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1/* Support for writing ELF notes for ARM architectures
2 *
3 * Copyright (C) 2015 Red Hat Inc.
4 *
5 * Author: Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>
6 *
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10 * (at your option) any later version.
11 *
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
18 * with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19 */
20
8ef94f0b 21#include "qemu/osdep.h"
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22#include "cpu.h"
23#include "elf.h"
24#include "sysemu/dump.h"
25
26/* struct user_pt_regs from arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h */
27struct aarch64_user_regs {
28 uint64_t regs[31];
29 uint64_t sp;
30 uint64_t pc;
31 uint64_t pstate;
32} QEMU_PACKED;
33
34QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct aarch64_user_regs) != 272);
35
36/* struct elf_prstatus from include/uapi/linux/elfcore.h */
37struct aarch64_elf_prstatus {
38 char pad1[32]; /* 32 == offsetof(struct elf_prstatus, pr_pid) */
39 uint32_t pr_pid;
40 char pad2[76]; /* 76 == offsetof(struct elf_prstatus, pr_reg) -
41 offsetof(struct elf_prstatus, pr_ppid) */
42 struct aarch64_user_regs pr_reg;
43 uint32_t pr_fpvalid;
44 char pad3[4];
45} QEMU_PACKED;
46
47QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct aarch64_elf_prstatus) != 392);
48
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49/* struct user_fpsimd_state from arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h
50 *
51 * While the vregs member of user_fpsimd_state is of type __uint128_t,
52 * QEMU uses an array of uint64_t, where the high half of the 128-bit
53 * value is always in the 2n+1'th index. Thus we also break the 128-
54 * bit values into two halves in this reproduction of user_fpsimd_state.
55 */
56struct aarch64_user_vfp_state {
57 uint64_t vregs[64];
58 uint32_t fpsr;
59 uint32_t fpcr;
60 char pad[8];
61} QEMU_PACKED;
62
63QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct aarch64_user_vfp_state) != 528);
64
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65struct aarch64_note {
66 Elf64_Nhdr hdr;
67 char name[8]; /* align_up(sizeof("CORE"), 4) */
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68 union {
69 struct aarch64_elf_prstatus prstatus;
70 struct aarch64_user_vfp_state vfp;
71 };
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72} QEMU_PACKED;
73
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74#define AARCH64_NOTE_HEADER_SIZE offsetof(struct aarch64_note, prstatus)
75#define AARCH64_PRSTATUS_NOTE_SIZE \
76 (AARCH64_NOTE_HEADER_SIZE + sizeof(struct aarch64_elf_prstatus))
77#define AARCH64_PRFPREG_NOTE_SIZE \
78 (AARCH64_NOTE_HEADER_SIZE + sizeof(struct aarch64_user_vfp_state))
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79
80static void aarch64_note_init(struct aarch64_note *note, DumpState *s,
81 const char *name, Elf64_Word namesz,
82 Elf64_Word type, Elf64_Word descsz)
83{
84 memset(note, 0, sizeof(*note));
85
86 note->hdr.n_namesz = cpu_to_dump32(s, namesz);
87 note->hdr.n_descsz = cpu_to_dump32(s, descsz);
88 note->hdr.n_type = cpu_to_dump32(s, type);
89
90 memcpy(note->name, name, namesz);
91}
92
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93static int aarch64_write_elf64_prfpreg(WriteCoreDumpFunction f,
94 CPUARMState *env, int cpuid,
95 DumpState *s)
96{
97 struct aarch64_note note;
98 int ret, i;
99
100 aarch64_note_init(&note, s, "CORE", 5, NT_PRFPREG, sizeof(note.vfp));
101
102 for (i = 0; i < 64; ++i) {
103 note.vfp.vregs[i] = cpu_to_dump64(s, float64_val(env->vfp.regs[i]));
104 }
105
106 if (s->dump_info.d_endian == ELFDATA2MSB) {
107 /* For AArch64 we must always swap the vfp.regs's 2n and 2n+1
108 * entries when generating BE notes, because even big endian
109 * hosts use 2n+1 for the high half.
110 */
111 for (i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
112 uint64_t tmp = note.vfp.vregs[2*i];
113 note.vfp.vregs[2*i] = note.vfp.vregs[2*i+1];
114 note.vfp.vregs[2*i+1] = tmp;
115 }
116 }
117
118 note.vfp.fpsr = cpu_to_dump32(s, vfp_get_fpsr(env));
119 note.vfp.fpcr = cpu_to_dump32(s, vfp_get_fpcr(env));
120
121 ret = f(&note, AARCH64_PRFPREG_NOTE_SIZE, s);
122 if (ret < 0) {
123 return -1;
124 }
125
126 return 0;
127}
128
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129int arm_cpu_write_elf64_note(WriteCoreDumpFunction f, CPUState *cs,
130 int cpuid, void *opaque)
131{
132 struct aarch64_note note;
133 CPUARMState *env = &ARM_CPU(cs)->env;
134 DumpState *s = opaque;
135 uint64_t pstate, sp;
136 int ret, i;
137
138 aarch64_note_init(&note, s, "CORE", 5, NT_PRSTATUS, sizeof(note.prstatus));
139
140 note.prstatus.pr_pid = cpu_to_dump32(s, cpuid);
bada8e44 141 note.prstatus.pr_fpvalid = cpu_to_dump32(s, 1);
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142
143 if (!is_a64(env)) {
144 aarch64_sync_32_to_64(env);
145 pstate = cpsr_read(env);
146 sp = 0;
147 } else {
148 pstate = pstate_read(env);
149 sp = env->xregs[31];
150 }
151
152 for (i = 0; i < 31; ++i) {
153 note.prstatus.pr_reg.regs[i] = cpu_to_dump64(s, env->xregs[i]);
154 }
155 note.prstatus.pr_reg.sp = cpu_to_dump64(s, sp);
156 note.prstatus.pr_reg.pc = cpu_to_dump64(s, env->pc);
157 note.prstatus.pr_reg.pstate = cpu_to_dump64(s, pstate);
158
bada8e44 159 ret = f(&note, AARCH64_PRSTATUS_NOTE_SIZE, s);
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160 if (ret < 0) {
161 return -1;
162 }
163
bada8e44 164 return aarch64_write_elf64_prfpreg(f, env, cpuid, s);
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165}
166
167/* struct pt_regs from arch/arm/include/asm/ptrace.h */
168struct arm_user_regs {
169 uint32_t regs[17];
170 char pad[4];
171} QEMU_PACKED;
172
173QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct arm_user_regs) != 72);
174
175/* struct elf_prstatus from include/uapi/linux/elfcore.h */
176struct arm_elf_prstatus {
177 char pad1[24]; /* 24 == offsetof(struct elf_prstatus, pr_pid) */
178 uint32_t pr_pid;
179 char pad2[44]; /* 44 == offsetof(struct elf_prstatus, pr_reg) -
180 offsetof(struct elf_prstatus, pr_ppid) */
181 struct arm_user_regs pr_reg;
182 uint32_t pr_fpvalid;
183} QEMU_PACKED arm_elf_prstatus;
184
185QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct arm_elf_prstatus) != 148);
186
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187/* struct user_vfp from arch/arm/include/asm/user.h */
188struct arm_user_vfp_state {
189 uint64_t vregs[32];
190 uint32_t fpscr;
191} QEMU_PACKED;
192
193QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct arm_user_vfp_state) != 260);
194
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195struct arm_note {
196 Elf32_Nhdr hdr;
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197 char name[8]; /* align_up(sizeof("LINUX"), 4) */
198 union {
199 struct arm_elf_prstatus prstatus;
200 struct arm_user_vfp_state vfp;
201 };
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202} QEMU_PACKED;
203
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204#define ARM_NOTE_HEADER_SIZE offsetof(struct arm_note, prstatus)
205#define ARM_PRSTATUS_NOTE_SIZE \
206 (ARM_NOTE_HEADER_SIZE + sizeof(struct arm_elf_prstatus))
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207#define ARM_VFP_NOTE_SIZE \
208 (ARM_NOTE_HEADER_SIZE + sizeof(struct arm_user_vfp_state))
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209
210static void arm_note_init(struct arm_note *note, DumpState *s,
211 const char *name, Elf32_Word namesz,
212 Elf32_Word type, Elf32_Word descsz)
213{
214 memset(note, 0, sizeof(*note));
215
216 note->hdr.n_namesz = cpu_to_dump32(s, namesz);
217 note->hdr.n_descsz = cpu_to_dump32(s, descsz);
218 note->hdr.n_type = cpu_to_dump32(s, type);
219
220 memcpy(note->name, name, namesz);
221}
222
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223static int arm_write_elf32_vfp(WriteCoreDumpFunction f, CPUARMState *env,
224 int cpuid, DumpState *s)
225{
226 struct arm_note note;
227 int ret, i;
228
229 arm_note_init(&note, s, "LINUX", 6, NT_ARM_VFP, sizeof(note.vfp));
230
231 for (i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {
232 note.vfp.vregs[i] = cpu_to_dump64(s, float64_val(env->vfp.regs[i]));
233 }
234
235 note.vfp.fpscr = cpu_to_dump32(s, vfp_get_fpscr(env));
236
237 ret = f(&note, ARM_VFP_NOTE_SIZE, s);
238 if (ret < 0) {
239 return -1;
240 }
241
242 return 0;
243}
244
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245int arm_cpu_write_elf32_note(WriteCoreDumpFunction f, CPUState *cs,
246 int cpuid, void *opaque)
247{
248 struct arm_note note;
249 CPUARMState *env = &ARM_CPU(cs)->env;
250 DumpState *s = opaque;
ade0d0c0 251 int ret, i, fpvalid = !!arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_VFP);
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252
253 arm_note_init(&note, s, "CORE", 5, NT_PRSTATUS, sizeof(note.prstatus));
254
255 note.prstatus.pr_pid = cpu_to_dump32(s, cpuid);
ade0d0c0 256 note.prstatus.pr_fpvalid = cpu_to_dump32(s, fpvalid);
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257
258 for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
259 note.prstatus.pr_reg.regs[i] = cpu_to_dump32(s, env->regs[i]);
260 }
261 note.prstatus.pr_reg.regs[16] = cpu_to_dump32(s, cpsr_read(env));
262
bada8e44 263 ret = f(&note, ARM_PRSTATUS_NOTE_SIZE, s);
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264 if (ret < 0) {
265 return -1;
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266 } else if (fpvalid) {
267 return arm_write_elf32_vfp(f, env, cpuid, s);
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268 }
269
270 return 0;
271}
272
273int cpu_get_dump_info(ArchDumpInfo *info,
274 const GuestPhysBlockList *guest_phys_blocks)
275{
276 ARMCPU *cpu = ARM_CPU(first_cpu);
277 CPUARMState *env = &cpu->env;
278 GuestPhysBlock *block;
279 hwaddr lowest_addr = ULLONG_MAX;
280
281 /* Take a best guess at the phys_base. If we get it wrong then crash
282 * will need '--machdep phys_offset=<phys-offset>' added to its command
283 * line, which isn't any worse than assuming we can use zero, but being
284 * wrong. This is the same algorithm the crash utility uses when
285 * attempting to guess as it loads non-dumpfile formatted files.
286 */
287 QTAILQ_FOREACH(block, &guest_phys_blocks->head, next) {
288 if (block->target_start < lowest_addr) {
289 lowest_addr = block->target_start;
290 }
291 }
292
293 if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_AARCH64)) {
294 info->d_machine = EM_AARCH64;
295 info->d_class = ELFCLASS64;
296 info->page_size = (1 << 16); /* aarch64 max pagesize */
297 if (lowest_addr != ULLONG_MAX) {
298 info->phys_base = lowest_addr;
299 }
300 } else {
301 info->d_machine = EM_ARM;
302 info->d_class = ELFCLASS32;
303 info->page_size = (1 << 12);
304 if (lowest_addr < UINT_MAX) {
305 info->phys_base = lowest_addr;
306 }
307 }
308
309 /* We assume the relevant endianness is that of EL1; this is right
310 * for kernels, but might give the wrong answer if you're trying to
311 * dump a hypervisor that happens to be running an opposite-endian
312 * kernel.
313 */
314 info->d_endian = (env->cp15.sctlr_el[1] & SCTLR_EE) != 0
315 ? ELFDATA2MSB : ELFDATA2LSB;
316
317 return 0;
318}
319
320ssize_t cpu_get_note_size(int class, int machine, int nr_cpus)
321{
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322 ARMCPU *cpu = ARM_CPU(first_cpu);
323 CPUARMState *env = &cpu->env;
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324 size_t note_size;
325
326 if (class == ELFCLASS64) {
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327 note_size = AARCH64_PRSTATUS_NOTE_SIZE;
328 note_size += AARCH64_PRFPREG_NOTE_SIZE;
da2b9140 329 } else {
bada8e44 330 note_size = ARM_PRSTATUS_NOTE_SIZE;
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331 if (arm_feature(env, ARM_FEATURE_VFP)) {
332 note_size += ARM_VFP_NOTE_SIZE;
333 }
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334 }
335
336 return note_size * nr_cpus;
337}