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1/* Key garbage collector
2 *
0c061b57 3 * Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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4 * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
5 *
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence
8 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
9 * 2 of the Licence, or (at your option) any later version.
10 */
11
12#include <linux/module.h>
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13#include <linux/slab.h>
14#include <linux/security.h>
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15#include <keys/keyring-type.h>
16#include "internal.h"
17
18/*
19 * Delay between key revocation/expiry in seconds
20 */
21unsigned key_gc_delay = 5 * 60;
22
23/*
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24 * Reaper for unused keys.
25 */
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26static void key_garbage_collector(struct work_struct *work);
27DECLARE_WORK(key_gc_work, key_garbage_collector);
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28
29/*
30 * Reaper for links from keyrings to dead keys.
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31 */
32static void key_gc_timer_func(unsigned long);
5d135440 33static DEFINE_TIMER(key_gc_timer, key_gc_timer_func, 0, 0);
0c061b57 34
5d135440 35static time_t key_gc_next_run = LONG_MAX;
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36static struct key_type *key_gc_dead_keytype;
37
38static unsigned long key_gc_flags;
39#define KEY_GC_KEY_EXPIRED 0 /* A key expired and needs unlinking */
40#define KEY_GC_REAP_KEYTYPE 1 /* A keytype is being unregistered */
41#define KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE 2 /* Cleared when keytype reaped */
42
43
44/*
45 * Any key whose type gets unregistered will be re-typed to this if it can't be
46 * immediately unlinked.
47 */
48struct key_type key_type_dead = {
c1644fe0 49 .name = ".dead",
0c061b57 50};
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51
52/*
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53 * Schedule a garbage collection run.
54 * - time precision isn't particularly important
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55 */
56void key_schedule_gc(time_t gc_at)
57{
58 unsigned long expires;
59 time_t now = current_kernel_time().tv_sec;
60
61 kenter("%ld", gc_at - now);
62
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63 if (gc_at <= now || test_bit(KEY_GC_REAP_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags)) {
64 kdebug("IMMEDIATE");
3b07e9ca 65 schedule_work(&key_gc_work);
5d135440 66 } else if (gc_at < key_gc_next_run) {
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67 kdebug("DEFERRED");
68 key_gc_next_run = gc_at;
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69 expires = jiffies + (gc_at - now) * HZ;
70 mod_timer(&key_gc_timer, expires);
71 }
72}
73
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74/*
75 * Schedule a dead links collection run.
76 */
77void key_schedule_gc_links(void)
78{
79 set_bit(KEY_GC_KEY_EXPIRED, &key_gc_flags);
3b07e9ca 80 schedule_work(&key_gc_work);
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81}
82
5d135440 83/*
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84 * Some key's cleanup time was met after it expired, so we need to get the
85 * reaper to go through a cycle finding expired keys.
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86 */
87static void key_gc_timer_func(unsigned long data)
88{
89 kenter("");
90 key_gc_next_run = LONG_MAX;
fd75815f 91 key_schedule_gc_links();
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92}
93
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94/*
95 * Reap keys of dead type.
96 *
97 * We use three flags to make sure we see three complete cycles of the garbage
98 * collector: the first to mark keys of that type as being dead, the second to
99 * collect dead links and the third to clean up the dead keys. We have to be
100 * careful as there may already be a cycle in progress.
101 *
102 * The caller must be holding key_types_sem.
103 */
104void key_gc_keytype(struct key_type *ktype)
105{
106 kenter("%s", ktype->name);
107
108 key_gc_dead_keytype = ktype;
109 set_bit(KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags);
110 smp_mb();
111 set_bit(KEY_GC_REAP_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags);
112
113 kdebug("schedule");
3b07e9ca 114 schedule_work(&key_gc_work);
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115
116 kdebug("sleep");
74316201 117 wait_on_bit(&key_gc_flags, KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE,
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118 TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
119
120 key_gc_dead_keytype = NULL;
121 kleave("");
122}
123
5d135440 124/*
65d87fe6 125 * Garbage collect a list of unreferenced, detached keys
5d135440 126 */
65d87fe6 127static noinline void key_gc_unused_keys(struct list_head *keys)
5d135440 128{
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129 while (!list_empty(keys)) {
130 struct key *key =
131 list_entry(keys->next, struct key, graveyard_link);
132 list_del(&key->graveyard_link);
133
134 kdebug("- %u", key->serial);
135 key_check(key);
136
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137 /* Throw away the key data if the key is instantiated */
138 if (test_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags) &&
139 !test_bit(KEY_FLAG_NEGATIVE, &key->flags) &&
140 key->type->destroy)
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141 key->type->destroy(key);
142
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143 security_key_free(key);
144
145 /* deal with the user's key tracking and quota */
146 if (test_bit(KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA, &key->flags)) {
147 spin_lock(&key->user->lock);
148 key->user->qnkeys--;
149 key->user->qnbytes -= key->quotalen;
150 spin_unlock(&key->user->lock);
151 }
5d135440 152
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153 atomic_dec(&key->user->nkeys);
154 if (test_bit(KEY_FLAG_INSTANTIATED, &key->flags))
155 atomic_dec(&key->user->nikeys);
5d135440 156
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157 key_user_put(key->user);
158
65d87fe6 159 kfree(key->description);
5d135440 160
0c061b57 161#ifdef KEY_DEBUGGING
65d87fe6 162 key->magic = KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC_X;
0c061b57 163#endif
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164 kmem_cache_free(key_jar, key);
165 }
5d135440 166}
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167
168/*
169 * Garbage collector for unused keys.
170 *
171 * This is done in process context so that we don't have to disable interrupts
172 * all over the place. key_put() schedules this rather than trying to do the
173 * cleanup itself, which means key_put() doesn't have to sleep.
174 */
0c061b57 175static void key_garbage_collector(struct work_struct *work)
8bc16dea 176{
65d87fe6 177 static LIST_HEAD(graveyard);
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178 static u8 gc_state; /* Internal persistent state */
179#define KEY_GC_REAP_AGAIN 0x01 /* - Need another cycle */
180#define KEY_GC_REAPING_LINKS 0x02 /* - We need to reap links */
181#define KEY_GC_SET_TIMER 0x04 /* - We need to restart the timer */
182#define KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1 0x10 /* - We need to mark dead keys */
183#define KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2 0x20 /* - We need to reap dead key links */
184#define KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_3 0x40 /* - We need to reap dead keys */
185#define KEY_GC_FOUND_DEAD_KEY 0x80 /* - We found at least one dead key */
186
187 struct rb_node *cursor;
8bc16dea 188 struct key *key;
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189 time_t new_timer, limit;
190
191 kenter("[%lx,%x]", key_gc_flags, gc_state);
192
193 limit = current_kernel_time().tv_sec;
194 if (limit > key_gc_delay)
195 limit -= key_gc_delay;
196 else
197 limit = key_gc_delay;
198
199 /* Work out what we're going to be doing in this pass */
200 gc_state &= KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1 | KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2;
201 gc_state <<= 1;
202 if (test_and_clear_bit(KEY_GC_KEY_EXPIRED, &key_gc_flags))
203 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAPING_LINKS | KEY_GC_SET_TIMER;
204
205 if (test_and_clear_bit(KEY_GC_REAP_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags))
206 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1;
207 kdebug("new pass %x", gc_state);
208
209 new_timer = LONG_MAX;
8bc16dea 210
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211 /* As only this function is permitted to remove things from the key
212 * serial tree, if cursor is non-NULL then it will always point to a
213 * valid node in the tree - even if lock got dropped.
214 */
8bc16dea 215 spin_lock(&key_serial_lock);
0c061b57 216 cursor = rb_first(&key_serial_tree);
8bc16dea 217
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218continue_scanning:
219 while (cursor) {
220 key = rb_entry(cursor, struct key, serial_node);
221 cursor = rb_next(cursor);
8bc16dea 222
fff29291 223 if (refcount_read(&key->usage) == 0)
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224 goto found_unreferenced_key;
225
226 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1)) {
227 if (key->type == key_gc_dead_keytype) {
228 gc_state |= KEY_GC_FOUND_DEAD_KEY;
229 set_bit(KEY_FLAG_DEAD, &key->flags);
230 key->perm = 0;
231 goto skip_dead_key;
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232 } else if (key->type == &key_type_keyring &&
233 key->restrict_link) {
234 goto found_restricted_keyring;
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235 }
236 }
237
238 if (gc_state & KEY_GC_SET_TIMER) {
239 if (key->expiry > limit && key->expiry < new_timer) {
240 kdebug("will expire %x in %ld",
241 key_serial(key), key->expiry - limit);
242 new_timer = key->expiry;
243 }
244 }
245
246 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2))
247 if (key->type == key_gc_dead_keytype)
248 gc_state |= KEY_GC_FOUND_DEAD_KEY;
249
250 if ((gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_LINKS) ||
251 unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2)) {
252 if (key->type == &key_type_keyring)
253 goto found_keyring;
254 }
255
256 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_3))
257 if (key->type == key_gc_dead_keytype)
258 goto destroy_dead_key;
259
260 skip_dead_key:
261 if (spin_is_contended(&key_serial_lock) || need_resched())
262 goto contended;
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263 }
264
0c061b57 265contended:
8bc16dea 266 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
8bc16dea 267
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268maybe_resched:
269 if (cursor) {
270 cond_resched();
271 spin_lock(&key_serial_lock);
272 goto continue_scanning;
273 }
8bc16dea 274
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275 /* We've completed the pass. Set the timer if we need to and queue a
276 * new cycle if necessary. We keep executing cycles until we find one
277 * where we didn't reap any keys.
278 */
279 kdebug("pass complete");
8bc16dea 280
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281 if (gc_state & KEY_GC_SET_TIMER && new_timer != (time_t)LONG_MAX) {
282 new_timer += key_gc_delay;
283 key_schedule_gc(new_timer);
284 }
8bc16dea 285
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286 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2) ||
287 !list_empty(&graveyard)) {
288 /* Make sure that all pending keyring payload destructions are
289 * fulfilled and that people aren't now looking at dead or
290 * dying keys that they don't have a reference upon or a link
291 * to.
0c061b57 292 */
65d87fe6 293 kdebug("gc sync");
0c061b57 294 synchronize_rcu();
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295 }
296
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297 if (!list_empty(&graveyard)) {
298 kdebug("gc keys");
299 key_gc_unused_keys(&graveyard);
300 }
301
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302 if (unlikely(gc_state & (KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1 |
303 KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2))) {
304 if (!(gc_state & KEY_GC_FOUND_DEAD_KEY)) {
305 /* No remaining dead keys: short circuit the remaining
306 * keytype reap cycles.
307 */
308 kdebug("dead short");
309 gc_state &= ~(KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_1 | KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_2);
310 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_3;
311 } else {
312 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAP_AGAIN;
313 }
314 }
8bc16dea 315
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316 if (unlikely(gc_state & KEY_GC_REAPING_DEAD_3)) {
317 kdebug("dead wake");
318 smp_mb();
319 clear_bit(KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE, &key_gc_flags);
320 wake_up_bit(&key_gc_flags, KEY_GC_REAPING_KEYTYPE);
321 }
8bc16dea 322
0c061b57 323 if (gc_state & KEY_GC_REAP_AGAIN)
3b07e9ca 324 schedule_work(&key_gc_work);
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325 kleave(" [end %x]", gc_state);
326 return;
8bc16dea 327
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328 /* We found an unreferenced key - once we've removed it from the tree,
329 * we can safely drop the lock.
330 */
331found_unreferenced_key:
332 kdebug("unrefd key %d", key->serial);
333 rb_erase(&key->serial_node, &key_serial_tree);
334 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
8bc16dea 335
65d87fe6 336 list_add_tail(&key->graveyard_link, &graveyard);
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337 gc_state |= KEY_GC_REAP_AGAIN;
338 goto maybe_resched;
8bc16dea 339
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340 /* We found a restricted keyring and need to update the restriction if
341 * it is associated with the dead key type.
342 */
343found_restricted_keyring:
344 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
345 keyring_restriction_gc(key, key_gc_dead_keytype);
346 goto maybe_resched;
347
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348 /* We found a keyring and we need to check the payload for links to
349 * dead or expired keys. We don't flag another reap immediately as we
350 * have to wait for the old payload to be destroyed by RCU before we
351 * can reap the keys to which it refers.
352 */
353found_keyring:
354 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
62fe3182 355 keyring_gc(key, limit);
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DH
356 goto maybe_resched;
357
358 /* We found a dead key that is still referenced. Reset its type and
359 * destroy its payload with its semaphore held.
360 */
361destroy_dead_key:
362 spin_unlock(&key_serial_lock);
363 kdebug("destroy key %d", key->serial);
364 down_write(&key->sem);
365 key->type = &key_type_dead;
366 if (key_gc_dead_keytype->destroy)
367 key_gc_dead_keytype->destroy(key);
368 memset(&key->payload, KEY_DESTROY, sizeof(key->payload));
369 up_write(&key->sem);
370 goto maybe_resched;
8bc16dea 371}