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1/* Key garbage collector
2 *
0c061b57 3 * Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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4 * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
5 *
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence
8 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
9 * 2 of the Licence, or (at your option) any later version.
10 */
11
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12#include <linux/slab.h>
13#include <linux/security.h>
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14#include <keys/keyring-type.h>
15#include "internal.h"
16
17/*
18 * Delay between key revocation/expiry in seconds
19 */
20unsigned key_gc_delay = 5 * 60;
21
22/*
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23 * Reaper for unused keys.
24 */
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25static void key_garbage_collector(struct work_struct *work);
26DECLARE_WORK(key_gc_work, key_garbage_collector);
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27
28/*
29 * Reaper for links from keyrings to dead keys.
5d135440 30 */
24ed960a 31static void key_gc_timer_func(struct timer_list *);
1d27e3e2 32static DEFINE_TIMER(key_gc_timer, key_gc_timer_func);
0c061b57 33
074d5898 34static time64_t key_gc_next_run = TIME64_MAX;
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35static struct key_type *key_gc_dead_keytype;
36
37static unsigned long key_gc_flags;
38#define KEY_GC_KEY_EXPIRED 0 /* A key expired and needs unlinking */
39#define KEY_GC_REAP_KEYTYPE 1 /* A keytype is being unregistered */
40#define KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE 2 /* Cleared when keytype reaped */
41
42
43/*
44 * Any key whose type gets unregistered will be re-typed to this if it can't be
45 * immediately unlinked.
46 */
47struct key_type key_type_dead = {
c1644fe0 48 .name = ".dead",
0c061b57 49};
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50
51/*
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52 * Schedule a garbage collection run.
53 * - time precision isn't particularly important
5d135440 54 */
074d5898 55void key_schedule_gc(time64_t gc_at)
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56{
57 unsigned long expires;
074d5898 58 time64_t now = ktime_get_real_seconds();
5d135440 59
074d5898 60 kenter("%lld", gc_at - now);
5d135440 61
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62 if (gc_at <= now || test_bit(KEY_GC_REAP_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags)) {
63 kdebug("IMMEDIATE");
3b07e9ca 64 schedule_work(&key_gc_work);
5d135440 65 } else if (gc_at < key_gc_next_run) {
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66 kdebug("DEFERRED");
67 key_gc_next_run = gc_at;
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68 expires = jiffies + (gc_at - now) * HZ;
69 mod_timer(&key_gc_timer, expires);
70 }
71}
72
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73/*
74 * Schedule a dead links collection run.
75 */
76void key_schedule_gc_links(void)
77{
78 set_bit(KEY_GC_KEY_EXPIRED, &key_gc_flags);
3b07e9ca 79 schedule_work(&key_gc_work);
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80}
81
5d135440 82/*
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83 * Some key's cleanup time was met after it expired, so we need to get the
84 * reaper to go through a cycle finding expired keys.
5d135440 85 */
24ed960a 86static void key_gc_timer_func(struct timer_list *unused)
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87{
88 kenter("");
074d5898 89 key_gc_next_run = TIME64_MAX;
fd75815f 90 key_schedule_gc_links();
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91}
92
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93/*
94 * Reap keys of dead type.
95 *
96 * We use three flags to make sure we see three complete cycles of the garbage
97 * collector: the first to mark keys of that type as being dead, the second to
98 * collect dead links and the third to clean up the dead keys. We have to be
99 * careful as there may already be a cycle in progress.
100 *
101 * The caller must be holding key_types_sem.
102 */
103void key_gc_keytype(struct key_type *ktype)
104{
105 kenter("%s", ktype->name);
106
107 key_gc_dead_keytype = ktype;
108 set_bit(KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags);
109 smp_mb();
110 set_bit(KEY_GC_REAP_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags);
111
112 kdebug("schedule");
3b07e9ca 113 schedule_work(&key_gc_work);
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114
115 kdebug("sleep");
74316201 116 wait_on_bit(&key_gc_flags, KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE,
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117 TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
118
119 key_gc_dead_keytype = NULL;
120 kleave("");
121}
122
5d135440 123/*
65d87fe6 124 * Garbage collect a list of unreferenced, detached keys
5d135440 125 */
65d87fe6 126static noinline void key_gc_unused_keys(struct list_head *keys)
5d135440 127{
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128 while (!list_empty(keys)) {
129 struct key *key =
130 list_entry(keys->next, struct key, graveyard_link);
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131 short state = key->state;
132
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133 list_del(&key->graveyard_link);
134
135 kdebug("- %u", key->serial);
136 key_check(key);
137
f05819df 138 /* Throw away the key data if the key is instantiated */
363b02da 139 if (state == KEY_IS_POSITIVE && key->type->destroy)
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140 key->type->destroy(key);
141
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142 security_key_free(key);
143
144 /* deal with the user's key tracking and quota */
145 if (test_bit(KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA, &key->flags)) {
146 spin_lock(&key->user->lock);
147 key->user->qnkeys--;
148 key->user->qnbytes -= key->quotalen;
149 spin_unlock(&key->user->lock);
150 }
5d135440 151
65d87fe6 152 atomic_dec(&key->user->nkeys);
363b02da 153 if (state != KEY_IS_UNINSTANTIATED)
65d87fe6 154 atomic_dec(&key->user->nikeys);
5d135440 155
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156 key_user_put(key->user);
157
65d87fe6 158 kfree(key->description);
5d135440 159
0620fddb 160 memzero_explicit(key, sizeof(*key));
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161 kmem_cache_free(key_jar, key);
162 }
5d135440 163}
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164
165/*
166 * Garbage collector for unused keys.
167 *
168 * This is done in process context so that we don't have to disable interrupts
169 * all over the place. key_put() schedules this rather than trying to do the
170 * cleanup itself, which means key_put() doesn't have to sleep.
171 */
0c061b57 172static void key_garbage_collector(struct work_struct *work)
8bc16dea 173{
65d87fe6 174 static LIST_HEAD(graveyard);
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175 static u8 gc_state; /* Internal persistent state */
176#define KEY_GC_REAP_AGAIN 0x01 /* - Need another cycle */
177#define KEY_GC_REAPING_LINKS 0x02 /* - We need to reap links */
178#define KEY_GC_SET_TIMER 0x04 /* - We need to restart the timer */
179#define KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1 0x10 /* - We need to mark dead keys */
180#define KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2 0x20 /* - We need to reap dead key links */
181#define KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_3 0x40 /* - We need to reap dead keys */
182#define KEY_GC_FOUND_DEAD_KEY 0x80 /* - We found at least one dead key */
183
184 struct rb_node *cursor;
8bc16dea 185 struct key *key;
074d5898 186 time64_t new_timer, limit;
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187
188 kenter("[%lx,%x]", key_gc_flags, gc_state);
189
074d5898 190 limit = ktime_get_real_seconds();
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191 if (limit > key_gc_delay)
192 limit -= key_gc_delay;
193 else
194 limit = key_gc_delay;
195
196 /* Work out what we're going to be doing in this pass */
197 gc_state &= KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1 | KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2;
198 gc_state <<= 1;
199 if (test_and_clear_bit(KEY_GC_KEY_EXPIRED, &key_gc_flags))
200 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAPING_LINKS | KEY_GC_SET_TIMER;
201
202 if (test_and_clear_bit(KEY_GC_REAP_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags))
203 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1;
204 kdebug("new pass %x", gc_state);
205
074d5898 206 new_timer = TIME64_MAX;
8bc16dea 207
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208 /* As only this function is permitted to remove things from the key
209 * serial tree, if cursor is non-NULL then it will always point to a
210 * valid node in the tree - even if lock got dropped.
211 */
8bc16dea 212 spin_lock(&key_serial_lock);
0c061b57 213 cursor = rb_first(&key_serial_tree);
8bc16dea 214
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215continue_scanning:
216 while (cursor) {
217 key = rb_entry(cursor, struct key, serial_node);
218 cursor = rb_next(cursor);
8bc16dea 219
fff29291 220 if (refcount_read(&key->usage) == 0)
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221 goto found_unreferenced_key;
222
223 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1)) {
224 if (key->type == key_gc_dead_keytype) {
225 gc_state |= KEY_GC_FOUND_DEAD_KEY;
226 set_bit(KEY_FLAG_DEAD, &key->flags);
227 key->perm = 0;
228 goto skip_dead_key;
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MM
229 } else if (key->type == &key_type_keyring &&
230 key->restrict_link) {
231 goto found_restricted_keyring;
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232 }
233 }
234
235 if (gc_state & KEY_GC_SET_TIMER) {
236 if (key->expiry > limit && key->expiry < new_timer) {
074d5898 237 kdebug("will expire %x in %lld",
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238 key_serial(key), key->expiry - limit);
239 new_timer = key->expiry;
240 }
241 }
242
243 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2))
244 if (key->type == key_gc_dead_keytype)
245 gc_state |= KEY_GC_FOUND_DEAD_KEY;
246
247 if ((gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_LINKS) ||
248 unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2)) {
249 if (key->type == &key_type_keyring)
250 goto found_keyring;
251 }
252
253 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_3))
254 if (key->type == key_gc_dead_keytype)
255 goto destroy_dead_key;
256
257 skip_dead_key:
258 if (spin_is_contended(&key_serial_lock) || need_resched())
259 goto contended;
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260 }
261
0c061b57 262contended:
8bc16dea 263 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
8bc16dea 264
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265maybe_resched:
266 if (cursor) {
267 cond_resched();
268 spin_lock(&key_serial_lock);
269 goto continue_scanning;
270 }
8bc16dea 271
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272 /* We've completed the pass. Set the timer if we need to and queue a
273 * new cycle if necessary. We keep executing cycles until we find one
274 * where we didn't reap any keys.
275 */
276 kdebug("pass complete");
8bc16dea 277
074d5898 278 if (gc_state & KEY_GC_SET_TIMER && new_timer != (time64_t)TIME64_MAX) {
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279 new_timer += key_gc_delay;
280 key_schedule_gc(new_timer);
281 }
8bc16dea 282
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283 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2) ||
284 !list_empty(&graveyard)) {
285 /* Make sure that all pending keyring payload destructions are
286 * fulfilled and that people aren't now looking at dead or
287 * dying keys that they don't have a reference upon or a link
288 * to.
0c061b57 289 */
65d87fe6 290 kdebug("gc sync");
0c061b57 291 synchronize_rcu();
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DH
292 }
293
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294 if (!list_empty(&graveyard)) {
295 kdebug("gc keys");
296 key_gc_unused_keys(&graveyard);
297 }
298
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299 if (unlikely(gc_state & (KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1 |
300 KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2))) {
301 if (!(gc_state & KEY_GC_FOUND_DEAD_KEY)) {
302 /* No remaining dead keys: short circuit the remaining
303 * keytype reap cycles.
304 */
305 kdebug("dead short");
306 gc_state &= ~(KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1 | KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2);
307 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_3;
308 } else {
309 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAP_AGAIN;
310 }
311 }
8bc16dea 312
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DH
313 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_3)) {
314 kdebug("dead wake");
315 smp_mb();
316 clear_bit(KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags);
317 wake_up_bit(&key_gc_flags, KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE);
318 }
8bc16dea 319
0c061b57 320 if (gc_state & KEY_GC_REAP_AGAIN)
3b07e9ca 321 schedule_work(&key_gc_work);
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322 kleave(" [end %x]", gc_state);
323 return;
8bc16dea 324
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325 /* We found an unreferenced key - once we've removed it from the tree,
326 * we can safely drop the lock.
327 */
328found_unreferenced_key:
329 kdebug("unrefd key %d", key->serial);
330 rb_erase(&key->serial_node, &key_serial_tree);
331 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
8bc16dea 332
65d87fe6 333 list_add_tail(&key->graveyard_link, &graveyard);
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334 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAP_AGAIN;
335 goto maybe_resched;
8bc16dea 336
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337 /* We found a restricted keyring and need to update the restriction if
338 * it is associated with the dead key type.
339 */
340found_restricted_keyring:
341 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
342 keyring_restriction_gc(key, key_gc_dead_keytype);
343 goto maybe_resched;
344
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DH
345 /* We found a keyring and we need to check the payload for links to
346 * dead or expired keys. We don't flag another reap immediately as we
347 * have to wait for the old payload to be destroyed by RCU before we
348 * can reap the keys to which it refers.
349 */
350found_keyring:
351 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
62fe3182 352 keyring_gc(key, limit);
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DH
353 goto maybe_resched;
354
355 /* We found a dead key that is still referenced. Reset its type and
356 * destroy its payload with its semaphore held.
357 */
358destroy_dead_key:
359 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
360 kdebug("destroy key %d", key->serial);
361 down_write(&key->sem);
362 key->type = &key_type_dead;
363 if (key_gc_dead_keytype->destroy)
364 key_gc_dead_keytype->destroy(key);
365 memset(&key->payload, KEY_DESTROY, sizeof(key->payload));
366 up_write(&key->sem);
367 goto maybe_resched;
8bc16dea 368}