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1# -----------------------------
2# PostgreSQL configuration file
3# -----------------------------
4#
5# This file consists of lines of the form:
6#
7# name = value
8#
9# (The "=" is optional.) Whitespace may be used. Comments are introduced with
10# "#" anywhere on a line. The complete list of parameter names and allowed
11# values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
12#
13# The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
14# Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
15# you need to reload the server.
16#
17# This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
18# signal. If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
19# server for the changes to take effect, or use "pg_ctl reload". Some
20# parameters, which are marked below, require a server shutdown and restart to
21# take effect.
22#
23# Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
24# "postgres -c log_connections=on". Some parameters can be changed at run time
25# with the "SET" SQL command.
26#
27# Memory units: kB = kilobytes Time units: ms = milliseconds
28# MB = megabytes s = seconds
29# GB = gigabytes min = minutes
30# TB = terabytes h = hours
31# d = days
32
33
34#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35# FILE LOCATIONS
36#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
37
38# The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
39# option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.
40
41data_directory = '/var/lib/postgresql/9.6/main' # use data in another directory
42 # (change requires restart)
43hba_file = '/etc/postgresql/9.6/main/pg_hba.conf' # host-based authentication file
44 # (change requires restart)
45ident_file = '/etc/postgresql/9.6/main/pg_ident.conf' # ident configuration file
46 # (change requires restart)
47
48# If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
49external_pid_file = '/var/run/postgresql/9.6-main.pid' # write an extra PID file
50 # (change requires restart)
51
52
53#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54# CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
55#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
56
57# - Connection Settings -
58
59#listen_addresses = 'localhost' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
60 # comma-separated list of addresses;
61 # defaults to 'localhost'; use '*' for all
62 # (change requires restart)
63port = 5432 # (change requires restart)
64max_connections = 100 # (change requires restart)
65#superuser_reserved_connections = 3 # (change requires restart)
66unix_socket_directories = '/var/run/postgresql' # comma-separated list of directories
67 # (change requires restart)
68#unix_socket_group = '' # (change requires restart)
69#unix_socket_permissions = 0777 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
70 # (change requires restart)
71#bonjour = off # advertise server via Bonjour
72 # (change requires restart)
73#bonjour_name = '' # defaults to the computer name
74 # (change requires restart)
75
76# - Security and Authentication -
77
78#authentication_timeout = 1min # 1s-600s
79ssl = true # (change requires restart)
80#ssl_ciphers = 'HIGH:MEDIUM:+3DES:!aNULL' # allowed SSL ciphers
81 # (change requires restart)
82#ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = on # (change requires restart)
83#ssl_ecdh_curve = 'prime256v1' # (change requires restart)
84ssl_cert_file = '/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem' # (change requires restart)
85ssl_key_file = '/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key' # (change requires restart)
86#ssl_ca_file = '' # (change requires restart)
87#ssl_crl_file = '' # (change requires restart)
88#password_encryption = on
89#db_user_namespace = off
90#row_security = on
91
92# GSSAPI using Kerberos
93#krb_server_keyfile = ''
94#krb_caseins_users = off
95
96# - TCP Keepalives -
97# see "man 7 tcp" for details
98
99#tcp_keepalives_idle = 0 # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
100 # 0 selects the system default
101#tcp_keepalives_interval = 0 # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
102 # 0 selects the system default
103#tcp_keepalives_count = 0 # TCP_KEEPCNT;
104 # 0 selects the system default
105
106
107#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
108# RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
109#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
110
111# - Memory -
112
113shared_buffers = 128MB # min 128kB
114 # (change requires restart)
115#huge_pages = try # on, off, or try
116 # (change requires restart)
117#temp_buffers = 8MB # min 800kB
118#max_prepared_transactions = 0 # zero disables the feature
119 # (change requires restart)
120# Caution: it is not advisable to set max_prepared_transactions nonzero unless
121# you actively intend to use prepared transactions.
122#work_mem = 4MB # min 64kB
123#maintenance_work_mem = 64MB # min 1MB
124#replacement_sort_tuples = 150000 # limits use of replacement selection sort
125#autovacuum_work_mem = -1 # min 1MB, or -1 to use maintenance_work_mem
126#max_stack_depth = 2MB # min 100kB
127dynamic_shared_memory_type = posix # the default is the first option
128 # supported by the operating system:
129 # posix
130 # sysv
131 # windows
132 # mmap
133 # use none to disable dynamic shared memory
134
135# - Disk -
136
137#temp_file_limit = -1 # limits per-process temp file space
138 # in kB, or -1 for no limit
139
140# - Kernel Resource Usage -
141
142#max_files_per_process = 1000 # min 25
143 # (change requires restart)
144#shared_preload_libraries = '' # (change requires restart)
145
146# - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -
147
148#vacuum_cost_delay = 0 # 0-100 milliseconds
149#vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1 # 0-10000 credits
150#vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10 # 0-10000 credits
151#vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20 # 0-10000 credits
152#vacuum_cost_limit = 200 # 1-10000 credits
153
154# - Background Writer -
155
156#bgwriter_delay = 200ms # 10-10000ms between rounds
157#bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100 # 0-1000 max buffers written/round
158#bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0 # 0-10.0 multiplier on buffers scanned/round
57cbf057 159#bgwriter_flush_after = 512kB # measured in pages, 0 disables
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160
161# - Asynchronous Behavior -
162
163#effective_io_concurrency = 1 # 1-1000; 0 disables prefetching
164#max_worker_processes = 8 # (change requires restart)
165#max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 0 # taken from max_worker_processes
166#old_snapshot_threshold = -1 # 1min-60d; -1 disables; 0 is immediate
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167 # (change requires restart)
168#backend_flush_after = 0 # measured in pages, 0 disables
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169
170
171#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
172# WRITE AHEAD LOG
173#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
174
175# - Settings -
176
177#wal_level = minimal # minimal, replica, or logical
178 # (change requires restart)
179#fsync = on # flush data to disk for crash safety
180 # (turning this off can cause
181 # unrecoverable data corruption)
182#synchronous_commit = on # synchronization level;
183 # off, local, remote_write, remote_apply, or on
184#wal_sync_method = fsync # the default is the first option
185 # supported by the operating system:
186 # open_datasync
187 # fdatasync (default on Linux)
188 # fsync
189 # fsync_writethrough
190 # open_sync
191#full_page_writes = on # recover from partial page writes
192#wal_compression = off # enable compression of full-page writes
193#wal_log_hints = off # also do full page writes of non-critical updates
194 # (change requires restart)
195#wal_buffers = -1 # min 32kB, -1 sets based on shared_buffers
196 # (change requires restart)
197#wal_writer_delay = 200ms # 1-10000 milliseconds
57cbf057 198#wal_writer_flush_after = 1MB # measured in pages, 0 disables
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199
200#commit_delay = 0 # range 0-100000, in microseconds
201#commit_siblings = 5 # range 1-1000
202
203# - Checkpoints -
204
205#checkpoint_timeout = 5min # range 30s-1d
206#max_wal_size = 1GB
207#min_wal_size = 80MB
208#checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
57cbf057 209#checkpoint_flush_after = 256kB # measured in pages, 0 disables
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210#checkpoint_warning = 30s # 0 disables
211
212# - Archiving -
213
214#archive_mode = off # enables archiving; off, on, or always
215 # (change requires restart)
216#archive_command = '' # command to use to archive a logfile segment
217 # placeholders: %p = path of file to archive
218 # %f = file name only
219 # e.g. 'test ! -f /mnt/server/archivedir/%f && cp %p /mnt/server/archivedir/%f'
220#archive_timeout = 0 # force a logfile segment switch after this
221 # number of seconds; 0 disables
222
223
224#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
225# REPLICATION
226#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
227
228# - Sending Server(s) -
229
230# Set these on the master and on any standby that will send replication data.
231
232#max_wal_senders = 0 # max number of walsender processes
233 # (change requires restart)
234#wal_keep_segments = 0 # in logfile segments, 16MB each; 0 disables
235#wal_sender_timeout = 60s # in milliseconds; 0 disables
236
237#max_replication_slots = 0 # max number of replication slots
238 # (change requires restart)
239#track_commit_timestamp = off # collect timestamp of transaction commit
240 # (change requires restart)
241
242# - Master Server -
243
244# These settings are ignored on a standby server.
245
246#synchronous_standby_names = '' # standby servers that provide sync rep
247 # number of sync standbys and comma-separated list of application_name
248 # from standby(s); '*' = all
249#vacuum_defer_cleanup_age = 0 # number of xacts by which cleanup is delayed
250
251# - Standby Servers -
252
253# These settings are ignored on a master server.
254
255#hot_standby = off # "on" allows queries during recovery
256 # (change requires restart)
257#max_standby_archive_delay = 30s # max delay before canceling queries
258 # when reading WAL from archive;
259 # -1 allows indefinite delay
260#max_standby_streaming_delay = 30s # max delay before canceling queries
261 # when reading streaming WAL;
262 # -1 allows indefinite delay
263#wal_receiver_status_interval = 10s # send replies at least this often
264 # 0 disables
265#hot_standby_feedback = off # send info from standby to prevent
266 # query conflicts
267#wal_receiver_timeout = 60s # time that receiver waits for
268 # communication from master
269 # in milliseconds; 0 disables
270#wal_retrieve_retry_interval = 5s # time to wait before retrying to
271 # retrieve WAL after a failed attempt
272
273
274#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
275# QUERY TUNING
276#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
277
278# - Planner Method Configuration -
279
280#enable_bitmapscan = on
281#enable_hashagg = on
282#enable_hashjoin = on
283#enable_indexscan = on
284#enable_indexonlyscan = on
285#enable_material = on
286#enable_mergejoin = on
287#enable_nestloop = on
288#enable_seqscan = on
289#enable_sort = on
290#enable_tidscan = on
291
292# - Planner Cost Constants -
293
294#seq_page_cost = 1.0 # measured on an arbitrary scale
295#random_page_cost = 4.0 # same scale as above
296#cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01 # same scale as above
297#cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005 # same scale as above
298#cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025 # same scale as above
299#parallel_tuple_cost = 0.1 # same scale as above
300#parallel_setup_cost = 1000.0 # same scale as above
301#min_parallel_relation_size = 8MB
302#effective_cache_size = 4GB
303
304# - Genetic Query Optimizer -
305
306#geqo = on
307#geqo_threshold = 12
308#geqo_effort = 5 # range 1-10
309#geqo_pool_size = 0 # selects default based on effort
310#geqo_generations = 0 # selects default based on effort
311#geqo_selection_bias = 2.0 # range 1.5-2.0
312#geqo_seed = 0.0 # range 0.0-1.0
313
314# - Other Planner Options -
315
316#default_statistics_target = 100 # range 1-10000
317#constraint_exclusion = partition # on, off, or partition
318#cursor_tuple_fraction = 0.1 # range 0.0-1.0
319#from_collapse_limit = 8
320#join_collapse_limit = 8 # 1 disables collapsing of explicit
321 # JOIN clauses
322#force_parallel_mode = off
323
324
325#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
326# ERROR REPORTING AND LOGGING
327#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
328
329# - Where to Log -
330
331#log_destination = 'stderr' # Valid values are combinations of
332 # stderr, csvlog, syslog, and eventlog,
333 # depending on platform. csvlog
334 # requires logging_collector to be on.
335
336# This is used when logging to stderr:
337#logging_collector = off # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
338 # into log files. Required to be on for
339 # csvlogs.
340 # (change requires restart)
341
342# These are only used if logging_collector is on:
343#log_directory = 'pg_log' # directory where log files are written,
344 # can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
345#log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log' # log file name pattern,
346 # can include strftime() escapes
347#log_file_mode = 0600 # creation mode for log files,
348 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
349#log_truncate_on_rotation = off # If on, an existing log file with the
350 # same name as the new log file will be
351 # truncated rather than appended to.
352 # But such truncation only occurs on
353 # time-driven rotation, not on restarts
354 # or size-driven rotation. Default is
355 # off, meaning append to existing files
356 # in all cases.
357#log_rotation_age = 1d # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
358 # happen after that time. 0 disables.
359#log_rotation_size = 10MB # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
360 # happen after that much log output.
361 # 0 disables.
362
363# These are relevant when logging to syslog:
364#syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
365#syslog_ident = 'postgres'
366#syslog_sequence_numbers = on
367#syslog_split_messages = on
368
369# This is only relevant when logging to eventlog (win32):
370#event_source = 'PostgreSQL'
371
372# - When to Log -
373
374#client_min_messages = notice # values in order of decreasing detail:
375 # debug5
376 # debug4
377 # debug3
378 # debug2
379 # debug1
380 # log
381 # notice
382 # warning
383 # error
384
385#log_min_messages = warning # values in order of decreasing detail:
386 # debug5
387 # debug4
388 # debug3
389 # debug2
390 # debug1
391 # info
392 # notice
393 # warning
394 # error
395 # log
396 # fatal
397 # panic
398
399#log_min_error_statement = error # values in order of decreasing detail:
400 # debug5
401 # debug4
402 # debug3
403 # debug2
404 # debug1
405 # info
406 # notice
407 # warning
408 # error
409 # log
410 # fatal
411 # panic (effectively off)
412
413#log_min_duration_statement = -1 # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
414 # and their durations, > 0 logs only
415 # statements running at least this number
416 # of milliseconds
417
418
419# - What to Log -
420
421#debug_print_parse = off
422#debug_print_rewritten = off
423#debug_print_plan = off
424#debug_pretty_print = on
425#log_checkpoints = off
426#log_connections = off
427#log_disconnections = off
428#log_duration = off
429#log_error_verbosity = default # terse, default, or verbose messages
430#log_hostname = off
57cbf057 431log_line_prefix = '%m [%p] %q%u@%d ' # special values:
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432 # %a = application name
433 # %u = user name
434 # %d = database name
435 # %r = remote host and port
436 # %h = remote host
437 # %p = process ID
438 # %t = timestamp without milliseconds
439 # %m = timestamp with milliseconds
440 # %n = timestamp with milliseconds (as a Unix epoch)
441 # %i = command tag
442 # %e = SQL state
443 # %c = session ID
444 # %l = session line number
445 # %s = session start timestamp
446 # %v = virtual transaction ID
447 # %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
448 # %q = stop here in non-session
449 # processes
450 # %% = '%'
451 # e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
452#log_lock_waits = off # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
453#log_statement = 'none' # none, ddl, mod, all
454#log_replication_commands = off
455#log_temp_files = -1 # log temporary files equal or larger
456 # than the specified size in kilobytes;
457 # -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
458log_timezone = 'localtime'
459
460
461# - Process Title -
462
463cluster_name = '9.6/main' # added to process titles if nonempty
464 # (change requires restart)
465#update_process_title = on
466
467
468#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
469# RUNTIME STATISTICS
470#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
471
472# - Query/Index Statistics Collector -
473
474#track_activities = on
475#track_counts = on
476#track_io_timing = off
477#track_functions = none # none, pl, all
478#track_activity_query_size = 1024 # (change requires restart)
479stats_temp_directory = '/var/run/postgresql/9.6-main.pg_stat_tmp'
480
481
482# - Statistics Monitoring -
483
484#log_parser_stats = off
485#log_planner_stats = off
486#log_executor_stats = off
487#log_statement_stats = off
488
489
490#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
491# AUTOVACUUM PARAMETERS
492#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
493
494#autovacuum = on # Enable autovacuum subprocess? 'on'
495 # requires track_counts to also be on.
496#log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1 # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
497 # their durations, > 0 logs only
498 # actions running at least this number
499 # of milliseconds.
500#autovacuum_max_workers = 3 # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
501 # (change requires restart)
502#autovacuum_naptime = 1min # time between autovacuum runs
503#autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
504 # vacuum
505#autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
506 # analyze
507#autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2 # fraction of table size before vacuum
508#autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1 # fraction of table size before analyze
509#autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000 # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
510 # (change requires restart)
511#autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age = 400000000 # maximum multixact age
512 # before forced vacuum
513 # (change requires restart)
514#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 20ms # default vacuum cost delay for
515 # autovacuum, in milliseconds;
516 # -1 means use vacuum_cost_delay
517#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1 # default vacuum cost limit for
518 # autovacuum, -1 means use
519 # vacuum_cost_limit
520
521
522#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
523# CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
524#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
525
526# - Statement Behavior -
527
528#search_path = '"$user", public' # schema names
529#default_tablespace = '' # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
530#temp_tablespaces = '' # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
531 # only default tablespace
532#check_function_bodies = on
533#default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
534#default_transaction_read_only = off
535#default_transaction_deferrable = off
536#session_replication_role = 'origin'
537#statement_timeout = 0 # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
538#lock_timeout = 0 # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
539#idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = 0 # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
540#vacuum_freeze_min_age = 50000000
541#vacuum_freeze_table_age = 150000000
542#vacuum_multixact_freeze_min_age = 5000000
543#vacuum_multixact_freeze_table_age = 150000000
544#bytea_output = 'hex' # hex, escape
545#xmlbinary = 'base64'
546#xmloption = 'content'
547#gin_fuzzy_search_limit = 0
548#gin_pending_list_limit = 4MB
549
550# - Locale and Formatting -
551
552datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
553#intervalstyle = 'postgres'
554timezone = 'localtime'
555#timezone_abbreviations = 'Default' # Select the set of available time zone
556 # abbreviations. Currently, there are
557 # Default
558 # Australia (historical usage)
559 # India
560 # You can create your own file in
561 # share/timezonesets/.
562#extra_float_digits = 0 # min -15, max 3
563#client_encoding = sql_ascii # actually, defaults to database
564 # encoding
565
566# These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
567lc_messages = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for system error message
568 # strings
569lc_monetary = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for monetary formatting
570lc_numeric = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for number formatting
571lc_time = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for time formatting
572
573# default configuration for text search
574default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'
575
576# - Other Defaults -
577
578#dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
579#local_preload_libraries = ''
580#session_preload_libraries = ''
581
582
583#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
584# LOCK MANAGEMENT
585#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
586
587#deadlock_timeout = 1s
588#max_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
589 # (change requires restart)
590#max_pred_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
591 # (change requires restart)
592
593
594#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
595# VERSION/PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
596#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
597
598# - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -
599
600#array_nulls = on
601#backslash_quote = safe_encoding # on, off, or safe_encoding
602#default_with_oids = off
603#escape_string_warning = on
604#lo_compat_privileges = off
605#operator_precedence_warning = off
606#quote_all_identifiers = off
607#sql_inheritance = on
608#standard_conforming_strings = on
609#synchronize_seqscans = on
610
611# - Other Platforms and Clients -
612
613#transform_null_equals = off
614
615
616#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
617# ERROR HANDLING
618#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
619
620#exit_on_error = off # terminate session on any error?
621#restart_after_crash = on # reinitialize after backend crash?
622
623
624#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
625# CONFIG FILE INCLUDES
626#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
627
628# These options allow settings to be loaded from files other than the
629# default postgresql.conf.
630
631#include_dir = 'conf.d' # include files ending in '.conf' from
632 # directory 'conf.d'
633#include_if_exists = 'exists.conf' # include file only if it exists
634#include = 'special.conf' # include file
635
636
637#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
638# CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
639#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
640
641# Add settings for extensions here