Documentation/kernel-docs.txt

   1 .. _kernel_docs:
   2
   3 Index of Documentation for People Interested in Writing and/or Understanding the Linux Kernel
   4 =============================================================================================
   5
   6           Juan-Mariano de Goyeneche <jmseyas@dit.upm.es>
   7
   8 The need for a document like this one became apparent in the
   9 linux-kernel mailing list as the same questions, asking for pointers
  10 to information, appeared again and again.
  11
  12 Fortunately, as more and more people get to GNU/Linux, more and more
  13 get interested in the Kernel. But reading the sources is not always
  14 enough. It is easy to understand the code, but miss the concepts, the
  15 philosophy and design decisions behind this code.
  16
  17 Unfortunately, not many documents are available for beginners to
  18 start. And, even if they exist, there was no "well-known" place which
  19 kept track of them. These lines try to cover this lack. All documents
  20 available on line known by the author are listed, while some reference
  21 books are also mentioned.
  22
  23 PLEASE, if you know any paper not listed here or write a new document,
  24 send me an e-mail, and I'll include a reference to it here. Any
  25 corrections, ideas or comments are also welcomed.
  26
  27 The papers that follow are listed in no particular order. All are
  28 cataloged with the following fields: the document's "Title", the
  29 "Author"/s, the "URL" where they can be found, some "Keywords" helpful
  30 when searching for specific topics, and a brief "Description" of the
  31 Document.
  32
  33 Enjoy!
  34
  35 On-line docs
  36 ------------
  37
  38     * Title: **Linux Device Drivers, Third Edition**
  39
  40       :Author: Jonathan Corbet, Alessandro Rubini, Greg Kroah-Hartman
  41       :URL: http://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/
  42       :Description: A 600-page book covering the (2.6.10) driver
  43         programming API and kernel hacking in general.  Available under the
  44         Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 license.
  45
  46     * Title: **The Linux Kernel**
  47
  48       :Author: David A. Rusling.
  49       :URL: http://www.tldp.org/LDP/tlk/tlk.html
  50       :Keywords: everything!, book.
  51       :Description: On line, 200 pages book describing most aspects of
  52         the Linux Kernel. Probably, the first reference for beginners.
  53         Lots of illustrations explaining data structures use and
  54         relationships in the purest Richard W. Stevens' style. Contents:
  55         "1.-Hardware Basics, 2.-Software Basics, 3.-Memory Management,
  56         4.-Processes, 5.-Interprocess Communication Mechanisms, 6.-PCI,
  57         7.-Interrupts and Interrupt Handling, 8.-Device Drivers, 9.-The
  58         File system, 10.-Networks, 11.-Kernel Mechanisms, 12.-Modules,
  59         13.-The Linux Kernel Sources, A.-Linux Data Structures, B.-The
  60         Alpha AXP Processor, C.-Useful Web and FTP Sites, D.-The GNU
  61         General Public License, Glossary". In short: a must have.
  62
  63     * Title: **Linux Device Drivers, 2nd Edition**
  64
  65       :Author: Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet.
  66       :URL: http://www.xml.com/ldd/chapter/book/index.html
  67       :Keywords: device drivers, modules, debugging, memory, hardware,
  68         interrupt handling, char drivers, block drivers, kmod, mmap, DMA,
  69         buses.
  70       :Description: O'Reilly's popular book, now also on-line under the
  71         GNU Free Documentation License.
  72       :Notes: You can also buy it in paper-form from O'Reilly. See below
  73         under BOOKS (Not on-line).
  74
  75     * Title: **Conceptual Architecture of the Linux Kernel**
  76
  77       :Author: Ivan T. Bowman.
  78       :URL: http://plg.uwaterloo.ca/
  79       :Keywords: conceptual software architecture, extracted design,
  80         reverse engineering, system structure.
  81       :Description: Conceptual software architecture of the Linux kernel,
  82         automatically extracted from the source code. Very detailed. Good
  83         figures. Gives good overall kernel understanding.
  84
  85     * Title: **Concrete Architecture of the Linux Kernel**
  86
  87       :Author: Ivan T. Bowman, Saheem Siddiqi, and Meyer C. Tanuan.
  88       :URL: http://plg.uwaterloo.ca/
  89       :Keywords: concrete architecture, extracted design, reverse
  90         engineering, system structure, dependencies.
  91       :Description: Concrete architecture of the Linux kernel,
  92         automatically extracted from the source code. Very detailed. Good
  93         figures. Gives good overall kernel understanding. This papers
  94         focus on lower details than its predecessor (files, variables...).
  95
  96     * Title: **Linux as a Case Study: Its Extracted Software Architecture**
  97
  98       :Author: Ivan T. Bowman, Richard C. Holt and Neil V. Brewster.
  99       :URL: http://plg.uwaterloo.ca/
 100       :Keywords: software architecture, architecture recovery,
 101         redocumentation.
 102       :Description: Paper appeared at ICSE'99, Los Angeles, May 16-22,
 103         1999. A mixture of the previous two documents from the same
 104         author.
 105
 106     * Title: **Overview of the Virtual File System**
 107
 108       :Author: Richard Gooch.
 109       :URL: http://www.mjmwired.net/kernel/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
 110       :Keywords: VFS, File System, mounting filesystems, opening files,
 111         dentries, dcache.
 112       :Description: Brief introduction to the Linux Virtual File System.
 113         What is it, how it works, operations taken when opening a file or
 114         mounting a file system and description of important data
 115         structures explaining the purpose of each of their entries.
 116
 117     * Title: **The Linux RAID-1, 4, 5 Code**
 118
 119       :Author: Ingo Molnar, Gadi Oxman and Miguel de Icaza.
 120       :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=2391
 121       :Keywords: RAID, MD driver.
 122       :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
 123       :Abstract: *A description of the implementation of the RAID-1,
 124         RAID-4 and RAID-5 personalities of the MD device driver in the
 125         Linux kernel, providing users with high performance and reliable,
 126         secondary-storage capability using software*.
 127
 128     * Title: **Dynamic Kernels: Modularized Device Drivers**
 129
 130       :Author: Alessandro Rubini.
 131       :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1219
 132       :Keywords: device driver, module, loading/unloading modules,
 133         allocating resources.
 134       :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
 135       :Abstract: *This is the first of a series of four articles
 136         co-authored by Alessandro Rubini and Georg Zezchwitz which present
 137         a practical approach to writing Linux device drivers as kernel
 138         loadable modules. This installment presents an introduction to the
 139         topic, preparing the reader to understand next month's
 140         installment*.
 141
 142     * Title: **Dynamic Kernels: Discovery**
 143
 144       :Author: Alessandro Rubini.
 145       :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1220
 146       :Keywords: character driver, init_module, clean_up module,
 147         autodetection, mayor number, minor number, file operations,
 148         open(), close().
 149       :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
 150       :Abstract: *This article, the second of four, introduces part of
 151         the actual code to create custom module implementing a character
 152         device driver. It describes the code for module initialization and
 153         cleanup, as well as the open() and close() system calls*.
 154
 155     * Title: **On submitting kernel Patches**
 156
 157       :Author: Andi Kleen
 158       :URL: http://halobates.de/on-submitting-kernel-patches.pdf
 159       :Keywords: patches, review process, types of submissions, basic rules, case studies
 160       :Description: This paper gives several experience values on what types of patches
 161         there are and how likley they get merged.
 162       :Abstract:
 163         [...]. This paper examines some common problems for
 164          submitting larger changes and some strategies to avoid problems.
 165
 166     * Title: **Tracing the Way of Data in a TCP Connection through the Linux Kernel**
 167       :Author: Richard Sailer
 168       :URL: https://archive.org/details/linux_kernel_data_flow_short_paper
 169       :Keywords: Linux Kernel Networking, TCP, tracing, ftrace
 170       :Description: A seminar paper explaining ftrace and how to use it for
 171         understanding linux kernel internals,
 172         illustrated at tracing the way of a TCP packet through the kernel.
 173       :Abstract: *This short paper outlines the usage of ftrace a tracing framework
 174         as a tool to understand a running Linux system.
 175         Having obtained a trace-log a kernel hacker can read and understand
 176         source code more determined and with context.
 177         In a detailed example this approach is demonstrated in tracing
 178         and the way of data in a TCP Connection through the kernel.
 179         Finally this trace-log is used as base for more a exact conceptual
 180         exploration and description of the Linux TCP/IP implementation.*
 181
 182     * Title: **The Devil's in the Details**
 183
 184       :Author: Georg v. Zezschwitz and Alessandro Rubini.
 185       :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1221
 186       :Keywords: read(), write(), select(), ioctl(), blocking/non
 187         blocking mode, interrupt handler.
 188       :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
 189       :Abstract: *This article, the third of four on writing character
 190         device drivers, introduces concepts of reading, writing, and using
 191         ioctl-calls*.
 192
 193     * Title: **Dissecting Interrupts and Browsing DMA**
 194
 195       :Author: Alessandro Rubini and Georg v. Zezschwitz.
 196       :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1222
 197       :Keywords: interrupts, irqs, DMA, bottom halves, task queues.
 198       :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner article. Here is its
 199       :Abstract: *This is the fourth in a series of articles about
 200         writing character device drivers as loadable kernel modules. This
 201         month, we further investigate the field of interrupt handling.
 202         Though it is conceptually simple, practical limitations and
 203         constraints make this an ''interesting'' part of device driver
 204         writing, and several different facilities have been provided for
 205         different situations. We also investigate the complex topic of
 206         DMA*.
 207
 208     * Title: **Device Drivers Concluded**
 209
 210       :Author: Georg v. Zezschwitz.
 211       :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1287
 212       :Keywords: address spaces, pages, pagination, page management,
 213         demand loading, swapping, memory protection, memory mapping, mmap,
 214         virtual memory areas (VMAs), vremap, PCI.
 215       :Description: Finally, the above turned out into a five articles
 216         series. This latest one's introduction reads: "This is the last of
 217         five articles about character device drivers. In this final
 218         section, Georg deals with memory mapping devices, beginning with
 219         an overall description of the Linux memory management concepts".
 220
 221     * Title: **Network Buffers And Memory Management**
 222
 223       :Author: Alan Cox.
 224       :URL: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=1312
 225       :Keywords: sk_buffs, network devices, protocol/link layer
 226         variables, network devices flags, transmit, receive,
 227         configuration, multicast.
 228       :Description: Linux Journal Kernel Korner.
 229       :Abstract: *Writing a network device driver for Linux is fundamentally
 230         simple---most of the complexity (other than talking to the
 231         hardware) involves managing network packets in memory*.
 232
 233     * Title: **Linux Kernel Hackers' Guide**
 234
 235       :Author: Michael K. Johnson.
 236       :URL: http://www.tldp.org/LDP/khg/HyperNews/get/khg.html
 237       :Keywords: device drivers, files, VFS, kernel interface, character vs
 238         block devices, hardware interrupts, scsi, DMA, access to user memory,
 239         memory allocation, timers.
 240       :Description: A guide designed to help you get up to speed on the
 241         concepts that are not intuitevly obvious, and to document the internal
 242         structures of Linux.
 243
 244     * Title: **The Venus kernel interface**
 245
 246       :Author: Peter J. Braam.
 247       :URL: http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu/doc/html/kernel-venus-protocol.html
 248       :Keywords: coda, filesystem, venus, cache manager.
 249       :Description: "This document describes the communication between
 250         Venus and kernel level file system code needed for the operation
 251         of the Coda filesystem. This version document is meant to describe
 252         the current interface (version 1.0) as well as improvements we
 253         envisage".
 254
 255     * Title: **Design and Implementation of the Second Extended Filesystem**
 256
 257       :Author: Rémy Card, Theodore Ts'o, Stephen Tweedie.
 258       :URL: http://web.mit.edu/tytso/www/linux/ext2intro.html
 259       :Keywords: ext2, linux fs history, inode, directory, link, devices,
 260         VFS, physical structure, performance, benchmarks, ext2fs library,
 261         ext2fs tools, e2fsck.
 262       :Description: Paper written by three of the top ext2 hackers.
 263         Covers Linux filesystems history, ext2 motivation, ext2 features,
 264         design, physical structure on disk, performance, benchmarks,
 265         e2fsck's passes description... A must read!
 266       :Notes: This paper was first published in the Proceedings of the
 267         First Dutch International Symposium on Linux, ISBN 90-367-0385-9.
 268
 269     * Title: **Analysis of the Ext2fs structure**
 270
 271       :Author: Louis-Dominique Dubeau.
 272       :URL: http://teaching.csse.uwa.edu.au/units/CITS2002/fs-ext2/
 273       :Keywords: ext2, filesystem, ext2fs.
 274       :Description: Description of ext2's blocks, directories, inodes,
 275         bitmaps, invariants...
 276
 277     * Title: **Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide**
 278
 279       :Author: Ori Pomerantz.
 280       :URL: http://tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.6/html/index.html
 281       :Keywords: modules, GPL book, /proc, ioctls, system calls,
 282         interrupt handlers .
 283       :Description: Very nice 92 pages GPL book on the topic of modules
 284         programming. Lots of examples.
 285
 286     * Title: **I/O Event Handling Under Linux**
 287
 288       :Author: Richard Gooch.
 289       :Keywords: IO, I/O, select(2), poll(2), FDs, aio_read(2), readiness
 290         event queues.
 291       :Description: From the Introduction: "I/O Event handling is about
 292         how your Operating System allows you to manage a large number of
 293         open files (file descriptors in UNIX/POSIX, or FDs) in your
 294         application. You want the OS to notify you when FDs become active
 295         (have data ready to be read or are ready for writing). Ideally you
 296         want a mechanism that is scalable. This means a large number of
 297         inactive FDs cost very little in memory and CPU time to manage".
 298
 299     * Title: **The Kernel Hacking HOWTO**
 300
 301       :Author: Various Talented People, and Rusty.
 302       :Location: in kernel tree, Documentation/DocBook/kernel-hacking.tmpl
 303         (must be built as "make {htmldocs | psdocs | pdfdocs})
 304       :Keywords: HOWTO, kernel contexts, deadlock, locking, modules,
 305         symbols, return conventions.
 306       :Description: From the Introduction: "Please understand that I
 307         never wanted to write this document, being grossly underqualified,
 308         but I always wanted to read it, and this was the only way. I
 309         simply explain some best practices, and give reading entry-points
 310         into the kernel sources. I avoid implementation details: that's
 311         what the code is for, and I ignore whole tracts of useful
 312         routines. This document assumes familiarity with C, and an
 313         understanding of what the kernel is, and how it is used. It was
 314         originally written for the 2.3 kernels, but nearly all of it
 315         applies to 2.2 too; 2.0 is slightly different".
 316
 317     * Title: **Writing an ALSA Driver**
 318
 319       :Author: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
 320       :URL: http://www.alsa-project.org/~iwai/writing-an-alsa-driver/index.html
 321       :Keywords: ALSA, sound, soundcard, driver, lowlevel, hardware.
 322       :Description: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture for developers,
 323         both at kernel and user-level sides. ALSA is the Linux kernel
 324         sound architecture in the 2.6 kernel version.
 325
 326     * Title: **Linux Kernel Mailing List Glossary**
 327
 328       :Author: various
 329       :URL: http://kernelnewbies.org/glossary/
 330       :Keywords: glossary, terms, linux-kernel.
 331       :Description: From the introduction: "This glossary is intended as
 332         a brief description of some of the acronyms and terms you may hear
 333         during discussion of the Linux kernel".
 334
 335     * Title: **Linux Kernel Locking HOWTO**
 336
 337       :Author: Various Talented People, and Rusty.
 338       :Location: in kernel tree, Documentation/DocBook/kernel-locking.tmpl
 339         (must be built as "make {htmldocs | psdocs | pdfdocs})
 340       :Keywords: locks, locking, spinlock, semaphore, atomic, race
 341         condition, bottom halves, tasklets, softirqs.
 342       :Description: The title says it all: document describing the
 343         locking system in the Linux Kernel either in uniprocessor or SMP
 344         systems.
 345       :Notes: "It was originally written for the later (>2.3.47) 2.3
 346         kernels, but most of it applies to 2.2 too; 2.0 is slightly
 347         different". Freely redistributable under the conditions of the GNU
 348         General Public License.
 349
 350     * Title: **Global spinlock list and usage**
 351
 352       :Author: Rick Lindsley.
 353       :URL: http://lse.sourceforge.net/lockhier/global-spin-lock
 354       :Keywords: spinlock.
 355       :Description: This is an attempt to document both the existence and
 356         usage of the spinlocks in the Linux 2.4.5 kernel. Comprehensive
 357         list of spinlocks showing when they are used, which functions
 358         access them, how each lock is acquired, under what conditions it
 359         is held, whether interrupts can occur or not while it is held...
 360
 361     * Title: **How To Make Sure Your Driver Will Work On The Power Macintosh**
 362
 363       :Author: Paul Mackerras.
 364       :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/261
 365       :Keywords: Mac, Power Macintosh, porting, drivers, compatibility.
 366       :Description: The title says it all.
 367
 368     * Title: **An Introduction to SCSI Drivers**
 369
 370       :Author: Alan Cox.
 371       :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/284
 372       :Keywords: SCSI, device, driver.
 373       :Description: The title says it all.
 374
 375     * Title: **Advanced SCSI Drivers And Other Tales**
 376
 377       :Author: Alan Cox.
 378       :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/307
 379       :Keywords: SCSI, device, driver, advanced.
 380       :Description: The title says it all.
 381
 382     * Title: **Writing Linux Mouse Drivers**
 383
 384       :Author: Alan Cox.
 385       :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/330
 386       :Keywords: mouse, driver, gpm.
 387       :Description: The title says it all.
 388
 389     * Title: **More on Mouse Drivers**
 390
 391       :Author: Alan Cox.
 392       :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/356
 393       :Keywords: mouse, driver, gpm, races, asynchronous I/O.
 394       :Description: The title still says it all.
 395
 396     * Title: **Writing Video4linux Radio Driver**
 397
 398       :Author: Alan Cox.
 399       :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/381
 400       :Keywords: video4linux, driver, radio, radio devices.
 401       :Description: The title says it all.
 402
 403     * Title: **Video4linux Drivers, Part 1: Video-Capture Device**
 404
 405       :Author: Alan Cox.
 406       :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/406
 407       :Keywords: video4linux, driver, video capture, capture devices,
 408         camera driver.
 409       :Description: The title says it all.
 410
 411     * Title: **Video4linux Drivers, Part 2: Video-capture Devices**
 412
 413       :Author: Alan Cox.
 414       :URL: http://www.linux-mag.com/id/429
 415       :Keywords: video4linux, driver, video capture, capture devices,
 416         camera driver, control, query capabilities, capability, facility.
 417       :Description: The title says it all.
 418
 419     * Title: **Linux IP Networking. A Guide to the Implementation and Modification of the Linux Protocol Stack.**
 420
 421       :Author: Glenn Herrin.
 422       :URL: http://www.cs.unh.edu/cnrg/gherrin
 423       :Keywords: network, networking, protocol, IP, UDP, TCP, connection,
 424         socket, receiving, transmitting, forwarding, routing, packets,
 425         modules, /proc, sk_buff, FIB, tags.
 426       :Description: Excellent paper devoted to the Linux IP Networking,
 427         explaining anything from the kernel's to the user space
 428         configuration tools' code. Very good to get a general overview of
 429         the kernel networking implementation and understand all steps
 430         packets follow from the time they are received at the network
 431         device till they are delivered to applications. The studied kernel
 432         code is from 2.2.14 version. Provides code for a working packet
 433         dropper example.
 434
 435     * Title: **Linux PCMCIA Programmer's Guide**
 436
 437       :Author: David Hinds.
 438       :URL: http://pcmcia-cs.sourceforge.net/ftp/doc/PCMCIA-PROG.html
 439       :Keywords: PCMCIA.
 440       :Description: "This document describes how to write kernel device
 441         drivers for the Linux PCMCIA Card Services interface. It also
 442         describes how to write user-mode utilities for communicating with
 443         Card Services.
 444
 445     * Title: **A Linux vm README**
 446
 447       :Author: Kanoj Sarcar.
 448       :URL: http://kos.enix.org/pub/linux-vmm.html
 449       :Keywords: virtual memory, mm, pgd, vma, page, page flags, page
 450         cache, swap cache, kswapd.
 451       :Description: Telegraphic, short descriptions and definitions
 452         relating the Linux virtual memory implementation.
 453
 454     * Title: **(nearly) Complete Linux Loadable Kernel Modules. The definitive guide for hackers, virus coders and system administrators.**
 455
 456       :Author: pragmatic/THC.
 457       :URL: http://packetstormsecurity.org/docs/hack/LKM_HACKING.html
 458       :Keywords: syscalls, intercept, hide, abuse, symbol table.
 459       :Description: Interesting paper on how to abuse the Linux kernel in
 460         order to intercept and modify syscalls, make
 461         files/directories/processes invisible, become root, hijack ttys,
 462         write kernel modules based virus... and solutions for admins to
 463         avoid all those abuses.
 464       :Notes: For 2.0.x kernels. Gives guidances to port it to 2.2.x
 465         kernels.
 466
 467 Published books
 468 ---------------
 469
 470     * Title: **Linux Device Drivers**
 471
 472       :Author: Alessandro Rubini
 473       :Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates
 474       :Date: 1998
 475       :Pages: 439
 476       :ISBN: 1-56592-292-1
 477
 478     * Title: **Linux Device Drivers, 2nd Edition**
 479
 480       :Author: Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet
 481       :Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates
 482       :Date: 2001
 483       :Pages: 586
 484       :ISBN: 0-59600-008-1
 485       :Notes: Further information in
 486         http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/linuxdrive2/
 487
 488     * Title: **Linux Device Drivers, 3rd Edition**
 489
 490       :Authors: Jonathan Corbet, Alessandro Rubini, and Greg Kroah-Hartman
 491       :Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates
 492       :Date: 2005
 493       :Pages: 636
 494       :ISBN: 0-596-00590-3
 495       :Notes: Further information in
 496         http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/linuxdrive3/
 497         PDF format, URL: http://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/
 498
 499     * Title: **Linux Kernel Internals**
 500
 501       :Author: Michael Beck
 502       :Publisher: Addison-Wesley
 503       :Date: 1997
 504       :ISBN: 0-201-33143-8 (second edition)
 505
 506     * Title: **The Design of the UNIX Operating System**
 507
 508       :Author: Maurice J. Bach
 509       :Publisher: Prentice Hall
 510       :Date: 1986
 511       :Pages: 471
 512       :ISBN: 0-13-201757-1
 513
 514     * Title: **The Design and Implementation of the 4.3 BSD UNIX Operating System**
 515
 516       :Author: Samuel J. Leffler, Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J
 517         Karels, John S. Quarterman
 518       :Publisher: Addison-Wesley
 519       :Date: 1989 (reprinted with corrections on October, 1990)
 520       :ISBN: 0-201-06196-1
 521
 522     * Title: **The Design and Implementation of the 4.4 BSD UNIX Operating System**
 523
 524       :Author: Marshall Kirk McKusick, Keith Bostic, Michael J. Karels,
 525         John S. Quarterman
 526       :Publisher: Addison-Wesley
 527       :Date: 1996
 528       :ISBN: 0-201-54979-4
 529
 530     * Title: **Programmation Linux 2.0 API systeme et fonctionnement du noyau**
 531
 532       :Author: Remy Card, Eric Dumas, Franck Mevel
 533       :Publisher: Eyrolles
 534       :Date: 1997
 535       :Pages: 520
 536       :ISBN: 2-212-08932-5
 537       :Notes: French
 538
 539     * Title: **Unix internals -- the new frontiers**
 540
 541       :Author: Uresh Vahalia
 542       :Publisher: Prentice Hall
 543       :Date: 1996
 544       :Pages: 600
 545       :ISBN: 0-13-101908-2
 546
 547     * Title: **Programming for the real world - POSIX.4**
 548
 549       :Author: Bill O. Gallmeister
 550       :Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates, Inc
 551       :Date: 1995
 552       :Pages: ???
 553       :ISBN: I-56592-074-0
 554       :Notes: Though not being directly about Linux, Linux aims to be
 555         POSIX. Good reference.
 556
 557     * Title:  **UNIX  Systems  for  Modern Architectures: Symmetric Multiprocessing and Caching for Kernel Programmers**
 558
 559       :Author: Curt Schimmel
 560       :Publisher: Addison Wesley
 561       :Date: June, 1994
 562       :Pages: 432
 563       :ISBN: 0-201-63338-8
 564
 565     * Title: **Linux Kernel Development, 3rd Edition**
 566
 567       :Author: Robert Love
 568       :Publisher: Addison-Wesley
 569       :Date: July, 2010
 570       :Pages: 440
 571       :ISBN: 978-0672329463
 572
 573     * Title: **Linux Kernel Networking: Implementation and Theory**
 574
 575       :Author: Rami Rosen
 576       :Publisher: Apress
 577       :Date: December 22, 2013
 578       :Pages: 648
 579       :ISBN: 978-1430261964
 580
 581     * Title: **Linux Treiber entwickeln**
 582
 583       :Author: Jürgen Quade, Eva-Katharina Kunst
 584       :Publisher: dpunkt.verlag
 585       :Date: Oct 2015 (4th edition)
 586       :Pages: 688
 587       :ISBN: 978-3-86490-288-8
 588       :Note: German. The third edition from 2011 is
 589          much cheaper and still quite up-to-date.
 590
 591 Miscellaneous
 592 -------------
 593
 594     * Name: **linux/Documentation**
 595
 596       :Author: Many.
 597       :URL: Just look inside your kernel sources.
 598       :Keywords: anything, DocBook.
 599       :Description: Documentation that comes with the kernel sources,
 600         inside the Documentation directory. Some pages from this document
 601         (including this document itself) have been moved there, and might
 602         be more up to date than the web version.
 603
 604     * Name: **Linux Kernel Source Reference**
 605
 606       :Author: Thomas Graichen.
 607       :URL: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=96446640102205&w=4
 608       :Keywords: CVS, web, cvsweb, browsing source code.
 609       :Description: Web interface to a CVS server with the kernel
 610         sources. "Here you can have a look at any file of the Linux kernel
 611         sources of any version starting from 1.0 up to the (daily updated)
 612         current version available. Also you can check the differences
 613         between two versions of a file".
 614
 615     * Name: **Cross-Referencing Linux**
 616
 617       :URL: http://lxr.free-electrons.com/
 618       :Keywords: Browsing source code.
 619       :Description: Another web-based Linux kernel source code browser.
 620         Lots of cross references to variables and functions. You can see
 621         where they are defined and where they are used.
 622
 623     * Name: **Linux Weekly News**
 624
 625       :URL: http://lwn.net
 626       :Keywords: latest kernel news.
 627       :Description: The title says it all. There's a fixed kernel section
 628         summarizing developers' work, bug fixes, new features and versions
 629         produced during the week. Published every Thursday.
 630
 631     * Name: **Linux Virtual File System**
 632
 633       :Author: Peter J. Braam.
 634       :URL: http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu/doc/talks/linuxvfs/
 635       :Keywords: slides, VFS, inode, superblock, dentry, dcache.
 636       :Description: Set of slides, presumably from a presentation on the
 637         Linux VFS layer. Covers version 2.1.x, with dentries and the
 638         dcache.
 639
 640     * Name: **The home page of Linux-MM**
 641
 642       :Author: The Linux-MM team.
 643       :URL: http://linux-mm.org/
 644       :Keywords: memory management, Linux-MM, mm patches, TODO, docs,
 645         mailing list.
 646       :Description: Site devoted to Linux Memory Management development.
 647         Memory related patches, HOWTOs, links, mm developers... Don't miss
 648         it if you are interested in memory management development!
 649
 650     * Name: **Kernel Newbies IRC Channel and Website**
 651
 652       :URL: http://www.kernelnewbies.org
 653       :Keywords: IRC, newbies, channel, asking doubts.
 654       :Description: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net.
 655         #kernelnewbies is an IRC network dedicated to the 'newbie'
 656         kernel hacker. The audience mostly consists of people who are
 657         learning about the kernel, working on kernel projects or
 658         professional kernel hackers that want to help less seasoned kernel
 659         people.
 660         #kernelnewbies is on the OFTC IRC Network.
 661         Try irc.oftc.net as your server and then /join #kernelnewbies.
 662         The kernelnewbies website also hosts articles, documents, FAQs...
 663
 664     * Name: **linux-kernel mailing list archives and search engines**
 665
 666       :URL: http://vger.kernel.org/vger-lists.html
 667       :URL: http://www.uwsg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/index.html
 668       :URL: http://groups.google.com/group/mlist.linux.kernel
 669       :Keywords: linux-kernel, archives, search.
 670       :Description: Some of the linux-kernel mailing list archivers. If
 671         you have a better/another one, please let me know.
 672
 673 -------
 674
 675 Document last updated on Mon 2016-Sep-19
 676
 677 This document is based on:
 678  http://www.dit.upm.es/~jmseyas/linux/kernel/hackers-docs.html