYPE, ETH_TYPE_MPLS_MCAST),
    PT_NSH  = PACKET_TYPE(OFPHTN_ETHERTYPE, ETH_TYPE_NSH),
    PT_UNKNOWN = PACKET_TYPE(0xffff, 0xffff),   /* Unknown packet type. */
};


void ipv6_format_addr(const struct in6_addr *addr, struct ds *);
void ipv6_format_addr_bracket(const struct in6_addr *addr, struct ds *,
                              bool bracket);
void ipv6_format_mapped(const struct in6_addr *addr, struct ds *);
void ipv6_format_masked(const struct in6_addr *addr,
                        const struct in6_addr *mask, struct ds *);
const char * ipv6_string_mapped(char *addr_str, const struct in6_addr *addr);
struct in6_addr ipv6_addr_bitand(const struct in6_addr *src,
                                 const struct in6_addr *mask);
struct in6_addr ipv6_addr_bitxor(const struct in6_addr *a,
                                 const struct in6_addr *b);
bool ipv6_is_zero(const struct in6_addr *a);
struct in6_addr ipv6_create_mask(int mask);
int ipv6_count_cidr_bits(const struct in6_addr *netmask);
bool ipv6_is_cidr(const struct in6_addr *netmask);

bool ipv6_parse(const char *s, struct in6_addr *ip);
char *ipv6_parse_masked(const char *s, struct in6_addr *ipv6,
                        struct in6_addr *mask);
char *ipv6_parse_cidr(const char *s, struct in6_addr *ip, unsigned int *plen)
    OVS_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
char *ipv6_parse_masked_len(const char *s, int *n, struct in6_addr *ipv6,
                            struct in6_addr *mask);
char *ipv6_parse_cidr_len(const char *s, int *n, struct in6_addr *ip,
                          unsigned int *plen)
    OVS_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;

void *eth_compose(struct dp_packet *, const struct eth_addr eth_dst,
                  const struct eth_addr eth_src, uint16_t eth_type,
                  size_t size);
void *snap_compose(struct dp_packet *, const struct eth_addr eth_dst,
                   const struct eth_addr eth_src,
                   unsigned int oui, uint16_t snap_type, size_t size);
void packet_set_ipv4(struct dp_packet *, ovs_be32 src, ovs_be32 dst, uint8_t tos,
                     uint8_t ttl);
void packet_set_ipv4_addr(struct dp_packet *packet, ovs_16aligned_be32 *addr,
                          ovs_be32 new_addr);
void packet_set_ipv6(struct dp_packet *, const struct in6_addr *src,
                     const struct in6_addr *dst, uint8_t tc,
                     ovs_be32 fl, uint8_t hlmit);
void packet_set_ipv6_addr(struct dp_packet *packet, uint8_t proto,
                          ovs_16aligned_be32 addr[4],
                          const struct in6_addr *new_addr,
                          bool recalculate_csum);
void packet_set_tcp_port(struct dp_packet *, ovs_be16 src, ovs_be16 dst);
void packet_set_udp_port(struct dp_packet *, ovs_be16 src, ovs_be16 dst);
void packet_set_sctp_port(struct dp_packet *, ovs_be16 src, ovs_be16 dst);
void packet_set_icmp(struct dp_packet *, uint8_t type, uint8_t code);
void packet_set_nd(struct dp_packet *, const struct in6_addr *target,
                   const struct eth_addr sll, const struct eth_addr tll);
void packet_set_nd_ext(struct dp_packet *packet,
                       const ovs_16aligned_be32 rso_flags,
                       const uint8_t opt_type);
void packet_set_igmp3_query(struct dp_packet *, uint8_t max_resp,
                            ovs_be32 group, bool srs, uint8_t qrv,
                            uint8_t qqic);
void packet_format_tcp_flags(struct ds *, uint16_t);
const char *packet_tcp_flag_to_string(uint32_t flag);
void *compose_ipv6(struct dp_packet *packet, uint8_t proto,
                   const struct in6_addr *src, const struct in6_addr *dst,
                   uint8_t key_tc, ovs_be32 key_fl, uint8_t key_hl, int size);
void compose_arp__(struct dp_packet *);
void compose_arp(struct dp_packet *, uint16_t arp_op,
                 const struct eth_addr arp_sha,
                 const struct eth_addr arp_tha, bool broadcast,
                 ovs_be32 arp_spa, ovs_be32 arp_tpa);
void compose_nd_ns(struct dp_packet *, const struct eth_addr eth_src,
                   const struct in6_addr *ipv6_src,
                   const struct in6_addr *ipv6_dst);
void compose_nd_na(struct dp_packet *, const struct eth_addr eth_src,
                   const struct eth_addr eth_dst,
                   const struct in6_addr *ipv6_src,
                   const struct in6_addr *ipv6_dst,
                   ovs_be32 rso_flags);
void compose_nd_ra(struct dp_packet *,
                   const struct eth_addr eth_src,
                   const struct eth_addr eth_dst,
                   const struct in6_addr *ipv6_src,
                   const struct in6_addr *ipv6_dst,
                   uint8_t cur_hop_limit, uint8_t mo_flags,
                   ovs_be16 router_lt, ovs_be32 reachable_time,
                   ovs_be32 retrans_timer, uint32_t mtu);
void packet_put_ra_prefix_opt(struct dp_packet *,
                              uint8_t plen, uint8_t la_flags,
                              ovs_be32 valid_lifetime,
                              ovs_be32 preferred_lifetime,
                              const ovs_be128 router_prefix);
uint32_t packet_csum_pseudoheader(const struct ip_header *);
void IP_ECN_set_ce(struct dp_packet *pkt, bool is_ipv6);

#define DNS_HEADER_LEN 12
struct dns_header {
    ovs_be16 id;
    uint8_t lo_flag; /* QR (1), OPCODE (4), AA (1), TC (1) and RD (1) */
    uint8_t hi_flag; /* RA (1), Z (3) and RCODE (4) */
    ovs_be16 qdcount; /* Num of entries in the question section. */
    ovs_be16 ancount; /* Num of resource records in the answer section. */

    /* Num of name server records in the authority record section. */
    ovs_be16 nscount;

    /* Num of resource records in the additional records section. */
    ovs_be16 arcount;
};

BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(DNS_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct dns_header));

#define DNS_QUERY_TYPE_A        0x01
#define DNS_QUERY_TYPE_AAAA     0x1c
#define DNS_QUERY_TYPE_ANY      0xff

#define DNS_CLASS_IN            0x01
#define DNS_DEFAULT_RR_TTL      3600

#endif /* packets.h */