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1config SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
2 def_bool y
a8826eeb 3 depends on ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
e1785e85 4
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5choice
6 prompt "Memory model"
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7 depends on SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
8 default DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_DEFAULT
d41dee36 9 default SPARSEMEM_MANUAL if ARCH_SPARSEMEM_DEFAULT
e1785e85 10 default FLATMEM_MANUAL
3a9da765 11
e1785e85 12config FLATMEM_MANUAL
3a9da765 13 bool "Flat Memory"
c898ec16 14 depends on !(ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE || ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || ARCH_FLATMEM_ENABLE
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15 help
16 This option allows you to change some of the ways that
17 Linux manages its memory internally. Most users will
18 only have one option here: FLATMEM. This is normal
19 and a correct option.
20
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21 Some users of more advanced features like NUMA and
22 memory hotplug may have different options here.
18f65332 23 DISCONTIGMEM is a more mature, better tested system,
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24 but is incompatible with memory hotplug and may suffer
25 decreased performance over SPARSEMEM. If unsure between
26 "Sparse Memory" and "Discontiguous Memory", choose
27 "Discontiguous Memory".
28
29 If unsure, choose this option (Flat Memory) over any other.
3a9da765 30
e1785e85 31config DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
f3519f91 32 bool "Discontiguous Memory"
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33 depends on ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE
34 help
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35 This option provides enhanced support for discontiguous
36 memory systems, over FLATMEM. These systems have holes
37 in their physical address spaces, and this option provides
38 more efficient handling of these holes. However, the vast
39 majority of hardware has quite flat address spaces, and
ad3d0a38 40 can have degraded performance from the extra overhead that
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41 this option imposes.
42
43 Many NUMA configurations will have this as the only option.
44
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45 If unsure, choose "Flat Memory" over this option.
46
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47config SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
48 bool "Sparse Memory"
49 depends on ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE
50 help
51 This will be the only option for some systems, including
52 memory hotplug systems. This is normal.
53
54 For many other systems, this will be an alternative to
f3519f91 55 "Discontiguous Memory". This option provides some potential
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56 performance benefits, along with decreased code complexity,
57 but it is newer, and more experimental.
58
59 If unsure, choose "Discontiguous Memory" or "Flat Memory"
60 over this option.
61
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62endchoice
63
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64config DISCONTIGMEM
65 def_bool y
66 depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE) || DISCONTIGMEM_MANUAL
67
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68config SPARSEMEM
69 def_bool y
1a83e175 70 depends on (!SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL && ARCH_SPARSEMEM_ENABLE) || SPARSEMEM_MANUAL
d41dee36 71
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72config FLATMEM
73 def_bool y
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74 depends on (!DISCONTIGMEM && !SPARSEMEM) || FLATMEM_MANUAL
75
76config FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP
77 def_bool y
78 depends on !SPARSEMEM
e1785e85 79
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80#
81# Both the NUMA code and DISCONTIGMEM use arrays of pg_data_t's
82# to represent different areas of memory. This variable allows
83# those dependencies to exist individually.
84#
85config NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
86 def_bool y
87 depends on DISCONTIGMEM || NUMA
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88
89config HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT
90 def_bool y
d41dee36 91 depends on ARCH_HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT || SPARSEMEM
802f192e 92
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93#
94# SPARSEMEM_EXTREME (which is the default) does some bootmem
84eb8d06 95# allocations when memory_present() is called. If this cannot
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96# be done on your architecture, select this option. However,
97# statically allocating the mem_section[] array can potentially
98# consume vast quantities of .bss, so be careful.
99#
100# This option will also potentially produce smaller runtime code
101# with gcc 3.4 and later.
102#
103config SPARSEMEM_STATIC
9ba16087 104 bool
3e347261 105
802f192e 106#
44c09201 107# Architecture platforms which require a two level mem_section in SPARSEMEM
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108# must select this option. This is usually for architecture platforms with
109# an extremely sparse physical address space.
110#
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111config SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
112 def_bool y
113 depends on SPARSEMEM && !SPARSEMEM_STATIC
4c21e2f2 114
29c71111 115config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
9ba16087 116 bool
29c71111 117
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118config SPARSEMEM_ALLOC_MEM_MAP_TOGETHER
119 def_bool y
120 depends on SPARSEMEM && X86_64
121
29c71111 122config SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
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123 bool "Sparse Memory virtual memmap"
124 depends on SPARSEMEM && SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP_ENABLE
125 default y
126 help
127 SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP uses a virtually mapped memmap to optimise
128 pfn_to_page and page_to_pfn operations. This is the most
129 efficient option when sufficient kernel resources are available.
29c71111 130
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131config HAVE_MEMBLOCK
132 boolean
133
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134config HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP
135 boolean
136
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137config HAVE_MEMBLOCK_PHYS_MAP
138 boolean
139
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140config ARCH_DISCARD_MEMBLOCK
141 boolean
142
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143config NO_BOOTMEM
144 boolean
145
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146config MEMORY_ISOLATION
147 boolean
148
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149config MOVABLE_NODE
150 boolean "Enable to assign a node which has only movable memory"
151 depends on HAVE_MEMBLOCK
152 depends on NO_BOOTMEM
153 depends on X86_64
154 depends on NUMA
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155 default n
156 help
157 Allow a node to have only movable memory. Pages used by the kernel,
158 such as direct mapping pages cannot be migrated. So the corresponding
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159 memory device cannot be hotplugged. This option allows the following
160 two things:
161 - When the system is booting, node full of hotpluggable memory can
162 be arranged to have only movable memory so that the whole node can
163 be hot-removed. (need movable_node boot option specified).
164 - After the system is up, the option allows users to online all the
165 memory of a node as movable memory so that the whole node can be
166 hot-removed.
167
168 Users who don't use the memory hotplug feature are fine with this
169 option on since they don't specify movable_node boot option or they
170 don't online memory as movable.
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171
172 Say Y here if you want to hotplug a whole node.
173 Say N here if you want kernel to use memory on all nodes evenly.
20b2f52b 174
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175#
176# Only be set on architectures that have completely implemented memory hotplug
177# feature. If you are not sure, don't touch it.
178#
179config HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE
180 def_bool n
181
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182# eventually, we can have this option just 'select SPARSEMEM'
183config MEMORY_HOTPLUG
184 bool "Allow for memory hot-add"
ec69acbb 185 depends on SPARSEMEM || X86_64_ACPI_NUMA
40b31360 186 depends on ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
ed84a07a 187 depends on (IA64 || X86 || PPC_BOOK3S_64 || SUPERH || S390)
3947be19 188
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189config MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE
190 def_bool y
191 depends on SPARSEMEM && MEMORY_HOTPLUG
192
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193config MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
194 bool "Allow for memory hot remove"
46723bfa 195 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
f7e3334a 196 select HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE if (X86_64 || PPC64)
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197 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG && ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
198 depends on MIGRATION
199
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200#
201# If we have space for more page flags then we can enable additional
202# optimizations and functionality.
203#
204# Regular Sparsemem takes page flag bits for the sectionid if it does not
205# use a virtual memmap. Disable extended page flags for 32 bit platforms
206# that require the use of a sectionid in the page flags.
207#
208config PAGEFLAGS_EXTENDED
209 def_bool y
a269cca9 210 depends on 64BIT || SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP || !SPARSEMEM
e20b8cca 211
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212# Heavily threaded applications may benefit from splitting the mm-wide
213# page_table_lock, so that faults on different parts of the user address
214# space can be handled with less contention: split it at this NR_CPUS.
215# Default to 4 for wider testing, though 8 might be more appropriate.
216# ARM's adjust_pte (unused if VIPT) depends on mm-wide page_table_lock.
7b6ac9df 217# PA-RISC 7xxx's spinlock_t would enlarge struct page from 32 to 44 bytes.
a70caa8b 218# DEBUG_SPINLOCK and DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC spinlock_t also enlarge struct page.
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219#
220config SPLIT_PTLOCK_CPUS
221 int
9164550e 222 default "999999" if !MMU
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223 default "999999" if ARM && !CPU_CACHE_VIPT
224 default "999999" if PARISC && !PA20
4c21e2f2 225 default "4"
7cbe34cf 226
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227config ARCH_ENABLE_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCK
228 boolean
229
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230#
231# support for memory balloon compaction
232config BALLOON_COMPACTION
233 bool "Allow for balloon memory compaction/migration"
234 def_bool y
235 depends on COMPACTION && VIRTIO_BALLOON
236 help
237 Memory fragmentation introduced by ballooning might reduce
238 significantly the number of 2MB contiguous memory blocks that can be
239 used within a guest, thus imposing performance penalties associated
240 with the reduced number of transparent huge pages that could be used
241 by the guest workload. Allowing the compaction & migration for memory
242 pages enlisted as being part of memory balloon devices avoids the
243 scenario aforementioned and helps improving memory defragmentation.
244
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245#
246# support for memory compaction
247config COMPACTION
248 bool "Allow for memory compaction"
05106e6a 249 def_bool y
e9e96b39 250 select MIGRATION
33a93877 251 depends on MMU
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252 help
253 Allows the compaction of memory for the allocation of huge pages.
254
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255#
256# support for page migration
257#
258config MIGRATION
b20a3503 259 bool "Page migration"
6c5240ae 260 def_bool y
de32a817 261 depends on (NUMA || ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE || COMPACTION || CMA) && MMU
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262 help
263 Allows the migration of the physical location of pages of processes
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264 while the virtual addresses are not changed. This is useful in
265 two situations. The first is on NUMA systems to put pages nearer
266 to the processors accessing. The second is when allocating huge
267 pages as migration can relocate pages to satisfy a huge page
268 allocation instead of reclaiming.
6550e07f 269
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270config PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
271 def_bool 64BIT || ARCH_PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
272
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273config ZONE_DMA_FLAG
274 int
275 default "0" if !ZONE_DMA
276 default "1"
277
2a7326b5 278config BOUNCE
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279 bool "Enable bounce buffers"
280 default y
2a7326b5 281 depends on BLOCK && MMU && (ZONE_DMA || HIGHMEM)
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282 help
283 Enable bounce buffers for devices that cannot access
284 the full range of memory available to the CPU. Enabled
285 by default when ZONE_DMA or HIGHMEM is selected, but you
286 may say n to override this.
2a7326b5 287
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288# On the 'tile' arch, USB OHCI needs the bounce pool since tilegx will often
289# have more than 4GB of memory, but we don't currently use the IOTLB to present
290# a 32-bit address to OHCI. So we need to use a bounce pool instead.
291#
292# We also use the bounce pool to provide stable page writes for jbd. jbd
293# initiates buffer writeback without locking the page or setting PG_writeback,
294# and fixing that behavior (a second time; jbd2 doesn't have this problem) is
295# a major rework effort. Instead, use the bounce buffer to snapshot pages
296# (until jbd goes away). The only jbd user is ext3.
297config NEED_BOUNCE_POOL
298 bool
299 default y if (TILE && USB_OHCI_HCD) || (BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY && JBD)
300
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301config NR_QUICK
302 int
303 depends on QUICKLIST
0176bd3d 304 default "2" if AVR32
6225e937 305 default "1"
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306
307config VIRT_TO_BUS
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308 bool
309 help
310 An architecture should select this if it implements the
311 deprecated interface virt_to_bus(). All new architectures
312 should probably not select this.
313
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314
315config MMU_NOTIFIER
316 bool
fc4d5c29 317
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318config KSM
319 bool "Enable KSM for page merging"
320 depends on MMU
321 help
322 Enable Kernel Samepage Merging: KSM periodically scans those areas
323 of an application's address space that an app has advised may be
324 mergeable. When it finds pages of identical content, it replaces
d0f209f6 325 the many instances by a single page with that content, so
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326 saving memory until one or another app needs to modify the content.
327 Recommended for use with KVM, or with other duplicative applications.
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328 See Documentation/vm/ksm.txt for more information: KSM is inactive
329 until a program has madvised that an area is MADV_MERGEABLE, and
330 root has set /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run to 1 (if CONFIG_SYSFS is set).
f8af4da3 331
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332config DEFAULT_MMAP_MIN_ADDR
333 int "Low address space to protect from user allocation"
6e141546 334 depends on MMU
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335 default 4096
336 help
337 This is the portion of low virtual memory which should be protected
338 from userspace allocation. Keeping a user from writing to low pages
339 can help reduce the impact of kernel NULL pointer bugs.
340
341 For most ia64, ppc64 and x86 users with lots of address space
342 a value of 65536 is reasonable and should cause no problems.
343 On arm and other archs it should not be higher than 32768.
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344 Programs which use vm86 functionality or have some need to map
345 this low address space will need CAP_SYS_RAWIO or disable this
346 protection by setting the value to 0.
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347
348 This value can be changed after boot using the
349 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_min_addr tunable.
350
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351config ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
352 bool
e0a94c2a 353
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354config MEMORY_FAILURE
355 depends on MMU
d949f36f 356 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE
6a46079c 357 bool "Enable recovery from hardware memory errors"
ee6f509c 358 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
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359 help
360 Enables code to recover from some memory failures on systems
361 with MCA recovery. This allows a system to continue running
362 even when some of its memory has uncorrected errors. This requires
363 special hardware support and typically ECC memory.
364
cae681fc 365config HWPOISON_INJECT
413f9efb 366 tristate "HWPoison pages injector"
27df5068 367 depends on MEMORY_FAILURE && DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS
478c5ffc 368 select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
cae681fc 369
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370config NOMMU_INITIAL_TRIM_EXCESS
371 int "Turn on mmap() excess space trimming before booting"
372 depends on !MMU
373 default 1
374 help
375 The NOMMU mmap() frequently needs to allocate large contiguous chunks
376 of memory on which to store mappings, but it can only ask the system
377 allocator for chunks in 2^N*PAGE_SIZE amounts - which is frequently
378 more than it requires. To deal with this, mmap() is able to trim off
379 the excess and return it to the allocator.
380
381 If trimming is enabled, the excess is trimmed off and returned to the
382 system allocator, which can cause extra fragmentation, particularly
383 if there are a lot of transient processes.
384
385 If trimming is disabled, the excess is kept, but not used, which for
386 long-term mappings means that the space is wasted.
387
388 Trimming can be dynamically controlled through a sysctl option
389 (/proc/sys/vm/nr_trim_pages) which specifies the minimum number of
390 excess pages there must be before trimming should occur, or zero if
391 no trimming is to occur.
392
393 This option specifies the initial value of this option. The default
394 of 1 says that all excess pages should be trimmed.
395
396 See Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt for more information.
bbddff05 397
4c76d9d1 398config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
13ece886 399 bool "Transparent Hugepage Support"
15626062 400 depends on HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
5d689240 401 select COMPACTION
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402 help
403 Transparent Hugepages allows the kernel to use huge pages and
404 huge tlb transparently to the applications whenever possible.
405 This feature can improve computing performance to certain
406 applications by speeding up page faults during memory
407 allocation, by reducing the number of tlb misses and by speeding
408 up the pagetable walking.
409
410 If memory constrained on embedded, you may want to say N.
411
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412choice
413 prompt "Transparent Hugepage Support sysfs defaults"
414 depends on TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
415 default TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
416 help
417 Selects the sysfs defaults for Transparent Hugepage Support.
418
419 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
420 bool "always"
421 help
422 Enabling Transparent Hugepage always, can increase the
423 memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
424 benefit but it will work automatically for all applications.
425
426 config TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_MADVISE
427 bool "madvise"
428 help
429 Enabling Transparent Hugepage madvise, will only provide a
430 performance improvement benefit to the applications using
431 madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) but it won't risk to increase the
432 memory footprint of applications without a guaranteed
433 benefit.
434endchoice
435
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436config CROSS_MEMORY_ATTACH
437 bool "Cross Memory Support"
438 depends on MMU
439 default y
440 help
441 Enabling this option adds the system calls process_vm_readv and
442 process_vm_writev which allow a process with the correct privileges
443 to directly read from or write to to another process's address space.
444 See the man page for more details.
445
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446#
447# UP and nommu archs use km based percpu allocator
448#
449config NEED_PER_CPU_KM
450 depends on !SMP
451 bool
452 default y
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453
454config CLEANCACHE
455 bool "Enable cleancache driver to cache clean pages if tmem is present"
456 default n
457 help
458 Cleancache can be thought of as a page-granularity victim cache
459 for clean pages that the kernel's pageframe replacement algorithm
460 (PFRA) would like to keep around, but can't since there isn't enough
461 memory. So when the PFRA "evicts" a page, it first attempts to use
140a1ef2 462 cleancache code to put the data contained in that page into
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463 "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
464 addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
465 time-varying size. And when a cleancache-enabled
466 filesystem wishes to access a page in a file on disk, it first
467 checks cleancache to see if it already contains it; if it does,
468 the page is copied into the kernel and a disk access is avoided.
469 When a transcendent memory driver is available (such as zcache or
470 Xen transcendent memory), a significant I/O reduction
471 may be achieved. When none is available, all cleancache calls
472 are reduced to a single pointer-compare-against-NULL resulting
473 in a negligible performance hit.
474
475 If unsure, say Y to enable cleancache
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476
477config FRONTSWAP
478 bool "Enable frontswap to cache swap pages if tmem is present"
479 depends on SWAP
480 default n
481 help
482 Frontswap is so named because it can be thought of as the opposite
483 of a "backing" store for a swap device. The data is stored into
484 "transcendent memory", memory that is not directly accessible or
485 addressable by the kernel and is of unknown and possibly
486 time-varying size. When space in transcendent memory is available,
487 a significant swap I/O reduction may be achieved. When none is
488 available, all frontswap calls are reduced to a single pointer-
489 compare-against-NULL resulting in a negligible performance hit
490 and swap data is stored as normal on the matching swap device.
491
492 If unsure, say Y to enable frontswap.
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493
494config CMA
495 bool "Contiguous Memory Allocator"
de32a817 496 depends on HAVE_MEMBLOCK && MMU
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497 select MIGRATION
498 select MEMORY_ISOLATION
499 help
500 This enables the Contiguous Memory Allocator which allows other
501 subsystems to allocate big physically-contiguous blocks of memory.
502 CMA reserves a region of memory and allows only movable pages to
503 be allocated from it. This way, the kernel can use the memory for
504 pagecache and when a subsystem requests for contiguous area, the
505 allocated pages are migrated away to serve the contiguous request.
506
507 If unsure, say "n".
508
509config CMA_DEBUG
510 bool "CMA debug messages (DEVELOPMENT)"
511 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && CMA
512 help
513 Turns on debug messages in CMA. This produces KERN_DEBUG
514 messages for every CMA call as well as various messages while
515 processing calls such as dma_alloc_from_contiguous().
516 This option does not affect warning and error messages.
bf550fc9 517
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518config ZBUD
519 tristate
520 default n
521 help
522 A special purpose allocator for storing compressed pages.
523 It is designed to store up to two compressed pages per physical
524 page. While this design limits storage density, it has simple and
525 deterministic reclaim properties that make it preferable to a higher
526 density approach when reclaim will be used.
527
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528config ZSWAP
529 bool "Compressed cache for swap pages (EXPERIMENTAL)"
530 depends on FRONTSWAP && CRYPTO=y
531 select CRYPTO_LZO
532 select ZBUD
533 default n
534 help
535 A lightweight compressed cache for swap pages. It takes
536 pages that are in the process of being swapped out and attempts to
537 compress them into a dynamically allocated RAM-based memory pool.
538 This can result in a significant I/O reduction on swap device and,
539 in the case where decompressing from RAM is faster that swap device
540 reads, can also improve workload performance.
541
542 This is marked experimental because it is a new feature (as of
543 v3.11) that interacts heavily with memory reclaim. While these
544 interactions don't cause any known issues on simple memory setups,
545 they have not be fully explored on the large set of potential
546 configurations and workloads that exist.
547
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548config MEM_SOFT_DIRTY
549 bool "Track memory changes"
a844f386 550 depends on CHECKPOINT_RESTORE && HAVE_ARCH_SOFT_DIRTY && PROC_FS
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551 select PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
552 help
553 This option enables memory changes tracking by introducing a
554 soft-dirty bit on pte-s. This bit it set when someone writes
555 into a page just as regular dirty bit, but unlike the latter
556 it can be cleared by hands.
557
558 See Documentation/vm/soft-dirty.txt for more details.
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559
560config ZSMALLOC
561 bool "Memory allocator for compressed pages"
562 depends on MMU
563 default n
564 help
565 zsmalloc is a slab-based memory allocator designed to store
566 compressed RAM pages. zsmalloc uses virtual memory mapping
567 in order to reduce fragmentation. However, this results in a
568 non-standard allocator interface where a handle, not a pointer, is
569 returned by an alloc(). This handle must be mapped in order to
570 access the allocated space.
571
572config PGTABLE_MAPPING
573 bool "Use page table mapping to access object in zsmalloc"
574 depends on ZSMALLOC
575 help
576 By default, zsmalloc uses a copy-based object mapping method to
577 access allocations that span two pages. However, if a particular
578 architecture (ex, ARM) performs VM mapping faster than copying,
579 then you should select this. This causes zsmalloc to use page table
580 mapping rather than copying for object mapping.
581
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582 You can check speed with zsmalloc benchmark:
583 https://github.com/spartacus06/zsmapbench
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584
585config GENERIC_EARLY_IOREMAP
586 bool
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587
588config MAX_STACK_SIZE_MB
589 int "Maximum user stack size for 32-bit processes (MB)"
590 default 80
591 range 8 256 if METAG
592 range 8 2048
593 depends on STACK_GROWSUP && (!64BIT || COMPAT)
594 help
595 This is the maximum stack size in Megabytes in the VM layout of 32-bit
596 user processes when the stack grows upwards (currently only on parisc
597 and metag arch). The stack will be located at the highest memory
598 address minus the given value, unless the RLIMIT_STACK hard limit is
599 changed to a smaller value in which case that is used.
600
601 A sane initial value is 80 MB.