2 * linux/arch/arm/mm/init.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Russell King
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/errno.h>
12 #include <linux/swap.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
15 #include <linux/mman.h>
16 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
17 #include <linux/initrd.h>
18 #include <linux/sort.h>
19 #include <linux/highmem.h>
20 #include <linux/gfp.h>
22 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
23 #include <asm/sections.h>
24 #include <asm/setup.h>
25 #include <asm/sizes.h>
27 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
29 #include <asm/mach/arch.h>
30 #include <asm/mach/map.h>
34 static unsigned long phys_initrd_start __initdata
= 0;
35 static unsigned long phys_initrd_size __initdata
= 0;
37 static int __init
early_initrd(char *p
)
39 unsigned long start
, size
;
42 start
= memparse(p
, &endp
);
44 size
= memparse(endp
+ 1, NULL
);
46 phys_initrd_start
= start
;
47 phys_initrd_size
= size
;
51 early_param("initrd", early_initrd
);
53 static int __init
parse_tag_initrd(const struct tag
*tag
)
55 printk(KERN_WARNING
"ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; "
56 "please update your bootloader.\n");
57 phys_initrd_start
= __virt_to_phys(tag
->u
.initrd
.start
);
58 phys_initrd_size
= tag
->u
.initrd
.size
;
62 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD
, parse_tag_initrd
);
64 static int __init
parse_tag_initrd2(const struct tag
*tag
)
66 phys_initrd_start
= tag
->u
.initrd
.start
;
67 phys_initrd_size
= tag
->u
.initrd
.size
;
71 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD2
, parse_tag_initrd2
);
74 * This keeps memory configuration data used by a couple memory
75 * initialization functions, as well as show_mem() for the skipping
76 * of holes in the memory map. It is populated by arm_add_memory().
78 struct meminfo meminfo
;
82 int free
= 0, total
= 0, reserved
= 0;
83 int shared
= 0, cached
= 0, slab
= 0, node
, i
;
84 struct meminfo
* mi
= &meminfo
;
86 printk("Mem-info:\n");
88 for_each_online_node(node
) {
89 pg_data_t
*n
= NODE_DATA(node
);
90 struct page
*map
= pgdat_page_nr(n
, 0) - n
->node_start_pfn
;
92 for_each_nodebank (i
,mi
,node
) {
93 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
94 unsigned int pfn1
, pfn2
;
95 struct page
*page
, *end
;
97 pfn1
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
98 pfn2
= bank_pfn_end(bank
);
105 if (PageReserved(page
))
107 else if (PageSwapCache(page
))
109 else if (PageSlab(page
))
111 else if (!page_count(page
))
114 shared
+= page_count(page
) - 1;
116 } while (page
< end
);
120 printk("%d pages of RAM\n", total
);
121 printk("%d free pages\n", free
);
122 printk("%d reserved pages\n", reserved
);
123 printk("%d slab pages\n", slab
);
124 printk("%d pages shared\n", shared
);
125 printk("%d pages swap cached\n", cached
);
128 static void __init
find_node_limits(int node
, struct meminfo
*mi
,
129 unsigned long *min
, unsigned long *max_low
, unsigned long *max_high
)
134 *max_low
= *max_high
= 0;
136 for_each_nodebank(i
, mi
, node
) {
137 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
138 unsigned long start
, end
;
140 start
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
141 end
= bank_pfn_end(bank
);
155 * FIXME: We really want to avoid allocating the bootmap bitmap
156 * over the top of the initrd. Hopefully, this is located towards
157 * the start of a bank, so if we allocate the bootmap bitmap at
158 * the end, we won't clash.
160 static unsigned int __init
161 find_bootmap_pfn(int node
, struct meminfo
*mi
, unsigned int bootmap_pages
)
163 unsigned int start_pfn
, i
, bootmap_pfn
;
165 start_pfn
= PAGE_ALIGN(__pa(_end
)) >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
168 for_each_nodebank(i
, mi
, node
) {
169 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
170 unsigned int start
, end
;
172 start
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
173 end
= bank_pfn_end(bank
);
178 if (start
< start_pfn
)
184 if (end
- start
>= bootmap_pages
) {
190 if (bootmap_pfn
== 0)
196 static int __init
check_initrd(struct meminfo
*mi
)
198 int initrd_node
= -2;
199 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
200 unsigned long end
= phys_initrd_start
+ phys_initrd_size
;
203 * Make sure that the initrd is within a valid area of
206 if (phys_initrd_size
) {
211 for (i
= 0; i
< mi
->nr_banks
; i
++) {
212 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
213 if (bank_phys_start(bank
) <= phys_initrd_start
&&
214 end
<= bank_phys_end(bank
))
215 initrd_node
= bank
->node
;
219 if (initrd_node
== -1) {
220 printk(KERN_ERR
"INITRD: 0x%08lx+0x%08lx extends beyond "
221 "physical memory - disabling initrd\n",
222 phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
);
223 phys_initrd_start
= phys_initrd_size
= 0;
230 static inline void map_memory_bank(struct membank
*bank
)
235 map
.pfn
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
236 map
.virtual = __phys_to_virt(bank_phys_start(bank
));
237 map
.length
= bank_phys_size(bank
);
238 map
.type
= MT_MEMORY
;
240 create_mapping(&map
);
244 static void __init
bootmem_init_node(int node
, struct meminfo
*mi
,
245 unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long end_pfn
)
247 unsigned long boot_pfn
;
248 unsigned int boot_pages
;
253 * Map the memory banks for this node.
255 for_each_nodebank(i
, mi
, node
) {
256 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
259 map_memory_bank(bank
);
263 * Allocate the bootmem bitmap page.
265 boot_pages
= bootmem_bootmap_pages(end_pfn
- start_pfn
);
266 boot_pfn
= find_bootmap_pfn(node
, mi
, boot_pages
);
269 * Initialise the bootmem allocator for this node, handing the
270 * memory banks over to bootmem.
272 node_set_online(node
);
273 pgdat
= NODE_DATA(node
);
274 init_bootmem_node(pgdat
, boot_pfn
, start_pfn
, end_pfn
);
276 for_each_nodebank(i
, mi
, node
) {
277 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
279 free_bootmem_node(pgdat
, bank_phys_start(bank
), bank_phys_size(bank
));
283 * Reserve the bootmem bitmap for this node.
285 reserve_bootmem_node(pgdat
, boot_pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
,
286 boot_pages
<< PAGE_SHIFT
, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT
);
289 static void __init
bootmem_reserve_initrd(int node
)
291 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
292 pg_data_t
*pgdat
= NODE_DATA(node
);
295 res
= reserve_bootmem_node(pgdat
, phys_initrd_start
,
296 phys_initrd_size
, BOOTMEM_EXCLUSIVE
);
299 initrd_start
= __phys_to_virt(phys_initrd_start
);
300 initrd_end
= initrd_start
+ phys_initrd_size
;
303 "INITRD: 0x%08lx+0x%08lx overlaps in-use "
304 "memory region - disabling initrd\n",
305 phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
);
310 static void __init
bootmem_free_node(int node
, struct meminfo
*mi
)
312 unsigned long zone_size
[MAX_NR_ZONES
], zhole_size
[MAX_NR_ZONES
];
313 unsigned long min
, max_low
, max_high
;
316 find_node_limits(node
, mi
, &min
, &max_low
, &max_high
);
319 * initialise the zones within this node.
321 memset(zone_size
, 0, sizeof(zone_size
));
324 * The size of this node has already been determined. If we need
325 * to do anything fancy with the allocation of this memory to the
326 * zones, now is the time to do it.
328 zone_size
[0] = max_low
- min
;
329 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
330 zone_size
[ZONE_HIGHMEM
] = max_high
- max_low
;
334 * For each bank in this node, calculate the size of the holes.
335 * holes = node_size - sum(bank_sizes_in_node)
337 memcpy(zhole_size
, zone_size
, sizeof(zhole_size
));
338 for_each_nodebank(i
, mi
, node
) {
340 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
341 if (mi
->bank
[i
].highmem
)
344 zhole_size
[idx
] -= bank_pfn_size(&mi
->bank
[i
]);
348 * Adjust the sizes according to any special requirements for
351 arch_adjust_zones(node
, zone_size
, zhole_size
);
353 free_area_init_node(node
, zone_size
, min
, zhole_size
);
356 #ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
357 int pfn_valid(unsigned long pfn
)
359 struct meminfo
*mi
= &meminfo
;
360 unsigned int left
= 0, right
= mi
->nr_banks
;
363 unsigned int mid
= (right
+ left
) / 2;
364 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[mid
];
366 if (pfn
< bank_pfn_start(bank
))
368 else if (pfn
>= bank_pfn_end(bank
))
372 } while (left
< right
);
375 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_valid
);
377 static void arm_memory_present(struct meminfo
*mi
, int node
)
381 static void arm_memory_present(struct meminfo
*mi
, int node
)
384 for_each_nodebank(i
, mi
, node
) {
385 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
386 memory_present(node
, bank_pfn_start(bank
), bank_pfn_end(bank
));
391 static int __init
meminfo_cmp(const void *_a
, const void *_b
)
393 const struct membank
*a
= _a
, *b
= _b
;
394 long cmp
= bank_pfn_start(a
) - bank_pfn_start(b
);
395 return cmp
< 0 ? -1 : cmp
> 0 ? 1 : 0;
398 void __init
bootmem_init(void)
400 struct meminfo
*mi
= &meminfo
;
401 unsigned long min
, max_low
, max_high
;
402 int node
, initrd_node
;
404 sort(&mi
->bank
, mi
->nr_banks
, sizeof(mi
->bank
[0]), meminfo_cmp
, NULL
);
407 * Locate which node contains the ramdisk image, if any.
409 initrd_node
= check_initrd(mi
);
411 max_low
= max_high
= 0;
414 * Run through each node initialising the bootmem allocator.
416 for_each_node(node
) {
417 unsigned long node_low
, node_high
;
419 find_node_limits(node
, mi
, &min
, &node_low
, &node_high
);
421 if (node_low
> max_low
)
423 if (node_high
> max_high
)
424 max_high
= node_high
;
427 * If there is no memory in this node, ignore it.
428 * (We can't have nodes which have no lowmem)
433 bootmem_init_node(node
, mi
, min
, node_low
);
436 * Reserve any special node zero regions.
439 reserve_node_zero(NODE_DATA(node
));
442 * If the initrd is in this node, reserve its memory.
444 if (node
== initrd_node
)
445 bootmem_reserve_initrd(node
);
448 * Sparsemem tries to allocate bootmem in memory_present(),
449 * so must be done after the fixed reservations
451 arm_memory_present(mi
, node
);
455 * sparse_init() needs the bootmem allocator up and running.
460 * Now free memory in each node - free_area_init_node needs
461 * the sparse mem_map arrays initialized by sparse_init()
462 * for memmap_init_zone(), otherwise all PFNs are invalid.
465 bootmem_free_node(node
, mi
);
467 high_memory
= __va((max_low
<< PAGE_SHIFT
) - 1) + 1;
470 * This doesn't seem to be used by the Linux memory manager any
471 * more, but is used by ll_rw_block. If we can get rid of it, we
472 * also get rid of some of the stuff above as well.
474 * Note: max_low_pfn and max_pfn reflect the number of _pages_ in
475 * the system, not the maximum PFN.
477 max_low_pfn
= max_low
- PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
;
478 max_pfn
= max_high
- PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
;
481 static inline int free_area(unsigned long pfn
, unsigned long end
, char *s
)
483 unsigned int pages
= 0, size
= (end
- pfn
) << (PAGE_SHIFT
- 10);
485 for (; pfn
< end
; pfn
++) {
486 struct page
*page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
487 ClearPageReserved(page
);
488 init_page_count(page
);
494 printk(KERN_INFO
"Freeing %s memory: %dK\n", s
, size
);
500 free_memmap(int node
, unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long end_pfn
)
502 struct page
*start_pg
, *end_pg
;
503 unsigned long pg
, pgend
;
506 * Convert start_pfn/end_pfn to a struct page pointer.
508 start_pg
= pfn_to_page(start_pfn
- 1) + 1;
509 end_pg
= pfn_to_page(end_pfn
);
512 * Convert to physical addresses, and
513 * round start upwards and end downwards.
515 pg
= PAGE_ALIGN(__pa(start_pg
));
516 pgend
= __pa(end_pg
) & PAGE_MASK
;
519 * If there are free pages between these,
520 * free the section of the memmap array.
523 free_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(node
), pg
, pgend
- pg
);
527 * The mem_map array can get very big. Free the unused area of the memory map.
529 static void __init
free_unused_memmap_node(int node
, struct meminfo
*mi
)
531 unsigned long bank_start
, prev_bank_end
= 0;
535 * [FIXME] This relies on each bank being in address order. This
536 * may not be the case, especially if the user has provided the
537 * information on the command line.
539 for_each_nodebank(i
, mi
, node
) {
540 struct membank
*bank
= &mi
->bank
[i
];
542 bank_start
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
543 if (bank_start
< prev_bank_end
) {
544 printk(KERN_ERR
"MEM: unordered memory banks. "
545 "Not freeing memmap.\n");
550 * If we had a previous bank, and there is a space
551 * between the current bank and the previous, free it.
553 if (prev_bank_end
&& prev_bank_end
!= bank_start
)
554 free_memmap(node
, prev_bank_end
, bank_start
);
556 prev_bank_end
= bank_pfn_end(bank
);
561 * mem_init() marks the free areas in the mem_map and tells us how much
562 * memory is free. This is done after various parts of the system have
563 * claimed their memory after the kernel image.
565 void __init
mem_init(void)
567 unsigned long reserved_pages
, free_pages
;
570 #ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
571 max_mapnr
= pfn_to_page(max_pfn
+ PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
) - mem_map
;
574 /* this will put all unused low memory onto the freelists */
575 for_each_online_node(node
) {
576 pg_data_t
*pgdat
= NODE_DATA(node
);
578 free_unused_memmap_node(node
, &meminfo
);
580 if (pgdat
->node_spanned_pages
!= 0)
581 totalram_pages
+= free_all_bootmem_node(pgdat
);
585 /* now that our DMA memory is actually so designated, we can free it */
586 totalram_pages
+= free_area(PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
,
587 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(swapper_pg_dir
)), NULL
);
590 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
591 /* set highmem page free */
592 for_each_online_node(node
) {
593 for_each_nodebank (i
, &meminfo
, node
) {
594 unsigned long start
= bank_pfn_start(&meminfo
.bank
[i
]);
595 unsigned long end
= bank_pfn_end(&meminfo
.bank
[i
]);
596 if (start
>= max_low_pfn
+ PHYS_PFN_OFFSET
)
597 totalhigh_pages
+= free_area(start
, end
, NULL
);
600 totalram_pages
+= totalhigh_pages
;
603 reserved_pages
= free_pages
= 0;
605 for_each_online_node(node
) {
606 pg_data_t
*n
= NODE_DATA(node
);
607 struct page
*map
= pgdat_page_nr(n
, 0) - n
->node_start_pfn
;
609 for_each_nodebank(i
, &meminfo
, node
) {
610 struct membank
*bank
= &meminfo
.bank
[i
];
611 unsigned int pfn1
, pfn2
;
612 struct page
*page
, *end
;
614 pfn1
= bank_pfn_start(bank
);
615 pfn2
= bank_pfn_end(bank
);
621 if (PageReserved(page
))
623 else if (!page_count(page
))
626 } while (page
< end
);
631 * Since our memory may not be contiguous, calculate the
632 * real number of pages we have in this system
634 printk(KERN_INFO
"Memory:");
636 for (i
= 0; i
< meminfo
.nr_banks
; i
++) {
637 num_physpages
+= bank_pfn_size(&meminfo
.bank
[i
]);
638 printk(" %ldMB", bank_phys_size(&meminfo
.bank
[i
]) >> 20);
640 printk(" = %luMB total\n", num_physpages
>> (20 - PAGE_SHIFT
));
642 printk(KERN_NOTICE
"Memory: %luk/%luk available, %luk reserved, %luK highmem\n",
643 nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
644 free_pages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
645 reserved_pages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10),
646 totalhigh_pages
<< (PAGE_SHIFT
-10));
648 #define MLK(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 10
649 #define MLM(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 20
650 #define MLK_ROUNDUP(b, t) b, t, DIV_ROUND_UP(((t) - (b)), SZ_1K)
652 printk(KERN_NOTICE
"Virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
653 " vector : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
654 " fixmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
656 " DMA : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
658 " vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
659 " lowmem : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
660 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
661 " pkmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
663 " modules : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
664 " .init : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
665 " .text : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
666 " .data : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n",
668 MLK(UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE
), UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE
) +
670 MLK(FIXADDR_START
, FIXADDR_TOP
),
672 MLM(CONSISTENT_BASE
, CONSISTENT_END
),
674 MLM(VMALLOC_START
, VMALLOC_END
),
675 MLM(PAGE_OFFSET
, (unsigned long)high_memory
),
676 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
677 MLM(PKMAP_BASE
, (PKMAP_BASE
) + (LAST_PKMAP
) *
680 MLM(MODULES_VADDR
, MODULES_END
),
682 MLK_ROUNDUP(__init_begin
, __init_end
),
683 MLK_ROUNDUP(_text
, _etext
),
684 MLK_ROUNDUP(_data
, _edata
));
691 * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
692 * be detected at build time already.
695 BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END
> CONSISTENT_BASE
);
696 BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END
> CONSISTENT_BASE
);
698 BUILD_BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE
> MODULES_VADDR
);
699 BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE
> MODULES_VADDR
);
702 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
703 BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE
+ LAST_PKMAP
* PAGE_SIZE
> PAGE_OFFSET
);
704 BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE
+ LAST_PKMAP
* PAGE_SIZE
> PAGE_OFFSET
);
707 if (PAGE_SIZE
>= 16384 && num_physpages
<= 128) {
708 extern int sysctl_overcommit_memory
;
710 * On a machine this small we won't get
711 * anywhere without overcommit, so turn
714 sysctl_overcommit_memory
= OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS
;
718 void free_initmem(void)
720 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
721 extern char *__tcm_start
, *__tcm_end
;
723 totalram_pages
+= free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(__tcm_start
)),
724 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(__tcm_end
)),
728 if (!machine_is_integrator() && !machine_is_cintegrator())
729 totalram_pages
+= free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(__init_begin
)),
730 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(__init_end
)),
734 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
736 static int keep_initrd
;
738 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
)
741 totalram_pages
+= free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(start
)),
742 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(end
)),
746 static int __init
keepinitrd_setup(char *__unused
)
752 __setup("keepinitrd", keepinitrd_setup
);