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1 | // Copyright 2012-2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT |
2 | // file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at | |
3 | // http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT. | |
4 | // | |
5 | // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or | |
6 | // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license | |
7 | // <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your | |
8 | // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed | |
9 | // except according to those terms. | |
10 | ||
85aaf69f | 11 | #![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
1a4d82fc | 12 | |
c30ab7b3 | 13 | //! Thread-safe reference-counting pointers. |
1a4d82fc | 14 | //! |
c30ab7b3 | 15 | //! See the [`Arc<T>`][arc] documentation for more details. |
1a4d82fc | 16 | //! |
c30ab7b3 | 17 | //! [arc]: struct.Arc.html |
1a4d82fc | 18 | |
94b46f34 | 19 | use core::any::Any; |
e9174d1e | 20 | use core::sync::atomic; |
3157f602 | 21 | use core::sync::atomic::Ordering::{Acquire, Relaxed, Release, SeqCst}; |
e9174d1e | 22 | use core::borrow; |
85aaf69f | 23 | use core::fmt; |
c34b1796 | 24 | use core::cmp::Ordering; |
92a42be0 | 25 | use core::intrinsics::abort; |
ea8adc8c | 26 | use core::mem::{self, align_of_val, size_of_val, uninitialized}; |
92a42be0 | 27 | use core::ops::Deref; |
92a42be0 | 28 | use core::ops::CoerceUnsized; |
2c00a5a8 | 29 | use core::ptr::{self, NonNull}; |
ff7c6d11 | 30 | use core::marker::{Unsize, PhantomData}; |
1a4d82fc | 31 | use core::hash::{Hash, Hasher}; |
3157f602 | 32 | use core::{isize, usize}; |
92a42be0 | 33 | use core::convert::From; |
041b39d2 | 34 | |
94b46f34 | 35 | use alloc::{Global, Alloc, Layout, box_free, handle_alloc_error}; |
3b2f2976 XL |
36 | use boxed::Box; |
37 | use string::String; | |
38 | use vec::Vec; | |
1a4d82fc | 39 | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
40 | /// A soft limit on the amount of references that may be made to an `Arc`. |
41 | /// | |
42 | /// Going above this limit will abort your program (although not | |
43 | /// necessarily) at _exactly_ `MAX_REFCOUNT + 1` references. | |
c1a9b12d SL |
44 | const MAX_REFCOUNT: usize = (isize::MAX) as usize; |
45 | ||
041b39d2 XL |
46 | /// A thread-safe reference-counting pointer. 'Arc' stands for 'Atomically |
47 | /// Reference Counted'. | |
1a4d82fc | 48 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
49 | /// The type `Arc<T>` provides shared ownership of a value of type `T`, |
50 | /// allocated in the heap. Invoking [`clone`][clone] on `Arc` produces | |
51 | /// a new pointer to the same value in the heap. When the last `Arc` | |
52 | /// pointer to a given value is destroyed, the pointed-to value is | |
53 | /// also destroyed. | |
1a4d82fc | 54 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 55 | /// Shared references in Rust disallow mutation by default, and `Arc` is no |
ea8adc8c XL |
56 | /// exception: you cannot generally obtain a mutable reference to something |
57 | /// inside an `Arc`. If you need to mutate through an `Arc`, use | |
58 | /// [`Mutex`][mutex], [`RwLock`][rwlock], or one of the [`Atomic`][atomic] | |
59 | /// types. | |
9e0c209e | 60 | /// |
7cac9316 XL |
61 | /// ## Thread Safety |
62 | /// | |
63 | /// Unlike [`Rc<T>`], `Arc<T>` uses atomic operations for its reference | |
83c7162d | 64 | /// counting. This means that it is thread-safe. The disadvantage is that |
7cac9316 XL |
65 | /// atomic operations are more expensive than ordinary memory accesses. If you |
66 | /// are not sharing reference-counted values between threads, consider using | |
67 | /// [`Rc<T>`] for lower overhead. [`Rc<T>`] is a safe default, because the | |
68 | /// compiler will catch any attempt to send an [`Rc<T>`] between threads. | |
69 | /// However, a library might choose `Arc<T>` in order to give library consumers | |
c30ab7b3 | 70 | /// more flexibility. |
1a4d82fc | 71 | /// |
7cac9316 XL |
72 | /// `Arc<T>` will implement [`Send`] and [`Sync`] as long as the `T` implements |
73 | /// [`Send`] and [`Sync`]. Why can't you put a non-thread-safe type `T` in an | |
74 | /// `Arc<T>` to make it thread-safe? This may be a bit counter-intuitive at | |
75 | /// first: after all, isn't the point of `Arc<T>` thread safety? The key is | |
76 | /// this: `Arc<T>` makes it thread safe to have multiple ownership of the same | |
77 | /// data, but it doesn't add thread safety to its data. Consider | |
ea8adc8c XL |
78 | /// `Arc<`[`RefCell<T>`]`>`. [`RefCell<T>`] isn't [`Sync`], and if `Arc<T>` was always |
79 | /// [`Send`], `Arc<`[`RefCell<T>`]`>` would be as well. But then we'd have a problem: | |
80 | /// [`RefCell<T>`] is not thread safe; it keeps track of the borrowing count using | |
7cac9316 XL |
81 | /// non-atomic operations. |
82 | /// | |
83 | /// In the end, this means that you may need to pair `Arc<T>` with some sort of | |
ea8adc8c | 84 | /// [`std::sync`] type, usually [`Mutex<T>`][mutex]. |
7cac9316 XL |
85 | /// |
86 | /// ## Breaking cycles with `Weak` | |
87 | /// | |
c30ab7b3 | 88 | /// The [`downgrade`][downgrade] method can be used to create a non-owning |
32a655c1 SL |
89 | /// [`Weak`][weak] pointer. A [`Weak`][weak] pointer can be [`upgrade`][upgrade]d |
90 | /// to an `Arc`, but this will return [`None`] if the value has already been | |
91 | /// dropped. | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
92 | /// |
93 | /// A cycle between `Arc` pointers will never be deallocated. For this reason, | |
32a655c1 SL |
94 | /// [`Weak`][weak] is used to break cycles. For example, a tree could have |
95 | /// strong `Arc` pointers from parent nodes to children, and [`Weak`][weak] | |
96 | /// pointers from children back to their parents. | |
c30ab7b3 | 97 | /// |
7cac9316 XL |
98 | /// # Cloning references |
99 | /// | |
100 | /// Creating a new reference from an existing reference counted pointer is done using the | |
3b2f2976 | 101 | /// `Clone` trait implemented for [`Arc<T>`][arc] and [`Weak<T>`][weak]. |
7cac9316 XL |
102 | /// |
103 | /// ``` | |
104 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
105 | /// let foo = Arc::new(vec![1.0, 2.0, 3.0]); | |
106 | /// // The two syntaxes below are equivalent. | |
107 | /// let a = foo.clone(); | |
108 | /// let b = Arc::clone(&foo); | |
109 | /// // a and b both point to the same memory location as foo. | |
110 | /// ``` | |
111 | /// | |
ea8adc8c | 112 | /// The [`Arc::clone(&from)`] syntax is the most idiomatic because it conveys more explicitly |
7cac9316 XL |
113 | /// the meaning of the code. In the example above, this syntax makes it easier to see that |
114 | /// this code is creating a new reference rather than copying the whole content of foo. | |
115 | /// | |
116 | /// ## `Deref` behavior | |
117 | /// | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
118 | /// `Arc<T>` automatically dereferences to `T` (via the [`Deref`][deref] trait), |
119 | /// so you can call `T`'s methods on a value of type `Arc<T>`. To avoid name | |
120 | /// clashes with `T`'s methods, the methods of `Arc<T>` itself are [associated | |
121 | /// functions][assoc], called using function-like syntax: | |
c34b1796 AL |
122 | /// |
123 | /// ``` | |
1a4d82fc | 124 | /// use std::sync::Arc; |
c30ab7b3 | 125 | /// let my_arc = Arc::new(()); |
1a4d82fc | 126 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
127 | /// Arc::downgrade(&my_arc); |
128 | /// ``` | |
1a4d82fc | 129 | /// |
32a655c1 | 130 | /// [`Weak<T>`][weak] does not auto-dereference to `T`, because the value may have |
c30ab7b3 | 131 | /// already been destroyed. |
1a4d82fc | 132 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
133 | /// [arc]: struct.Arc.html |
134 | /// [weak]: struct.Weak.html | |
7cac9316 | 135 | /// [`Rc<T>`]: ../../std/rc/struct.Rc.html |
c30ab7b3 SL |
136 | /// [clone]: ../../std/clone/trait.Clone.html#tymethod.clone |
137 | /// [mutex]: ../../std/sync/struct.Mutex.html | |
138 | /// [rwlock]: ../../std/sync/struct.RwLock.html | |
139 | /// [atomic]: ../../std/sync/atomic/index.html | |
32a655c1 | 140 | /// [`Send`]: ../../std/marker/trait.Send.html |
7cac9316 | 141 | /// [`Sync`]: ../../std/marker/trait.Sync.html |
c30ab7b3 SL |
142 | /// [deref]: ../../std/ops/trait.Deref.html |
143 | /// [downgrade]: struct.Arc.html#method.downgrade | |
144 | /// [upgrade]: struct.Weak.html#method.upgrade | |
32a655c1 | 145 | /// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None |
cc61c64b | 146 | /// [assoc]: ../../book/first-edition/method-syntax.html#associated-functions |
ea8adc8c XL |
147 | /// [`RefCell<T>`]: ../../std/cell/struct.RefCell.html |
148 | /// [`std::sync`]: ../../std/sync/index.html | |
149 | /// [`Arc::clone(&from)`]: #method.clone | |
1a4d82fc | 150 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 151 | /// # Examples |
5bcae85e | 152 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
153 | /// Sharing some immutable data between threads: |
154 | /// | |
155 | // Note that we **do not** run these tests here. The windows builders get super | |
156 | // unhappy if a thread outlives the main thread and then exits at the same time | |
157 | // (something deadlocks) so we just avoid this entirely by not running these | |
158 | // tests. | |
5bcae85e | 159 | /// ```no_run |
c30ab7b3 | 160 | /// use std::sync::Arc; |
5bcae85e SL |
161 | /// use std::thread; |
162 | /// | |
c30ab7b3 | 163 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
5bcae85e SL |
164 | /// |
165 | /// for _ in 0..10 { | |
7cac9316 | 166 | /// let five = Arc::clone(&five); |
5bcae85e SL |
167 | /// |
168 | /// thread::spawn(move || { | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
169 | /// println!("{:?}", five); |
170 | /// }); | |
171 | /// } | |
172 | /// ``` | |
5bcae85e | 173 | /// |
32a655c1 SL |
174 | /// Sharing a mutable [`AtomicUsize`]: |
175 | /// | |
176 | /// [`AtomicUsize`]: ../../std/sync/atomic/struct.AtomicUsize.html | |
5bcae85e | 177 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
178 | /// ```no_run |
179 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
180 | /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering}; | |
181 | /// use std::thread; | |
182 | /// | |
183 | /// let val = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(5)); | |
184 | /// | |
185 | /// for _ in 0..10 { | |
7cac9316 | 186 | /// let val = Arc::clone(&val); |
c30ab7b3 SL |
187 | /// |
188 | /// thread::spawn(move || { | |
189 | /// let v = val.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst); | |
190 | /// println!("{:?}", v); | |
5bcae85e SL |
191 | /// }); |
192 | /// } | |
193 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
194 | /// |
195 | /// See the [`rc` documentation][rc_examples] for more examples of reference | |
196 | /// counting in general. | |
197 | /// | |
198 | /// [rc_examples]: ../../std/rc/index.html#examples | |
85aaf69f | 199 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 200 | pub struct Arc<T: ?Sized> { |
2c00a5a8 | 201 | ptr: NonNull<ArcInner<T>>, |
ff7c6d11 | 202 | phantom: PhantomData<T>, |
1a4d82fc JJ |
203 | } |
204 | ||
92a42be0 SL |
205 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
206 | unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Sync + Send> Send for Arc<T> {} | |
207 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] | |
208 | unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Sync + Send> Sync for Arc<T> {} | |
1a4d82fc | 209 | |
92a42be0 | 210 | #[unstable(feature = "coerce_unsized", issue = "27732")] |
62682a34 | 211 | impl<T: ?Sized + Unsize<U>, U: ?Sized> CoerceUnsized<Arc<U>> for Arc<T> {} |
1a4d82fc | 212 | |
cc61c64b XL |
213 | /// `Weak` is a version of [`Arc`] that holds a non-owning reference to the |
214 | /// managed value. The value is accessed by calling [`upgrade`] on the `Weak` | |
215 | /// pointer, which returns an [`Option`]`<`[`Arc`]`<T>>`. | |
1a4d82fc | 216 | /// |
cc61c64b XL |
217 | /// Since a `Weak` reference does not count towards ownership, it will not |
218 | /// prevent the inner value from being dropped, and `Weak` itself makes no | |
219 | /// guarantees about the value still being present and may return [`None`] | |
220 | /// when [`upgrade`]d. | |
5bcae85e | 221 | /// |
cc61c64b XL |
222 | /// A `Weak` pointer is useful for keeping a temporary reference to the value |
223 | /// within [`Arc`] without extending its lifetime. It is also used to prevent | |
224 | /// circular references between [`Arc`] pointers, since mutual owning references | |
225 | /// would never allow either [`Arc`] to be dropped. For example, a tree could | |
226 | /// have strong [`Arc`] pointers from parent nodes to children, and `Weak` | |
227 | /// pointers from children back to their parents. | |
5bcae85e | 228 | /// |
cc61c64b | 229 | /// The typical way to obtain a `Weak` pointer is to call [`Arc::downgrade`]. |
c30ab7b3 | 230 | /// |
cc61c64b XL |
231 | /// [`Arc`]: struct.Arc.html |
232 | /// [`Arc::downgrade`]: struct.Arc.html#method.downgrade | |
233 | /// [`upgrade`]: struct.Weak.html#method.upgrade | |
234 | /// [`Option`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html | |
235 | /// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None | |
e9174d1e | 236 | #[stable(feature = "arc_weak", since = "1.4.0")] |
62682a34 | 237 | pub struct Weak<T: ?Sized> { |
2c00a5a8 | 238 | ptr: NonNull<ArcInner<T>>, |
1a4d82fc JJ |
239 | } |
240 | ||
7453a54e | 241 | #[stable(feature = "arc_weak", since = "1.4.0")] |
92a42be0 | 242 | unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Sync + Send> Send for Weak<T> {} |
7453a54e | 243 | #[stable(feature = "arc_weak", since = "1.4.0")] |
92a42be0 | 244 | unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Sync + Send> Sync for Weak<T> {} |
1a4d82fc | 245 | |
92a42be0 | 246 | #[unstable(feature = "coerce_unsized", issue = "27732")] |
c1a9b12d SL |
247 | impl<T: ?Sized + Unsize<U>, U: ?Sized> CoerceUnsized<Weak<U>> for Weak<T> {} |
248 | ||
7453a54e | 249 | #[stable(feature = "arc_weak", since = "1.4.0")] |
62682a34 | 250 | impl<T: ?Sized + fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for Weak<T> { |
c34b1796 AL |
251 | fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { |
252 | write!(f, "(Weak)") | |
253 | } | |
254 | } | |
255 | ||
62682a34 | 256 | struct ArcInner<T: ?Sized> { |
85aaf69f | 257 | strong: atomic::AtomicUsize, |
c1a9b12d SL |
258 | |
259 | // the value usize::MAX acts as a sentinel for temporarily "locking" the | |
260 | // ability to upgrade weak pointers or downgrade strong ones; this is used | |
e9174d1e | 261 | // to avoid races in `make_mut` and `get_mut`. |
85aaf69f | 262 | weak: atomic::AtomicUsize, |
c1a9b12d | 263 | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
264 | data: T, |
265 | } | |
266 | ||
62682a34 SL |
267 | unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Sync + Send> Send for ArcInner<T> {} |
268 | unsafe impl<T: ?Sized + Sync + Send> Sync for ArcInner<T> {} | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
269 | |
270 | impl<T> Arc<T> { | |
271 | /// Constructs a new `Arc<T>`. | |
272 | /// | |
273 | /// # Examples | |
274 | /// | |
275 | /// ``` | |
276 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
277 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 278 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
279 | /// ``` |
280 | #[inline] | |
85aaf69f | 281 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
1a4d82fc JJ |
282 | pub fn new(data: T) -> Arc<T> { |
283 | // Start the weak pointer count as 1 which is the weak pointer that's | |
284 | // held by all the strong pointers (kinda), see std/rc.rs for more info | |
c34b1796 | 285 | let x: Box<_> = box ArcInner { |
85aaf69f SL |
286 | strong: atomic::AtomicUsize::new(1), |
287 | weak: atomic::AtomicUsize::new(1), | |
3b2f2976 | 288 | data, |
1a4d82fc | 289 | }; |
2c00a5a8 | 290 | Arc { ptr: Box::into_raw_non_null(x), phantom: PhantomData } |
e9174d1e SL |
291 | } |
292 | ||
c30ab7b3 | 293 | /// Returns the contained value, if the `Arc` has exactly one strong reference. |
e9174d1e | 294 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
295 | /// Otherwise, an [`Err`][result] is returned with the same `Arc` that was |
296 | /// passed in. | |
e9174d1e | 297 | /// |
54a0048b SL |
298 | /// This will succeed even if there are outstanding weak references. |
299 | /// | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
300 | /// [result]: ../../std/result/enum.Result.html |
301 | /// | |
e9174d1e SL |
302 | /// # Examples |
303 | /// | |
304 | /// ``` | |
305 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
306 | /// | |
307 | /// let x = Arc::new(3); | |
308 | /// assert_eq!(Arc::try_unwrap(x), Ok(3)); | |
309 | /// | |
310 | /// let x = Arc::new(4); | |
7cac9316 | 311 | /// let _y = Arc::clone(&x); |
c30ab7b3 | 312 | /// assert_eq!(*Arc::try_unwrap(x).unwrap_err(), 4); |
e9174d1e SL |
313 | /// ``` |
314 | #[inline] | |
315 | #[stable(feature = "arc_unique", since = "1.4.0")] | |
316 | pub fn try_unwrap(this: Self) -> Result<T, Self> { | |
317 | // See `drop` for why all these atomics are like this | |
54a0048b | 318 | if this.inner().strong.compare_exchange(1, 0, Release, Relaxed).is_err() { |
92a42be0 | 319 | return Err(this); |
b039eaaf | 320 | } |
e9174d1e SL |
321 | |
322 | atomic::fence(Acquire); | |
323 | ||
324 | unsafe { | |
7cac9316 | 325 | let elem = ptr::read(&this.ptr.as_ref().data); |
e9174d1e SL |
326 | |
327 | // Make a weak pointer to clean up the implicit strong-weak reference | |
54a0048b | 328 | let _weak = Weak { ptr: this.ptr }; |
e9174d1e SL |
329 | mem::forget(this); |
330 | ||
331 | Ok(elem) | |
332 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 333 | } |
ea8adc8c | 334 | } |
476ff2be | 335 | |
ea8adc8c | 336 | impl<T: ?Sized> Arc<T> { |
476ff2be SL |
337 | /// Consumes the `Arc`, returning the wrapped pointer. |
338 | /// | |
339 | /// To avoid a memory leak the pointer must be converted back to an `Arc` using | |
340 | /// [`Arc::from_raw`][from_raw]. | |
341 | /// | |
342 | /// [from_raw]: struct.Arc.html#method.from_raw | |
343 | /// | |
344 | /// # Examples | |
345 | /// | |
346 | /// ``` | |
476ff2be SL |
347 | /// use std::sync::Arc; |
348 | /// | |
349 | /// let x = Arc::new(10); | |
350 | /// let x_ptr = Arc::into_raw(x); | |
351 | /// assert_eq!(unsafe { *x_ptr }, 10); | |
352 | /// ``` | |
8bb4bdeb XL |
353 | #[stable(feature = "rc_raw", since = "1.17.0")] |
354 | pub fn into_raw(this: Self) -> *const T { | |
7cac9316 | 355 | let ptr: *const T = &*this; |
476ff2be SL |
356 | mem::forget(this); |
357 | ptr | |
358 | } | |
359 | ||
360 | /// Constructs an `Arc` from a raw pointer. | |
361 | /// | |
362 | /// The raw pointer must have been previously returned by a call to a | |
363 | /// [`Arc::into_raw`][into_raw]. | |
364 | /// | |
365 | /// This function is unsafe because improper use may lead to memory problems. For example, a | |
366 | /// double-free may occur if the function is called twice on the same raw pointer. | |
367 | /// | |
368 | /// [into_raw]: struct.Arc.html#method.into_raw | |
369 | /// | |
370 | /// # Examples | |
371 | /// | |
372 | /// ``` | |
476ff2be SL |
373 | /// use std::sync::Arc; |
374 | /// | |
375 | /// let x = Arc::new(10); | |
376 | /// let x_ptr = Arc::into_raw(x); | |
377 | /// | |
378 | /// unsafe { | |
379 | /// // Convert back to an `Arc` to prevent leak. | |
380 | /// let x = Arc::from_raw(x_ptr); | |
381 | /// assert_eq!(*x, 10); | |
382 | /// | |
383 | /// // Further calls to `Arc::from_raw(x_ptr)` would be memory unsafe. | |
384 | /// } | |
385 | /// | |
386 | /// // The memory was freed when `x` went out of scope above, so `x_ptr` is now dangling! | |
387 | /// ``` | |
8bb4bdeb XL |
388 | #[stable(feature = "rc_raw", since = "1.17.0")] |
389 | pub unsafe fn from_raw(ptr: *const T) -> Self { | |
ea8adc8c XL |
390 | // Align the unsized value to the end of the ArcInner. |
391 | // Because it is ?Sized, it will always be the last field in memory. | |
392 | let align = align_of_val(&*ptr); | |
393 | let layout = Layout::new::<ArcInner<()>>(); | |
394 | let offset = (layout.size() + layout.padding_needed_for(align)) as isize; | |
395 | ||
396 | // Reverse the offset to find the original ArcInner. | |
397 | let fake_ptr = ptr as *mut ArcInner<T>; | |
398 | let arc_ptr = set_data_ptr(fake_ptr, (ptr as *mut u8).offset(-offset)); | |
399 | ||
8bb4bdeb | 400 | Arc { |
2c00a5a8 | 401 | ptr: NonNull::new_unchecked(arc_ptr), |
ff7c6d11 | 402 | phantom: PhantomData, |
8bb4bdeb | 403 | } |
476ff2be | 404 | } |
1a4d82fc | 405 | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
406 | /// Creates a new [`Weak`][weak] pointer to this value. |
407 | /// | |
408 | /// [weak]: struct.Weak.html | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
409 | /// |
410 | /// # Examples | |
411 | /// | |
412 | /// ``` | |
413 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
414 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 415 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 416 | /// |
e9174d1e | 417 | /// let weak_five = Arc::downgrade(&five); |
1a4d82fc | 418 | /// ``` |
e9174d1e SL |
419 | #[stable(feature = "arc_weak", since = "1.4.0")] |
420 | pub fn downgrade(this: &Self) -> Weak<T> { | |
54a0048b SL |
421 | // This Relaxed is OK because we're checking the value in the CAS |
422 | // below. | |
423 | let mut cur = this.inner().weak.load(Relaxed); | |
c1a9b12d | 424 | |
54a0048b | 425 | loop { |
c1a9b12d | 426 | // check if the weak counter is currently "locked"; if so, spin. |
b039eaaf | 427 | if cur == usize::MAX { |
54a0048b | 428 | cur = this.inner().weak.load(Relaxed); |
92a42be0 | 429 | continue; |
b039eaaf | 430 | } |
c1a9b12d SL |
431 | |
432 | // NOTE: this code currently ignores the possibility of overflow | |
433 | // into usize::MAX; in general both Rc and Arc need to be adjusted | |
434 | // to deal with overflow. | |
435 | ||
436 | // Unlike with Clone(), we need this to be an Acquire read to | |
437 | // synchronize with the write coming from `is_unique`, so that the | |
438 | // events prior to that write happen before this read. | |
54a0048b SL |
439 | match this.inner().weak.compare_exchange_weak(cur, cur + 1, Acquire, Relaxed) { |
440 | Ok(_) => return Weak { ptr: this.ptr }, | |
441 | Err(old) => cur = old, | |
c1a9b12d SL |
442 | } |
443 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 444 | } |
1a4d82fc | 445 | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
446 | /// Gets the number of [`Weak`][weak] pointers to this value. |
447 | /// | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
448 | /// [weak]: struct.Weak.html |
449 | /// | |
476ff2be SL |
450 | /// # Safety |
451 | /// | |
452 | /// This method by itself is safe, but using it correctly requires extra care. | |
453 | /// Another thread can change the weak count at any time, | |
454 | /// including potentially between calling this method and acting on the result. | |
455 | /// | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
456 | /// # Examples |
457 | /// | |
458 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
459 | /// use std::sync::Arc; |
460 | /// | |
461 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); | |
462 | /// let _weak_five = Arc::downgrade(&five); | |
463 | /// | |
464 | /// // This assertion is deterministic because we haven't shared | |
465 | /// // the `Arc` or `Weak` between threads. | |
466 | /// assert_eq!(1, Arc::weak_count(&five)); | |
467 | /// ``` | |
62682a34 | 468 | #[inline] |
476ff2be | 469 | #[stable(feature = "arc_counts", since = "1.15.0")] |
e9174d1e | 470 | pub fn weak_count(this: &Self) -> usize { |
3b2f2976 XL |
471 | let cnt = this.inner().weak.load(SeqCst); |
472 | // If the weak count is currently locked, the value of the | |
473 | // count was 0 just before taking the lock. | |
474 | if cnt == usize::MAX { 0 } else { cnt - 1 } | |
62682a34 SL |
475 | } |
476 | ||
c30ab7b3 SL |
477 | /// Gets the number of strong (`Arc`) pointers to this value. |
478 | /// | |
476ff2be SL |
479 | /// # Safety |
480 | /// | |
481 | /// This method by itself is safe, but using it correctly requires extra care. | |
482 | /// Another thread can change the strong count at any time, | |
483 | /// including potentially between calling this method and acting on the result. | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
484 | /// |
485 | /// # Examples | |
486 | /// | |
487 | /// ``` | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
488 | /// use std::sync::Arc; |
489 | /// | |
490 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); | |
7cac9316 | 491 | /// let _also_five = Arc::clone(&five); |
c30ab7b3 SL |
492 | /// |
493 | /// // This assertion is deterministic because we haven't shared | |
494 | /// // the `Arc` between threads. | |
495 | /// assert_eq!(2, Arc::strong_count(&five)); | |
496 | /// ``` | |
62682a34 | 497 | #[inline] |
476ff2be | 498 | #[stable(feature = "arc_counts", since = "1.15.0")] |
e9174d1e | 499 | pub fn strong_count(this: &Self) -> usize { |
62682a34 SL |
500 | this.inner().strong.load(SeqCst) |
501 | } | |
502 | ||
1a4d82fc JJ |
503 | #[inline] |
504 | fn inner(&self) -> &ArcInner<T> { | |
c34b1796 AL |
505 | // This unsafety is ok because while this arc is alive we're guaranteed |
506 | // that the inner pointer is valid. Furthermore, we know that the | |
507 | // `ArcInner` structure itself is `Sync` because the inner data is | |
508 | // `Sync` as well, so we're ok loaning out an immutable pointer to these | |
509 | // contents. | |
7cac9316 | 510 | unsafe { self.ptr.as_ref() } |
1a4d82fc | 511 | } |
c34b1796 AL |
512 | |
513 | // Non-inlined part of `drop`. | |
514 | #[inline(never)] | |
515 | unsafe fn drop_slow(&mut self) { | |
c34b1796 AL |
516 | // Destroy the data at this time, even though we may not free the box |
517 | // allocation itself (there may still be weak pointers lying around). | |
7cac9316 | 518 | ptr::drop_in_place(&mut self.ptr.as_mut().data); |
c34b1796 AL |
519 | |
520 | if self.inner().weak.fetch_sub(1, Release) == 1 { | |
521 | atomic::fence(Acquire); | |
94b46f34 | 522 | Global.dealloc(self.ptr.cast(), Layout::for_value(self.ptr.as_ref())) |
c34b1796 AL |
523 | } |
524 | } | |
9e0c209e SL |
525 | |
526 | #[inline] | |
8bb4bdeb | 527 | #[stable(feature = "ptr_eq", since = "1.17.0")] |
c30ab7b3 SL |
528 | /// Returns true if the two `Arc`s point to the same value (not |
529 | /// just values that compare as equal). | |
9e0c209e SL |
530 | /// |
531 | /// # Examples | |
532 | /// | |
533 | /// ``` | |
9e0c209e SL |
534 | /// use std::sync::Arc; |
535 | /// | |
536 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); | |
7cac9316 | 537 | /// let same_five = Arc::clone(&five); |
9e0c209e SL |
538 | /// let other_five = Arc::new(5); |
539 | /// | |
540 | /// assert!(Arc::ptr_eq(&five, &same_five)); | |
541 | /// assert!(!Arc::ptr_eq(&five, &other_five)); | |
542 | /// ``` | |
543 | pub fn ptr_eq(this: &Self, other: &Self) -> bool { | |
7cac9316 | 544 | this.ptr.as_ptr() == other.ptr.as_ptr() |
9e0c209e | 545 | } |
1a4d82fc JJ |
546 | } |
547 | ||
3b2f2976 XL |
548 | impl<T: ?Sized> Arc<T> { |
549 | // Allocates an `ArcInner<T>` with sufficient space for an unsized value | |
550 | unsafe fn allocate_for_ptr(ptr: *const T) -> *mut ArcInner<T> { | |
551 | // Create a fake ArcInner to find allocation size and alignment | |
552 | let fake_ptr = ptr as *mut ArcInner<T>; | |
553 | ||
554 | let layout = Layout::for_value(&*fake_ptr); | |
555 | ||
83c7162d | 556 | let mem = Global.alloc(layout) |
94b46f34 | 557 | .unwrap_or_else(|_| handle_alloc_error(layout)); |
3b2f2976 XL |
558 | |
559 | // Initialize the real ArcInner | |
83c7162d | 560 | let inner = set_data_ptr(ptr as *mut T, mem.as_ptr() as *mut u8) as *mut ArcInner<T>; |
3b2f2976 XL |
561 | |
562 | ptr::write(&mut (*inner).strong, atomic::AtomicUsize::new(1)); | |
563 | ptr::write(&mut (*inner).weak, atomic::AtomicUsize::new(1)); | |
564 | ||
565 | inner | |
566 | } | |
567 | ||
568 | fn from_box(v: Box<T>) -> Arc<T> { | |
569 | unsafe { | |
83c7162d XL |
570 | let box_unique = Box::into_unique(v); |
571 | let bptr = box_unique.as_ptr(); | |
3b2f2976 XL |
572 | |
573 | let value_size = size_of_val(&*bptr); | |
574 | let ptr = Self::allocate_for_ptr(bptr); | |
575 | ||
576 | // Copy value as bytes | |
577 | ptr::copy_nonoverlapping( | |
578 | bptr as *const T as *const u8, | |
579 | &mut (*ptr).data as *mut _ as *mut u8, | |
580 | value_size); | |
581 | ||
582 | // Free the allocation without dropping its contents | |
83c7162d | 583 | box_free(box_unique); |
3b2f2976 | 584 | |
2c00a5a8 | 585 | Arc { ptr: NonNull::new_unchecked(ptr), phantom: PhantomData } |
3b2f2976 XL |
586 | } |
587 | } | |
588 | } | |
589 | ||
590 | // Sets the data pointer of a `?Sized` raw pointer. | |
591 | // | |
592 | // For a slice/trait object, this sets the `data` field and leaves the rest | |
593 | // unchanged. For a sized raw pointer, this simply sets the pointer. | |
594 | unsafe fn set_data_ptr<T: ?Sized, U>(mut ptr: *mut T, data: *mut U) -> *mut T { | |
595 | ptr::write(&mut ptr as *mut _ as *mut *mut u8, data as *mut u8); | |
596 | ptr | |
597 | } | |
598 | ||
599 | impl<T> Arc<[T]> { | |
600 | // Copy elements from slice into newly allocated Arc<[T]> | |
601 | // | |
602 | // Unsafe because the caller must either take ownership or bind `T: Copy` | |
603 | unsafe fn copy_from_slice(v: &[T]) -> Arc<[T]> { | |
604 | let v_ptr = v as *const [T]; | |
605 | let ptr = Self::allocate_for_ptr(v_ptr); | |
606 | ||
607 | ptr::copy_nonoverlapping( | |
608 | v.as_ptr(), | |
609 | &mut (*ptr).data as *mut [T] as *mut T, | |
610 | v.len()); | |
611 | ||
2c00a5a8 | 612 | Arc { ptr: NonNull::new_unchecked(ptr), phantom: PhantomData } |
3b2f2976 XL |
613 | } |
614 | } | |
615 | ||
616 | // Specialization trait used for From<&[T]> | |
617 | trait ArcFromSlice<T> { | |
618 | fn from_slice(slice: &[T]) -> Self; | |
619 | } | |
620 | ||
621 | impl<T: Clone> ArcFromSlice<T> for Arc<[T]> { | |
622 | #[inline] | |
623 | default fn from_slice(v: &[T]) -> Self { | |
624 | // Panic guard while cloning T elements. | |
625 | // In the event of a panic, elements that have been written | |
626 | // into the new ArcInner will be dropped, then the memory freed. | |
627 | struct Guard<T> { | |
83c7162d | 628 | mem: NonNull<u8>, |
3b2f2976 XL |
629 | elems: *mut T, |
630 | layout: Layout, | |
631 | n_elems: usize, | |
632 | } | |
633 | ||
634 | impl<T> Drop for Guard<T> { | |
635 | fn drop(&mut self) { | |
636 | use core::slice::from_raw_parts_mut; | |
637 | ||
638 | unsafe { | |
639 | let slice = from_raw_parts_mut(self.elems, self.n_elems); | |
640 | ptr::drop_in_place(slice); | |
641 | ||
94b46f34 | 642 | Global.dealloc(self.mem.cast(), self.layout.clone()); |
3b2f2976 XL |
643 | } |
644 | } | |
645 | } | |
646 | ||
647 | unsafe { | |
648 | let v_ptr = v as *const [T]; | |
649 | let ptr = Self::allocate_for_ptr(v_ptr); | |
650 | ||
651 | let mem = ptr as *mut _ as *mut u8; | |
652 | let layout = Layout::for_value(&*ptr); | |
653 | ||
654 | // Pointer to first element | |
655 | let elems = &mut (*ptr).data as *mut [T] as *mut T; | |
656 | ||
657 | let mut guard = Guard{ | |
83c7162d | 658 | mem: NonNull::new_unchecked(mem), |
3b2f2976 XL |
659 | elems: elems, |
660 | layout: layout, | |
661 | n_elems: 0, | |
662 | }; | |
663 | ||
664 | for (i, item) in v.iter().enumerate() { | |
665 | ptr::write(elems.offset(i as isize), item.clone()); | |
666 | guard.n_elems += 1; | |
667 | } | |
668 | ||
669 | // All clear. Forget the guard so it doesn't free the new ArcInner. | |
670 | mem::forget(guard); | |
671 | ||
2c00a5a8 | 672 | Arc { ptr: NonNull::new_unchecked(ptr), phantom: PhantomData } |
3b2f2976 XL |
673 | } |
674 | } | |
675 | } | |
676 | ||
677 | impl<T: Copy> ArcFromSlice<T> for Arc<[T]> { | |
678 | #[inline] | |
679 | fn from_slice(v: &[T]) -> Self { | |
680 | unsafe { Arc::copy_from_slice(v) } | |
681 | } | |
682 | } | |
683 | ||
85aaf69f | 684 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 685 | impl<T: ?Sized> Clone for Arc<T> { |
c30ab7b3 | 686 | /// Makes a clone of the `Arc` pointer. |
1a4d82fc | 687 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
688 | /// This creates another pointer to the same inner value, increasing the |
689 | /// strong reference count. | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
690 | /// |
691 | /// # Examples | |
692 | /// | |
693 | /// ``` | |
694 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
695 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 696 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 697 | /// |
7cac9316 | 698 | /// Arc::clone(&five); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
699 | /// ``` |
700 | #[inline] | |
701 | fn clone(&self) -> Arc<T> { | |
c34b1796 AL |
702 | // Using a relaxed ordering is alright here, as knowledge of the |
703 | // original reference prevents other threads from erroneously deleting | |
704 | // the object. | |
1a4d82fc | 705 | // |
c34b1796 AL |
706 | // As explained in the [Boost documentation][1], Increasing the |
707 | // reference counter can always be done with memory_order_relaxed: New | |
708 | // references to an object can only be formed from an existing | |
709 | // reference, and passing an existing reference from one thread to | |
710 | // another must already provide any required synchronization. | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
711 | // |
712 | // [1]: (www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_55_0/doc/html/atomic/usage_examples.html) | |
c1a9b12d SL |
713 | let old_size = self.inner().strong.fetch_add(1, Relaxed); |
714 | ||
715 | // However we need to guard against massive refcounts in case someone | |
716 | // is `mem::forget`ing Arcs. If we don't do this the count can overflow | |
717 | // and users will use-after free. We racily saturate to `isize::MAX` on | |
718 | // the assumption that there aren't ~2 billion threads incrementing | |
719 | // the reference count at once. This branch will never be taken in | |
720 | // any realistic program. | |
721 | // | |
722 | // We abort because such a program is incredibly degenerate, and we | |
723 | // don't care to support it. | |
724 | if old_size > MAX_REFCOUNT { | |
b039eaaf SL |
725 | unsafe { |
726 | abort(); | |
727 | } | |
c1a9b12d SL |
728 | } |
729 | ||
ff7c6d11 | 730 | Arc { ptr: self.ptr, phantom: PhantomData } |
1a4d82fc JJ |
731 | } |
732 | } | |
733 | ||
85aaf69f | 734 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 735 | impl<T: ?Sized> Deref for Arc<T> { |
1a4d82fc JJ |
736 | type Target = T; |
737 | ||
738 | #[inline] | |
739 | fn deref(&self) -> &T { | |
740 | &self.inner().data | |
741 | } | |
742 | } | |
743 | ||
c34b1796 | 744 | impl<T: Clone> Arc<T> { |
c30ab7b3 SL |
745 | /// Makes a mutable reference into the given `Arc`. |
746 | /// | |
747 | /// If there are other `Arc` or [`Weak`][weak] pointers to the same value, | |
748 | /// then `make_mut` will invoke [`clone`][clone] on the inner value to | |
749 | /// ensure unique ownership. This is also referred to as clone-on-write. | |
1a4d82fc | 750 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
751 | /// See also [`get_mut`][get_mut], which will fail rather than cloning. |
752 | /// | |
753 | /// [weak]: struct.Weak.html | |
754 | /// [clone]: ../../std/clone/trait.Clone.html#tymethod.clone | |
755 | /// [get_mut]: struct.Arc.html#method.get_mut | |
62682a34 | 756 | /// |
1a4d82fc JJ |
757 | /// # Examples |
758 | /// | |
759 | /// ``` | |
760 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
761 | /// | |
e9174d1e SL |
762 | /// let mut data = Arc::new(5); |
763 | /// | |
764 | /// *Arc::make_mut(&mut data) += 1; // Won't clone anything | |
7cac9316 | 765 | /// let mut other_data = Arc::clone(&data); // Won't clone inner data |
e9174d1e SL |
766 | /// *Arc::make_mut(&mut data) += 1; // Clones inner data |
767 | /// *Arc::make_mut(&mut data) += 1; // Won't clone anything | |
768 | /// *Arc::make_mut(&mut other_data) *= 2; // Won't clone anything | |
769 | /// | |
c30ab7b3 | 770 | /// // Now `data` and `other_data` point to different values. |
e9174d1e SL |
771 | /// assert_eq!(*data, 8); |
772 | /// assert_eq!(*other_data, 12); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
773 | /// ``` |
774 | #[inline] | |
e9174d1e SL |
775 | #[stable(feature = "arc_unique", since = "1.4.0")] |
776 | pub fn make_mut(this: &mut Self) -> &mut T { | |
c1a9b12d SL |
777 | // Note that we hold both a strong reference and a weak reference. |
778 | // Thus, releasing our strong reference only will not, by itself, cause | |
779 | // the memory to be deallocated. | |
62682a34 | 780 | // |
c1a9b12d SL |
781 | // Use Acquire to ensure that we see any writes to `weak` that happen |
782 | // before release writes (i.e., decrements) to `strong`. Since we hold a | |
783 | // weak count, there's no chance the ArcInner itself could be | |
784 | // deallocated. | |
54a0048b | 785 | if this.inner().strong.compare_exchange(1, 0, Acquire, Relaxed).is_err() { |
9cc50fc6 | 786 | // Another strong pointer exists; clone |
c1a9b12d SL |
787 | *this = Arc::new((**this).clone()); |
788 | } else if this.inner().weak.load(Relaxed) != 1 { | |
789 | // Relaxed suffices in the above because this is fundamentally an | |
790 | // optimization: we are always racing with weak pointers being | |
791 | // dropped. Worst case, we end up allocated a new Arc unnecessarily. | |
792 | ||
793 | // We removed the last strong ref, but there are additional weak | |
794 | // refs remaining. We'll move the contents to a new Arc, and | |
795 | // invalidate the other weak refs. | |
796 | ||
797 | // Note that it is not possible for the read of `weak` to yield | |
798 | // usize::MAX (i.e., locked), since the weak count can only be | |
799 | // locked by a thread with a strong reference. | |
800 | ||
801 | // Materialize our own implicit weak pointer, so that it can clean | |
802 | // up the ArcInner as needed. | |
54a0048b | 803 | let weak = Weak { ptr: this.ptr }; |
c1a9b12d SL |
804 | |
805 | // mark the data itself as already deallocated | |
806 | unsafe { | |
807 | // there is no data race in the implicit write caused by `read` | |
808 | // here (due to zeroing) because data is no longer accessed by | |
809 | // other threads (due to there being no more strong refs at this | |
810 | // point). | |
7cac9316 | 811 | let mut swap = Arc::new(ptr::read(&weak.ptr.as_ref().data)); |
c1a9b12d SL |
812 | mem::swap(this, &mut swap); |
813 | mem::forget(swap); | |
814 | } | |
815 | } else { | |
816 | // We were the sole reference of either kind; bump back up the | |
817 | // strong ref count. | |
818 | this.inner().strong.store(1, Release); | |
1a4d82fc | 819 | } |
c1a9b12d | 820 | |
9346a6ac | 821 | // As with `get_mut()`, the unsafety is ok because our reference was |
c34b1796 | 822 | // either unique to begin with, or became one upon cloning the contents. |
c1a9b12d | 823 | unsafe { |
7cac9316 | 824 | &mut this.ptr.as_mut().data |
c1a9b12d | 825 | } |
1a4d82fc JJ |
826 | } |
827 | } | |
828 | ||
c1a9b12d | 829 | impl<T: ?Sized> Arc<T> { |
c30ab7b3 SL |
830 | /// Returns a mutable reference to the inner value, if there are |
831 | /// no other `Arc` or [`Weak`][weak] pointers to the same value. | |
832 | /// | |
833 | /// Returns [`None`][option] otherwise, because it is not safe to | |
834 | /// mutate a shared value. | |
835 | /// | |
836 | /// See also [`make_mut`][make_mut], which will [`clone`][clone] | |
837 | /// the inner value when it's shared. | |
838 | /// | |
839 | /// [weak]: struct.Weak.html | |
840 | /// [option]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html | |
841 | /// [make_mut]: struct.Arc.html#method.make_mut | |
842 | /// [clone]: ../../std/clone/trait.Clone.html#tymethod.clone | |
c1a9b12d SL |
843 | /// |
844 | /// # Examples | |
845 | /// | |
846 | /// ``` | |
e9174d1e | 847 | /// use std::sync::Arc; |
c1a9b12d SL |
848 | /// |
849 | /// let mut x = Arc::new(3); | |
850 | /// *Arc::get_mut(&mut x).unwrap() = 4; | |
851 | /// assert_eq!(*x, 4); | |
852 | /// | |
7cac9316 | 853 | /// let _y = Arc::clone(&x); |
c1a9b12d | 854 | /// assert!(Arc::get_mut(&mut x).is_none()); |
c1a9b12d SL |
855 | /// ``` |
856 | #[inline] | |
e9174d1e SL |
857 | #[stable(feature = "arc_unique", since = "1.4.0")] |
858 | pub fn get_mut(this: &mut Self) -> Option<&mut T> { | |
c1a9b12d SL |
859 | if this.is_unique() { |
860 | // This unsafety is ok because we're guaranteed that the pointer | |
861 | // returned is the *only* pointer that will ever be returned to T. Our | |
862 | // reference count is guaranteed to be 1 at this point, and we required | |
863 | // the Arc itself to be `mut`, so we're returning the only possible | |
864 | // reference to the inner data. | |
865 | unsafe { | |
7cac9316 | 866 | Some(&mut this.ptr.as_mut().data) |
c1a9b12d SL |
867 | } |
868 | } else { | |
869 | None | |
870 | } | |
871 | } | |
872 | ||
873 | /// Determine whether this is the unique reference (including weak refs) to | |
874 | /// the underlying data. | |
875 | /// | |
876 | /// Note that this requires locking the weak ref count. | |
877 | fn is_unique(&mut self) -> bool { | |
878 | // lock the weak pointer count if we appear to be the sole weak pointer | |
879 | // holder. | |
880 | // | |
881 | // The acquire label here ensures a happens-before relationship with any | |
882 | // writes to `strong` prior to decrements of the `weak` count (via drop, | |
883 | // which uses Release). | |
54a0048b | 884 | if self.inner().weak.compare_exchange(1, usize::MAX, Acquire, Relaxed).is_ok() { |
c1a9b12d SL |
885 | // Due to the previous acquire read, this will observe any writes to |
886 | // `strong` that were due to upgrading weak pointers; only strong | |
887 | // clones remain, which require that the strong count is > 1 anyway. | |
888 | let unique = self.inner().strong.load(Relaxed) == 1; | |
889 | ||
890 | // The release write here synchronizes with a read in `downgrade`, | |
891 | // effectively preventing the above read of `strong` from happening | |
892 | // after the write. | |
893 | self.inner().weak.store(1, Release); // release the lock | |
894 | unique | |
895 | } else { | |
896 | false | |
897 | } | |
898 | } | |
899 | } | |
900 | ||
85aaf69f | 901 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
32a655c1 | 902 | unsafe impl<#[may_dangle] T: ?Sized> Drop for Arc<T> { |
c30ab7b3 | 903 | /// Drops the `Arc`. |
1a4d82fc | 904 | /// |
c34b1796 | 905 | /// This will decrement the strong reference count. If the strong reference |
c30ab7b3 SL |
906 | /// count reaches zero then the only other references (if any) are |
907 | /// [`Weak`][weak], so we `drop` the inner value. | |
908 | /// | |
909 | /// [weak]: struct.Weak.html | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
910 | /// |
911 | /// # Examples | |
912 | /// | |
913 | /// ``` | |
914 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
915 | /// | |
c30ab7b3 | 916 | /// struct Foo; |
1a4d82fc | 917 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
918 | /// impl Drop for Foo { |
919 | /// fn drop(&mut self) { | |
920 | /// println!("dropped!"); | |
921 | /// } | |
1a4d82fc | 922 | /// } |
1a4d82fc | 923 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 924 | /// let foo = Arc::new(Foo); |
7cac9316 | 925 | /// let foo2 = Arc::clone(&foo); |
1a4d82fc | 926 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
927 | /// drop(foo); // Doesn't print anything |
928 | /// drop(foo2); // Prints "dropped!" | |
1a4d82fc | 929 | /// ``` |
c34b1796 | 930 | #[inline] |
1a4d82fc | 931 | fn drop(&mut self) { |
c34b1796 AL |
932 | // Because `fetch_sub` is already atomic, we do not need to synchronize |
933 | // with other threads unless we are going to delete the object. This | |
934 | // same logic applies to the below `fetch_sub` to the `weak` count. | |
b039eaaf | 935 | if self.inner().strong.fetch_sub(1, Release) != 1 { |
92a42be0 | 936 | return; |
b039eaaf | 937 | } |
1a4d82fc | 938 | |
c34b1796 AL |
939 | // This fence is needed to prevent reordering of use of the data and |
940 | // deletion of the data. Because it is marked `Release`, the decreasing | |
941 | // of the reference count synchronizes with this `Acquire` fence. This | |
942 | // means that use of the data happens before decreasing the reference | |
943 | // count, which happens before this fence, which happens before the | |
944 | // deletion of the data. | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
945 | // |
946 | // As explained in the [Boost documentation][1], | |
947 | // | |
c34b1796 AL |
948 | // > It is important to enforce any possible access to the object in one |
949 | // > thread (through an existing reference) to *happen before* deleting | |
950 | // > the object in a different thread. This is achieved by a "release" | |
951 | // > operation after dropping a reference (any access to the object | |
952 | // > through this reference must obviously happened before), and an | |
953 | // > "acquire" operation before deleting the object. | |
1a4d82fc | 954 | // |
7cac9316 XL |
955 | // In particular, while the contents of an Arc are usually immutable, it's |
956 | // possible to have interior writes to something like a Mutex<T>. Since a | |
957 | // Mutex is not acquired when it is deleted, we can't rely on its | |
958 | // synchronization logic to make writes in thread A visible to a destructor | |
959 | // running in thread B. | |
960 | // | |
961 | // Also note that the Acquire fence here could probably be replaced with an | |
962 | // Acquire load, which could improve performance in highly-contended | |
963 | // situations. See [2]. | |
964 | // | |
1a4d82fc | 965 | // [1]: (www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_55_0/doc/html/atomic/usage_examples.html) |
7cac9316 | 966 | // [2]: (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/41714) |
1a4d82fc JJ |
967 | atomic::fence(Acquire); |
968 | ||
c34b1796 | 969 | unsafe { |
b039eaaf | 970 | self.drop_slow(); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
971 | } |
972 | } | |
973 | } | |
974 | ||
94b46f34 XL |
975 | impl Arc<Any + Send + Sync> { |
976 | #[inline] | |
977 | #[unstable(feature = "rc_downcast", issue = "44608")] | |
978 | /// Attempt to downcast the `Arc<Any + Send + Sync>` to a concrete type. | |
979 | /// | |
980 | /// # Examples | |
981 | /// | |
982 | /// ``` | |
983 | /// #![feature(rc_downcast)] | |
984 | /// use std::any::Any; | |
985 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
986 | /// | |
987 | /// fn print_if_string(value: Arc<Any + Send + Sync>) { | |
988 | /// if let Ok(string) = value.downcast::<String>() { | |
989 | /// println!("String ({}): {}", string.len(), string); | |
990 | /// } | |
991 | /// } | |
992 | /// | |
993 | /// fn main() { | |
994 | /// let my_string = "Hello World".to_string(); | |
995 | /// print_if_string(Arc::new(my_string)); | |
996 | /// print_if_string(Arc::new(0i8)); | |
997 | /// } | |
998 | /// ``` | |
999 | pub fn downcast<T>(self) -> Result<Arc<T>, Self> | |
1000 | where | |
1001 | T: Any + Send + Sync + 'static, | |
1002 | { | |
1003 | if (*self).is::<T>() { | |
1004 | let ptr = self.ptr.cast::<ArcInner<T>>(); | |
1005 | mem::forget(self); | |
1006 | Ok(Arc { ptr, phantom: PhantomData }) | |
1007 | } else { | |
1008 | Err(self) | |
1009 | } | |
1010 | } | |
1011 | } | |
1012 | ||
a7813a04 | 1013 | impl<T> Weak<T> { |
cc61c64b XL |
1014 | /// Constructs a new `Weak<T>`, allocating memory for `T` without initializing |
1015 | /// it. Calling [`upgrade`] on the return value always gives [`None`]. | |
c30ab7b3 | 1016 | /// |
cc61c64b XL |
1017 | /// [`upgrade`]: struct.Weak.html#method.upgrade |
1018 | /// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None | |
a7813a04 XL |
1019 | /// |
1020 | /// # Examples | |
1021 | /// | |
1022 | /// ``` | |
1023 | /// use std::sync::Weak; | |
1024 | /// | |
1025 | /// let empty: Weak<i64> = Weak::new(); | |
c30ab7b3 | 1026 | /// assert!(empty.upgrade().is_none()); |
a7813a04 XL |
1027 | /// ``` |
1028 | #[stable(feature = "downgraded_weak", since = "1.10.0")] | |
1029 | pub fn new() -> Weak<T> { | |
1030 | unsafe { | |
3157f602 | 1031 | Weak { |
2c00a5a8 | 1032 | ptr: Box::into_raw_non_null(box ArcInner { |
3157f602 XL |
1033 | strong: atomic::AtomicUsize::new(0), |
1034 | weak: atomic::AtomicUsize::new(1), | |
1035 | data: uninitialized(), | |
2c00a5a8 | 1036 | }), |
3157f602 | 1037 | } |
a7813a04 XL |
1038 | } |
1039 | } | |
1040 | } | |
1041 | ||
62682a34 | 1042 | impl<T: ?Sized> Weak<T> { |
cc61c64b XL |
1043 | /// Attempts to upgrade the `Weak` pointer to an [`Arc`], extending |
1044 | /// the lifetime of the value if successful. | |
1a4d82fc | 1045 | /// |
cc61c64b | 1046 | /// Returns [`None`] if the value has since been dropped. |
1a4d82fc | 1047 | /// |
cc61c64b XL |
1048 | /// [`Arc`]: struct.Arc.html |
1049 | /// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1050 | /// |
1051 | /// # Examples | |
1052 | /// | |
1053 | /// ``` | |
1054 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
1055 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 1056 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 1057 | /// |
e9174d1e | 1058 | /// let weak_five = Arc::downgrade(&five); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1059 | /// |
1060 | /// let strong_five: Option<Arc<_>> = weak_five.upgrade(); | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
1061 | /// assert!(strong_five.is_some()); |
1062 | /// | |
1063 | /// // Destroy all strong pointers. | |
1064 | /// drop(strong_five); | |
1065 | /// drop(five); | |
1066 | /// | |
1067 | /// assert!(weak_five.upgrade().is_none()); | |
1a4d82fc | 1068 | /// ``` |
e9174d1e | 1069 | #[stable(feature = "arc_weak", since = "1.4.0")] |
1a4d82fc | 1070 | pub fn upgrade(&self) -> Option<Arc<T>> { |
c34b1796 | 1071 | // We use a CAS loop to increment the strong count instead of a |
9346a6ac | 1072 | // fetch_add because once the count hits 0 it must never be above 0. |
1a4d82fc | 1073 | let inner = self.inner(); |
54a0048b SL |
1074 | |
1075 | // Relaxed load because any write of 0 that we can observe | |
1076 | // leaves the field in a permanently zero state (so a | |
1077 | // "stale" read of 0 is fine), and any other value is | |
1078 | // confirmed via the CAS below. | |
1079 | let mut n = inner.strong.load(Relaxed); | |
1080 | ||
1a4d82fc | 1081 | loop { |
b039eaaf | 1082 | if n == 0 { |
92a42be0 SL |
1083 | return None; |
1084 | } | |
1085 | ||
1086 | // See comments in `Arc::clone` for why we do this (for `mem::forget`). | |
1087 | if n > MAX_REFCOUNT { | |
3157f602 XL |
1088 | unsafe { |
1089 | abort(); | |
1090 | } | |
b039eaaf | 1091 | } |
c1a9b12d SL |
1092 | |
1093 | // Relaxed is valid for the same reason it is on Arc's Clone impl | |
54a0048b | 1094 | match inner.strong.compare_exchange_weak(n, n + 1, Relaxed, Relaxed) { |
ff7c6d11 | 1095 | Ok(_) => return Some(Arc { ptr: self.ptr, phantom: PhantomData }), |
54a0048b | 1096 | Err(old) => n = old, |
b039eaaf | 1097 | } |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1098 | } |
1099 | } | |
1100 | ||
1101 | #[inline] | |
1102 | fn inner(&self) -> &ArcInner<T> { | |
1103 | // See comments above for why this is "safe" | |
7cac9316 | 1104 | unsafe { self.ptr.as_ref() } |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1105 | } |
1106 | } | |
1107 | ||
e9174d1e | 1108 | #[stable(feature = "arc_weak", since = "1.4.0")] |
62682a34 | 1109 | impl<T: ?Sized> Clone for Weak<T> { |
cc61c64b | 1110 | /// Makes a clone of the `Weak` pointer that points to the same value. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1111 | /// |
1112 | /// # Examples | |
1113 | /// | |
1114 | /// ``` | |
7cac9316 | 1115 | /// use std::sync::{Arc, Weak}; |
1a4d82fc | 1116 | /// |
e9174d1e | 1117 | /// let weak_five = Arc::downgrade(&Arc::new(5)); |
1a4d82fc | 1118 | /// |
7cac9316 | 1119 | /// Weak::clone(&weak_five); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1120 | /// ``` |
1121 | #[inline] | |
1122 | fn clone(&self) -> Weak<T> { | |
c1a9b12d SL |
1123 | // See comments in Arc::clone() for why this is relaxed. This can use a |
1124 | // fetch_add (ignoring the lock) because the weak count is only locked | |
1125 | // where are *no other* weak pointers in existence. (So we can't be | |
1126 | // running this code in that case). | |
1127 | let old_size = self.inner().weak.fetch_add(1, Relaxed); | |
1128 | ||
1129 | // See comments in Arc::clone() for why we do this (for mem::forget). | |
1130 | if old_size > MAX_REFCOUNT { | |
b039eaaf SL |
1131 | unsafe { |
1132 | abort(); | |
1133 | } | |
c1a9b12d SL |
1134 | } |
1135 | ||
54a0048b | 1136 | return Weak { ptr: self.ptr }; |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1137 | } |
1138 | } | |
1139 | ||
a7813a04 XL |
1140 | #[stable(feature = "downgraded_weak", since = "1.10.0")] |
1141 | impl<T> Default for Weak<T> { | |
cc61c64b XL |
1142 | /// Constructs a new `Weak<T>`, allocating memory for `T` without initializing |
1143 | /// it. Calling [`upgrade`] on the return value always gives [`None`]. | |
c30ab7b3 | 1144 | /// |
cc61c64b XL |
1145 | /// [`upgrade`]: struct.Weak.html#method.upgrade |
1146 | /// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None | |
c30ab7b3 SL |
1147 | /// |
1148 | /// # Examples | |
1149 | /// | |
1150 | /// ``` | |
1151 | /// use std::sync::Weak; | |
1152 | /// | |
1153 | /// let empty: Weak<i64> = Default::default(); | |
1154 | /// assert!(empty.upgrade().is_none()); | |
1155 | /// ``` | |
a7813a04 XL |
1156 | fn default() -> Weak<T> { |
1157 | Weak::new() | |
1158 | } | |
1159 | } | |
1160 | ||
7453a54e | 1161 | #[stable(feature = "arc_weak", since = "1.4.0")] |
62682a34 | 1162 | impl<T: ?Sized> Drop for Weak<T> { |
c30ab7b3 | 1163 | /// Drops the `Weak` pointer. |
1a4d82fc | 1164 | /// |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1165 | /// # Examples |
1166 | /// | |
1167 | /// ``` | |
7cac9316 | 1168 | /// use std::sync::{Arc, Weak}; |
1a4d82fc | 1169 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1170 | /// struct Foo; |
1a4d82fc | 1171 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
1172 | /// impl Drop for Foo { |
1173 | /// fn drop(&mut self) { | |
1174 | /// println!("dropped!"); | |
1175 | /// } | |
1a4d82fc | 1176 | /// } |
1a4d82fc | 1177 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
1178 | /// let foo = Arc::new(Foo); |
1179 | /// let weak_foo = Arc::downgrade(&foo); | |
7cac9316 | 1180 | /// let other_weak_foo = Weak::clone(&weak_foo); |
1a4d82fc | 1181 | /// |
c30ab7b3 SL |
1182 | /// drop(weak_foo); // Doesn't print anything |
1183 | /// drop(foo); // Prints "dropped!" | |
1184 | /// | |
1185 | /// assert!(other_weak_foo.upgrade().is_none()); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1186 | /// ``` |
1187 | fn drop(&mut self) { | |
c34b1796 AL |
1188 | // If we find out that we were the last weak pointer, then its time to |
1189 | // deallocate the data entirely. See the discussion in Arc::drop() about | |
1190 | // the memory orderings | |
c1a9b12d SL |
1191 | // |
1192 | // It's not necessary to check for the locked state here, because the | |
1193 | // weak count can only be locked if there was precisely one weak ref, | |
1194 | // meaning that drop could only subsequently run ON that remaining weak | |
1195 | // ref, which can only happen after the lock is released. | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1196 | if self.inner().weak.fetch_sub(1, Release) == 1 { |
1197 | atomic::fence(Acquire); | |
041b39d2 | 1198 | unsafe { |
94b46f34 | 1199 | Global.dealloc(self.ptr.cast(), Layout::for_value(self.ptr.as_ref())) |
041b39d2 | 1200 | } |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1201 | } |
1202 | } | |
1203 | } | |
1204 | ||
85aaf69f | 1205 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 1206 | impl<T: ?Sized + PartialEq> PartialEq for Arc<T> { |
c30ab7b3 | 1207 | /// Equality for two `Arc`s. |
1a4d82fc | 1208 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1209 | /// Two `Arc`s are equal if their inner values are equal. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1210 | /// |
1211 | /// # Examples | |
1212 | /// | |
1213 | /// ``` | |
1214 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
1215 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 1216 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 1217 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1218 | /// assert!(five == Arc::new(5)); |
1a4d82fc | 1219 | /// ``` |
b039eaaf SL |
1220 | fn eq(&self, other: &Arc<T>) -> bool { |
1221 | *(*self) == *(*other) | |
1222 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 1223 | |
c30ab7b3 | 1224 | /// Inequality for two `Arc`s. |
1a4d82fc | 1225 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1226 | /// Two `Arc`s are unequal if their inner values are unequal. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1227 | /// |
1228 | /// # Examples | |
1229 | /// | |
1230 | /// ``` | |
1231 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
1232 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 1233 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 1234 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1235 | /// assert!(five != Arc::new(6)); |
1a4d82fc | 1236 | /// ``` |
b039eaaf SL |
1237 | fn ne(&self, other: &Arc<T>) -> bool { |
1238 | *(*self) != *(*other) | |
1239 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 1240 | } |
85aaf69f | 1241 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 1242 | impl<T: ?Sized + PartialOrd> PartialOrd for Arc<T> { |
c30ab7b3 | 1243 | /// Partial comparison for two `Arc`s. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1244 | /// |
1245 | /// The two are compared by calling `partial_cmp()` on their inner values. | |
1246 | /// | |
1247 | /// # Examples | |
1248 | /// | |
1249 | /// ``` | |
1250 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
c30ab7b3 | 1251 | /// use std::cmp::Ordering; |
1a4d82fc | 1252 | /// |
85aaf69f | 1253 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 1254 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1255 | /// assert_eq!(Some(Ordering::Less), five.partial_cmp(&Arc::new(6))); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1256 | /// ``` |
1257 | fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Arc<T>) -> Option<Ordering> { | |
1258 | (**self).partial_cmp(&**other) | |
1259 | } | |
1260 | ||
c30ab7b3 | 1261 | /// Less-than comparison for two `Arc`s. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1262 | /// |
1263 | /// The two are compared by calling `<` on their inner values. | |
1264 | /// | |
1265 | /// # Examples | |
1266 | /// | |
1267 | /// ``` | |
1268 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
1269 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 1270 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 1271 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1272 | /// assert!(five < Arc::new(6)); |
1a4d82fc | 1273 | /// ``` |
b039eaaf SL |
1274 | fn lt(&self, other: &Arc<T>) -> bool { |
1275 | *(*self) < *(*other) | |
1276 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 1277 | |
c30ab7b3 | 1278 | /// 'Less than or equal to' comparison for two `Arc`s. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1279 | /// |
1280 | /// The two are compared by calling `<=` on their inner values. | |
1281 | /// | |
1282 | /// # Examples | |
1283 | /// | |
1284 | /// ``` | |
1285 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
1286 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 1287 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 1288 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1289 | /// assert!(five <= Arc::new(5)); |
1a4d82fc | 1290 | /// ``` |
b039eaaf SL |
1291 | fn le(&self, other: &Arc<T>) -> bool { |
1292 | *(*self) <= *(*other) | |
1293 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 1294 | |
c30ab7b3 | 1295 | /// Greater-than comparison for two `Arc`s. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1296 | /// |
1297 | /// The two are compared by calling `>` on their inner values. | |
1298 | /// | |
1299 | /// # Examples | |
1300 | /// | |
1301 | /// ``` | |
1302 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
1303 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 1304 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 1305 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1306 | /// assert!(five > Arc::new(4)); |
1a4d82fc | 1307 | /// ``` |
b039eaaf SL |
1308 | fn gt(&self, other: &Arc<T>) -> bool { |
1309 | *(*self) > *(*other) | |
1310 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 1311 | |
c30ab7b3 | 1312 | /// 'Greater than or equal to' comparison for two `Arc`s. |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1313 | /// |
1314 | /// The two are compared by calling `>=` on their inner values. | |
1315 | /// | |
1316 | /// # Examples | |
1317 | /// | |
1318 | /// ``` | |
1319 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
1320 | /// | |
85aaf69f | 1321 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); |
1a4d82fc | 1322 | /// |
c30ab7b3 | 1323 | /// assert!(five >= Arc::new(5)); |
1a4d82fc | 1324 | /// ``` |
b039eaaf SL |
1325 | fn ge(&self, other: &Arc<T>) -> bool { |
1326 | *(*self) >= *(*other) | |
1327 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 1328 | } |
85aaf69f | 1329 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 1330 | impl<T: ?Sized + Ord> Ord for Arc<T> { |
c30ab7b3 SL |
1331 | /// Comparison for two `Arc`s. |
1332 | /// | |
1333 | /// The two are compared by calling `cmp()` on their inner values. | |
1334 | /// | |
1335 | /// # Examples | |
1336 | /// | |
1337 | /// ``` | |
1338 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
1339 | /// use std::cmp::Ordering; | |
1340 | /// | |
1341 | /// let five = Arc::new(5); | |
1342 | /// | |
1343 | /// assert_eq!(Ordering::Less, five.cmp(&Arc::new(6))); | |
1344 | /// ``` | |
b039eaaf SL |
1345 | fn cmp(&self, other: &Arc<T>) -> Ordering { |
1346 | (**self).cmp(&**other) | |
1347 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 1348 | } |
85aaf69f | 1349 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 1350 | impl<T: ?Sized + Eq> Eq for Arc<T> {} |
1a4d82fc | 1351 | |
85aaf69f | 1352 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 1353 | impl<T: ?Sized + fmt::Display> fmt::Display for Arc<T> { |
1a4d82fc | 1354 | fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { |
85aaf69f | 1355 | fmt::Display::fmt(&**self, f) |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1356 | } |
1357 | } | |
1358 | ||
85aaf69f | 1359 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 1360 | impl<T: ?Sized + fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for Arc<T> { |
1a4d82fc | 1361 | fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { |
85aaf69f | 1362 | fmt::Debug::fmt(&**self, f) |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1363 | } |
1364 | } | |
1365 | ||
9346a6ac | 1366 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
7453a54e | 1367 | impl<T: ?Sized> fmt::Pointer for Arc<T> { |
9346a6ac | 1368 | fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { |
ff7c6d11 | 1369 | fmt::Pointer::fmt(&(&**self as *const T), f) |
9346a6ac AL |
1370 | } |
1371 | } | |
1372 | ||
85aaf69f | 1373 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
d9579d0f | 1374 | impl<T: Default> Default for Arc<T> { |
c30ab7b3 SL |
1375 | /// Creates a new `Arc<T>`, with the `Default` value for `T`. |
1376 | /// | |
1377 | /// # Examples | |
1378 | /// | |
1379 | /// ``` | |
1380 | /// use std::sync::Arc; | |
1381 | /// | |
1382 | /// let x: Arc<i32> = Default::default(); | |
1383 | /// assert_eq!(*x, 0); | |
1384 | /// ``` | |
b039eaaf SL |
1385 | fn default() -> Arc<T> { |
1386 | Arc::new(Default::default()) | |
1387 | } | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1388 | } |
1389 | ||
85aaf69f | 1390 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
62682a34 | 1391 | impl<T: ?Sized + Hash> Hash for Arc<T> { |
85aaf69f SL |
1392 | fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) { |
1393 | (**self).hash(state) | |
1394 | } | |
1395 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 1396 | |
92a42be0 SL |
1397 | #[stable(feature = "from_for_ptrs", since = "1.6.0")] |
1398 | impl<T> From<T> for Arc<T> { | |
1399 | fn from(t: T) -> Self { | |
1400 | Arc::new(t) | |
1401 | } | |
1402 | } | |
1403 | ||
3b2f2976 XL |
1404 | #[stable(feature = "shared_from_slice", since = "1.21.0")] |
1405 | impl<'a, T: Clone> From<&'a [T]> for Arc<[T]> { | |
1406 | #[inline] | |
1407 | fn from(v: &[T]) -> Arc<[T]> { | |
1408 | <Self as ArcFromSlice<T>>::from_slice(v) | |
1409 | } | |
1410 | } | |
1411 | ||
1412 | #[stable(feature = "shared_from_slice", since = "1.21.0")] | |
1413 | impl<'a> From<&'a str> for Arc<str> { | |
1414 | #[inline] | |
1415 | fn from(v: &str) -> Arc<str> { | |
ff7c6d11 XL |
1416 | let arc = Arc::<[u8]>::from(v.as_bytes()); |
1417 | unsafe { Arc::from_raw(Arc::into_raw(arc) as *const str) } | |
3b2f2976 XL |
1418 | } |
1419 | } | |
1420 | ||
1421 | #[stable(feature = "shared_from_slice", since = "1.21.0")] | |
1422 | impl From<String> for Arc<str> { | |
1423 | #[inline] | |
1424 | fn from(v: String) -> Arc<str> { | |
1425 | Arc::from(&v[..]) | |
1426 | } | |
1427 | } | |
1428 | ||
1429 | #[stable(feature = "shared_from_slice", since = "1.21.0")] | |
1430 | impl<T: ?Sized> From<Box<T>> for Arc<T> { | |
1431 | #[inline] | |
1432 | fn from(v: Box<T>) -> Arc<T> { | |
1433 | Arc::from_box(v) | |
1434 | } | |
1435 | } | |
1436 | ||
1437 | #[stable(feature = "shared_from_slice", since = "1.21.0")] | |
1438 | impl<T> From<Vec<T>> for Arc<[T]> { | |
1439 | #[inline] | |
1440 | fn from(mut v: Vec<T>) -> Arc<[T]> { | |
1441 | unsafe { | |
1442 | let arc = Arc::copy_from_slice(&v); | |
1443 | ||
1444 | // Allow the Vec to free its memory, but not destroy its contents | |
1445 | v.set_len(0); | |
1446 | ||
1447 | arc | |
1448 | } | |
1449 | } | |
1450 | } | |
1451 | ||
1a4d82fc | 1452 | #[cfg(test)] |
1a4d82fc | 1453 | mod tests { |
3b2f2976 | 1454 | use std::boxed::Box; |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1455 | use std::clone::Clone; |
1456 | use std::sync::mpsc::channel; | |
1457 | use std::mem::drop; | |
1458 | use std::ops::Drop; | |
1459 | use std::option::Option; | |
3157f602 | 1460 | use std::option::Option::{None, Some}; |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1461 | use std::sync::atomic; |
1462 | use std::sync::atomic::Ordering::{Acquire, SeqCst}; | |
85aaf69f | 1463 | use std::thread; |
1a4d82fc | 1464 | use std::sync::Mutex; |
92a42be0 | 1465 | use std::convert::From; |
1a4d82fc | 1466 | |
041b39d2 XL |
1467 | use super::{Arc, Weak}; |
1468 | use vec::Vec; | |
1469 | ||
85aaf69f | 1470 | struct Canary(*mut atomic::AtomicUsize); |
1a4d82fc | 1471 | |
92a42be0 | 1472 | impl Drop for Canary { |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1473 | fn drop(&mut self) { |
1474 | unsafe { | |
1475 | match *self { | |
1476 | Canary(c) => { | |
1477 | (*c).fetch_add(1, SeqCst); | |
1478 | } | |
1479 | } | |
1480 | } | |
1481 | } | |
1482 | } | |
1483 | ||
1484 | #[test] | |
c30ab7b3 | 1485 | #[cfg_attr(target_os = "emscripten", ignore)] |
1a4d82fc | 1486 | fn manually_share_arc() { |
92a42be0 | 1487 | let v = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]; |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1488 | let arc_v = Arc::new(v); |
1489 | ||
1490 | let (tx, rx) = channel(); | |
1491 | ||
85aaf69f SL |
1492 | let _t = thread::spawn(move || { |
1493 | let arc_v: Arc<Vec<i32>> = rx.recv().unwrap(); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1494 | assert_eq!((*arc_v)[3], 4); |
1495 | }); | |
1496 | ||
1497 | tx.send(arc_v.clone()).unwrap(); | |
1498 | ||
1499 | assert_eq!((*arc_v)[2], 3); | |
1500 | assert_eq!((*arc_v)[4], 5); | |
1501 | } | |
1502 | ||
c34b1796 | 1503 | #[test] |
9346a6ac | 1504 | fn test_arc_get_mut() { |
e9174d1e SL |
1505 | let mut x = Arc::new(3); |
1506 | *Arc::get_mut(&mut x).unwrap() = 4; | |
1507 | assert_eq!(*x, 4); | |
1508 | let y = x.clone(); | |
1509 | assert!(Arc::get_mut(&mut x).is_none()); | |
1510 | drop(y); | |
1511 | assert!(Arc::get_mut(&mut x).is_some()); | |
1512 | let _w = Arc::downgrade(&x); | |
1513 | assert!(Arc::get_mut(&mut x).is_none()); | |
c34b1796 AL |
1514 | } |
1515 | ||
1a4d82fc | 1516 | #[test] |
e9174d1e SL |
1517 | fn try_unwrap() { |
1518 | let x = Arc::new(3); | |
1519 | assert_eq!(Arc::try_unwrap(x), Ok(3)); | |
1520 | let x = Arc::new(4); | |
1521 | let _y = x.clone(); | |
1522 | assert_eq!(Arc::try_unwrap(x), Err(Arc::new(4))); | |
1523 | let x = Arc::new(5); | |
1524 | let _w = Arc::downgrade(&x); | |
1525 | assert_eq!(Arc::try_unwrap(x), Ok(5)); | |
1526 | } | |
1527 | ||
476ff2be SL |
1528 | #[test] |
1529 | fn into_from_raw() { | |
1530 | let x = Arc::new(box "hello"); | |
1531 | let y = x.clone(); | |
1532 | ||
1533 | let x_ptr = Arc::into_raw(x); | |
1534 | drop(y); | |
1535 | unsafe { | |
1536 | assert_eq!(**x_ptr, "hello"); | |
1537 | ||
1538 | let x = Arc::from_raw(x_ptr); | |
1539 | assert_eq!(**x, "hello"); | |
1540 | ||
1541 | assert_eq!(Arc::try_unwrap(x).map(|x| *x), Ok("hello")); | |
1542 | } | |
1543 | } | |
1544 | ||
ea8adc8c XL |
1545 | #[test] |
1546 | fn test_into_from_raw_unsized() { | |
1547 | use std::fmt::Display; | |
1548 | use std::string::ToString; | |
1549 | ||
1550 | let arc: Arc<str> = Arc::from("foo"); | |
1551 | ||
1552 | let ptr = Arc::into_raw(arc.clone()); | |
1553 | let arc2 = unsafe { Arc::from_raw(ptr) }; | |
1554 | ||
1555 | assert_eq!(unsafe { &*ptr }, "foo"); | |
1556 | assert_eq!(arc, arc2); | |
1557 | ||
1558 | let arc: Arc<Display> = Arc::new(123); | |
1559 | ||
1560 | let ptr = Arc::into_raw(arc.clone()); | |
1561 | let arc2 = unsafe { Arc::from_raw(ptr) }; | |
1562 | ||
1563 | assert_eq!(unsafe { &*ptr }.to_string(), "123"); | |
1564 | assert_eq!(arc2.to_string(), "123"); | |
1565 | } | |
1566 | ||
e9174d1e SL |
1567 | #[test] |
1568 | fn test_cowarc_clone_make_mut() { | |
1569 | let mut cow0 = Arc::new(75); | |
1570 | let mut cow1 = cow0.clone(); | |
1571 | let mut cow2 = cow1.clone(); | |
1572 | ||
1573 | assert!(75 == *Arc::make_mut(&mut cow0)); | |
1574 | assert!(75 == *Arc::make_mut(&mut cow1)); | |
1575 | assert!(75 == *Arc::make_mut(&mut cow2)); | |
1576 | ||
1577 | *Arc::make_mut(&mut cow0) += 1; | |
1578 | *Arc::make_mut(&mut cow1) += 2; | |
1579 | *Arc::make_mut(&mut cow2) += 3; | |
1580 | ||
1581 | assert!(76 == *cow0); | |
1582 | assert!(77 == *cow1); | |
1583 | assert!(78 == *cow2); | |
1584 | ||
1585 | // none should point to the same backing memory | |
1586 | assert!(*cow0 != *cow1); | |
1587 | assert!(*cow0 != *cow2); | |
1588 | assert!(*cow1 != *cow2); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1589 | } |
1590 | ||
1591 | #[test] | |
1592 | fn test_cowarc_clone_unique2() { | |
85aaf69f | 1593 | let mut cow0 = Arc::new(75); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1594 | let cow1 = cow0.clone(); |
1595 | let cow2 = cow1.clone(); | |
1596 | ||
1597 | assert!(75 == *cow0); | |
1598 | assert!(75 == *cow1); | |
1599 | assert!(75 == *cow2); | |
1600 | ||
e9174d1e | 1601 | *Arc::make_mut(&mut cow0) += 1; |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1602 | assert!(76 == *cow0); |
1603 | assert!(75 == *cow1); | |
1604 | assert!(75 == *cow2); | |
1605 | ||
1606 | // cow1 and cow2 should share the same contents | |
1607 | // cow0 should have a unique reference | |
1608 | assert!(*cow0 != *cow1); | |
1609 | assert!(*cow0 != *cow2); | |
1610 | assert!(*cow1 == *cow2); | |
1611 | } | |
1612 | ||
1613 | #[test] | |
1614 | fn test_cowarc_clone_weak() { | |
85aaf69f | 1615 | let mut cow0 = Arc::new(75); |
e9174d1e | 1616 | let cow1_weak = Arc::downgrade(&cow0); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1617 | |
1618 | assert!(75 == *cow0); | |
1619 | assert!(75 == *cow1_weak.upgrade().unwrap()); | |
1620 | ||
e9174d1e | 1621 | *Arc::make_mut(&mut cow0) += 1; |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1622 | |
1623 | assert!(76 == *cow0); | |
1624 | assert!(cow1_weak.upgrade().is_none()); | |
1625 | } | |
1626 | ||
1627 | #[test] | |
1628 | fn test_live() { | |
85aaf69f | 1629 | let x = Arc::new(5); |
e9174d1e | 1630 | let y = Arc::downgrade(&x); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1631 | assert!(y.upgrade().is_some()); |
1632 | } | |
1633 | ||
1634 | #[test] | |
1635 | fn test_dead() { | |
85aaf69f | 1636 | let x = Arc::new(5); |
e9174d1e | 1637 | let y = Arc::downgrade(&x); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1638 | drop(x); |
1639 | assert!(y.upgrade().is_none()); | |
1640 | } | |
1641 | ||
1642 | #[test] | |
1643 | fn weak_self_cyclic() { | |
1644 | struct Cycle { | |
b039eaaf | 1645 | x: Mutex<Option<Weak<Cycle>>>, |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1646 | } |
1647 | ||
1648 | let a = Arc::new(Cycle { x: Mutex::new(None) }); | |
e9174d1e | 1649 | let b = Arc::downgrade(&a.clone()); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1650 | *a.x.lock().unwrap() = Some(b); |
1651 | ||
1652 | // hopefully we don't double-free (or leak)... | |
1653 | } | |
1654 | ||
1655 | #[test] | |
1656 | fn drop_arc() { | |
85aaf69f SL |
1657 | let mut canary = atomic::AtomicUsize::new(0); |
1658 | let x = Arc::new(Canary(&mut canary as *mut atomic::AtomicUsize)); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1659 | drop(x); |
1660 | assert!(canary.load(Acquire) == 1); | |
1661 | } | |
1662 | ||
1663 | #[test] | |
1664 | fn drop_arc_weak() { | |
85aaf69f SL |
1665 | let mut canary = atomic::AtomicUsize::new(0); |
1666 | let arc = Arc::new(Canary(&mut canary as *mut atomic::AtomicUsize)); | |
e9174d1e | 1667 | let arc_weak = Arc::downgrade(&arc); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1668 | assert!(canary.load(Acquire) == 0); |
1669 | drop(arc); | |
1670 | assert!(canary.load(Acquire) == 1); | |
1671 | drop(arc_weak); | |
1672 | } | |
1673 | ||
1674 | #[test] | |
1675 | fn test_strong_count() { | |
54a0048b | 1676 | let a = Arc::new(0); |
e9174d1e SL |
1677 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&a) == 1); |
1678 | let w = Arc::downgrade(&a); | |
1679 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&a) == 1); | |
1a4d82fc | 1680 | let b = w.upgrade().expect(""); |
e9174d1e SL |
1681 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&b) == 2); |
1682 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&a) == 2); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1683 | drop(w); |
1684 | drop(a); | |
e9174d1e | 1685 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&b) == 1); |
1a4d82fc | 1686 | let c = b.clone(); |
e9174d1e SL |
1687 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&b) == 2); |
1688 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&c) == 2); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1689 | } |
1690 | ||
1691 | #[test] | |
1692 | fn test_weak_count() { | |
54a0048b | 1693 | let a = Arc::new(0); |
e9174d1e SL |
1694 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&a) == 1); |
1695 | assert!(Arc::weak_count(&a) == 0); | |
1696 | let w = Arc::downgrade(&a); | |
1697 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&a) == 1); | |
1698 | assert!(Arc::weak_count(&a) == 1); | |
1a4d82fc | 1699 | let x = w.clone(); |
e9174d1e | 1700 | assert!(Arc::weak_count(&a) == 2); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1701 | drop(w); |
1702 | drop(x); | |
e9174d1e SL |
1703 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&a) == 1); |
1704 | assert!(Arc::weak_count(&a) == 0); | |
1a4d82fc | 1705 | let c = a.clone(); |
e9174d1e SL |
1706 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&a) == 2); |
1707 | assert!(Arc::weak_count(&a) == 0); | |
1708 | let d = Arc::downgrade(&c); | |
1709 | assert!(Arc::weak_count(&c) == 1); | |
1710 | assert!(Arc::strong_count(&c) == 2); | |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1711 | |
1712 | drop(a); | |
1713 | drop(c); | |
1714 | drop(d); | |
1715 | } | |
1716 | ||
1717 | #[test] | |
1718 | fn show_arc() { | |
54a0048b | 1719 | let a = Arc::new(5); |
85aaf69f | 1720 | assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", a), "5"); |
1a4d82fc JJ |
1721 | } |
1722 | ||
1723 | // Make sure deriving works with Arc<T> | |
85aaf69f | 1724 | #[derive(Eq, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Clone, Debug, Default)] |
b039eaaf SL |
1725 | struct Foo { |
1726 | inner: Arc<i32>, | |
1727 | } | |
62682a34 SL |
1728 | |
1729 | #[test] | |
1730 | fn test_unsized() { | |
1731 | let x: Arc<[i32]> = Arc::new([1, 2, 3]); | |
1732 | assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", x), "[1, 2, 3]"); | |
e9174d1e | 1733 | let y = Arc::downgrade(&x.clone()); |
62682a34 SL |
1734 | drop(x); |
1735 | assert!(y.upgrade().is_none()); | |
1736 | } | |
92a42be0 SL |
1737 | |
1738 | #[test] | |
1739 | fn test_from_owned() { | |
1740 | let foo = 123; | |
1741 | let foo_arc = Arc::from(foo); | |
1742 | assert!(123 == *foo_arc); | |
1743 | } | |
9cc50fc6 SL |
1744 | |
1745 | #[test] | |
1746 | fn test_new_weak() { | |
1747 | let foo: Weak<usize> = Weak::new(); | |
1748 | assert!(foo.upgrade().is_none()); | |
1749 | } | |
9e0c209e SL |
1750 | |
1751 | #[test] | |
1752 | fn test_ptr_eq() { | |
1753 | let five = Arc::new(5); | |
1754 | let same_five = five.clone(); | |
1755 | let other_five = Arc::new(5); | |
1756 | ||
1757 | assert!(Arc::ptr_eq(&five, &same_five)); | |
1758 | assert!(!Arc::ptr_eq(&five, &other_five)); | |
1759 | } | |
3b2f2976 XL |
1760 | |
1761 | #[test] | |
1762 | #[cfg_attr(target_os = "emscripten", ignore)] | |
1763 | fn test_weak_count_locked() { | |
1764 | let mut a = Arc::new(atomic::AtomicBool::new(false)); | |
1765 | let a2 = a.clone(); | |
1766 | let t = thread::spawn(move || { | |
1767 | for _i in 0..1000000 { | |
1768 | Arc::get_mut(&mut a); | |
1769 | } | |
1770 | a.store(true, SeqCst); | |
1771 | }); | |
1772 | ||
1773 | while !a2.load(SeqCst) { | |
1774 | let n = Arc::weak_count(&a2); | |
1775 | assert!(n < 2, "bad weak count: {}", n); | |
1776 | } | |
1777 | t.join().unwrap(); | |
1778 | } | |
1779 | ||
1780 | #[test] | |
1781 | fn test_from_str() { | |
1782 | let r: Arc<str> = Arc::from("foo"); | |
1783 | ||
1784 | assert_eq!(&r[..], "foo"); | |
1785 | } | |
1786 | ||
1787 | #[test] | |
1788 | fn test_copy_from_slice() { | |
1789 | let s: &[u32] = &[1, 2, 3]; | |
1790 | let r: Arc<[u32]> = Arc::from(s); | |
1791 | ||
1792 | assert_eq!(&r[..], [1, 2, 3]); | |
1793 | } | |
1794 | ||
1795 | #[test] | |
1796 | fn test_clone_from_slice() { | |
1797 | #[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)] | |
1798 | struct X(u32); | |
1799 | ||
1800 | let s: &[X] = &[X(1), X(2), X(3)]; | |
1801 | let r: Arc<[X]> = Arc::from(s); | |
1802 | ||
1803 | assert_eq!(&r[..], s); | |
1804 | } | |
1805 | ||
1806 | #[test] | |
1807 | #[should_panic] | |
1808 | fn test_clone_from_slice_panic() { | |
1809 | use std::string::{String, ToString}; | |
1810 | ||
1811 | struct Fail(u32, String); | |
1812 | ||
1813 | impl Clone for Fail { | |
1814 | fn clone(&self) -> Fail { | |
1815 | if self.0 == 2 { | |
1816 | panic!(); | |
1817 | } | |
1818 | Fail(self.0, self.1.clone()) | |
1819 | } | |
1820 | } | |
1821 | ||
1822 | let s: &[Fail] = &[ | |
1823 | Fail(0, "foo".to_string()), | |
1824 | Fail(1, "bar".to_string()), | |
1825 | Fail(2, "baz".to_string()), | |
1826 | ]; | |
1827 | ||
1828 | // Should panic, but not cause memory corruption | |
1829 | let _r: Arc<[Fail]> = Arc::from(s); | |
1830 | } | |
1831 | ||
1832 | #[test] | |
1833 | fn test_from_box() { | |
1834 | let b: Box<u32> = box 123; | |
1835 | let r: Arc<u32> = Arc::from(b); | |
1836 | ||
1837 | assert_eq!(*r, 123); | |
1838 | } | |
1839 | ||
1840 | #[test] | |
1841 | fn test_from_box_str() { | |
1842 | use std::string::String; | |
1843 | ||
1844 | let s = String::from("foo").into_boxed_str(); | |
1845 | let r: Arc<str> = Arc::from(s); | |
1846 | ||
1847 | assert_eq!(&r[..], "foo"); | |
1848 | } | |
1849 | ||
1850 | #[test] | |
1851 | fn test_from_box_slice() { | |
1852 | let s = vec![1, 2, 3].into_boxed_slice(); | |
1853 | let r: Arc<[u32]> = Arc::from(s); | |
1854 | ||
1855 | assert_eq!(&r[..], [1, 2, 3]); | |
1856 | } | |
1857 | ||
1858 | #[test] | |
1859 | fn test_from_box_trait() { | |
1860 | use std::fmt::Display; | |
1861 | use std::string::ToString; | |
1862 | ||
1863 | let b: Box<Display> = box 123; | |
1864 | let r: Arc<Display> = Arc::from(b); | |
1865 | ||
1866 | assert_eq!(r.to_string(), "123"); | |
1867 | } | |
1868 | ||
1869 | #[test] | |
1870 | fn test_from_box_trait_zero_sized() { | |
1871 | use std::fmt::Debug; | |
1872 | ||
1873 | let b: Box<Debug> = box (); | |
1874 | let r: Arc<Debug> = Arc::from(b); | |
1875 | ||
1876 | assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", r), "()"); | |
1877 | } | |
1878 | ||
1879 | #[test] | |
1880 | fn test_from_vec() { | |
1881 | let v = vec![1, 2, 3]; | |
1882 | let r: Arc<[u32]> = Arc::from(v); | |
1883 | ||
1884 | assert_eq!(&r[..], [1, 2, 3]); | |
1885 | } | |
94b46f34 XL |
1886 | |
1887 | #[test] | |
1888 | fn test_downcast() { | |
1889 | use std::any::Any; | |
1890 | ||
1891 | let r1: Arc<Any + Send + Sync> = Arc::new(i32::max_value()); | |
1892 | let r2: Arc<Any + Send + Sync> = Arc::new("abc"); | |
1893 | ||
1894 | assert!(r1.clone().downcast::<u32>().is_err()); | |
1895 | ||
1896 | let r1i32 = r1.downcast::<i32>(); | |
1897 | assert!(r1i32.is_ok()); | |
1898 | assert_eq!(r1i32.unwrap(), Arc::new(i32::max_value())); | |
1899 | ||
1900 | assert!(r2.clone().downcast::<i32>().is_err()); | |
1901 | ||
1902 | let r2str = r2.downcast::<&'static str>(); | |
1903 | assert!(r2str.is_ok()); | |
1904 | assert_eq!(r2str.unwrap(), Arc::new("abc")); | |
1905 | } | |
1a4d82fc | 1906 | } |
e9174d1e | 1907 | |
92a42be0 | 1908 | #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")] |
e9174d1e | 1909 | impl<T: ?Sized> borrow::Borrow<T> for Arc<T> { |
b039eaaf SL |
1910 | fn borrow(&self) -> &T { |
1911 | &**self | |
1912 | } | |
1913 | } | |
1914 | ||
1915 | #[stable(since = "1.5.0", feature = "smart_ptr_as_ref")] | |
1916 | impl<T: ?Sized> AsRef<T> for Arc<T> { | |
1917 | fn as_ref(&self) -> &T { | |
1918 | &**self | |
1919 | } | |
e9174d1e | 1920 | } |