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6a06907d | 1 | #[doc = include_str!("panic.md")] |
5869c6ff | 2 | #[macro_export] |
94222f64 | 3 | #[rustc_builtin_macro(core_panic)] |
5869c6ff XL |
4 | #[allow_internal_unstable(edition_panic)] |
5 | #[stable(feature = "core", since = "1.6.0")] | |
6 | #[rustc_diagnostic_item = "core_panic_macro"] | |
7 | macro_rules! panic { | |
8 | // Expands to either `$crate::panic::panic_2015` or `$crate::panic::panic_2021` | |
9 | // depending on the edition of the caller. | |
10 | ($($arg:tt)*) => { | |
11 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
12 | }; | |
13 | } | |
14 | ||
041b39d2 | 15 | /// Asserts that two expressions are equal to each other (using [`PartialEq`]). |
1a4d82fc | 16 | /// |
c34b1796 AL |
17 | /// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their |
18 | /// debug representations. | |
1a4d82fc | 19 | /// |
041b39d2 | 20 | /// Like [`assert!`], this macro has a second form, where a custom |
32a655c1 SL |
21 | /// panic message can be provided. |
22 | /// | |
c34b1796 | 23 | /// # Examples |
1a4d82fc JJ |
24 | /// |
25 | /// ``` | |
85aaf69f SL |
26 | /// let a = 3; |
27 | /// let b = 1 + 2; | |
1a4d82fc | 28 | /// assert_eq!(a, b); |
32a655c1 SL |
29 | /// |
30 | /// assert_eq!(a, b, "we are testing addition with {} and {}", a, b); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
31 | /// ``` |
32 | #[macro_export] | |
85aaf69f | 33 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
6a06907d | 34 | #[allow_internal_unstable(core_panic)] |
1a4d82fc | 35 | macro_rules! assert_eq { |
29967ef6 | 36 | ($left:expr, $right:expr $(,)?) => ({ |
a7813a04 | 37 | match (&$left, &$right) { |
1a4d82fc | 38 | (left_val, right_val) => { |
c34b1796 | 39 | if !(*left_val == *right_val) { |
6a06907d | 40 | let kind = $crate::panicking::AssertKind::Eq; |
9fa01778 XL |
41 | // The reborrows below are intentional. Without them, the stack slot for the |
42 | // borrow is initialized even before the values are compared, leading to a | |
43 | // noticeable slow down. | |
6a06907d | 44 | $crate::panicking::assert_failed(kind, &*left_val, &*right_val, $crate::option::Option::None); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
45 | } |
46 | } | |
47 | } | |
3157f602 | 48 | }); |
8bb4bdeb | 49 | ($left:expr, $right:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => ({ |
6a06907d | 50 | match (&$left, &$right) { |
3157f602 XL |
51 | (left_val, right_val) => { |
52 | if !(*left_val == *right_val) { | |
6a06907d | 53 | let kind = $crate::panicking::AssertKind::Eq; |
9fa01778 XL |
54 | // The reborrows below are intentional. Without them, the stack slot for the |
55 | // borrow is initialized even before the values are compared, leading to a | |
56 | // noticeable slow down. | |
6a06907d | 57 | $crate::panicking::assert_failed(kind, &*left_val, &*right_val, $crate::option::Option::Some($crate::format_args!($($arg)+))); |
3157f602 XL |
58 | } |
59 | } | |
60 | } | |
61 | }); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
62 | } |
63 | ||
041b39d2 | 64 | /// Asserts that two expressions are not equal to each other (using [`PartialEq`]). |
9e0c209e SL |
65 | /// |
66 | /// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their | |
67 | /// debug representations. | |
68 | /// | |
041b39d2 | 69 | /// Like [`assert!`], this macro has a second form, where a custom |
32a655c1 SL |
70 | /// panic message can be provided. |
71 | /// | |
9e0c209e SL |
72 | /// # Examples |
73 | /// | |
74 | /// ``` | |
75 | /// let a = 3; | |
76 | /// let b = 2; | |
77 | /// assert_ne!(a, b); | |
32a655c1 SL |
78 | /// |
79 | /// assert_ne!(a, b, "we are testing that the values are not equal"); | |
9e0c209e SL |
80 | /// ``` |
81 | #[macro_export] | |
cc61c64b | 82 | #[stable(feature = "assert_ne", since = "1.13.0")] |
6a06907d | 83 | #[allow_internal_unstable(core_panic)] |
9e0c209e | 84 | macro_rules! assert_ne { |
29967ef6 | 85 | ($left:expr, $right:expr $(,)?) => ({ |
9e0c209e SL |
86 | match (&$left, &$right) { |
87 | (left_val, right_val) => { | |
88 | if *left_val == *right_val { | |
6a06907d | 89 | let kind = $crate::panicking::AssertKind::Ne; |
9fa01778 XL |
90 | // The reborrows below are intentional. Without them, the stack slot for the |
91 | // borrow is initialized even before the values are compared, leading to a | |
92 | // noticeable slow down. | |
6a06907d | 93 | $crate::panicking::assert_failed(kind, &*left_val, &*right_val, $crate::option::Option::None); |
9e0c209e SL |
94 | } |
95 | } | |
96 | } | |
97 | }); | |
8bb4bdeb | 98 | ($left:expr, $right:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => ({ |
9e0c209e SL |
99 | match (&($left), &($right)) { |
100 | (left_val, right_val) => { | |
101 | if *left_val == *right_val { | |
6a06907d | 102 | let kind = $crate::panicking::AssertKind::Ne; |
9fa01778 XL |
103 | // The reborrows below are intentional. Without them, the stack slot for the |
104 | // borrow is initialized even before the values are compared, leading to a | |
105 | // noticeable slow down. | |
6a06907d | 106 | $crate::panicking::assert_failed(kind, &*left_val, &*right_val, $crate::option::Option::Some($crate::format_args!($($arg)+))); |
9e0c209e SL |
107 | } |
108 | } | |
109 | } | |
110 | }); | |
111 | } | |
112 | ||
17df50a5 XL |
113 | /// Asserts that an expression matches any of the given patterns. |
114 | /// | |
115 | /// Like in a `match` expression, the pattern can be optionally followed by `if` | |
116 | /// and a guard expression that has access to names bound by the pattern. | |
117 | /// | |
118 | /// On panic, this macro will print the value of the expression with its | |
119 | /// debug representation. | |
120 | /// | |
121 | /// Like [`assert!`], this macro has a second form, where a custom | |
122 | /// panic message can be provided. | |
123 | /// | |
124 | /// # Examples | |
125 | /// | |
126 | /// ``` | |
127 | /// #![feature(assert_matches)] | |
128 | /// | |
129 | /// use std::assert_matches::assert_matches; | |
130 | /// | |
131 | /// let a = 1u32.checked_add(2); | |
132 | /// let b = 1u32.checked_sub(2); | |
133 | /// assert_matches!(a, Some(_)); | |
134 | /// assert_matches!(b, None); | |
135 | /// | |
136 | /// let c = Ok("abc".to_string()); | |
137 | /// assert_matches!(c, Ok(x) | Err(x) if x.len() < 100); | |
138 | /// ``` | |
139 | #[unstable(feature = "assert_matches", issue = "82775")] | |
140 | #[allow_internal_unstable(core_panic)] | |
141 | #[rustc_macro_transparency = "semitransparent"] | |
142 | pub macro assert_matches { | |
94222f64 | 143 | ($left:expr, $(|)? $( $pattern:pat_param )|+ $( if $guard: expr )? $(,)?) => ({ |
17df50a5 XL |
144 | match $left { |
145 | $( $pattern )|+ $( if $guard )? => {} | |
146 | ref left_val => { | |
147 | $crate::panicking::assert_matches_failed( | |
148 | left_val, | |
149 | $crate::stringify!($($pattern)|+ $(if $guard)?), | |
150 | $crate::option::Option::None | |
151 | ); | |
152 | } | |
153 | } | |
154 | }), | |
94222f64 | 155 | ($left:expr, $(|)? $( $pattern:pat_param )|+ $( if $guard: expr )?, $($arg:tt)+) => ({ |
17df50a5 XL |
156 | match $left { |
157 | $( $pattern )|+ $( if $guard )? => {} | |
158 | ref left_val => { | |
159 | $crate::panicking::assert_matches_failed( | |
160 | left_val, | |
161 | $crate::stringify!($($pattern)|+ $(if $guard)?), | |
162 | $crate::option::Option::Some($crate::format_args!($($arg)+)) | |
163 | ); | |
164 | } | |
165 | } | |
166 | }), | |
167 | } | |
168 | ||
532ac7d7 | 169 | /// Asserts that a boolean expression is `true` at runtime. |
1a4d82fc | 170 | /// |
8bb4bdeb | 171 | /// This will invoke the [`panic!`] macro if the provided expression cannot be |
1a4d82fc JJ |
172 | /// evaluated to `true` at runtime. |
173 | /// | |
8bb4bdeb | 174 | /// Like [`assert!`], this macro also has a second version, where a custom panic |
92a42be0 SL |
175 | /// message can be provided. |
176 | /// | |
041b39d2 XL |
177 | /// # Uses |
178 | /// | |
8bb4bdeb | 179 | /// Unlike [`assert!`], `debug_assert!` statements are only enabled in non |
416331ca | 180 | /// optimized builds by default. An optimized build will not execute |
c34b1796 AL |
181 | /// `debug_assert!` statements unless `-C debug-assertions` is passed to the |
182 | /// compiler. This makes `debug_assert!` useful for checks that are too | |
183 | /// expensive to be present in a release build but may be helpful during | |
416331ca | 184 | /// development. The result of expanding `debug_assert!` is always type checked. |
1a4d82fc | 185 | /// |
5bcae85e SL |
186 | /// An unchecked assertion allows a program in an inconsistent state to keep |
187 | /// running, which might have unexpected consequences but does not introduce | |
188 | /// unsafety as long as this only happens in safe code. The performance cost | |
f035d41b | 189 | /// of assertions, however, is not measurable in general. Replacing [`assert!`] |
5bcae85e SL |
190 | /// with `debug_assert!` is thus only encouraged after thorough profiling, and |
191 | /// more importantly, only in safe code! | |
192 | /// | |
c34b1796 | 193 | /// # Examples |
1a4d82fc JJ |
194 | /// |
195 | /// ``` | |
196 | /// // the panic message for these assertions is the stringified value of the | |
197 | /// // expression given. | |
198 | /// debug_assert!(true); | |
85aaf69f SL |
199 | /// |
200 | /// fn some_expensive_computation() -> bool { true } // a very simple function | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
201 | /// debug_assert!(some_expensive_computation()); |
202 | /// | |
203 | /// // assert with a custom message | |
85aaf69f | 204 | /// let x = true; |
1a4d82fc | 205 | /// debug_assert!(x, "x wasn't true!"); |
85aaf69f SL |
206 | /// |
207 | /// let a = 3; let b = 27; | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
208 | /// debug_assert!(a + b == 30, "a = {}, b = {}", a, b); |
209 | /// ``` | |
210 | #[macro_export] | |
85aaf69f | 211 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
5869c6ff | 212 | #[rustc_diagnostic_item = "debug_assert_macro"] |
dc3f5686 | 213 | #[allow_internal_unstable(edition_panic)] |
1a4d82fc | 214 | macro_rules! debug_assert { |
e1599b0c | 215 | ($($arg:tt)*) => (if $crate::cfg!(debug_assertions) { $crate::assert!($($arg)*); }) |
1a4d82fc JJ |
216 | } |
217 | ||
9cc50fc6 | 218 | /// Asserts that two expressions are equal to each other. |
1a4d82fc | 219 | /// |
9cc50fc6 SL |
220 | /// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their |
221 | /// debug representations. | |
1a4d82fc | 222 | /// |
ea8adc8c | 223 | /// Unlike [`assert_eq!`], `debug_assert_eq!` statements are only enabled in non |
416331ca | 224 | /// optimized builds by default. An optimized build will not execute |
c34b1796 AL |
225 | /// `debug_assert_eq!` statements unless `-C debug-assertions` is passed to the |
226 | /// compiler. This makes `debug_assert_eq!` useful for checks that are too | |
227 | /// expensive to be present in a release build but may be helpful during | |
416331ca | 228 | /// development. The result of expanding `debug_assert_eq!` is always type checked. |
1a4d82fc | 229 | /// |
c34b1796 | 230 | /// # Examples |
1a4d82fc JJ |
231 | /// |
232 | /// ``` | |
85aaf69f SL |
233 | /// let a = 3; |
234 | /// let b = 1 + 2; | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
235 | /// debug_assert_eq!(a, b); |
236 | /// ``` | |
237 | #[macro_export] | |
92a42be0 | 238 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
1a4d82fc | 239 | macro_rules! debug_assert_eq { |
e1599b0c | 240 | ($($arg:tt)*) => (if $crate::cfg!(debug_assertions) { $crate::assert_eq!($($arg)*); }) |
1a4d82fc JJ |
241 | } |
242 | ||
9e0c209e SL |
243 | /// Asserts that two expressions are not equal to each other. |
244 | /// | |
245 | /// On panic, this macro will print the values of the expressions with their | |
246 | /// debug representations. | |
247 | /// | |
ea8adc8c | 248 | /// Unlike [`assert_ne!`], `debug_assert_ne!` statements are only enabled in non |
416331ca | 249 | /// optimized builds by default. An optimized build will not execute |
9e0c209e SL |
250 | /// `debug_assert_ne!` statements unless `-C debug-assertions` is passed to the |
251 | /// compiler. This makes `debug_assert_ne!` useful for checks that are too | |
252 | /// expensive to be present in a release build but may be helpful during | |
416331ca | 253 | /// development. The result of expanding `debug_assert_ne!` is always type checked. |
9e0c209e SL |
254 | /// |
255 | /// # Examples | |
256 | /// | |
257 | /// ``` | |
258 | /// let a = 3; | |
259 | /// let b = 2; | |
260 | /// debug_assert_ne!(a, b); | |
261 | /// ``` | |
262 | #[macro_export] | |
cc61c64b | 263 | #[stable(feature = "assert_ne", since = "1.13.0")] |
9e0c209e | 264 | macro_rules! debug_assert_ne { |
e1599b0c | 265 | ($($arg:tt)*) => (if $crate::cfg!(debug_assertions) { $crate::assert_ne!($($arg)*); }) |
9e0c209e SL |
266 | } |
267 | ||
17df50a5 XL |
268 | /// Asserts that an expression matches any of the given patterns. |
269 | /// | |
270 | /// Like in a `match` expression, the pattern can be optionally followed by `if` | |
271 | /// and a guard expression that has access to names bound by the pattern. | |
272 | /// | |
273 | /// On panic, this macro will print the value of the expression with its | |
274 | /// debug representation. | |
275 | /// | |
276 | /// Unlike [`assert_matches!`], `debug_assert_matches!` statements are only | |
277 | /// enabled in non optimized builds by default. An optimized build will not | |
278 | /// execute `debug_assert_matches!` statements unless `-C debug-assertions` is | |
279 | /// passed to the compiler. This makes `debug_assert_matches!` useful for | |
280 | /// checks that are too expensive to be present in a release build but may be | |
281 | /// helpful during development. The result of expanding `debug_assert_matches!` | |
282 | /// is always type checked. | |
283 | /// | |
284 | /// # Examples | |
285 | /// | |
286 | /// ``` | |
287 | /// #![feature(assert_matches)] | |
288 | /// | |
289 | /// use std::assert_matches::debug_assert_matches; | |
290 | /// | |
291 | /// let a = 1u32.checked_add(2); | |
292 | /// let b = 1u32.checked_sub(2); | |
293 | /// debug_assert_matches!(a, Some(_)); | |
294 | /// debug_assert_matches!(b, None); | |
295 | /// | |
296 | /// let c = Ok("abc".to_string()); | |
297 | /// debug_assert_matches!(c, Ok(x) | Err(x) if x.len() < 100); | |
298 | /// ``` | |
299 | #[macro_export] | |
300 | #[unstable(feature = "assert_matches", issue = "82775")] | |
301 | #[allow_internal_unstable(assert_matches)] | |
302 | #[rustc_macro_transparency = "semitransparent"] | |
303 | pub macro debug_assert_matches($($arg:tt)*) { | |
304 | if $crate::cfg!(debug_assertions) { $crate::assert_matches::assert_matches!($($arg)*); } | |
305 | } | |
306 | ||
e74abb32 XL |
307 | /// Returns whether the given expression matches any of the given patterns. |
308 | /// | |
309 | /// Like in a `match` expression, the pattern can be optionally followed by `if` | |
310 | /// and a guard expression that has access to names bound by the pattern. | |
311 | /// | |
312 | /// # Examples | |
313 | /// | |
314 | /// ``` | |
e74abb32 XL |
315 | /// let foo = 'f'; |
316 | /// assert!(matches!(foo, 'A'..='Z' | 'a'..='z')); | |
317 | /// | |
318 | /// let bar = Some(4); | |
319 | /// assert!(matches!(bar, Some(x) if x > 2)); | |
320 | /// ``` | |
321 | #[macro_export] | |
dfeec247 | 322 | #[stable(feature = "matches_macro", since = "1.42.0")] |
e74abb32 | 323 | macro_rules! matches { |
94222f64 | 324 | ($expression:expr, $(|)? $( $pattern:pat_param )|+ $( if $guard: expr )? $(,)?) => { |
e74abb32 XL |
325 | match $expression { |
326 | $( $pattern )|+ $( if $guard )? => true, | |
327 | _ => false | |
328 | } | |
329 | } | |
330 | } | |
331 | ||
532ac7d7 | 332 | /// Unwraps a result or propagates its error. |
9e0c209e | 333 | /// |
ea8adc8c | 334 | /// The `?` operator was added to replace `try!` and should be used instead. |
0731742a XL |
335 | /// Furthermore, `try` is a reserved word in Rust 2018, so if you must use |
336 | /// it, you will need to use the [raw-identifier syntax][ris]: `r#try`. | |
337 | /// | |
338 | /// [ris]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rust-by-example/compatibility/raw_identifiers.html | |
9e0c209e | 339 | /// |
ea8adc8c | 340 | /// `try!` matches the given [`Result`]. In case of the `Ok` variant, the |
9e0c209e SL |
341 | /// expression has the value of the wrapped value. |
342 | /// | |
343 | /// In case of the `Err` variant, it retrieves the inner error. `try!` then | |
344 | /// performs conversion using `From`. This provides automatic conversion | |
345 | /// between specialized errors and more general ones. The resulting | |
346 | /// error is then immediately returned. | |
347 | /// | |
348 | /// Because of the early return, `try!` can only be used in functions that | |
ea8adc8c XL |
349 | /// return [`Result`]. |
350 | /// | |
92a42be0 SL |
351 | /// # Examples |
352 | /// | |
353 | /// ``` | |
354 | /// use std::io; | |
355 | /// use std::fs::File; | |
356 | /// use std::io::prelude::*; | |
357 | /// | |
9e0c209e SL |
358 | /// enum MyError { |
359 | /// FileWriteError | |
360 | /// } | |
361 | /// | |
362 | /// impl From<io::Error> for MyError { | |
363 | /// fn from(e: io::Error) -> MyError { | |
364 | /// MyError::FileWriteError | |
365 | /// } | |
366 | /// } | |
367 | /// | |
2c00a5a8 | 368 | /// // The preferred method of quick returning Errors |
ea8adc8c XL |
369 | /// fn write_to_file_question() -> Result<(), MyError> { |
370 | /// let mut file = File::create("my_best_friends.txt")?; | |
2c00a5a8 | 371 | /// file.write_all(b"This is a list of my best friends.")?; |
ea8adc8c XL |
372 | /// Ok(()) |
373 | /// } | |
374 | /// | |
375 | /// // The previous method of quick returning Errors | |
9e0c209e | 376 | /// fn write_to_file_using_try() -> Result<(), MyError> { |
a1dfa0c6 XL |
377 | /// let mut file = r#try!(File::create("my_best_friends.txt")); |
378 | /// r#try!(file.write_all(b"This is a list of my best friends.")); | |
92a42be0 SL |
379 | /// Ok(()) |
380 | /// } | |
ea8adc8c | 381 | /// |
92a42be0 | 382 | /// // This is equivalent to: |
9e0c209e | 383 | /// fn write_to_file_using_match() -> Result<(), MyError> { |
a1dfa0c6 | 384 | /// let mut file = r#try!(File::create("my_best_friends.txt")); |
92a42be0 | 385 | /// match file.write_all(b"This is a list of my best friends.") { |
a7813a04 | 386 | /// Ok(v) => v, |
9e0c209e | 387 | /// Err(e) => return Err(From::from(e)), |
92a42be0 | 388 | /// } |
92a42be0 SL |
389 | /// Ok(()) |
390 | /// } | |
391 | /// ``` | |
1a4d82fc | 392 | #[macro_export] |
92a42be0 | 393 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca | 394 | #[rustc_deprecated(since = "1.39.0", reason = "use the `?` operator instead")] |
83c7162d | 395 | #[doc(alias = "?")] |
a1dfa0c6 | 396 | macro_rules! r#try { |
29967ef6 | 397 | ($expr:expr $(,)?) => { |
60c5eb7d XL |
398 | match $expr { |
399 | $crate::result::Result::Ok(val) => val, | |
400 | $crate::result::Result::Err(err) => { | |
401 | return $crate::result::Result::Err($crate::convert::From::from(err)); | |
402 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 403 | } |
60c5eb7d | 404 | }; |
1a4d82fc JJ |
405 | } |
406 | ||
532ac7d7 | 407 | /// Writes formatted data into a buffer. |
b039eaaf | 408 | /// |
29967ef6 | 409 | /// This macro accepts a 'writer', a format string, and a list of arguments. Arguments will be |
cc61c64b XL |
410 | /// formatted according to the specified format string and the result will be passed to the writer. |
411 | /// The writer may be any value with a `write_fmt` method; generally this comes from an | |
1b1a35ee XL |
412 | /// implementation of either the [`fmt::Write`] or the [`io::Write`] trait. The macro |
413 | /// returns whatever the `write_fmt` method returns; commonly a [`fmt::Result`], or an | |
cc61c64b | 414 | /// [`io::Result`]. |
b039eaaf | 415 | /// |
cc61c64b | 416 | /// See [`std::fmt`] for more information on the format string syntax. |
5bcae85e | 417 | /// |
29967ef6 | 418 | /// [`std::fmt`]: ../std/fmt/index.html |
1b1a35ee XL |
419 | /// [`fmt::Write`]: crate::fmt::Write |
420 | /// [`io::Write`]: ../std/io/trait.Write.html | |
421 | /// [`fmt::Result`]: crate::fmt::Result | |
cc61c64b | 422 | /// [`io::Result`]: ../std/io/type.Result.html |
1a4d82fc | 423 | /// |
c34b1796 | 424 | /// # Examples |
1a4d82fc JJ |
425 | /// |
426 | /// ``` | |
c34b1796 | 427 | /// use std::io::Write; |
1a4d82fc | 428 | /// |
416331ca XL |
429 | /// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> { |
430 | /// let mut w = Vec::new(); | |
431 | /// write!(&mut w, "test")?; | |
432 | /// write!(&mut w, "formatted {}", "arguments")?; | |
b039eaaf | 433 | /// |
416331ca XL |
434 | /// assert_eq!(w, b"testformatted arguments"); |
435 | /// Ok(()) | |
436 | /// } | |
1a4d82fc | 437 | /// ``` |
476ff2be SL |
438 | /// |
439 | /// A module can import both `std::fmt::Write` and `std::io::Write` and call `write!` on objects | |
440 | /// implementing either, as objects do not typically implement both. However, the module must | |
441 | /// import the traits qualified so their names do not conflict: | |
442 | /// | |
443 | /// ``` | |
444 | /// use std::fmt::Write as FmtWrite; | |
445 | /// use std::io::Write as IoWrite; | |
446 | /// | |
416331ca XL |
447 | /// fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { |
448 | /// let mut s = String::new(); | |
449 | /// let mut v = Vec::new(); | |
450 | /// | |
451 | /// write!(&mut s, "{} {}", "abc", 123)?; // uses fmt::Write::write_fmt | |
452 | /// write!(&mut v, "s = {:?}", s)?; // uses io::Write::write_fmt | |
453 | /// assert_eq!(v, b"s = \"abc 123\""); | |
454 | /// Ok(()) | |
455 | /// } | |
476ff2be | 456 | /// ``` |
b7449926 | 457 | /// |
a1dfa0c6 XL |
458 | /// Note: This macro can be used in `no_std` setups as well. |
459 | /// In a `no_std` setup you are responsible for the implementation details of the components. | |
b7449926 XL |
460 | /// |
461 | /// ```no_run | |
462 | /// # extern crate core; | |
463 | /// use core::fmt::Write; | |
464 | /// | |
465 | /// struct Example; | |
466 | /// | |
467 | /// impl Write for Example { | |
468 | /// fn write_str(&mut self, _s: &str) -> core::fmt::Result { | |
469 | /// unimplemented!(); | |
470 | /// } | |
471 | /// } | |
472 | /// | |
473 | /// let mut m = Example{}; | |
474 | /// write!(&mut m, "Hello World").expect("Not written"); | |
475 | /// ``` | |
1a4d82fc | 476 | #[macro_export] |
cc61c64b | 477 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
1a4d82fc | 478 | macro_rules! write { |
e1599b0c | 479 | ($dst:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ($dst.write_fmt($crate::format_args!($($arg)*))) |
1a4d82fc JJ |
480 | } |
481 | ||
c30ab7b3 | 482 | /// Write formatted data into a buffer, with a newline appended. |
5bcae85e SL |
483 | /// |
484 | /// On all platforms, the newline is the LINE FEED character (`\n`/`U+000A`) alone | |
485 | /// (no additional CARRIAGE RETURN (`\r`/`U+000D`). | |
486 | /// | |
cc61c64b XL |
487 | /// For more information, see [`write!`]. For information on the format string syntax, see |
488 | /// [`std::fmt`]. | |
5bcae85e | 489 | /// |
5869c6ff | 490 | /// [`std::fmt`]: ../std/fmt/index.html |
b039eaaf SL |
491 | /// |
492 | /// # Examples | |
493 | /// | |
494 | /// ``` | |
416331ca | 495 | /// use std::io::{Write, Result}; |
b039eaaf | 496 | /// |
416331ca XL |
497 | /// fn main() -> Result<()> { |
498 | /// let mut w = Vec::new(); | |
499 | /// writeln!(&mut w)?; | |
500 | /// writeln!(&mut w, "test")?; | |
501 | /// writeln!(&mut w, "formatted {}", "arguments")?; | |
b039eaaf | 502 | /// |
416331ca XL |
503 | /// assert_eq!(&w[..], "\ntest\nformatted arguments\n".as_bytes()); |
504 | /// Ok(()) | |
505 | /// } | |
b039eaaf | 506 | /// ``` |
476ff2be SL |
507 | /// |
508 | /// A module can import both `std::fmt::Write` and `std::io::Write` and call `write!` on objects | |
509 | /// implementing either, as objects do not typically implement both. However, the module must | |
510 | /// import the traits qualified so their names do not conflict: | |
511 | /// | |
512 | /// ``` | |
513 | /// use std::fmt::Write as FmtWrite; | |
514 | /// use std::io::Write as IoWrite; | |
515 | /// | |
416331ca XL |
516 | /// fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { |
517 | /// let mut s = String::new(); | |
518 | /// let mut v = Vec::new(); | |
519 | /// | |
520 | /// writeln!(&mut s, "{} {}", "abc", 123)?; // uses fmt::Write::write_fmt | |
521 | /// writeln!(&mut v, "s = {:?}", s)?; // uses io::Write::write_fmt | |
522 | /// assert_eq!(v, b"s = \"abc 123\\n\"\n"); | |
523 | /// Ok(()) | |
524 | /// } | |
476ff2be | 525 | /// ``` |
1a4d82fc | 526 | #[macro_export] |
85aaf69f | 527 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
532ac7d7 | 528 | #[allow_internal_unstable(format_args_nl)] |
1a4d82fc | 529 | macro_rules! writeln { |
29967ef6 | 530 | ($dst:expr $(,)?) => ( |
48663c56 | 531 | $crate::write!($dst, "\n") |
32a655c1 | 532 | ); |
b7449926 | 533 | ($dst:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ( |
e1599b0c | 534 | $dst.write_fmt($crate::format_args_nl!($($arg)*)) |
1a4d82fc JJ |
535 | ); |
536 | } | |
537 | ||
532ac7d7 | 538 | /// Indicates unreachable code. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
539 | /// |
540 | /// This is useful any time that the compiler can't determine that some code is unreachable. For | |
541 | /// example: | |
542 | /// | |
543 | /// * Match arms with guard conditions. | |
544 | /// * Loops that dynamically terminate. | |
545 | /// * Iterators that dynamically terminate. | |
546 | /// | |
ea8adc8c | 547 | /// If the determination that the code is unreachable proves incorrect, the |
dc9dc135 XL |
548 | /// program immediately terminates with a [`panic!`]. |
549 | /// | |
550 | /// The unsafe counterpart of this macro is the [`unreachable_unchecked`] function, which | |
551 | /// will cause undefined behavior if the code is reached. | |
ea8adc8c | 552 | /// |
3dfed10e | 553 | /// [`unreachable_unchecked`]: crate::hint::unreachable_unchecked |
ea8adc8c | 554 | /// |
1a4d82fc JJ |
555 | /// # Panics |
556 | /// | |
fc512014 | 557 | /// This will always [`panic!`]. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
558 | /// |
559 | /// # Examples | |
560 | /// | |
561 | /// Match arms: | |
562 | /// | |
c34b1796 | 563 | /// ``` |
92a42be0 | 564 | /// # #[allow(dead_code)] |
c34b1796 | 565 | /// fn foo(x: Option<i32>) { |
1a4d82fc JJ |
566 | /// match x { |
567 | /// Some(n) if n >= 0 => println!("Some(Non-negative)"), | |
568 | /// Some(n) if n < 0 => println!("Some(Negative)"), | |
569 | /// Some(_) => unreachable!(), // compile error if commented out | |
570 | /// None => println!("None") | |
571 | /// } | |
572 | /// } | |
573 | /// ``` | |
574 | /// | |
575 | /// Iterators: | |
576 | /// | |
c34b1796 | 577 | /// ``` |
92a42be0 | 578 | /// # #[allow(dead_code)] |
1a4d82fc | 579 | /// fn divide_by_three(x: u32) -> u32 { // one of the poorest implementations of x/3 |
c34b1796 | 580 | /// for i in 0.. { |
1a4d82fc JJ |
581 | /// if 3*i < i { panic!("u32 overflow"); } |
582 | /// if x < 3*i { return i-1; } | |
583 | /// } | |
584 | /// unreachable!(); | |
585 | /// } | |
586 | /// ``` | |
587 | #[macro_export] | |
cc61c64b | 588 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
1a4d82fc JJ |
589 | macro_rules! unreachable { |
590 | () => ({ | |
fc512014 | 591 | $crate::panic!("internal error: entered unreachable code") |
1a4d82fc | 592 | }); |
29967ef6 | 593 | ($msg:expr $(,)?) => ({ |
48663c56 | 594 | $crate::unreachable!("{}", $msg) |
1a4d82fc JJ |
595 | }); |
596 | ($fmt:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ({ | |
fc512014 | 597 | $crate::panic!($crate::concat!("internal error: entered unreachable code: ", $fmt), $($arg)*) |
1a4d82fc JJ |
598 | }); |
599 | } | |
600 | ||
dfeec247 | 601 | /// Indicates unimplemented code by panicking with a message of "not implemented". |
e9174d1e | 602 | /// |
dfeec247 | 603 | /// This allows your code to type-check, which is useful if you are prototyping or |
17df50a5 | 604 | /// implementing a trait that requires multiple methods which you don't plan to use all of. |
e74abb32 | 605 | /// |
fc512014 | 606 | /// The difference between `unimplemented!` and [`todo!`] is that while `todo!` |
dfeec247 XL |
607 | /// conveys an intent of implementing the functionality later and the message is "not yet |
608 | /// implemented", `unimplemented!` makes no such claims. Its message is "not implemented". | |
609 | /// Also some IDEs will mark `todo!`s. | |
e9174d1e | 610 | /// |
ea8adc8c XL |
611 | /// # Panics |
612 | /// | |
fc512014 XL |
613 | /// This will always [`panic!`] because `unimplemented!` is just a shorthand for `panic!` with a |
614 | /// fixed, specific message. | |
e74abb32 XL |
615 | /// |
616 | /// Like `panic!`, this macro has a second form for displaying custom values. | |
ea8adc8c | 617 | /// |
e9174d1e SL |
618 | /// # Examples |
619 | /// | |
dfeec247 | 620 | /// Say we have a trait `Foo`: |
e9174d1e SL |
621 | /// |
622 | /// ``` | |
623 | /// trait Foo { | |
e74abb32 | 624 | /// fn bar(&self) -> u8; |
e9174d1e | 625 | /// fn baz(&self); |
e74abb32 | 626 | /// fn qux(&self) -> Result<u64, ()>; |
e9174d1e SL |
627 | /// } |
628 | /// ``` | |
629 | /// | |
dfeec247 XL |
630 | /// We want to implement `Foo` for 'MyStruct', but for some reason it only makes sense |
631 | /// to implement the `bar()` function. `baz()` and `qux()` will still need to be defined | |
e74abb32 XL |
632 | /// in our implementation of `Foo`, but we can use `unimplemented!` in their definitions |
633 | /// to allow our code to compile. | |
634 | /// | |
dfeec247 XL |
635 | /// We still want to have our program stop running if the unimplemented methods are |
636 | /// reached. | |
e9174d1e SL |
637 | /// |
638 | /// ``` | |
639 | /// # trait Foo { | |
e74abb32 | 640 | /// # fn bar(&self) -> u8; |
92a42be0 | 641 | /// # fn baz(&self); |
e74abb32 | 642 | /// # fn qux(&self) -> Result<u64, ()>; |
e9174d1e SL |
643 | /// # } |
644 | /// struct MyStruct; | |
645 | /// | |
646 | /// impl Foo for MyStruct { | |
e74abb32 XL |
647 | /// fn bar(&self) -> u8 { |
648 | /// 1 + 1 | |
e9174d1e SL |
649 | /// } |
650 | /// | |
92a42be0 | 651 | /// fn baz(&self) { |
dfeec247 XL |
652 | /// // It makes no sense to `baz` a `MyStruct`, so we have no logic here |
653 | /// // at all. | |
654 | /// // This will display "thread 'main' panicked at 'not implemented'". | |
e9174d1e SL |
655 | /// unimplemented!(); |
656 | /// } | |
e74abb32 XL |
657 | /// |
658 | /// fn qux(&self) -> Result<u64, ()> { | |
e74abb32 | 659 | /// // We have some logic here, |
dfeec247 | 660 | /// // We can add a message to unimplemented! to display our omission. |
e74abb32 | 661 | /// // This will display: |
dfeec247 XL |
662 | /// // "thread 'main' panicked at 'not implemented: MyStruct isn't quxable'". |
663 | /// unimplemented!("MyStruct isn't quxable"); | |
e74abb32 | 664 | /// } |
e9174d1e SL |
665 | /// } |
666 | /// | |
667 | /// fn main() { | |
668 | /// let s = MyStruct; | |
92a42be0 | 669 | /// s.bar(); |
e9174d1e SL |
670 | /// } |
671 | /// ``` | |
1a4d82fc | 672 | #[macro_export] |
cc61c64b | 673 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
1a4d82fc | 674 | macro_rules! unimplemented { |
fc512014 XL |
675 | () => ($crate::panic!("not implemented")); |
676 | ($($arg:tt)+) => ($crate::panic!("not implemented: {}", $crate::format_args!($($arg)+))); | |
1a4d82fc | 677 | } |
c30ab7b3 | 678 | |
532ac7d7 XL |
679 | /// Indicates unfinished code. |
680 | /// | |
681 | /// This can be useful if you are prototyping and are just looking to have your | |
e74abb32 XL |
682 | /// code typecheck. |
683 | /// | |
dfeec247 XL |
684 | /// The difference between [`unimplemented!`] and `todo!` is that while `todo!` conveys |
685 | /// an intent of implementing the functionality later and the message is "not yet | |
686 | /// implemented", `unimplemented!` makes no such claims. Its message is "not implemented". | |
687 | /// Also some IDEs will mark `todo!`s. | |
688 | /// | |
532ac7d7 XL |
689 | /// # Panics |
690 | /// | |
fc512014 | 691 | /// This will always [`panic!`]. |
532ac7d7 XL |
692 | /// |
693 | /// # Examples | |
694 | /// | |
695 | /// Here's an example of some in-progress code. We have a trait `Foo`: | |
696 | /// | |
697 | /// ``` | |
698 | /// trait Foo { | |
699 | /// fn bar(&self); | |
700 | /// fn baz(&self); | |
701 | /// } | |
702 | /// ``` | |
703 | /// | |
704 | /// We want to implement `Foo` on one of our types, but we also want to work on | |
705 | /// just `bar()` first. In order for our code to compile, we need to implement | |
706 | /// `baz()`, so we can use `todo!`: | |
707 | /// | |
708 | /// ``` | |
532ac7d7 XL |
709 | /// # trait Foo { |
710 | /// # fn bar(&self); | |
711 | /// # fn baz(&self); | |
712 | /// # } | |
713 | /// struct MyStruct; | |
714 | /// | |
715 | /// impl Foo for MyStruct { | |
716 | /// fn bar(&self) { | |
717 | /// // implementation goes here | |
718 | /// } | |
719 | /// | |
720 | /// fn baz(&self) { | |
721 | /// // let's not worry about implementing baz() for now | |
722 | /// todo!(); | |
723 | /// } | |
724 | /// } | |
725 | /// | |
726 | /// fn main() { | |
727 | /// let s = MyStruct; | |
728 | /// s.bar(); | |
729 | /// | |
dfeec247 | 730 | /// // we aren't even using baz(), so this is fine. |
532ac7d7 XL |
731 | /// } |
732 | /// ``` | |
733 | #[macro_export] | |
dfeec247 | 734 | #[stable(feature = "todo_macro", since = "1.40.0")] |
532ac7d7 | 735 | macro_rules! todo { |
fc512014 XL |
736 | () => ($crate::panic!("not yet implemented")); |
737 | ($($arg:tt)+) => ($crate::panic!("not yet implemented: {}", $crate::format_args!($($arg)+))); | |
416331ca XL |
738 | } |
739 | ||
740 | /// Definitions of built-in macros. | |
c30ab7b3 | 741 | /// |
416331ca XL |
742 | /// Most of the macro properties (stability, visibility, etc.) are taken from the source code here, |
743 | /// with exception of expansion functions transforming macro inputs into outputs, | |
744 | /// those functions are provided by the compiler. | |
416331ca | 745 | pub(crate) mod builtin { |
041b39d2 | 746 | |
532ac7d7 | 747 | /// Causes compilation to fail with the given error message when encountered. |
041b39d2 | 748 | /// |
416331ca XL |
749 | /// This macro should be used when a crate uses a conditional compilation strategy to provide |
750 | /// better error messages for erroneous conditions. It's the compiler-level form of [`panic!`], | |
751 | /// but emits an error during *compilation* rather than at *runtime*. | |
752 | /// | |
753 | /// # Examples | |
754 | /// | |
755 | /// Two such examples are macros and `#[cfg]` environments. | |
756 | /// | |
757 | /// Emit better compiler error if a macro is passed invalid values. Without the final branch, | |
758 | /// the compiler would still emit an error, but the error's message would not mention the two | |
759 | /// valid values. | |
041b39d2 | 760 | /// |
416331ca XL |
761 | /// ```compile_fail |
762 | /// macro_rules! give_me_foo_or_bar { | |
763 | /// (foo) => {}; | |
764 | /// (bar) => {}; | |
765 | /// ($x:ident) => { | |
766 | /// compile_error!("This macro only accepts `foo` or `bar`"); | |
767 | /// } | |
768 | /// } | |
769 | /// | |
770 | /// give_me_foo_or_bar!(neither); | |
771 | /// // ^ will fail at compile time with message "This macro only accepts `foo` or `bar`" | |
772 | /// ``` | |
773 | /// | |
774 | /// Emit compiler error if one of a number of features isn't available. | |
775 | /// | |
776 | /// ```compile_fail | |
777 | /// #[cfg(not(any(feature = "foo", feature = "bar")))] | |
778 | /// compile_error!("Either feature \"foo\" or \"bar\" must be enabled for this crate."); | |
779 | /// ``` | |
041b39d2 | 780 | #[stable(feature = "compile_error_macro", since = "1.20.0")] |
416331ca XL |
781 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
782 | #[macro_export] | |
0531ce1d | 783 | macro_rules! compile_error { |
29967ef6 | 784 | ($msg:expr $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
0531ce1d | 785 | } |
041b39d2 | 786 | |
532ac7d7 | 787 | /// Constructs parameters for the other string-formatting macros. |
c30ab7b3 | 788 | /// |
416331ca XL |
789 | /// This macro functions by taking a formatting string literal containing |
790 | /// `{}` for each additional argument passed. `format_args!` prepares the | |
791 | /// additional parameters to ensure the output can be interpreted as a string | |
792 | /// and canonicalizes the arguments into a single type. Any value that implements | |
793 | /// the [`Display`] trait can be passed to `format_args!`, as can any | |
794 | /// [`Debug`] implementation be passed to a `{:?}` within the formatting string. | |
795 | /// | |
796 | /// This macro produces a value of type [`fmt::Arguments`]. This value can be | |
797 | /// passed to the macros within [`std::fmt`] for performing useful redirection. | |
798 | /// All other formatting macros ([`format!`], [`write!`], [`println!`], etc) are | |
799 | /// proxied through this one. `format_args!`, unlike its derived macros, avoids | |
800 | /// heap allocations. | |
801 | /// | |
802 | /// You can use the [`fmt::Arguments`] value that `format_args!` returns | |
803 | /// in `Debug` and `Display` contexts as seen below. The example also shows | |
804 | /// that `Debug` and `Display` format to the same thing: the interpolated | |
805 | /// format string in `format_args!`. | |
806 | /// | |
807 | /// ```rust | |
808 | /// let debug = format!("{:?}", format_args!("{} foo {:?}", 1, 2)); | |
809 | /// let display = format!("{}", format_args!("{} foo {:?}", 1, 2)); | |
810 | /// assert_eq!("1 foo 2", display); | |
811 | /// assert_eq!(display, debug); | |
812 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 813 | /// |
416331ca XL |
814 | /// For more information, see the documentation in [`std::fmt`]. |
815 | /// | |
3dfed10e XL |
816 | /// [`Display`]: crate::fmt::Display |
817 | /// [`Debug`]: crate::fmt::Debug | |
818 | /// [`fmt::Arguments`]: crate::fmt::Arguments | |
5869c6ff | 819 | /// [`std::fmt`]: ../std/fmt/index.html |
416331ca | 820 | /// [`format!`]: ../std/macro.format.html |
416331ca XL |
821 | /// [`println!`]: ../std/macro.println.html |
822 | /// | |
823 | /// # Examples | |
824 | /// | |
825 | /// ``` | |
826 | /// use std::fmt; | |
827 | /// | |
828 | /// let s = fmt::format(format_args!("hello {}", "world")); | |
829 | /// assert_eq!(s, format!("hello {}", "world")); | |
830 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 831 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
94222f64 | 832 | #[allow_internal_unsafe] |
416331ca XL |
833 | #[allow_internal_unstable(fmt_internals)] |
834 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
835 | #[macro_export] | |
ff7c6d11 | 836 | macro_rules! format_args { |
60c5eb7d XL |
837 | ($fmt:expr) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
838 | ($fmt:expr, $($args:tt)*) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; | |
416331ca XL |
839 | } |
840 | ||
94222f64 XL |
841 | /// Same as `format_args`, but can be used in some const contexts. |
842 | /// | |
843 | /// This macro is used by the panic macros for the `const_panic` feature. | |
844 | /// | |
845 | /// This macro will be removed once `format_args` is allowed in const contexts. | |
846 | #[cfg(not(bootstrap))] | |
847 | #[unstable(feature = "const_format_args", issue = "none")] | |
848 | #[allow_internal_unstable(fmt_internals, const_fmt_arguments_new)] | |
849 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
850 | #[macro_export] | |
851 | macro_rules! const_format_args { | |
852 | ($fmt:expr) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; | |
853 | ($fmt:expr, $($args:tt)*) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; | |
854 | } | |
855 | ||
856 | /// Same as `format_args`, but can be used in some const contexts. | |
857 | #[cfg(bootstrap)] | |
858 | #[unstable(feature = "const_format_args", issue = "none")] | |
859 | #[macro_export] | |
860 | macro_rules! const_format_args { | |
861 | ($($t:tt)*) => { | |
862 | $crate::format_args!($($t)*) | |
863 | } | |
864 | } | |
865 | ||
416331ca | 866 | /// Same as `format_args`, but adds a newline in the end. |
60c5eb7d XL |
867 | #[unstable( |
868 | feature = "format_args_nl", | |
dfeec247 | 869 | issue = "none", |
60c5eb7d XL |
870 | reason = "`format_args_nl` is only for internal \ |
871 | language use and is subject to change" | |
872 | )] | |
416331ca | 873 | #[allow_internal_unstable(fmt_internals)] |
94222f64 | 874 | #[doc(hidden)] |
416331ca XL |
875 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
876 | #[macro_export] | |
416331ca | 877 | macro_rules! format_args_nl { |
60c5eb7d XL |
878 | ($fmt:expr) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
879 | ($fmt:expr, $($args:tt)*) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; | |
ff7c6d11 | 880 | } |
c30ab7b3 | 881 | |
532ac7d7 | 882 | /// Inspects an environment variable at compile time. |
c30ab7b3 | 883 | /// |
416331ca XL |
884 | /// This macro will expand to the value of the named environment variable at |
885 | /// compile time, yielding an expression of type `&'static str`. | |
886 | /// | |
887 | /// If the environment variable is not defined, then a compilation error | |
888 | /// will be emitted. To not emit a compile error, use the [`option_env!`] | |
889 | /// macro instead. | |
c30ab7b3 | 890 | /// |
416331ca XL |
891 | /// # Examples |
892 | /// | |
893 | /// ``` | |
894 | /// let path: &'static str = env!("PATH"); | |
895 | /// println!("the $PATH variable at the time of compiling was: {}", path); | |
896 | /// ``` | |
897 | /// | |
898 | /// You can customize the error message by passing a string as the second | |
899 | /// parameter: | |
900 | /// | |
901 | /// ```compile_fail | |
902 | /// let doc: &'static str = env!("documentation", "what's that?!"); | |
903 | /// ``` | |
904 | /// | |
905 | /// If the `documentation` environment variable is not defined, you'll get | |
906 | /// the following error: | |
907 | /// | |
908 | /// ```text | |
909 | /// error: what's that?! | |
910 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 911 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
912 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
913 | #[macro_export] | |
ff7c6d11 | 914 | macro_rules! env { |
29967ef6 | 915 | ($name:expr $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
6a06907d | 916 | ($name:expr, $error_msg:expr $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
ff7c6d11 | 917 | } |
c30ab7b3 | 918 | |
532ac7d7 | 919 | /// Optionally inspects an environment variable at compile time. |
c30ab7b3 | 920 | /// |
416331ca XL |
921 | /// If the named environment variable is present at compile time, this will |
922 | /// expand into an expression of type `Option<&'static str>` whose value is | |
923 | /// `Some` of the value of the environment variable. If the environment | |
924 | /// variable is not present, then this will expand to `None`. See | |
3dfed10e | 925 | /// [`Option<T>`][Option] for more information on this type. |
416331ca XL |
926 | /// |
927 | /// A compile time error is never emitted when using this macro regardless | |
928 | /// of whether the environment variable is present or not. | |
c30ab7b3 | 929 | /// |
416331ca XL |
930 | /// # Examples |
931 | /// | |
932 | /// ``` | |
933 | /// let key: Option<&'static str> = option_env!("SECRET_KEY"); | |
934 | /// println!("the secret key might be: {:?}", key); | |
935 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 936 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
937 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
938 | #[macro_export] | |
0531ce1d | 939 | macro_rules! option_env { |
29967ef6 | 940 | ($name:expr $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
0531ce1d | 941 | } |
c30ab7b3 | 942 | |
532ac7d7 | 943 | /// Concatenates identifiers into one identifier. |
c30ab7b3 | 944 | /// |
416331ca XL |
945 | /// This macro takes any number of comma-separated identifiers, and |
946 | /// concatenates them all into one, yielding an expression which is a new | |
947 | /// identifier. Note that hygiene makes it such that this macro cannot | |
948 | /// capture local variables. Also, as a general rule, macros are only | |
949 | /// allowed in item, statement or expression position. That means while | |
950 | /// you may use this macro for referring to existing variables, functions or | |
951 | /// modules etc, you cannot define a new one with it. | |
952 | /// | |
953 | /// # Examples | |
954 | /// | |
955 | /// ``` | |
956 | /// #![feature(concat_idents)] | |
c30ab7b3 | 957 | /// |
416331ca XL |
958 | /// # fn main() { |
959 | /// fn foobar() -> u32 { 23 } | |
960 | /// | |
961 | /// let f = concat_idents!(foo, bar); | |
962 | /// println!("{}", f()); | |
963 | /// | |
964 | /// // fn concat_idents!(new, fun, name) { } // not usable in this way! | |
965 | /// # } | |
966 | /// ``` | |
60c5eb7d XL |
967 | #[unstable( |
968 | feature = "concat_idents", | |
969 | issue = "29599", | |
970 | reason = "`concat_idents` is not stable enough for use and is subject to change" | |
971 | )] | |
416331ca XL |
972 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
973 | #[macro_export] | |
c30ab7b3 | 974 | macro_rules! concat_idents { |
29967ef6 | 975 | ($($e:ident),+ $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
c30ab7b3 SL |
976 | } |
977 | ||
978 | /// Concatenates literals into a static string slice. | |
979 | /// | |
416331ca XL |
980 | /// This macro takes any number of comma-separated literals, yielding an |
981 | /// expression of type `&'static str` which represents all of the literals | |
982 | /// concatenated left-to-right. | |
983 | /// | |
984 | /// Integer and floating point literals are stringified in order to be | |
985 | /// concatenated. | |
c30ab7b3 | 986 | /// |
416331ca XL |
987 | /// # Examples |
988 | /// | |
989 | /// ``` | |
990 | /// let s = concat!("test", 10, 'b', true); | |
991 | /// assert_eq!(s, "test10btrue"); | |
992 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 993 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
994 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
995 | #[macro_export] | |
ff7c6d11 | 996 | macro_rules! concat { |
29967ef6 | 997 | ($($e:expr),* $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
ff7c6d11 | 998 | } |
c30ab7b3 | 999 | |
532ac7d7 | 1000 | /// Expands to the line number on which it was invoked. |
c30ab7b3 | 1001 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1002 | /// With [`column!`] and [`file!`], these macros provide debugging information for |
1003 | /// developers about the location within the source. | |
1004 | /// | |
1005 | /// The expanded expression has type `u32` and is 1-based, so the first line | |
1006 | /// in each file evaluates to 1, the second to 2, etc. This is consistent | |
1007 | /// with error messages by common compilers or popular editors. | |
1008 | /// The returned line is *not necessarily* the line of the `line!` invocation itself, | |
1009 | /// but rather the first macro invocation leading up to the invocation | |
1010 | /// of the `line!` macro. | |
1011 | /// | |
416331ca | 1012 | /// # Examples |
c30ab7b3 | 1013 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1014 | /// ``` |
1015 | /// let current_line = line!(); | |
1016 | /// println!("defined on line: {}", current_line); | |
1017 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 1018 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1019 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1020 | #[macro_export] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1021 | macro_rules! line { |
1022 | () => { | |
1023 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1024 | }; | |
1025 | } | |
c30ab7b3 | 1026 | |
416331ca XL |
1027 | /// Expands to the column number at which it was invoked. |
1028 | /// | |
1029 | /// With [`line!`] and [`file!`], these macros provide debugging information for | |
1030 | /// developers about the location within the source. | |
1031 | /// | |
1032 | /// The expanded expression has type `u32` and is 1-based, so the first column | |
1033 | /// in each line evaluates to 1, the second to 2, etc. This is consistent | |
1034 | /// with error messages by common compilers or popular editors. | |
1035 | /// The returned column is *not necessarily* the line of the `column!` invocation itself, | |
1036 | /// but rather the first macro invocation leading up to the invocation | |
1037 | /// of the `column!` macro. | |
1038 | /// | |
416331ca | 1039 | /// # Examples |
c30ab7b3 | 1040 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1041 | /// ``` |
1042 | /// let current_col = column!(); | |
1043 | /// println!("defined on column: {}", current_col); | |
1044 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 1045 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1046 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1047 | #[macro_export] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1048 | macro_rules! column { |
1049 | () => { | |
1050 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1051 | }; | |
1052 | } | |
c30ab7b3 | 1053 | |
416331ca XL |
1054 | /// Expands to the file name in which it was invoked. |
1055 | /// | |
1056 | /// With [`line!`] and [`column!`], these macros provide debugging information for | |
1057 | /// developers about the location within the source. | |
1058 | /// | |
416331ca XL |
1059 | /// The expanded expression has type `&'static str`, and the returned file |
1060 | /// is not the invocation of the `file!` macro itself, but rather the | |
1061 | /// first macro invocation leading up to the invocation of the `file!` | |
1062 | /// macro. | |
c30ab7b3 | 1063 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1064 | /// # Examples |
1065 | /// | |
1066 | /// ``` | |
1067 | /// let this_file = file!(); | |
1068 | /// println!("defined in file: {}", this_file); | |
1069 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 1070 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1071 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1072 | #[macro_export] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1073 | macro_rules! file { |
1074 | () => { | |
1075 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1076 | }; | |
1077 | } | |
c30ab7b3 | 1078 | |
532ac7d7 | 1079 | /// Stringifies its arguments. |
c30ab7b3 | 1080 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1081 | /// This macro will yield an expression of type `&'static str` which is the |
1082 | /// stringification of all the tokens passed to the macro. No restrictions | |
1083 | /// are placed on the syntax of the macro invocation itself. | |
1084 | /// | |
1085 | /// Note that the expanded results of the input tokens may change in the | |
1086 | /// future. You should be careful if you rely on the output. | |
c30ab7b3 | 1087 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1088 | /// # Examples |
1089 | /// | |
1090 | /// ``` | |
1091 | /// let one_plus_one = stringify!(1 + 1); | |
1092 | /// assert_eq!(one_plus_one, "1 + 1"); | |
1093 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 1094 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1095 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1096 | #[macro_export] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1097 | macro_rules! stringify { |
1098 | ($($t:tt)*) => { | |
1099 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1100 | }; | |
1101 | } | |
c30ab7b3 | 1102 | |
3dfed10e | 1103 | /// Includes a UTF-8 encoded file as a string. |
c30ab7b3 | 1104 | /// |
ba9703b0 XL |
1105 | /// The file is located relative to the current file (similarly to how |
1106 | /// modules are found). The provided path is interpreted in a platform-specific | |
1107 | /// way at compile time. So, for instance, an invocation with a Windows path | |
1108 | /// containing backslashes `\` would not compile correctly on Unix. | |
416331ca XL |
1109 | /// |
1110 | /// This macro will yield an expression of type `&'static str` which is the | |
1111 | /// contents of the file. | |
c30ab7b3 | 1112 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1113 | /// # Examples |
1114 | /// | |
1115 | /// Assume there are two files in the same directory with the following | |
1116 | /// contents: | |
1117 | /// | |
1118 | /// File 'spanish.in': | |
1119 | /// | |
1120 | /// ```text | |
1121 | /// adiós | |
1122 | /// ``` | |
1123 | /// | |
1124 | /// File 'main.rs': | |
1125 | /// | |
1126 | /// ```ignore (cannot-doctest-external-file-dependency) | |
1127 | /// fn main() { | |
1128 | /// let my_str = include_str!("spanish.in"); | |
1129 | /// assert_eq!(my_str, "adiós\n"); | |
1130 | /// print!("{}", my_str); | |
1131 | /// } | |
1132 | /// ``` | |
1133 | /// | |
1134 | /// Compiling 'main.rs' and running the resulting binary will print "adiós". | |
c30ab7b3 | 1135 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1136 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1137 | #[macro_export] | |
0531ce1d | 1138 | macro_rules! include_str { |
29967ef6 | 1139 | ($file:expr $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
0531ce1d | 1140 | } |
c30ab7b3 SL |
1141 | |
1142 | /// Includes a file as a reference to a byte array. | |
1143 | /// | |
ba9703b0 XL |
1144 | /// The file is located relative to the current file (similarly to how |
1145 | /// modules are found). The provided path is interpreted in a platform-specific | |
1146 | /// way at compile time. So, for instance, an invocation with a Windows path | |
1147 | /// containing backslashes `\` would not compile correctly on Unix. | |
416331ca XL |
1148 | /// |
1149 | /// This macro will yield an expression of type `&'static [u8; N]` which is | |
1150 | /// the contents of the file. | |
c30ab7b3 | 1151 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1152 | /// # Examples |
1153 | /// | |
1154 | /// Assume there are two files in the same directory with the following | |
1155 | /// contents: | |
1156 | /// | |
1157 | /// File 'spanish.in': | |
1158 | /// | |
1159 | /// ```text | |
1160 | /// adiós | |
1161 | /// ``` | |
1162 | /// | |
1163 | /// File 'main.rs': | |
1164 | /// | |
1165 | /// ```ignore (cannot-doctest-external-file-dependency) | |
1166 | /// fn main() { | |
1167 | /// let bytes = include_bytes!("spanish.in"); | |
1168 | /// assert_eq!(bytes, b"adi\xc3\xb3s\n"); | |
1169 | /// print!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes)); | |
1170 | /// } | |
1171 | /// ``` | |
1172 | /// | |
1173 | /// Compiling 'main.rs' and running the resulting binary will print "adiós". | |
c30ab7b3 | 1174 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1175 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1176 | #[macro_export] | |
0531ce1d | 1177 | macro_rules! include_bytes { |
29967ef6 | 1178 | ($file:expr $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
0531ce1d | 1179 | } |
c30ab7b3 SL |
1180 | |
1181 | /// Expands to a string that represents the current module path. | |
1182 | /// | |
416331ca XL |
1183 | /// The current module path can be thought of as the hierarchy of modules |
1184 | /// leading back up to the crate root. The first component of the path | |
1185 | /// returned is the name of the crate currently being compiled. | |
1186 | /// | |
1187 | /// # Examples | |
1188 | /// | |
1189 | /// ``` | |
1190 | /// mod test { | |
1191 | /// pub fn foo() { | |
1192 | /// assert!(module_path!().ends_with("test")); | |
1193 | /// } | |
1194 | /// } | |
c30ab7b3 | 1195 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1196 | /// test::foo(); |
1197 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 1198 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1199 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1200 | #[macro_export] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1201 | macro_rules! module_path { |
1202 | () => { | |
1203 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1204 | }; | |
1205 | } | |
c30ab7b3 | 1206 | |
416331ca | 1207 | /// Evaluates boolean combinations of configuration flags at compile-time. |
c30ab7b3 | 1208 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1209 | /// In addition to the `#[cfg]` attribute, this macro is provided to allow |
1210 | /// boolean expression evaluation of configuration flags. This frequently | |
1211 | /// leads to less duplicated code. | |
c30ab7b3 | 1212 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1213 | /// The syntax given to this macro is the same syntax as the [`cfg`] |
1214 | /// attribute. | |
1215 | /// | |
f9f354fc XL |
1216 | /// `cfg!`, unlike `#[cfg]`, does not remove any code and only evaluates to true or false. For |
1217 | /// example, all blocks in an if/else expression need to be valid when `cfg!` is used for | |
1218 | /// the condition, regardless of what `cfg!` is evaluating. | |
1219 | /// | |
416331ca XL |
1220 | /// [`cfg`]: ../reference/conditional-compilation.html#the-cfg-attribute |
1221 | /// | |
1222 | /// # Examples | |
1223 | /// | |
1224 | /// ``` | |
1225 | /// let my_directory = if cfg!(windows) { | |
1226 | /// "windows-specific-directory" | |
1227 | /// } else { | |
1228 | /// "unix-directory" | |
1229 | /// }; | |
1230 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 | 1231 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1232 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1233 | #[macro_export] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1234 | macro_rules! cfg { |
1235 | ($($cfg:tt)*) => { | |
1236 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1237 | }; | |
1238 | } | |
c30ab7b3 | 1239 | |
532ac7d7 | 1240 | /// Parses a file as an expression or an item according to the context. |
c30ab7b3 | 1241 | /// |
416331ca | 1242 | /// The file is located relative to the current file (similarly to how |
ba9703b0 XL |
1243 | /// modules are found). The provided path is interpreted in a platform-specific |
1244 | /// way at compile time. So, for instance, an invocation with a Windows path | |
1245 | /// containing backslashes `\` would not compile correctly on Unix. | |
416331ca XL |
1246 | /// |
1247 | /// Using this macro is often a bad idea, because if the file is | |
1248 | /// parsed as an expression, it is going to be placed in the | |
1249 | /// surrounding code unhygienically. This could result in variables | |
1250 | /// or functions being different from what the file expected if | |
1251 | /// there are variables or functions that have the same name in | |
1252 | /// the current file. | |
1253 | /// | |
1254 | /// # Examples | |
1255 | /// | |
1256 | /// Assume there are two files in the same directory with the following | |
1257 | /// contents: | |
1258 | /// | |
1259 | /// File 'monkeys.in': | |
c30ab7b3 | 1260 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1261 | /// ```ignore (only-for-syntax-highlight) |
1262 | /// ['🙈', '🙊', '🙉'] | |
1263 | /// .iter() | |
1264 | /// .cycle() | |
1265 | /// .take(6) | |
1266 | /// .collect::<String>() | |
1267 | /// ``` | |
1268 | /// | |
1269 | /// File 'main.rs': | |
1270 | /// | |
1271 | /// ```ignore (cannot-doctest-external-file-dependency) | |
1272 | /// fn main() { | |
1273 | /// let my_string = include!("monkeys.in"); | |
1274 | /// assert_eq!("🙈🙊🙉🙈🙊🙉", my_string); | |
1275 | /// println!("{}", my_string); | |
1276 | /// } | |
1277 | /// ``` | |
1278 | /// | |
1279 | /// Compiling 'main.rs' and running the resulting binary will print | |
1280 | /// "🙈🙊🙉🙈🙊🙉". | |
c30ab7b3 | 1281 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1282 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1283 | #[macro_export] | |
0531ce1d | 1284 | macro_rules! include { |
29967ef6 | 1285 | ($file:expr $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
0531ce1d XL |
1286 | } |
1287 | ||
532ac7d7 | 1288 | /// Asserts that a boolean expression is `true` at runtime. |
0531ce1d | 1289 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1290 | /// This will invoke the [`panic!`] macro if the provided expression cannot be |
1291 | /// evaluated to `true` at runtime. | |
1292 | /// | |
1293 | /// # Uses | |
1294 | /// | |
1295 | /// Assertions are always checked in both debug and release builds, and cannot | |
1296 | /// be disabled. See [`debug_assert!`] for assertions that are not enabled in | |
1297 | /// release builds by default. | |
1298 | /// | |
f9f354fc | 1299 | /// Unsafe code may rely on `assert!` to enforce run-time invariants that, if |
416331ca XL |
1300 | /// violated could lead to unsafety. |
1301 | /// | |
1302 | /// Other use-cases of `assert!` include testing and enforcing run-time | |
1303 | /// invariants in safe code (whose violation cannot result in unsafety). | |
1304 | /// | |
1305 | /// # Custom Messages | |
1306 | /// | |
1307 | /// This macro has a second form, where a custom panic message can | |
1308 | /// be provided with or without arguments for formatting. See [`std::fmt`] | |
6a06907d XL |
1309 | /// for syntax for this form. Expressions used as format arguments will only |
1310 | /// be evaluated if the assertion fails. | |
416331ca | 1311 | /// |
5869c6ff | 1312 | /// [`std::fmt`]: ../std/fmt/index.html |
416331ca XL |
1313 | /// |
1314 | /// # Examples | |
1315 | /// | |
1316 | /// ``` | |
1317 | /// // the panic message for these assertions is the stringified value of the | |
1318 | /// // expression given. | |
1319 | /// assert!(true); | |
1320 | /// | |
1321 | /// fn some_computation() -> bool { true } // a very simple function | |
1322 | /// | |
1323 | /// assert!(some_computation()); | |
1324 | /// | |
1325 | /// // assert with a custom message | |
1326 | /// let x = true; | |
1327 | /// assert!(x, "x wasn't true!"); | |
0531ce1d | 1328 | /// |
416331ca XL |
1329 | /// let a = 3; let b = 27; |
1330 | /// assert!(a + b == 30, "a = {}, b = {}", a, b); | |
1331 | /// ``` | |
0531ce1d | 1332 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
416331ca XL |
1333 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1334 | #[macro_export] | |
5869c6ff XL |
1335 | #[rustc_diagnostic_item = "assert_macro"] |
1336 | #[allow_internal_unstable(core_panic, edition_panic)] | |
0531ce1d | 1337 | macro_rules! assert { |
29967ef6 | 1338 | ($cond:expr $(,)?) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
60c5eb7d | 1339 | ($cond:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
0531ce1d | 1340 | } |
416331ca | 1341 | |
f9f354fc | 1342 | /// LLVM-style inline assembly. |
ba9703b0 XL |
1343 | /// |
1344 | /// Read the [unstable book] for the usage. | |
1345 | /// | |
f9f354fc | 1346 | /// [unstable book]: ../unstable-book/library-features/llvm-asm.html |
ba9703b0 XL |
1347 | #[unstable( |
1348 | feature = "llvm_asm", | |
1349 | issue = "70173", | |
f9f354fc | 1350 | reason = "prefer using the new asm! syntax instead" |
ba9703b0 | 1351 | )] |
94222f64 XL |
1352 | #[rustc_deprecated( |
1353 | since = "1.56", | |
1354 | reason = "will be removed from the compiler, use asm! instead" | |
1355 | )] | |
ba9703b0 XL |
1356 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1357 | #[macro_export] | |
1358 | macro_rules! llvm_asm { | |
1359 | ("assembly template" | |
1360 | : $("output"(operand),)* | |
1361 | : $("input"(operand),)* | |
1362 | : $("clobbers",)* | |
1363 | : $("options",)*) => { | |
1364 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1365 | }; | |
1366 | } | |
1367 | ||
416331ca | 1368 | /// Prints passed tokens into the standard output. |
60c5eb7d XL |
1369 | #[unstable( |
1370 | feature = "log_syntax", | |
1371 | issue = "29598", | |
1372 | reason = "`log_syntax!` is not stable enough for use and is subject to change" | |
1373 | )] | |
416331ca XL |
1374 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1375 | #[macro_export] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1376 | macro_rules! log_syntax { |
1377 | ($($arg:tt)*) => { | |
1378 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1379 | }; | |
1380 | } | |
416331ca XL |
1381 | |
1382 | /// Enables or disables tracing functionality used for debugging other macros. | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1383 | #[unstable( |
1384 | feature = "trace_macros", | |
1385 | issue = "29598", | |
1386 | reason = "`trace_macros` is not stable enough for use and is subject to change" | |
1387 | )] | |
416331ca XL |
1388 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] |
1389 | #[macro_export] | |
1390 | macro_rules! trace_macros { | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1391 | (true) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; |
1392 | (false) => {{ /* compiler built-in */ }}; | |
416331ca XL |
1393 | } |
1394 | ||
6a06907d | 1395 | /// Attribute macro used to apply derive macros. |
6a06907d XL |
1396 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
1397 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
1398 | pub macro derive($item:item) { | |
1399 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1400 | } | |
1401 | ||
416331ca XL |
1402 | /// Attribute macro applied to a function to turn it into a unit test. |
1403 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] | |
1404 | #[allow_internal_unstable(test, rustc_attrs)] | |
1405 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1406 | pub macro test($item:item) { |
1407 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1408 | } | |
416331ca XL |
1409 | |
1410 | /// Attribute macro applied to a function to turn it into a benchmark test. | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1411 | #[unstable( |
1412 | feature = "test", | |
1413 | issue = "50297", | |
1414 | soft, | |
1415 | reason = "`bench` is a part of custom test frameworks which are unstable" | |
1416 | )] | |
416331ca XL |
1417 | #[allow_internal_unstable(test, rustc_attrs)] |
1418 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1419 | pub macro bench($item:item) { |
1420 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1421 | } | |
416331ca XL |
1422 | |
1423 | /// An implementation detail of the `#[test]` and `#[bench]` macros. | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1424 | #[unstable( |
1425 | feature = "custom_test_frameworks", | |
1426 | issue = "50297", | |
1427 | reason = "custom test frameworks are an unstable feature" | |
1428 | )] | |
416331ca XL |
1429 | #[allow_internal_unstable(test, rustc_attrs)] |
1430 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1431 | pub macro test_case($item:item) { |
1432 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1433 | } | |
416331ca XL |
1434 | |
1435 | /// Attribute macro applied to a static to register it as a global allocator. | |
29967ef6 XL |
1436 | /// |
1437 | /// See also [`std::alloc::GlobalAlloc`](../std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html). | |
416331ca XL |
1438 | #[stable(feature = "global_allocator", since = "1.28.0")] |
1439 | #[allow_internal_unstable(rustc_attrs)] | |
1440 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1441 | pub macro global_allocator($item:item) { |
1442 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1443 | } | |
416331ca | 1444 | |
ba9703b0 | 1445 | /// Keeps the item it's applied to if the passed path is accessible, and removes it otherwise. |
ba9703b0 XL |
1446 | #[unstable( |
1447 | feature = "cfg_accessible", | |
1448 | issue = "64797", | |
1449 | reason = "`cfg_accessible` is not fully implemented" | |
1450 | )] | |
1451 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
1452 | pub macro cfg_accessible($item:item) { | |
1453 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1454 | } | |
1455 | ||
6a06907d | 1456 | /// Expands all `#[cfg]` and `#[cfg_attr]` attributes in the code fragment it's applied to. |
6a06907d XL |
1457 | #[unstable( |
1458 | feature = "cfg_eval", | |
1459 | issue = "82679", | |
1460 | reason = "`cfg_eval` is a recently implemented feature" | |
1461 | )] | |
1462 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
1463 | pub macro cfg_eval($($tt:tt)*) { | |
1464 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1465 | } | |
1466 | ||
416331ca XL |
1467 | /// Unstable implementation detail of the `rustc` compiler, do not use. |
1468 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
416331ca XL |
1469 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
1470 | #[allow_internal_unstable(core_intrinsics, libstd_sys_internals)] | |
6a06907d XL |
1471 | #[rustc_deprecated( |
1472 | since = "1.52.0", | |
1473 | reason = "rustc-serialize is deprecated and no longer supported" | |
1474 | )] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1475 | pub macro RustcDecodable($item:item) { |
1476 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1477 | } | |
416331ca XL |
1478 | |
1479 | /// Unstable implementation detail of the `rustc` compiler, do not use. | |
1480 | #[rustc_builtin_macro] | |
416331ca XL |
1481 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
1482 | #[allow_internal_unstable(core_intrinsics)] | |
6a06907d XL |
1483 | #[rustc_deprecated( |
1484 | since = "1.52.0", | |
1485 | reason = "rustc-serialize is deprecated and no longer supported" | |
1486 | )] | |
60c5eb7d XL |
1487 | pub macro RustcEncodable($item:item) { |
1488 | /* compiler built-in */ | |
1489 | } | |
c30ab7b3 | 1490 | } |