NEWS

   1 New in 2.02:
   2
   3 * New/improved filesystem and disk support:
   4   * Big-endian UFS1.
   5   * Experimental 64-bit ext2 support.
   6   * Various fixes for non-512-byte sector devices.
   7   * New `proc' filesystem framework, used by LUKS disks.
   8   * Fix DM-RAID partition handling.
   9   * New `nativedisk' command to switch from firmware to native disk drivers.
  10   * Compressed HFS+.
  11   * DragonFly BSD labels.
  12   * CBFS (coreboot).
  13   * Handle partitioned LVM properly.
  14   * Use LVM UUIDs whenever possible.
  15   * GPT PReP.
  16   * New `progress' module that shows progress information while reading
  17     files.
  18   * ZFS features support.
  19   * ZFS LZ4 support.
  20   * XFS V5 format support.
  21
  22 * New/improved terminal and video support:
  23   * Monochrome text (matching `hercules' in GRUB Legacy).
  24   * Morse code output using system speaker.
  25   * `spkmodem' output (simple data protocol using system speaker).
  26   * Handle Japanese special keys.
  27   * coreboot framebuffer.
  28   * Serial on ARC.
  29   * Native vt100 handling for grub-emu, replacing the use of the curses
  30     library.
  31   * New gfxmenu options for terminal window positioning, theme background
  32     image handling, and scrollbar padding, plus `item_pixmap_style' and
  33     `highlight_overlay'.
  34   * Support several more image types (paletted and greyscale).
  35
  36 * Boot protocol improvements:
  37   * Support Apple FAT binaries on non-Apple platforms.
  38   * Improve FreeDOS direct loading support compatibility.
  39   * Enable `linux16' on all x86 platforms, not just BIOS.
  40   * New TrueCrypt ISO loader.
  41   * multiboot2 boot-services EFI specification.
  42   * multiboot2 EFI memory map specification.
  43   * multiboot2 full-file specfication.
  44
  45 * New/improved network support:
  46   * New variables `net_default_*' containing properties of the default
  47     interface.
  48   * Autoload `http' and `tftp' modules if necessary.
  49   * Improve TFTP robustness.
  50   * Parse `nd' disk names in GRUB Legacy configuration files.
  51   * Issue separate DNS queries for IPv4 and IPv6.
  52
  53 * Coreboot improvements:
  54   * CBFS support both in on-disk images (loopback) and flash.
  55   * Ability to launch another payload from flash or disk
  56   * Coreboot framebuffer
  57   * CBMEMC support (both logging and inspecting logs)
  58   * Command for inspecting coreboot timestamps (`coreboot_boottime').
  59   * Command for inspecting coreboot tables (`lscoreboot').
  60   * New target default_payload.elf.
  61   * Increased maximal core size.
  62
  63 * New/improved platform support:
  64   * New `efifwsetup' and `lsefi' commands on EFI platforms.
  65   * New `cmosdump' and `cmosset' commands on platforms with CMOS support.
  66   * New command `pcidump' for PCI platforms.
  67   * Improve opcode parsing in ACPI halt implementation.
  68   * Use the TSC as a possible time source on i386-ieee1275.
  69   * Merge PowerPC grub-mkrescue implementation with the common one.
  70   * Support grub-mkrescue on i386-ieee1275, sparc64, bootinfo machines such
  71     as pSeries, and mips-arc.
  72   * Make grub-mkrescue better support Apple Intel Macs on CD.
  73   * Enable GRUB Legacy configuration file parsing on EFI.
  74   * Support halt for Loongson 2E.
  75   * ARM U-Boot and EFI ports.
  76   * Reorganise platform-dependent code in utilities to avoid #ifdef mess.
  77   * AROS and Haiku support for userspace utilities.
  78   * Xen PV port.
  79   * Fix EFI stack alignment.
  80   * ARM64 EFI port.
  81   * On Linux, read partition start offsets from sysfs if possible.
  82   * New grub-macbless utility, and better integration with Mac firmware in
  83     grub-install.
  84   * Support Yeeloong 3A.
  85   * Add `cpuid --pae' option to detect Physical Address Extension on x86.
  86   * Support for USB debug dongles.
  87   * Support for *-emu on all platforms (previously only i386/x86_64 worked).
  88   * Support *-emu on Windows.
  89   * New platform `none' which builds only user level utilities. This is now
  90     default if target CPU is not supported.
  91   * Support for booting little-endian Linux kernel on powerpc.
  92
  93 * Security:
  94   * Add optional facility to enforce that all files read by the core image
  95     from disk have a valid detached digital signature.
  96
  97 * Performance:
  98   * Avoid costly division operations in many places.
  99   * New boot time analysis framework (`./configure --enable-boot-time').
 100   * Initialise USB ports in parallel.
 101   * New `testspeed' command to test file read speed.
 102   * Speed-up gfxterm by storing intermediate results in more compact format.
 103   * Lazy LVM/mdraid scan.
 104   * Disk hints.
 105
 106 * Scripting:
 107   * New `eval' and `tr' commands.
 108   * grub-script-check fails on scripts containing no commands.
 109
 110 * Installation and other utility improvements:
 111   * Add option to compress files on installation or image creation.
 112   * Using grub-reboot no longer requires setting `GRUB_DEFAULT=saved'.
 113   * Support probing EFI System Partition (requires os-prober >= 1.58).
 114   * Fix inconsistent use of `GRUB_CRYPTODISK_ENABLE' and
 115     `GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK'; the latter is now used consistently.
 116   * grub-mount handles symbolic links to directories.
 117   * Support disabling submenus with `GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU' configuration key
 118     for grub-mkconfig.
 119   * grub-install, grub-mknetdir, grub-mkrescue, and grub-mkstandalone
 120     rewritten in C.  They should now work in supported non-Unix-like
 121     environments.
 122   * Native mingw support.
 123   * Ability to install on EFI under windows.
 124   * Reorganise timeout handling using new `timeout_style' environment
 125     variable and `GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE' configuration key for grub-mkconfig.
 126     Menu hotkeys pressed during a hidden timeout now boot the corresponding
 127     menu entry immediately.
 128   * New `file' command and grub-file utility to check file types.
 129   * New syslinux configuration file parser.
 130
 131 * Build system:
 132   * Remove all uses of nested functions; GRUB no longer requires an
 133     executable stack.
 134   * Fix documentation build with Texinfo >= 5.1.
 135   * More robust and documented cross-compiling support.
 136   * Partial clang support for some platforms (experimental).
 137   * Partial mingw64 x86_64-efi compile support (highly experimental).
 138   * Partial mingw32 i386-* (other than already present i386-pc)
 139     compile support (highly experimental).
 140   * Support for grub-mkpasswd on Windows.
 141   * Eliminate the use of AutoGen.  This allowed some performance
 142     improvements to the build system.
 143   * Remove variable length arrays.
 144   * OpenBSD compile and tools support (NetBSD and FreeBSD were already supported).
 145   * Fix build with FreeType >= 2.5.1.
 146   * Make gentpl.py compatible with Python 3.  It now requires at least
 147     Python 2.6.
 148   * modinfo.sh contains build information now.
 149   * Added many new tests to improve robustness.
 150   * Target is built without libgcc now. Necessary builtins are reimplemented
 151     directly. This removes requirement for target-specific runtime on build
 152     system.
 153   * emu libusb support removed (was broken and unmaintained).
 154   * powerpc64le compile support.
 155
 156 * Revision control moved to git.
 157
 158 New in 2.00:
 159
 160 * Appearance:
 161   * Official theme for gfxmenu (starfield)
 162   * Menu is organised with submenus.
 163   * Better default video mode selection using EDID.
 164
 165 * New platforms:
 166   * Itanium port.
 167   * Fuloong2F support (including GRUB as firmware)
 168   * Fuloong2E support (except GRUB as firmware)
 169   * ARCS (SGI machines) port.
 170   * qemu -M mips port.
 171
 172 * grub-mount to mount filesystems using GRUB FS drivers and FUSE.
 173
 174 * Changed security default so entries are locked by default if any superuser is
 175   defined.
 176
 177 * New drivers:
 178   * EHCI.
 179   * AHCI.
 180   * ESCC serial.
 181   * IEEE1275 serial.
 182   * EFI serial.
 183   * Network stack for BIOS, IEEE1275, EMU and EFI, including TFTP, HTTP and DNS.
 184
 185 * New filesystem, filters and disks formats:
 186   * DVH partition map.
 187   * Plan9 partition map.
 188   * Big-endian mdraid.
 189   * Big-endian cpio.
 190   * ODC and NEWC cpio.
 191   * ExFAT.
 192   * Minix3fs.
 193   * Big-endian minixfs.
 194   * RomFS.
 195   * Squash4.
 196   * Support non-512B disk blocks.
 197   * LUKS and GELI support.
 198   * LDM read support (no install yet).
 199   * LZOP.
 200
 201 * Improved filesystem and disks formats support:
 202   * HFS+ label support.
 203   * Improved reiserfs support.
 204   * multidevice, mirrored and raidz(2,3) ZFS support.
 205   * RAID LVM (internal RAIDing) support.
 206   * ZFS crypto support.
 207   * ZLE, LZ4 and GZIP on ZFS support.
 208   * Support ZFS up to 33.
 209   * HFS string is now treated like mac-roman and not UTF-8
 210   * HFS mtime support.
 211   * Improved AFFS and SFS support.
 212   * LZO-compressed btrfs support.
 213   * cpio and tar symlinks support.
 214   * Better FS detection to reduce false positives.
 215
 216 * New boot protocols:
 217   * Ability to load another coreboot payload when on coreboot.
 218   * Plan9.
 219   * Freedos.
 220   * Ntldr/bootmgr (to load Windows bootloader).
 221   * chainloader --bpb support to patch FAT or NTFS BPB in memory to correct
 222     wrong partition offset.
 223   * PXE chainloading support.
 224   * Darwin 11 (Mac OS X Lion) protocol support.
 225
 226 * Boot protocol improvements:
 227   * Multiple initrd support.
 228   * Basic illumos and xnu autoconfig.
 229
 230 * Testing and debugging:
 231   * New grub-fstest commands: cat, zfsinfo, testload xnu_uuid
 232   * grub-fstest recursive directory compare for quickly checking that
 233     a directory is read correctly.
 234   * Backtace on crash (if gdb module is loaded, x86 only)
 235   * Disk cache statistics gathering.
 236   * GDB stub and GDB support script.
 237   * "make check" and "make bootcheck" expanded to almost all platforms
 238     (except i386-ieee1275, mips-arc, sparc64-ieee1275, ia64-efi and emu)
 239   * New `time' command.
 240
 241 * Performance:
 242   * Lazy scanning to avoid accessing devices which aren't really used.
 243     This avoids boot delay due to slow device scanning.
 244   * Use CPU cache when accessing video memory.
 245   * Search hints to first try the most likely device when searching for a
 246     device with given UUID. This avoids slow scanning in most cases.
 247
 248 * Internationalisation:
 249   * Updated to Unicode 6.0.
 250   * $"..." syntax for translation in grub scripting language. This allows easy
 251     translation of grub.cfg at runtime.
 252   * Translations to many languages included in official distribution.
 253
 254 * Scripting:
 255   * $grub_cpu and $grub_platform variables for conditioning grub.cfg on platform
 256     at runtime.
 257   * $feature_* variables to condition scripts on available features.
 258   * Use of ids to identify menu entries.
 259   * all_video module which is empty but depends on all video modules thus
 260     allowing easy loading of all of them.
 261
 262 * Installation:
 263   * grub-mknetdir script for easy creation of netbootable GRUB directory.
 264   * Itanium and mips support in grub-mkrescue.
 265   * grub-install support for all platforms except emu.
 266   * PreP partition install support.
 267   * No files conflict between flavours (except grub-mkrescue for ppc). This
 268     allows easy install of GRUB for several platforms.
 269   * grub-mkstandalone script for easy creating of image including all modules
 270     for platforms with generous limit on image size.
 271   * program-transform-name now functions according to usual conventions.
 272     Use --grubdir and --bootdir to get old behaviour.
 273
 274 * ADLER32 and CRC64 support (for XZ and hashsum).
 275
 276 * ofconsole renamed to console
 277
 278 * Experimental support for compiling with Apple toolchain.
 279
 280 * grub-mkdevicemap removed. Now all devices are detected on invocation of
 281   any grub utility.
 282
 283 New in 1.99:
 284
 285 * Keyboard layouts support.
 286
 287 * New `lsapm' command (i386-pc only).
 288
 289 * Parser for GRUB Legacy configuration files.
 290
 291 * Support RAID on virtio devices.
 292
 293 * Remove deprecated `root' command.
 294
 295 * New `euro.pf2' font which supports most European languages.
 296
 297 * Avoid opening the same device twice on Open Firmware platforms.
 298
 299 * Extend `vbeinfo' and `vbetest' commands to non-VBE graphics, as
 300   `videoinfo' and `videotest'.
 301
 302 * New `lsefisystab', `lssal', and `lsefimmap' commands on EFI platforms.
 303
 304 * Support explicit user claim that a device is BIOS-visible.  Devices
 305   listed in device.map will be assumed to be readable using only BIOS
 306   facilities, rather than anything more complex such as LVM or RAID.
 307
 308 * New bash-completion script for GRUB utilities.
 309
 310 * Use ACPI to shut down if possible.
 311
 312 * New `lsacpi' command.
 313
 314 * Btrfs support.
 315
 316 * New `--boot-directory' option to `grub-install', `grub-reboot', and
 317   `grub-set-default', with clearer semantics than the previous
 318   `--root-directory' option.
 319
 320 * Rename CD-ROM device to "cd" on BIOS platforms.
 321
 322 * Transparent decompression filters.
 323
 324 * Simpler PXE image generation.  New `grub-mknetdir' utility to generate
 325   netboot directory trees.
 326
 327 * New relocator.  Allows for more kernel support and more
 328   straightforward loader writing.
 329
 330 * Handle USB pendrives exposed as floppies.
 331
 332 * New Automake-based build system.
 333
 334 * Add `sendkey' command (i386-pc only).
 335
 336 * ZFS support.
 337
 338 * Support 1.x versions of mdadm metadata.
 339
 340 * Fix corruption when reading Reiserfs directory entries.
 341
 342 * Bidirectional text and diacritics support.
 343
 344 * Skip LVM snapshots.
 345
 346 * MIPS Yeeloong firmware port.
 347
 348 * Change grub-mkdevicemap to emit /dev/disk/by-id/ names where possible
 349   on GNU/Linux.
 350
 351 * Add `grub-mkconfig' support for Xen with Linux.
 352
 353 * Add `grub-mkconfig' support for initrd images on Fedora 13.
 354
 355 * Support >3GiB and <16MiB RAM in i386-qemu.
 356
 357 * Add support for Cirrus 5446 and Bochs video cards.
 358
 359 * Load more appropriate video drivers automatically in `grub-mkconfig'.
 360
 361 * USB improvements, including hotplugging/hotunplugging, hub support,
 362   and USB serial support.
 363
 364 * AMD Geode CS5536 support.
 365
 366 * Extensive updates to the Texinfo documentation.
 367
 368 * Handle symbolic links under /dev/mapper on GNU/Linux.
 369
 370 * Handle installation across multiple partition table types.
 371
 372 * Add `cmostest' command (i386/x86_64 only).
 373
 374 * Add support for DM-RAID disk devices on GNU/Linux.
 375
 376 * Remove `grub-mkisofs'.  `grub-mkrescue' now uses GNU xorriso to build
 377   CD images.
 378
 379 * `grub-mkrescue' support for EFI, coreboot, and QEMU platforms.
 380
 381 * Unify `grub-mkimage', `grub-setup', and `grub-install' source code
 382   across platforms.
 383
 384 * Fix VGA (as opposed to VBE) video driver, formerly a terminal driver.
 385
 386 * Add menu hotkey support.
 387
 388 * Add support for the nilfs2 filesystem.
 389
 390 * `grub-probe' and `grub-mkconfig' support for NetBSD.
 391
 392 * Support setting a background image in `grub-mkconfig'.
 393
 394 * Support multiple terminals in `grub-mkconfig'.
 395
 396 * Regexp support.
 397
 398 * MIPS multiboot2 support.
 399
 400 * Multiboot2 tag support.
 401
 402 * sunpc partition table support.
 403
 404 * Add a number of new language features to GRUB script: `for', `while',
 405   `until', `elif', function parameters, `break', `continue', `shift',
 406   multi-line quoted strings, positional parameters with `setparams',
 407   `return', filename wildcard expansion, and `!'.
 408
 409 * Support nested partition tables.  GRUB now prefers to name partitions
 410   in the form `(hd0,msdos1,bsd1)' rather than `(hd0,1,a)'.
 411
 412 * Speed up consecutive hostdisk operations on the same device.
 413
 414 * Compile parts of `grub-emu' as modules.
 415
 416 New in 1.98 - 2010-03-06:
 417
 418 * Multiboot on EFI support.
 419
 420 * Graphical menu support.
 421
 422 * MIPS support.
 423
 424 * Saved default menu entry support, with new utilities `grub-reboot' and
 425   `grub-set-default'.
 426
 427 * Unit testing framework.
 428
 429 * Support for multiple terminals.
 430
 431 * Encrypted password support, with a new utility `grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2'.
 432
 433 * `grub-mkfloppy' removed; use `grub-mkrescue' to create floppy images.
 434
 435 * Add grub-probe support for GNU/Hurd.
 436
 437 * Add support for gettext.
 438
 439 New in 1.97:
 440
 441 * Add support for loading XNU (MacOS X kernel).
 442
 443 * ACPI override support.
 444
 445 * Integrated gptsync.
 446
 447 * Password protection support.
 448
 449 * Partition manipulation tool.
 450
 451 * Add `keystatus' command.
 452
 453 * Unicode fonts are now used by default.
 454
 455 * Add `hdparm' command.
 456
 457 * Add support for getting the current date and time from CMOS as variables.
 458
 459 * Add `drivemap' command.
 460
 461 * Add support for RAID levels 4,6 and 10.
 462
 463 * update-grub is replaced by grub-mkconfig.
 464
 465 * When booting from PXE, PXE can be used to load files.
 466
 467 * High resolution timer support.
 468
 469 * Image loaders now support IO buffering.
 470
 471 * Add `crc' command.
 472
 473 * Add Cygwin support.
 474
 475 * Add x86_64 EFI support.
 476
 477 * Use LZMA compression instead of LZO.
 478
 479 * Support for saving the environment from and loading the environment
 480   from a file.
 481
 482 * Allow the UUID to be used as device name.
 483
 484 * The `search' command can use UUIDs now.
 485
 486 * Add support for IEEE 1275 on i386.
 487
 488 * Create partmap.lst and use it to automatically load partition map
 489   modules.
 490
 491 * grub-mkconfig supports os-prober to add operating systems to the
 492   boot menu.
 493
 494 * The ATA driver supports devices bigger than 2 TiB.
 495
 496 * Add support for the UDF, AFS and EXT4 filesystems.
 497
 498 * The ISO9660 filesystem supports the Joliet extension
 499
 500 * Add support for loading kernels of FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD.
 501
 502 * Add new command `sleep'.
 503
 504 * Support for direct access to AT keyboards.
 505
 506 * New utility `grub-fstest'.
 507
 508 New in 1.96 - 2008-02-03:
 509
 510 * The license term is changed to GNU General Public License Version 3.
 511
 512 * grub-emu is made optional.  Now you have to use
 513   `--enable-grub-emu' to enable it.
 514
 515 * Add Multiboot2 support.
 516
 517 * grub-emu can access the host filesystem now.
 518
 519 * Add support for the NTFS, cpio/tar and Reiserfs filesystems.
 520
 521 * Add support for ATA/ATAPI.
 522
 523 * Add update-grub script to generate grub.cfg.
 524
 525 * Add grub-mkrescue script to generate floppy or ElTorito images
 526   (i386-pc only).
 527
 528 * Add support for background images in gfxterm (background_image command).
 529
 530 * Add support for detection of 64-bit support in CPU (cpuid command).
 531
 532 * GPT is now enabled in i386-pc target.
 533
 534 * Add grub-install for EFI.
 535
 536 * Ported to the following new platforms: Efika, coreboot (a.k.a. LinuxBIOS),
 537   OLPC XO.
 538
 539 * Add support for colored menu (menu_color_normal and menu_color_highlight
 540   variables).
 541
 542 * Fix support for loading Linux zImages (such as memtest86).
 543
 544 New in 1.95 - 2006-10-15:
 545
 546 * Number partitions from 1 instead of 0. For instance, the first
 547   partition of "hd0" is now "hd0,1" but not "hd0,0".
 548
 549 * grub-probefs is renamed to grub-probe, and supports printing a
 550   guessed OS device name and a GRUB drive name.
 551
 552 * RAID and LVM support is added.
 553
 554 * New command, echo.
 555
 556 * The disk API is changed to support 64-bit addressing.
 557
 558 * A TGA loader is added for the video API.
 559
 560 New in 1.94 - 2006-06-04:
 561
 562 * Fix several serious bugs in HFS+.
 563
 564 * Add experimental EFI support. Chainloading and Linux loading are
 565   supported at the moment.
 566
 567 * Add a new command "blocklist" to show a block list.
 568
 569 * Use --with-platform to specify a boot environment. For now, efi,
 570   ieee1275 and pc are supported.
 571
 572 * Use the filename "kernel.elf" instead of "grubof" on ieee1275.
 573
 574 * Install GRUB into pkglibdir instead of pkgdatadir.
 575
 576 * Support environmental variables. You can export variables by the
 577   command "export".
 578
 579 * Remove the commands "default" and "timeout". They are now variables.
 580
 581 * Add the commands "source" and "." to include a file.
 582
 583 * Implement experimental Video API and a new terminal "gfxterm" based
 584   on the Video API.
 585
 586
 587 New in 1.93 - 2006-03-10:
 588
 589 * Add support for the HFS+ wrapper.
 590
 591 * Major improvements to scripting support.
 592
 593 * Menu entries are now scriptable.
 594
 595
 596 New in 1.92 - 2005-12-25:
 597
 598 * Add support for GPT partition table format.
 599
 600 * Add a new command "play" to play an audio file on PC.
 601
 602 * Add support for Linux/ADFS partition table format.
 603
 604 * Add support for BASH-like scripting.
 605
 606 * Add support for Apple HFS+ filesystems.
 607
 608
 609 New in 1.91 - 2005-10-15:
 610
 611 * Add support for LZO version 2.
 612
 613 * Support completion in the entry editor.
 614
 615 * Add VBE support.
 616
 617 * New commands, "search", "vbetest" and "vbeinfo".
 618
 619 * The option BOOT_IMAGE is passed to Linux.
 620
 621 * Add support for automatic decompression for gzip.
 622
 623 * Add support for terminfo and serial.
 624
 625 * Add support for x86_64.
 626
 627 * GRUB itself is a Multiboot-compliant kernel.
 628
 629 * Add new filesystems: XFS, SFS, and AFFS.
 630
 631
 632 New in 1.90 - 2005-08-07:
 633
 634 * Rename the project name PUPA to GRUB. Now this version is the
 635   developmental version of GRUB officially.
 636
 637 * The GRUB emulator ``grub-emu'' is added.
 638
 639 * Add support for newworld Mac. This should work with other
 640   PowerPC-based machines as well, if they use IEEE 1275
 641   (Open Firmware).
 642
 643 * Too many changes to describe. Look at ChangeLog for more details.
 644
 645
 646 New in 0.7:
 647
 648 * Problems in cross-compiling PUPA are fixed.
 649
 650 * Use -mrtd and -mregparm=3 to reduce the generated code sizes. This
 651   means that any missing prototypes could be fatal. Also, you must take
 652   care when writing assembly code. See the comments at the beginning of
 653   startup.S, for more details.
 654
 655 * New utility, ``pupa-setup''. This sets up PUPA to make it bootable
 656   from a real disk.
 657
 658 * New commands, "prefix", "insmod", "rmmod" and "lsmod" are added into
 659   the rescue mode to manipulate PUPA modules.
 660
 661 * Linux support is added. Initrd is not support yet.
 662
 663 * Reduce the size of a core image significantly by compressing a large
 664   part of the core image and decompressing itself at boot time. The
 665   currently used algorithm is LZO (more precisely, LZO1X-999). So you
 666   have to install LZO to build PUPA. See
 667   <http://www.oberhumer.com/opensource/lzo/>, for more information.
 668
 669
 670 New in 0.6 - 2002-12-27, Yoshinori K. Okuji:
 671
 672 * The chainloader and the FAT filesystem are modularized.
 673
 674 * The structure of the source tree is a bit changed.
 675
 676 * Support for building loadable modules is added.
 677
 678 * Some generic parts of pupa-mkimage are segregated.
 679
 680 * Some documentation files are added, according to the GNU Coding
 681   Standards.