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c462238d
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1/*
2 * TCP Illinois congestion control.
3 * Home page:
4 * http://www.ews.uiuc.edu/~shaoliu/tcpillinois/index.html
5 *
6 * The algorithm is described in:
7 * "TCP-Illinois: A Loss and Delay-Based Congestion Control Algorithm
8 * for High-Speed Networks"
631dd1a8 9 * http://www.ifp.illinois.edu/~srikant/Papers/liubassri06perf.pdf
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10 *
11 * Implemented from description in paper and ns-2 simulation.
12 * Copyright (C) 2007 Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@linux-foundation.org>
13 */
14
15#include <linux/module.h>
16#include <linux/skbuff.h>
17#include <linux/inet_diag.h>
18#include <asm/div64.h>
19#include <net/tcp.h>
20
21#define ALPHA_SHIFT 7
22#define ALPHA_SCALE (1u<<ALPHA_SHIFT)
23#define ALPHA_MIN ((3*ALPHA_SCALE)/10) /* ~0.3 */
24#define ALPHA_MAX (10*ALPHA_SCALE) /* 10.0 */
25#define ALPHA_BASE ALPHA_SCALE /* 1.0 */
65d1b4a7 26#define RTT_MAX (U32_MAX / ALPHA_MAX) /* 3.3 secs */
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27
28#define BETA_SHIFT 6
29#define BETA_SCALE (1u<<BETA_SHIFT)
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30#define BETA_MIN (BETA_SCALE/8) /* 0.125 */
31#define BETA_MAX (BETA_SCALE/2) /* 0.5 */
32#define BETA_BASE BETA_MAX
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33
34static int win_thresh __read_mostly = 15;
65d1b4a7 35module_param(win_thresh, int, 0);
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36MODULE_PARM_DESC(win_thresh, "Window threshold for starting adaptive sizing");
37
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38static int theta __read_mostly = 5;
39module_param(theta, int, 0);
40MODULE_PARM_DESC(theta, "# of fast RTT's before full growth");
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41
42/* TCP Illinois Parameters */
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43struct illinois {
44 u64 sum_rtt; /* sum of rtt's measured within last rtt */
45 u16 cnt_rtt; /* # of rtts measured within last rtt */
46 u32 base_rtt; /* min of all rtt in usec */
47 u32 max_rtt; /* max of all rtt in usec */
48 u32 end_seq; /* right edge of current RTT */
49 u32 alpha; /* Additive increase */
50 u32 beta; /* Muliplicative decrease */
85f7e750 51 u32 loss_cwnd; /* cwnd on loss */
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52 u16 acked; /* # packets acked by current ACK */
53 u8 rtt_above; /* average rtt has gone above threshold */
54 u8 rtt_low; /* # of rtts measurements below threshold */
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55};
56
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57static void rtt_reset(struct sock *sk)
58{
59 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
60 struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
61
62 ca->end_seq = tp->snd_nxt;
63 ca->cnt_rtt = 0;
64 ca->sum_rtt = 0;
65
66 /* TODO: age max_rtt? */
67}
68
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69static void tcp_illinois_init(struct sock *sk)
70{
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71 struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
72
73 ca->alpha = ALPHA_MAX;
74 ca->beta = BETA_BASE;
75 ca->base_rtt = 0x7fffffff;
76 ca->max_rtt = 0;
77
78 ca->acked = 0;
79 ca->rtt_low = 0;
80 ca->rtt_above = 0;
c462238d 81
65d1b4a7 82 rtt_reset(sk);
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83}
84
65d1b4a7 85/* Measure RTT for each ack. */
756ee172 86static void tcp_illinois_acked(struct sock *sk, const struct ack_sample *sample)
c462238d 87{
65d1b4a7 88 struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
756ee172 89 s32 rtt_us = sample->rtt_us;
164891aa 90
756ee172 91 ca->acked = sample->pkts_acked;
164891aa 92
30cfd0ba 93 /* dup ack, no rtt sample */
756ee172 94 if (rtt_us < 0)
b9ce204f
IJ
95 return;
96
65d1b4a7 97 /* ignore bogus values, this prevents wraparound in alpha math */
756ee172
LB
98 if (rtt_us > RTT_MAX)
99 rtt_us = RTT_MAX;
c462238d 100
65d1b4a7 101 /* keep track of minimum RTT seen so far */
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LB
102 if (ca->base_rtt > rtt_us)
103 ca->base_rtt = rtt_us;
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104
105 /* and max */
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LB
106 if (ca->max_rtt < rtt_us)
107 ca->max_rtt = rtt_us;
c462238d 108
65d1b4a7 109 ++ca->cnt_rtt;
756ee172 110 ca->sum_rtt += rtt_us;
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111}
112
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113/* Maximum queuing delay */
114static inline u32 max_delay(const struct illinois *ca)
c462238d 115{
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116 return ca->max_rtt - ca->base_rtt;
117}
c462238d 118
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119/* Average queuing delay */
120static inline u32 avg_delay(const struct illinois *ca)
121{
122 u64 t = ca->sum_rtt;
c462238d 123
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124 do_div(t, ca->cnt_rtt);
125 return t - ca->base_rtt;
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126}
127
128/*
129 * Compute value of alpha used for additive increase.
130 * If small window then use 1.0, equivalent to Reno.
131 *
132 * For larger windows, adjust based on average delay.
133 * A. If average delay is at minimum (we are uncongested),
134 * then use large alpha (10.0) to increase faster.
135 * B. If average delay is at maximum (getting congested)
65d1b4a7 136 * then use small alpha (0.3)
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137 *
138 * The result is a convex window growth curve.
139 */
65d1b4a7 140static u32 alpha(struct illinois *ca, u32 da, u32 dm)
c462238d 141{
65d1b4a7 142 u32 d1 = dm / 100; /* Low threshold */
c462238d 143
c462238d 144 if (da <= d1) {
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145 /* If never got out of low delay zone, then use max */
146 if (!ca->rtt_above)
c462238d 147 return ALPHA_MAX;
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148
149 /* Wait for 5 good RTT's before allowing alpha to go alpha max.
150 * This prevents one good RTT from causing sudden window increase.
151 */
152 if (++ca->rtt_low < theta)
153 return ca->alpha;
154
155 ca->rtt_low = 0;
156 ca->rtt_above = 0;
157 return ALPHA_MAX;
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158 }
159
65d1b4a7 160 ca->rtt_above = 1;
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161
162 /*
163 * Based on:
164 *
165 * (dm - d1) amin amax
166 * k1 = -------------------
167 * amax - amin
168 *
169 * (dm - d1) amin
170 * k2 = ---------------- - d1
171 * amax - amin
172 *
173 * k1
174 * alpha = ----------
175 * k2 + da
176 */
177
178 dm -= d1;
179 da -= d1;
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180 return (dm * ALPHA_MAX) /
181 (dm + (da * (ALPHA_MAX - ALPHA_MIN)) / ALPHA_MIN);
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182}
183
184/*
185 * Beta used for multiplicative decrease.
186 * For small window sizes returns same value as Reno (0.5)
187 *
188 * If delay is small (10% of max) then beta = 1/8
189 * If delay is up to 80% of max then beta = 1/2
190 * In between is a linear function
191 */
65d1b4a7 192static u32 beta(u32 da, u32 dm)
c462238d 193{
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194 u32 d2, d3;
195
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196 d2 = dm / 10;
197 if (da <= d2)
198 return BETA_MIN;
65d1b4a7 199
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200 d3 = (8 * dm) / 10;
201 if (da >= d3 || d3 <= d2)
202 return BETA_MAX;
203
204 /*
205 * Based on:
206 *
207 * bmin d3 - bmax d2
208 * k3 = -------------------
209 * d3 - d2
210 *
211 * bmax - bmin
212 * k4 = -------------
213 * d3 - d2
214 *
215 * b = k3 + k4 da
216 */
217 return (BETA_MIN * d3 - BETA_MAX * d2 + (BETA_MAX - BETA_MIN) * da)
218 / (d3 - d2);
219}
220
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221/* Update alpha and beta values once per RTT */
222static void update_params(struct sock *sk)
223{
224 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
225 struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
226
227 if (tp->snd_cwnd < win_thresh) {
228 ca->alpha = ALPHA_BASE;
229 ca->beta = BETA_BASE;
230 } else if (ca->cnt_rtt > 0) {
231 u32 dm = max_delay(ca);
232 u32 da = avg_delay(ca);
233
234 ca->alpha = alpha(ca, da, dm);
235 ca->beta = beta(da, dm);
236 }
237
238 rtt_reset(sk);
239}
240
241/*
242 * In case of loss, reset to default values
243 */
244static void tcp_illinois_state(struct sock *sk, u8 new_state)
245{
246 struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
247
248 if (new_state == TCP_CA_Loss) {
249 ca->alpha = ALPHA_BASE;
250 ca->beta = BETA_BASE;
251 ca->rtt_low = 0;
252 ca->rtt_above = 0;
253 rtt_reset(sk);
254 }
255}
256
257/*
258 * Increase window in response to successful acknowledgment.
259 */
24901551 260static void tcp_illinois_cong_avoid(struct sock *sk, u32 ack, u32 acked)
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261{
262 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
263 struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
264
265 if (after(ack, ca->end_seq))
266 update_params(sk);
267
268 /* RFC2861 only increase cwnd if fully utilized */
24901551 269 if (!tcp_is_cwnd_limited(sk))
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270 return;
271
272 /* In slow start */
071d5080 273 if (tcp_in_slow_start(tp))
9f9843a7 274 tcp_slow_start(tp, acked);
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275
276 else {
277 u32 delta;
278
279 /* snd_cwnd_cnt is # of packets since last cwnd increment */
280 tp->snd_cwnd_cnt += ca->acked;
281 ca->acked = 1;
282
283 /* This is close approximation of:
284 * tp->snd_cwnd += alpha/tp->snd_cwnd
285 */
286 delta = (tp->snd_cwnd_cnt * ca->alpha) >> ALPHA_SHIFT;
287 if (delta >= tp->snd_cwnd) {
288 tp->snd_cwnd = min(tp->snd_cwnd + delta / tp->snd_cwnd,
688d1945 289 (u32)tp->snd_cwnd_clamp);
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290 tp->snd_cwnd_cnt = 0;
291 }
292 }
293}
294
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295static u32 tcp_illinois_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
296{
297 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
65d1b4a7 298 struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
c462238d 299
85f7e750 300 ca->loss_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd;
c462238d 301 /* Multiplicative decrease */
a357dde9 302 return max(tp->snd_cwnd - ((tp->snd_cwnd * ca->beta) >> BETA_SHIFT), 2U);
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303}
304
85f7e750
FW
305static u32 tcp_illinois_cwnd_undo(struct sock *sk)
306{
307 const struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
308
309 return max(tcp_sk(sk)->snd_cwnd, ca->loss_cwnd);
310}
311
65d1b4a7 312/* Extract info for Tcp socket info provided via netlink. */
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313static size_t tcp_illinois_info(struct sock *sk, u32 ext, int *attr,
314 union tcp_cc_info *info)
c462238d 315{
65d1b4a7 316 const struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
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317
318 if (ext & (1 << (INET_DIAG_VEGASINFO - 1))) {
64f40ff5
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319 info->vegas.tcpv_enabled = 1;
320 info->vegas.tcpv_rttcnt = ca->cnt_rtt;
321 info->vegas.tcpv_minrtt = ca->base_rtt;
322 info->vegas.tcpv_rtt = 0;
65d1b4a7 323
64f40ff5 324 if (info->vegas.tcpv_rttcnt > 0) {
8f363b77 325 u64 t = ca->sum_rtt;
c462238d 326
64f40ff5
ED
327 do_div(t, info->vegas.tcpv_rttcnt);
328 info->vegas.tcpv_rtt = t;
8f363b77 329 }
64f40ff5
ED
330 *attr = INET_DIAG_VEGASINFO;
331 return sizeof(struct tcpvegas_info);
c462238d 332 }
521f1cf1 333 return 0;
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334}
335
a252bebe 336static struct tcp_congestion_ops tcp_illinois __read_mostly = {
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337 .init = tcp_illinois_init,
338 .ssthresh = tcp_illinois_ssthresh,
85f7e750 339 .undo_cwnd = tcp_illinois_cwnd_undo,
c462238d 340 .cong_avoid = tcp_illinois_cong_avoid,
65d1b4a7 341 .set_state = tcp_illinois_state,
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342 .get_info = tcp_illinois_info,
343 .pkts_acked = tcp_illinois_acked,
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344
345 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
346 .name = "illinois",
347};
348
349static int __init tcp_illinois_register(void)
350{
65d1b4a7 351 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct illinois) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
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352 return tcp_register_congestion_control(&tcp_illinois);
353}
354
355static void __exit tcp_illinois_unregister(void)
356{
357 tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&tcp_illinois);
358}
359
360module_init(tcp_illinois_register);
361module_exit(tcp_illinois_unregister);
362
363MODULE_AUTHOR("Stephen Hemminger, Shao Liu");
364MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
365MODULE_DESCRIPTION("TCP Illinois");
65d1b4a7 366MODULE_VERSION("1.0");