[mirror_lxc.git] / src / lxc / network.h

/*
 * lxc: linux Container library
 *
 * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2007, 2008
 *
 * Authors:
 * Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano at free.fr>
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */
#ifndef __LXC_NETWORK_H
#define __LXC_NETWORK_H

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "list.h"

struct lxc_conf;
struct lxc_handler;
struct lxc_netdev;

enum {
	LXC_NET_EMPTY,
	LXC_NET_VETH,
	LXC_NET_MACVLAN,
	LXC_NET_IPVLAN,
	LXC_NET_PHYS,
	LXC_NET_VLAN,
	LXC_NET_NONE,
	LXC_NET_MAXCONFTYPE,
};

/*
 * Defines the structure to configure an ipv4 address
 * @address   : ipv4 address
 * @broadcast : ipv4 broadcast address
 * @mask      : network mask
 */
struct lxc_inetdev {
	struct in_addr addr;
	struct in_addr bcast;
	unsigned int prefix;
};

struct lxc_route {
	struct in_addr addr;
};

/*
 * Defines the structure to configure an ipv6 address
 * @flags     : set the address up
 * @address   : ipv6 address
 * @broadcast : ipv6 broadcast address
 * @mask      : network mask
 */
struct lxc_inet6dev {
	struct in6_addr addr;
	struct in6_addr mcast;
	struct in6_addr acast;
	unsigned int prefix;
};

struct lxc_route6 {
	struct in6_addr addr;
};

/* Contains information about the host side veth device.
 * @pair    : Name of the host side veth device.
 *            If the user requested that the host veth device be created with a
 *            specific names this field will be set. If this field is set @veth1
 *            is not set.
 * @veth1   : Name of the host side veth device.
 *            If the user did not request that the host veth device be created
 *            with a specific name this field will be set. If this field is set
 *            @pair is not set.
 * @ifindex : Ifindex of the network device.
 */
struct ifla_veth {
	char pair[IFNAMSIZ];
	char veth1[IFNAMSIZ];
	int ifindex;
	struct lxc_list ipv4_routes;
	struct lxc_list ipv6_routes;
	int mode; /* bridge, router */
};

struct ifla_vlan {
	unsigned int   flags;
	unsigned int   fmask;
	unsigned short   vid;
	unsigned short   pad;
};

struct ifla_macvlan {
	int mode; /* private, vepa, bridge, passthru */
};

struct ifla_ipvlan {
	int mode; /* l3, l3s, l2 */
	int isolation; /* bridge, private, vepa */
};

/* Contains information about the physical network device as seen from the host.
 * @ifindex : The ifindex of the physical network device in the host's network
 *            namespace.
 */
struct ifla_phys {
	int ifindex;
	int mtu;
};

union netdev_p {
	struct ifla_macvlan macvlan_attr;
	struct ifla_ipvlan ipvlan_attr;
	struct ifla_phys phys_attr;
	struct ifla_veth veth_attr;
	struct ifla_vlan vlan_attr;
};

/*
 * Defines a structure to configure a network device
 * @idx               : network counter
 * @ifindex           : ifindex of the network device
 *                      Note that this is the ifindex of the network device in
 *                      the container's network namespace. If the network device
 *                      consists of a pair of network devices (e.g. veth pairs
 *                      attached to a network bridge) then this index cannot be
 *                      used to identify or modify the host veth device. See
 *                      struct ifla_veth for the host side information.
 * @type              : network type (veth, macvlan, vlan, ...)
 * @flags             : flag of the network device (IFF_UP, ... )
 * @link              : lxc.net.[i].link, name of bridge or host iface to attach
 *                      if any
 * @name	      : lxc.net.[i].name, name of iface on the container side
 * @created_name      : the name with which this interface got created before
 *			being renamed to final_name.
 *			Currenly only used for veth devices.
 * @hwaddr            : mac address
 * @mtu               : maximum transmission unit
 * @priv              : information specific to the specificed network type
 *                      Note that this is a union so whether accessing a struct
 *                      is possible is dependent on the network type.
 * @ipv4              : a list of ipv4 addresses to be set on the network device
 * @ipv6              : a list of ipv6 addresses to be set on the network device
 * @ipv4_gateway_auto : whether the ipv4 gateway is to be automatically gathered
 *                      from the associated @link
 * @ipv4_gateway_dev  : whether the ipv4 gateway is to be set as a device route
 * @ipv4_gateway      : ipv4 gateway
 * @ipv6_gateway_auto : whether the ipv6 gateway is to be automatically gathered
 *                      from the associated @link
 * @ipv6_gateway_dev  : whether the ipv6 gateway is to be set as a device route
 * @ipv6_gateway      : ipv6 gateway
 * @upscript          : a script filename to be executed during interface
 *                      configuration
 * @downscript        : a script filename to be executed during interface
 *                      destruction
 */
struct lxc_netdev {
	ssize_t idx;
	int ifindex;
	int type;
	int flags;
	char link[IFNAMSIZ];
	bool l2proxy;
	char name[IFNAMSIZ];
	char created_name[IFNAMSIZ];
	char *hwaddr;
	char *mtu;
	union netdev_p priv;
	struct lxc_list ipv4;
	struct lxc_list ipv6;
	bool ipv4_gateway_auto;
	bool ipv4_gateway_dev;
	struct in_addr *ipv4_gateway;
	bool ipv6_gateway_auto;
	bool ipv6_gateway_dev;
	struct in6_addr *ipv6_gateway;
	char *upscript;
	char *downscript;
};

/* Convert a string mac address to a socket structure. */
extern int lxc_convert_mac(char *macaddr, struct sockaddr *sockaddr);

/* Move a device between namespaces. */
extern int lxc_netdev_move_by_index(int ifindex, pid_t pid, const char *ifname);
extern int lxc_netdev_move_by_name(const char *ifname, pid_t pid,
				   const char *newname);

/* Delete a network device. */
extern int lxc_netdev_delete_by_name(const char *name);
extern int lxc_netdev_delete_by_index(int ifindex);

/* Change the device name. */
extern int lxc_netdev_rename_by_name(const char *oldname, const char *newname);
extern int lxc_netdev_rename_by_index(int ifindex, const char *newname);

extern int netdev_set_flag(const char *name, int flag);

/* Set the device network up or down. */
extern int lxc_netdev_isup(const char *name);
extern int lxc_netdev_up(const char *name);
extern int lxc_netdev_down(const char *name);

/* Change the mtu size for the specified device. */
extern int lxc_netdev_set_mtu(const char *name, int mtu);

/* Create a virtual network devices. */
extern int lxc_veth_create(const char *name1, const char *name2);
extern int lxc_macvlan_create(const char *master, const char *name, int mode);
extern int lxc_vlan_create(const char *master, const char *name,
			   unsigned short vid);

/* Set ip address. */
extern int lxc_ipv6_addr_add(int ifindex, struct in6_addr *addr,
			     struct in6_addr *mcast,
			     struct in6_addr *acast, int prefix);

extern int lxc_ipv4_addr_add(int ifindex, struct in_addr *addr,
			     struct in_addr *bcast, int prefix);

/* Get ip address. */
extern int lxc_ipv4_addr_get(int ifindex, struct in_addr **res);
extern int lxc_ipv6_addr_get(int ifindex, struct in6_addr **res);

/* Set default route. */
extern int lxc_ipv4_gateway_add(int ifindex, struct in_addr *gw);
extern int lxc_ipv6_gateway_add(int ifindex, struct in6_addr *gw);

/* Attach an interface to the bridge. */
extern int lxc_bridge_attach(const char *bridge, const char *ifname);
extern int lxc_ovs_delete_port(const char *bridge, const char *nic);

extern bool is_ovs_bridge(const char *bridge);

/* Create default gateway. */
extern int lxc_route_create_default(const char *addr, const char *ifname,
				    int gateway);

/* Delete default gateway. */
extern int lxc_route_delete_default(const char *addr, const char *ifname,
				    int gateway);

/* Activate neighbor proxying. */
extern int lxc_neigh_proxy_on(const char *name, int family);

/* Disable neighbor proxying. */
extern int lxc_neigh_proxy_off(const char *name, int family);

/* Activate IP forwarding. */
extern int lxc_ip_forwarding_on(const char *name, int family);

/* Disable IP forwarding. */
extern int lxc_ip_forwarding_off(const char *name, int family);

/* Generate a new unique network interface name.
 * Allocated memory must be freed by caller.
 */
extern char *lxc_mkifname(char *template);

extern const char *lxc_net_type_to_str(int type);
extern int setup_private_host_hw_addr(char *veth1);
extern int netdev_get_mtu(int ifindex);
extern int lxc_network_move_created_netdev_priv(struct lxc_handler *handler);
extern void lxc_delete_network(struct lxc_handler *handler);
extern int lxc_find_gateway_addresses(struct lxc_handler *handler);
extern int lxc_requests_empty_network(struct lxc_handler *handler);
extern int lxc_restore_phys_nics_to_netns(struct lxc_handler *handler);
extern int lxc_setup_network_in_child_namespaces(const struct lxc_conf *conf,
						 struct lxc_list *network);
extern int lxc_network_send_to_child(struct lxc_handler *handler);
extern int lxc_network_recv_from_parent(struct lxc_handler *handler);
extern int lxc_network_send_name_and_ifindex_to_parent(struct lxc_handler *handler);
extern int lxc_network_recv_name_and_ifindex_from_child(struct lxc_handler *handler);
extern int lxc_netns_set_nsid(int netns_fd);
extern int lxc_netns_get_nsid(__s32 fd);
extern int lxc_create_network(struct lxc_handler *handler);

extern char *is_wlan(const char *ifname);
extern int lxc_netdev_move_wlan(char *physname, const char *ifname, pid_t pid,
				const char *newname);

#endif /* __LXC_NETWORK_H */
Commit	Line	Data
0ad19a3f	1	/*
	2	* lxc: linux Container library
	3	*
	4	* (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2007, 2008
	5	*
	6	* Authors:
9afe19d6	7	* Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano at free.fr>
0ad19a3f	8	*
	9	* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
	10	* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
	11	* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
	12	* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	13	*
	14	* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	15	* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	16	* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
	17	* Lesser General Public License for more details.
	18	*
	19	* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
	20	* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
250b1eec	21	* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
0ad19a3f	22	*/
f1a4a029 ÇO	23	#ifndef __LXC_NETWORK_H
f1a4a029 ÇO	24	#define __LXC_NETWORK_H
0ad19a3f	25
ebc73a67	26	#include <arpa/inet.h>
938980ba	27	#include <linux/types.h>
d38dd64a CB	28	#include <stdbool.h>
d38dd64a CB	29	#include <stdio.h>
ebc73a67	30	#include <sys/socket.h>
d38dd64a	31	#include <unistd.h>
ebc73a67	32
811ef482 CB	33	#include "list.h"
	34
	35	struct lxc_conf;
	36	struct lxc_handler;
	37	struct lxc_netdev;
	38
	39	enum {
	40	LXC_NET_EMPTY,
	41	LXC_NET_VETH,
	42	LXC_NET_MACVLAN,
c9f52382	43	LXC_NET_IPVLAN,
811ef482 CB	44	LXC_NET_PHYS,
	45	LXC_NET_VLAN,
	46	LXC_NET_NONE,
	47	LXC_NET_MAXCONFTYPE,
	48	};
	49
	50	/*
	51	* Defines the structure to configure an ipv4 address
	52	* @address : ipv4 address
	53	* @broadcast : ipv4 broadcast address
	54	* @mask : network mask
	55	*/
	56	struct lxc_inetdev {
	57	struct in_addr addr;
	58	struct in_addr bcast;
	59	unsigned int prefix;
	60	};
	61
	62	struct lxc_route {
	63	struct in_addr addr;
	64	};
	65
	66	/*
	67	* Defines the structure to configure an ipv6 address
	68	* @flags : set the address up
	69	* @address : ipv6 address
	70	* @broadcast : ipv6 broadcast address
	71	* @mask : network mask
	72	*/
	73	struct lxc_inet6dev {
	74	struct in6_addr addr;
	75	struct in6_addr mcast;
	76	struct in6_addr acast;
	77	unsigned int prefix;
	78	};
	79
	80	struct lxc_route6 {
	81	struct in6_addr addr;
	82	};
	83
4239e9c3 CB	84	/* Contains information about the host side veth device.
	85	* @pair : Name of the host side veth device.
	86	* If the user requested that the host veth device be created with a
	87	* specific names this field will be set. If this field is set @veth1
	88	* is not set.
	89	* @veth1 : Name of the host side veth device.
	90	* If the user did not request that the host veth device be created
	91	* with a specific name this field will be set. If this field is set
	92	* @pair is not set.
	93	* @ifindex : Ifindex of the network device.
	94	*/
811ef482	95	struct ifla_veth {
de4855a8	96	char pair[IFNAMSIZ];
4239e9c3 CB	97	char veth1[IFNAMSIZ];
4239e9c3 CB	98	int ifindex;
d4a7da46	99	struct lxc_list ipv4_routes;
d4a7da46	100	struct lxc_list ipv6_routes;
3f0ed090	101	int mode; /* bridge, router */
811ef482 CB	102	};
	103
	104	struct ifla_vlan {
	105	unsigned int flags;
	106	unsigned int fmask;
	107	unsigned short vid;
	108	unsigned short pad;
	109	};
	110
	111	struct ifla_macvlan {
	112	int mode; /* private, vepa, bridge, passthru */
	113	};
	114
c9f52382	115	struct ifla_ipvlan {
	116	int mode; /* l3, l3s, l2 */
	117	int isolation; /* bridge, private, vepa */
	118	};
	119
790255cf CB	120	/* Contains information about the physical network device as seen from the host.
	121	* @ifindex : The ifindex of the physical network device in the host's network
	122	* namespace.
	123	*/
	124	struct ifla_phys {
	125	int ifindex;
0b154989	126	int mtu;
790255cf CB	127	};
790255cf CB	128
811ef482	129	union netdev_p {
790255cf	130	struct ifla_macvlan macvlan_attr;
c9f52382	131	struct ifla_ipvlan ipvlan_attr;
790255cf	132	struct ifla_phys phys_attr;
811ef482 CB	133	struct ifla_veth veth_attr;
811ef482 CB	134	struct ifla_vlan vlan_attr;
811ef482 CB	135	};
	136
	137	/*
	138	* Defines a structure to configure a network device
085bb443 CB	139	* @idx : network counter
	140	* @ifindex : ifindex of the network device
	141	* Note that this is the ifindex of the network device in
	142	* the container's network namespace. If the network device
	143	* consists of a pair of network devices (e.g. veth pairs
	144	* attached to a network bridge) then this index cannot be
	145	* used to identify or modify the host veth device. See
	146	* struct ifla_veth for the host side information.
	147	* @type : network type (veth, macvlan, vlan, ...)
	148	* @flags : flag of the network device (IFF_UP, ... )
	149	* @link : lxc.net.[i].link, name of bridge or host iface to attach
	150	* if any
e389f2af CB	151	* @name : lxc.net.[i].name, name of iface on the container side
	152	* @created_name : the name with which this interface got created before
	153	* being renamed to final_name.
	154	* Currenly only used for veth devices.
085bb443 CB	155	* @hwaddr : mac address
	156	* @mtu : maximum transmission unit
	157	* @priv : information specific to the specificed network type
	158	* Note that this is a union so whether accessing a struct
	159	* is possible is dependent on the network type.
	160	* @ipv4 : a list of ipv4 addresses to be set on the network device
	161	* @ipv6 : a list of ipv6 addresses to be set on the network device
	162	* @ipv4_gateway_auto : whether the ipv4 gateway is to be automatically gathered
	163	* from the associated @link
a2f9a670	164	* @ipv4_gateway_dev : whether the ipv4 gateway is to be set as a device route
085bb443 CB	165	* @ipv4_gateway : ipv4 gateway
	166	* @ipv6_gateway_auto : whether the ipv6 gateway is to be automatically gathered
	167	* from the associated @link
a2f9a670	168	* @ipv6_gateway_dev : whether the ipv6 gateway is to be set as a device route
085bb443 CB	169	* @ipv6_gateway : ipv6 gateway
	170	* @upscript : a script filename to be executed during interface
	171	* configuration
	172	* @downscript : a script filename to be executed during interface
	173	* destruction
811ef482 CB	174	*/
	175	struct lxc_netdev {
	176	ssize_t idx;
085bb443	177	int ifindex;
811ef482 CB	178	int type;
811ef482 CB	179	int flags;
de4855a8	180	char link[IFNAMSIZ];
6509154d	181	bool l2proxy;
de4855a8	182	char name[IFNAMSIZ];
e389f2af	183	char created_name[IFNAMSIZ];
811ef482 CB	184	char *hwaddr;
	185	char *mtu;
	186	union netdev_p priv;
	187	struct lxc_list ipv4;
	188	struct lxc_list ipv6;
811ef482	189	bool ipv4_gateway_auto;
a2f9a670	190	bool ipv4_gateway_dev;
085bb443	191	struct in_addr *ipv4_gateway;
811ef482	192	bool ipv6_gateway_auto;
a2f9a670	193	bool ipv6_gateway_dev;
085bb443	194	struct in6_addr *ipv6_gateway;
811ef482 CB	195	char *upscript;
	196	char *downscript;
	197	};
	198
ebc73a67	199	/* Convert a string mac address to a socket structure. */
0ad19a3f	200	extern int lxc_convert_mac(char macaddr, struct sockaddr sockaddr);
0ad19a3f	201
ebc73a67	202	/* Move a device between namespaces. */
535e8859	203	extern int lxc_netdev_move_by_index(int ifindex, pid_t pid, const char *ifname);
ebc73a67 CB	204	extern int lxc_netdev_move_by_name(const char *ifname, pid_t pid,
ebc73a67 CB	205	const char *newname);
0ad19a3f	206
ebc73a67	207	/* Delete a network device. */
b84f58b9 DL	208	extern int lxc_netdev_delete_by_name(const char *name);
b84f58b9 DL	209	extern int lxc_netdev_delete_by_index(int ifindex);
0ad19a3f	210
ebc73a67	211	/* Change the device name. */
b84f58b9 DL	212	extern int lxc_netdev_rename_by_name(const char oldname, const char newname);
b84f58b9 DL	213	extern int lxc_netdev_rename_by_index(int ifindex, const char *newname);
b9a5bb58	214
8befa924 SH	215	extern int netdev_set_flag(const char *name, int flag);
8befa924 SH	216
ebc73a67	217	/* Set the device network up or down. */
efa1cf45	218	extern int lxc_netdev_isup(const char *name);
d472214b DL	219	extern int lxc_netdev_up(const char *name);
d472214b DL	220	extern int lxc_netdev_down(const char *name);
0ad19a3f	221
ebc73a67	222	/* Change the mtu size for the specified device. */
d472214b	223	extern int lxc_netdev_set_mtu(const char *name, int mtu);
75d09f83	224
ebc73a67	225	/* Create a virtual network devices. */
497353b6	226	extern int lxc_veth_create(const char name1, const char name2);
e892973e	227	extern int lxc_macvlan_create(const char master, const char name, int mode);
ebc73a67 CB	228	extern int lxc_vlan_create(const char master, const char name,
ebc73a67 CB	229	unsigned short vid);
26c39028	230
ebc73a67	231	/* Set ip address. */
1f1b18e7 DL	232	extern int lxc_ipv6_addr_add(int ifindex, struct in6_addr *addr,
	233	struct in6_addr *mcast,
	234	struct in6_addr *acast, int prefix);
	235
	236	extern int lxc_ipv4_addr_add(int ifindex, struct in_addr *addr,
	237	struct in_addr *bcast, int prefix);
0ad19a3f	238
ebc73a67	239	/* Get ip address. */
19a26f82 MK	240	extern int lxc_ipv4_addr_get(int ifindex, struct in_addr **res);
	241	extern int lxc_ipv6_addr_get(int ifindex, struct in6_addr **res);
	242
ebc73a67	243	/* Set default route. */
f8fee0e2 MK	244	extern int lxc_ipv4_gateway_add(int ifindex, struct in_addr *gw);
	245	extern int lxc_ipv6_gateway_add(int ifindex, struct in6_addr *gw);
	246
ebc73a67	247	/* Attach an interface to the bridge. */
581c75e7 CB	248	extern int lxc_bridge_attach(const char bridge, const char ifname);
	249	extern int lxc_ovs_delete_port(const char bridge, const char nic);
	250
	251	extern bool is_ovs_bridge(const char *bridge);
0ad19a3f	252
ebc73a67	253	/* Create default gateway. */
497353b6 DL	254	extern int lxc_route_create_default(const char addr, const char ifname,
497353b6 DL	255	int gateway);
0ad19a3f	256
ebc73a67	257	/* Delete default gateway. */
497353b6 DL	258	extern int lxc_route_delete_default(const char addr, const char ifname,
497353b6 DL	259	int gateway);
0ad19a3f	260
ebc73a67	261	/* Activate neighbor proxying. */
497353b6	262	extern int lxc_neigh_proxy_on(const char *name, int family);
0ad19a3f	263
ebc73a67	264	/* Disable neighbor proxying. */
497353b6	265	extern int lxc_neigh_proxy_off(const char *name, int family);
0ad19a3f	266
6dfa9581 TP	267	/* Activate IP forwarding. */
	268	extern int lxc_ip_forwarding_on(const char *name, int family);
	269
	270	/* Disable IP forwarding. */
	271	extern int lxc_ip_forwarding_off(const char *name, int family);
	272
811ef482 CB	273	/* Generate a new unique network interface name.
	274	* Allocated memory must be freed by caller.
	275	*/
966e9f1f	276	extern char lxc_mkifname(char template);
a0265685	277
72d0e1cb	278	extern const char *lxc_net_type_to_str(int type);
8befa924	279	extern int setup_private_host_hw_addr(char *veth1);
0130df54	280	extern int netdev_get_mtu(int ifindex);
e389f2af	281	extern int lxc_network_move_created_netdev_priv(struct lxc_handler *handler);
bb84beda	282	extern void lxc_delete_network(struct lxc_handler *handler);
811ef482	283	extern int lxc_find_gateway_addresses(struct lxc_handler *handler);
811ef482	284	extern int lxc_requests_empty_network(struct lxc_handler *handler);
b809f232	285	extern int lxc_restore_phys_nics_to_netns(struct lxc_handler *handler);
811ef482 CB	286	extern int lxc_setup_network_in_child_namespaces(const struct lxc_conf *conf,
811ef482 CB	287	struct lxc_list *network);
3c09b97c CB	288	extern int lxc_network_send_to_child(struct lxc_handler *handler);
3c09b97c CB	289	extern int lxc_network_recv_from_parent(struct lxc_handler *handler);
a1ae535a CB	290	extern int lxc_network_send_name_and_ifindex_to_parent(struct lxc_handler *handler);
a1ae535a CB	291	extern int lxc_network_recv_name_and_ifindex_from_child(struct lxc_handler *handler);
1cd95214	292	extern int lxc_netns_set_nsid(int netns_fd);
938980ba	293	extern int lxc_netns_get_nsid(__s32 fd);
e389f2af	294	extern int lxc_create_network(struct lxc_handler *handler);
ebc73a67	295
e4103cf6 TP	296	extern char is_wlan(const char ifname);
	297	extern int lxc_netdev_move_wlan(char physname, const char ifname, pid_t pid,
	298	const char *newname);
	299
ebc73a67	300	#endif /* __LXC_NETWORK_H */