2 * Intel CPU Microcode Update Driver for Linux
4 * Copyright (C) 2000-2006 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>
5 * 2006 Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
7 * This driver allows to upgrade microcode on Intel processors
8 * belonging to IA-32 family - PentiumPro, Pentium II,
9 * Pentium III, Xeon, Pentium 4, etc.
11 * Reference: Section 8.11 of Volume 3a, IA-32 Intel? Architecture
12 * Software Developer's Manual
13 * Order Number 253668 or free download from:
15 * http://developer.intel.com/design/pentium4/manuals/253668.htm
17 * For more information, go to http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode
19 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
20 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
21 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
22 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
24 * 1.0 16 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
26 * 1.01 18 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
27 * Added read() support + cleanups.
28 * 1.02 21 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
29 * Added 'device trimming' support. open(O_WRONLY) zeroes
30 * and frees the saved copy of applied microcode.
31 * 1.03 29 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
32 * Made to use devfs (/dev/cpu/microcode) + cleanups.
33 * 1.04 06 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
34 * Added misc device support (now uses both devfs and misc).
35 * Added MICROCODE_IOCFREE ioctl to clear memory.
36 * 1.05 09 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
37 * Messages for error cases (non Intel & no suitable microcode).
38 * 1.06 03 Aug 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
39 * Removed ->release(). Removed exclusive open and status bitmap.
40 * Added microcode_rwsem to serialize read()/write()/ioctl().
41 * Removed global kernel lock usage.
42 * 1.07 07 Sep 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
43 * Write 0 to 0x8B msr and then cpuid before reading revision,
44 * so that it works even if there were no update done by the
45 * BIOS. Otherwise, reading from 0x8B gives junk (which happened
46 * to be 0 on my machine which is why it worked even when I
47 * disabled update by the BIOS)
48 * Thanks to Eric W. Biederman <ebiederman@lnxi.com> for the fix.
49 * 1.08 11 Dec 2000, Richard Schaal <richard.schaal@intel.com> and
50 * Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
51 * Intel Pentium 4 processor support and bugfixes.
52 * 1.09 30 Oct 2001, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
53 * Bugfix for HT (Hyper-Threading) enabled processors
54 * whereby processor resources are shared by all logical processors
55 * in a single CPU package.
56 * 1.10 28 Feb 2002 Asit K Mallick <asit.k.mallick@intel.com> and
57 * Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>,
58 * Serialize updates as required on HT processors due to
59 * speculative nature of implementation.
60 * 1.11 22 Mar 2002 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
61 * Fix the panic when writing zero-length microcode chunk.
62 * 1.12 29 Sep 2003 Nitin Kamble <nitin.a.kamble@intel.com>,
63 * Jun Nakajima <jun.nakajima@intel.com>
64 * Support for the microcode updates in the new format.
65 * 1.13 10 Oct 2003 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
66 * Removed ->read() method and obsoleted MICROCODE_IOCFREE ioctl
67 * because we no longer hold a copy of applied microcode
69 * 1.14 25 Jun 2004 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
70 * Fix sigmatch() macro to handle old CPUs with pf == 0.
71 * Thanks to Stuart Swales for pointing out this bug.
73 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
74 #include <linux/capability.h>
75 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
76 #include <linux/firmware.h>
77 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
78 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
79 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
80 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
81 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
82 #include <linux/kernel.h>
83 #include <linux/module.h>
84 #include <linux/mutex.h>
85 #include <linux/sched.h>
86 #include <linux/init.h>
87 #include <linux/slab.h>
88 #include <linux/cpu.h>
92 #include <asm/microcode.h>
93 #include <asm/processor.h>
96 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Microcode Update Driver");
97 MODULE_AUTHOR("Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>");
98 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
100 #define MICROCODE_VERSION "2.00"
102 static struct microcode_ops
*microcode_ops
;
104 /* no concurrent ->write()s are allowed on /dev/cpu/microcode */
105 static DEFINE_MUTEX(microcode_mutex
);
107 struct ucode_cpu_info ucode_cpu_info
[NR_CPUS
];
108 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ucode_cpu_info
);
110 #ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_OLD_INTERFACE
111 struct update_for_cpu
{
112 const void __user
*buf
;
116 static long update_for_cpu(void *_ufc
)
118 struct update_for_cpu
*ufc
= _ufc
;
121 error
= microcode_ops
->request_microcode_user(smp_processor_id(),
122 ufc
->buf
, ufc
->size
);
126 microcode_ops
->apply_microcode(smp_processor_id());
130 static int do_microcode_update(const void __user
*buf
, size_t size
)
134 struct update_for_cpu ufc
= { .buf
= buf
, .size
= size
};
136 for_each_online_cpu(cpu
) {
137 struct ucode_cpu_info
*uci
= ucode_cpu_info
+ cpu
;
141 error
= work_on_cpu(cpu
, update_for_cpu
, &ufc
);
148 static int microcode_open(struct inode
*unused1
, struct file
*unused2
)
151 return capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO
) ? 0 : -EPERM
;
154 static ssize_t
microcode_write(struct file
*file
, const char __user
*buf
,
155 size_t len
, loff_t
*ppos
)
159 if ((len
>> PAGE_SHIFT
) > num_physpages
) {
160 printk(KERN_ERR
"microcode: too much data (max %ld pages)\n",
166 mutex_lock(µcode_mutex
);
168 ret
= do_microcode_update(buf
, len
);
172 mutex_unlock(µcode_mutex
);
178 static const struct file_operations microcode_fops
= {
179 .owner
= THIS_MODULE
,
180 .write
= microcode_write
,
181 .open
= microcode_open
,
184 static struct miscdevice microcode_dev
= {
185 .minor
= MICROCODE_MINOR
,
187 .fops
= µcode_fops
,
190 static int __init
microcode_dev_init(void)
194 error
= misc_register(µcode_dev
);
197 "microcode: can't misc_register on minor=%d\n",
205 static void microcode_dev_exit(void)
207 misc_deregister(µcode_dev
);
210 MODULE_ALIAS_MISCDEV(MICROCODE_MINOR
);
212 #define microcode_dev_init() 0
213 #define microcode_dev_exit() do { } while (0)
216 /* fake device for request_firmware */
217 static struct platform_device
*microcode_pdev
;
219 static long reload_for_cpu(void *unused
)
221 struct ucode_cpu_info
*uci
= ucode_cpu_info
+ smp_processor_id();
224 mutex_lock(µcode_mutex
);
226 err
= microcode_ops
->request_microcode_fw(smp_processor_id(),
227 µcode_pdev
->dev
);
229 microcode_ops
->apply_microcode(smp_processor_id());
231 mutex_unlock(µcode_mutex
);
235 static ssize_t
reload_store(struct sys_device
*dev
,
236 struct sysdev_attribute
*attr
,
237 const char *buf
, size_t sz
)
240 unsigned long val
= simple_strtoul(buf
, &end
, 0);
249 err
= work_on_cpu(cpu
, reload_for_cpu
, NULL
);
257 static ssize_t
version_show(struct sys_device
*dev
,
258 struct sysdev_attribute
*attr
, char *buf
)
260 struct ucode_cpu_info
*uci
= ucode_cpu_info
+ dev
->id
;
262 return sprintf(buf
, "0x%x\n", uci
->cpu_sig
.rev
);
265 static ssize_t
pf_show(struct sys_device
*dev
,
266 struct sysdev_attribute
*attr
, char *buf
)
268 struct ucode_cpu_info
*uci
= ucode_cpu_info
+ dev
->id
;
270 return sprintf(buf
, "0x%x\n", uci
->cpu_sig
.pf
);
273 static SYSDEV_ATTR(reload
, 0200, NULL
, reload_store
);
274 static SYSDEV_ATTR(version
, 0400, version_show
, NULL
);
275 static SYSDEV_ATTR(processor_flags
, 0400, pf_show
, NULL
);
277 static struct attribute
*mc_default_attrs
[] = {
280 &attr_processor_flags
.attr
,
284 static struct attribute_group mc_attr_group
= {
285 .attrs
= mc_default_attrs
,
289 static void __microcode_fini_cpu(int cpu
)
291 struct ucode_cpu_info
*uci
= ucode_cpu_info
+ cpu
;
293 microcode_ops
->microcode_fini_cpu(cpu
);
297 static void microcode_fini_cpu(int cpu
)
299 mutex_lock(µcode_mutex
);
300 __microcode_fini_cpu(cpu
);
301 mutex_unlock(µcode_mutex
);
304 static void collect_cpu_info(int cpu
)
306 struct ucode_cpu_info
*uci
= ucode_cpu_info
+ cpu
;
308 memset(uci
, 0, sizeof(*uci
));
309 if (!microcode_ops
->collect_cpu_info(cpu
, &uci
->cpu_sig
))
313 static int microcode_resume_cpu(int cpu
)
315 struct ucode_cpu_info
*uci
= ucode_cpu_info
+ cpu
;
316 struct cpu_signature nsig
;
318 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d resumed\n", cpu
);
324 * Let's verify that the 'cached' ucode does belong
325 * to this cpu (a bit of paranoia):
327 if (microcode_ops
->collect_cpu_info(cpu
, &nsig
)) {
328 __microcode_fini_cpu(cpu
);
329 printk(KERN_ERR
"failed to collect_cpu_info for resuming cpu #%d\n",
334 if ((nsig
.sig
!= uci
->cpu_sig
.sig
) || (nsig
.pf
!= uci
->cpu_sig
.pf
)) {
335 __microcode_fini_cpu(cpu
);
336 printk(KERN_ERR
"cached ucode doesn't match the resuming cpu #%d\n",
338 /* Should we look for a new ucode here? */
345 static long microcode_update_cpu(void *unused
)
347 struct ucode_cpu_info
*uci
= ucode_cpu_info
+ smp_processor_id();
351 * Check if the system resume is in progress (uci->valid != NULL),
352 * otherwise just request a firmware:
355 err
= microcode_resume_cpu(smp_processor_id());
357 collect_cpu_info(smp_processor_id());
358 if (uci
->valid
&& system_state
== SYSTEM_RUNNING
)
359 err
= microcode_ops
->request_microcode_fw(
361 µcode_pdev
->dev
);
364 microcode_ops
->apply_microcode(smp_processor_id());
368 static int microcode_init_cpu(int cpu
)
371 mutex_lock(µcode_mutex
);
372 err
= work_on_cpu(cpu
, microcode_update_cpu
, NULL
);
373 mutex_unlock(µcode_mutex
);
378 static int mc_sysdev_add(struct sys_device
*sys_dev
)
380 int err
, cpu
= sys_dev
->id
;
381 struct ucode_cpu_info
*uci
= ucode_cpu_info
+ cpu
;
383 if (!cpu_online(cpu
))
386 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d added\n", cpu
);
387 memset(uci
, 0, sizeof(*uci
));
389 err
= sysfs_create_group(&sys_dev
->kobj
, &mc_attr_group
);
393 err
= microcode_init_cpu(cpu
);
395 sysfs_remove_group(&sys_dev
->kobj
, &mc_attr_group
);
400 static int mc_sysdev_remove(struct sys_device
*sys_dev
)
402 int cpu
= sys_dev
->id
;
404 if (!cpu_online(cpu
))
407 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d removed\n", cpu
);
408 microcode_fini_cpu(cpu
);
409 sysfs_remove_group(&sys_dev
->kobj
, &mc_attr_group
);
413 static int mc_sysdev_resume(struct sys_device
*dev
)
417 if (!cpu_online(cpu
))
420 /* only CPU 0 will apply ucode here */
421 microcode_update_cpu(NULL
);
425 static struct sysdev_driver mc_sysdev_driver
= {
426 .add
= mc_sysdev_add
,
427 .remove
= mc_sysdev_remove
,
428 .resume
= mc_sysdev_resume
,
432 mc_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block
*nb
, unsigned long action
, void *hcpu
)
434 unsigned int cpu
= (unsigned long)hcpu
;
435 struct sys_device
*sys_dev
;
437 sys_dev
= get_cpu_sysdev(cpu
);
440 case CPU_ONLINE_FROZEN
:
441 if (microcode_init_cpu(cpu
))
442 printk(KERN_ERR
"microcode: failed to init CPU%d\n",
444 case CPU_DOWN_FAILED
:
445 case CPU_DOWN_FAILED_FROZEN
:
446 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d added\n", cpu
);
447 if (sysfs_create_group(&sys_dev
->kobj
, &mc_attr_group
))
448 printk(KERN_ERR
"microcode: Failed to create the sysfs "
449 "group for CPU%d\n", cpu
);
451 case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE
:
452 case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE_FROZEN
:
453 /* Suspend is in progress, only remove the interface */
454 sysfs_remove_group(&sys_dev
->kobj
, &mc_attr_group
);
455 pr_debug("microcode: CPU%d removed\n", cpu
);
458 case CPU_UP_CANCELED_FROZEN
:
459 /* The CPU refused to come up during a system resume */
460 microcode_fini_cpu(cpu
);
466 static struct notifier_block __refdata mc_cpu_notifier
= {
467 .notifier_call
= mc_cpu_callback
,
470 static int __init
microcode_init(void)
472 struct cpuinfo_x86
*c
= &cpu_data(0);
475 if (c
->x86_vendor
== X86_VENDOR_INTEL
)
476 microcode_ops
= init_intel_microcode();
477 else if (c
->x86_vendor
== X86_VENDOR_AMD
)
478 microcode_ops
= init_amd_microcode();
480 if (!microcode_ops
) {
481 printk(KERN_ERR
"microcode: no support for this CPU vendor\n");
485 error
= microcode_dev_init();
488 microcode_pdev
= platform_device_register_simple("microcode", -1,
490 if (IS_ERR(microcode_pdev
)) {
491 microcode_dev_exit();
492 return PTR_ERR(microcode_pdev
);
496 error
= sysdev_driver_register(&cpu_sysdev_class
, &mc_sysdev_driver
);
499 microcode_dev_exit();
500 platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev
);
504 register_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier
);
507 "Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION
508 " <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>,"
514 static void __exit
microcode_exit(void)
516 microcode_dev_exit();
518 unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier
);
521 sysdev_driver_unregister(&cpu_sysdev_class
, &mc_sysdev_driver
);
524 platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev
);
526 microcode_ops
= NULL
;
529 "Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION
" removed.\n");
532 module_init(microcode_init
);
533 module_exit(microcode_exit
);