1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
5 * This file contains the setup_arch() code, which handles the architecture-dependent
6 * parts of early kernel initialization.
8 #include <linux/acpi.h>
9 #include <linux/console.h>
10 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
11 #include <linux/dma-map-ops.h>
12 #include <linux/dmi.h>
13 #include <linux/efi.h>
14 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
15 #include <linux/initrd.h>
16 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
17 #include <linux/memblock.h>
18 #include <linux/panic_notifier.h>
19 #include <linux/pci.h>
20 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
21 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
22 #include <linux/tboot.h>
23 #include <linux/usb/xhci-dbgp.h>
24 #include <linux/static_call.h>
25 #include <linux/swiotlb.h>
27 #include <uapi/linux/mount.h>
33 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
38 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
39 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
40 #include <asm/kasan.h>
41 #include <asm/kaslr.h>
44 #include <asm/realmode.h>
45 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
46 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
48 #include <asm/proto.h>
49 #include <asm/thermal.h>
50 #include <asm/unwind.h>
51 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
52 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
55 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest directly mapped pfn < 4 GB
56 * max_pfn_mapped: highest directly mapped pfn > 4 GB
58 * The direct mapping only covers E820_TYPE_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are
59 * represented by pfn_mapped[].
61 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped
;
62 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped
;
65 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc
, 65536);
70 * Range of the BSS area. The size of the BSS area is determined
71 * at link time, with RESERVE_BRK() facility reserving additional
74 unsigned long _brk_start
= (unsigned long)__brk_base
;
75 unsigned long _brk_end
= (unsigned long)__brk_base
;
77 struct boot_params boot_params
;
80 * These are the four main kernel memory regions, we put them into
81 * the resource tree so that kdump tools and other debugging tools
85 static struct resource rodata_resource
= {
86 .name
= "Kernel rodata",
89 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM
92 static struct resource data_resource
= {
93 .name
= "Kernel data",
96 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM
99 static struct resource code_resource
= {
100 .name
= "Kernel code",
103 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM
106 static struct resource bss_resource
= {
107 .name
= "Kernel bss",
110 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM
115 /* CPU data as detected by the assembly code in head_32.S */
116 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data
;
118 /* Common CPU data for all CPUs */
119 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly
;
120 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data
);
122 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp
;
124 struct apm_info apm_info
;
125 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info
);
127 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
128 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
129 struct ist_info ist_info
;
130 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info
);
132 struct ist_info ist_info
;
136 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly
;
137 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data
);
141 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
142 __visible
unsigned long mmu_cr4_features __ro_after_init
;
144 __visible
unsigned long mmu_cr4_features __ro_after_init
= X86_CR4_PAE
;
147 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
148 int bootloader_type
, bootloader_version
;
153 struct screen_info screen_info
;
154 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info
);
155 struct edid_info edid_info
;
156 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info
);
158 extern int root_mountflags
;
160 unsigned long saved_video_mode
;
162 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
163 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
164 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
166 static char __initdata command_line
[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
];
167 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
168 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline
[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
] = CONFIG_CMDLINE
;
171 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
173 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
177 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
178 * from boot_params into a safe place.
181 static inline void __init
copy_edd(void)
183 memcpy(edd
.mbr_signature
, boot_params
.edd_mbr_sig_buffer
,
184 sizeof(edd
.mbr_signature
));
185 memcpy(edd
.edd_info
, boot_params
.eddbuf
, sizeof(edd
.edd_info
));
186 edd
.mbr_signature_nr
= boot_params
.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries
;
187 edd
.edd_info_nr
= boot_params
.eddbuf_entries
;
190 static inline void __init
copy_edd(void)
195 void * __init
extend_brk(size_t size
, size_t align
)
197 size_t mask
= align
- 1;
200 BUG_ON(_brk_start
== 0);
201 BUG_ON(align
& mask
);
203 _brk_end
= (_brk_end
+ mask
) & ~mask
;
204 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end
+ size
) > __brk_limit
);
206 ret
= (void *)_brk_end
;
209 memset(ret
, 0, size
);
215 static void __init
cleanup_highmap(void)
220 static void __init
reserve_brk(void)
222 if (_brk_end
> _brk_start
)
223 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_brk_start
),
224 _brk_end
- _brk_start
);
226 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
231 u64 relocated_ramdisk
;
233 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
235 static u64 __init
get_ramdisk_image(void)
237 u64 ramdisk_image
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_image
;
239 ramdisk_image
|= (u64
)boot_params
.ext_ramdisk_image
<< 32;
241 if (ramdisk_image
== 0)
242 ramdisk_image
= phys_initrd_start
;
244 return ramdisk_image
;
246 static u64 __init
get_ramdisk_size(void)
248 u64 ramdisk_size
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_size
;
250 ramdisk_size
|= (u64
)boot_params
.ext_ramdisk_size
<< 32;
252 if (ramdisk_size
== 0)
253 ramdisk_size
= phys_initrd_size
;
258 static void __init
relocate_initrd(void)
260 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
261 u64 ramdisk_image
= get_ramdisk_image();
262 u64 ramdisk_size
= get_ramdisk_size();
263 u64 area_size
= PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size
);
265 /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */
266 relocated_ramdisk
= memblock_phys_alloc_range(area_size
, PAGE_SIZE
, 0,
267 PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped
));
268 if (!relocated_ramdisk
)
269 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
272 initrd_start
= relocated_ramdisk
+ PAGE_OFFSET
;
273 initrd_end
= initrd_start
+ ramdisk_size
;
274 printk(KERN_INFO
"Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
275 relocated_ramdisk
, relocated_ramdisk
+ ramdisk_size
- 1);
277 copy_from_early_mem((void *)initrd_start
, ramdisk_image
, ramdisk_size
);
279 printk(KERN_INFO
"Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
280 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
281 ramdisk_image
, ramdisk_image
+ ramdisk_size
- 1,
282 relocated_ramdisk
, relocated_ramdisk
+ ramdisk_size
- 1);
285 static void __init
early_reserve_initrd(void)
287 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
288 u64 ramdisk_image
= get_ramdisk_image();
289 u64 ramdisk_size
= get_ramdisk_size();
290 u64 ramdisk_end
= PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image
+ ramdisk_size
);
292 if (!boot_params
.hdr
.type_of_loader
||
293 !ramdisk_image
|| !ramdisk_size
)
294 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
296 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_image
, ramdisk_end
- ramdisk_image
);
299 static void __init
reserve_initrd(void)
301 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
302 u64 ramdisk_image
= get_ramdisk_image();
303 u64 ramdisk_size
= get_ramdisk_size();
304 u64 ramdisk_end
= PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image
+ ramdisk_size
);
306 if (!boot_params
.hdr
.type_of_loader
||
307 !ramdisk_image
|| !ramdisk_size
)
308 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
312 printk(KERN_INFO
"RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image
,
315 if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image
),
316 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end
))) {
317 /* All are mapped, easy case */
318 initrd_start
= ramdisk_image
+ PAGE_OFFSET
;
319 initrd_end
= initrd_start
+ ramdisk_size
;
325 memblock_phys_free(ramdisk_image
, ramdisk_end
- ramdisk_image
);
329 static void __init
early_reserve_initrd(void)
332 static void __init
reserve_initrd(void)
335 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
337 static void __init
parse_setup_data(void)
339 struct setup_data
*data
;
340 u64 pa_data
, pa_next
;
342 pa_data
= boot_params
.hdr
.setup_data
;
344 u32 data_len
, data_type
;
346 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
));
347 data_len
= data
->len
+ sizeof(struct setup_data
);
348 data_type
= data
->type
;
349 pa_next
= data
->next
;
350 early_memunmap(data
, sizeof(*data
));
354 e820__memory_setup_extended(pa_data
, data_len
);
360 parse_efi_setup(pa_data
, data_len
);
369 static void __init
memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
371 struct setup_data
*data
;
374 pa_data
= boot_params
.hdr
.setup_data
;
376 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
));
377 memblock_reserve(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
) + data
->len
);
379 if (data
->type
== SETUP_INDIRECT
&&
380 ((struct setup_indirect
*)data
->data
)->type
!= SETUP_INDIRECT
)
381 memblock_reserve(((struct setup_indirect
*)data
->data
)->addr
,
382 ((struct setup_indirect
*)data
->data
)->len
);
384 pa_data
= data
->next
;
385 early_memunmap(data
, sizeof(*data
));
390 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
393 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
395 /* 16M alignment for crash kernel regions */
396 #define CRASH_ALIGN SZ_16M
399 * Keep the crash kernel below this limit.
401 * Earlier 32-bits kernels would limit the kernel to the low 512 MB range
402 * due to mapping restrictions.
404 * 64-bit kdump kernels need to be restricted to be under 64 TB, which is
405 * the upper limit of system RAM in 4-level paging mode. Since the kdump
406 * jump could be from 5-level paging to 4-level paging, the jump will fail if
407 * the kernel is put above 64 TB, and during the 1st kernel bootup there's
408 * no good way to detect the paging mode of the target kernel which will be
409 * loaded for dumping.
412 # define CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX SZ_512M
413 # define CRASH_ADDR_HIGH_MAX SZ_512M
415 # define CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX SZ_4G
416 # define CRASH_ADDR_HIGH_MAX SZ_64T
419 static int __init
reserve_crashkernel_low(void)
422 unsigned long long base
, low_base
= 0, low_size
= 0;
423 unsigned long low_mem_limit
;
426 low_mem_limit
= min(memblock_phys_mem_size(), CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX
);
428 /* crashkernel=Y,low */
429 ret
= parse_crashkernel_low(boot_command_line
, low_mem_limit
, &low_size
, &base
);
432 * two parts from kernel/dma/swiotlb.c:
433 * -swiotlb size: user-specified with swiotlb= or default.
435 * -swiotlb overflow buffer: now hardcoded to 32k. We round it
436 * to 8M for other buffers that may need to stay low too. Also
437 * make sure we allocate enough extra low memory so that we
438 * don't run out of DMA buffers for 32-bit devices.
440 low_size
= max(swiotlb_size_or_default() + (8UL << 20), 256UL << 20);
442 /* passed with crashkernel=0,low ? */
447 low_base
= memblock_phys_alloc_range(low_size
, CRASH_ALIGN
, 0, CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX
);
449 pr_err("Cannot reserve %ldMB crashkernel low memory, please try smaller size.\n",
450 (unsigned long)(low_size
>> 20));
454 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of low memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (low RAM limit: %ldMB)\n",
455 (unsigned long)(low_size
>> 20),
456 (unsigned long)(low_base
>> 20),
457 (unsigned long)(low_mem_limit
>> 20));
459 crashk_low_res
.start
= low_base
;
460 crashk_low_res
.end
= low_base
+ low_size
- 1;
461 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &crashk_low_res
);
466 static void __init
reserve_crashkernel(void)
468 unsigned long long crash_size
, crash_base
, total_mem
;
472 total_mem
= memblock_phys_mem_size();
475 ret
= parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line
, total_mem
, &crash_size
, &crash_base
);
476 if (ret
!= 0 || crash_size
<= 0) {
477 /* crashkernel=X,high */
478 ret
= parse_crashkernel_high(boot_command_line
, total_mem
,
479 &crash_size
, &crash_base
);
480 if (ret
!= 0 || crash_size
<= 0)
485 if (xen_pv_domain()) {
486 pr_info("Ignoring crashkernel for a Xen PV domain\n");
490 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
493 * Set CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX upper bound for crash memory,
494 * crashkernel=x,high reserves memory over 4G, also allocates
495 * 256M extra low memory for DMA buffers and swiotlb.
496 * But the extra memory is not required for all machines.
497 * So try low memory first and fall back to high memory
498 * unless "crashkernel=size[KMG],high" is specified.
501 crash_base
= memblock_phys_alloc_range(crash_size
,
502 CRASH_ALIGN
, CRASH_ALIGN
,
505 crash_base
= memblock_phys_alloc_range(crash_size
,
506 CRASH_ALIGN
, CRASH_ALIGN
,
507 CRASH_ADDR_HIGH_MAX
);
509 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
513 unsigned long long start
;
515 start
= memblock_phys_alloc_range(crash_size
, SZ_1M
, crash_base
,
516 crash_base
+ crash_size
);
517 if (start
!= crash_base
) {
518 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
523 if (crash_base
>= (1ULL << 32) && reserve_crashkernel_low()) {
524 memblock_phys_free(crash_base
, crash_size
);
528 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
529 (unsigned long)(crash_size
>> 20),
530 (unsigned long)(crash_base
>> 20),
531 (unsigned long)(total_mem
>> 20));
533 crashk_res
.start
= crash_base
;
534 crashk_res
.end
= crash_base
+ crash_size
- 1;
535 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &crashk_res
);
538 static void __init
reserve_crashkernel(void)
543 static struct resource standard_io_resources
[] = {
544 { .name
= "dma1", .start
= 0x00, .end
= 0x1f,
545 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
546 { .name
= "pic1", .start
= 0x20, .end
= 0x21,
547 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
548 { .name
= "timer0", .start
= 0x40, .end
= 0x43,
549 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
550 { .name
= "timer1", .start
= 0x50, .end
= 0x53,
551 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
552 { .name
= "keyboard", .start
= 0x60, .end
= 0x60,
553 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
554 { .name
= "keyboard", .start
= 0x64, .end
= 0x64,
555 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
556 { .name
= "dma page reg", .start
= 0x80, .end
= 0x8f,
557 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
558 { .name
= "pic2", .start
= 0xa0, .end
= 0xa1,
559 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
560 { .name
= "dma2", .start
= 0xc0, .end
= 0xdf,
561 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
562 { .name
= "fpu", .start
= 0xf0, .end
= 0xff,
563 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
}
566 void __init
reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
570 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
571 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources
); i
++)
572 request_resource(&ioport_resource
, &standard_io_resources
[i
]);
576 static bool __init
snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void)
581 static const __initconst u16 snb_ids
[] = {
591 /* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */
592 if (!early_pci_allowed())
595 vendor
= read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID
);
596 if (vendor
!= 0x8086)
599 devid
= read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID
);
600 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids
); i
++)
601 if (devid
== snb_ids
[i
])
609 * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude
610 * them from allocation.
612 static void __init
trim_snb_memory(void)
614 static const __initconst
unsigned long bad_pages
[] = {
623 if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed())
626 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n");
629 * SandyBridge integrated graphics devices have a bug that prevents
630 * them from accessing certain memory ranges, namely anything below
631 * 1M and in the pages listed in bad_pages[] above.
633 * To avoid these pages being ever accessed by SNB gfx devices reserve
634 * bad_pages that have not already been reserved at boot time.
635 * All memory below the 1 MB mark is anyway reserved later during
636 * setup_arch(), so there is no need to reserve it here.
639 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages
); i
++) {
640 if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages
[i
], PAGE_SIZE
))
641 printk(KERN_WARNING
"failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n",
646 static void __init
trim_bios_range(void)
649 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
650 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
651 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
653 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
654 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the
655 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
657 e820__range_update(0, PAGE_SIZE
, E820_TYPE_RAM
, E820_TYPE_RESERVED
);
660 * special case: Some BIOSes report the PC BIOS
661 * area (640Kb -> 1Mb) as RAM even though it is not.
664 e820__range_remove(BIOS_BEGIN
, BIOS_END
- BIOS_BEGIN
, E820_TYPE_RAM
, 1);
666 e820__update_table(e820_table
);
669 /* called before trim_bios_range() to spare extra sanitize */
670 static void __init
e820_add_kernel_range(void)
672 u64 start
= __pa_symbol(_text
);
673 u64 size
= __pa_symbol(_end
) - start
;
676 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_TYPE_RAM and
677 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS,
678 * or the user may have used memmap=exactmap or memmap=xxM$yyM to
679 * exclude kernel range. If we really are running on top non-RAM,
680 * we will crash later anyways.
682 if (e820__mapped_all(start
, start
+ size
, E820_TYPE_RAM
))
685 pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_TYPE_RAM!\n");
686 e820__range_remove(start
, size
, E820_TYPE_RAM
, 0);
687 e820__range_add(start
, size
, E820_TYPE_RAM
);
690 static void __init
early_reserve_memory(void)
693 * Reserve the memory occupied by the kernel between _text and
694 * __end_of_kernel_reserve symbols. Any kernel sections after the
695 * __end_of_kernel_reserve symbol must be explicitly reserved with a
696 * separate memblock_reserve() or they will be discarded.
698 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_text
),
699 (unsigned long)__end_of_kernel_reserve
- (unsigned long)_text
);
702 * The first 4Kb of memory is a BIOS owned area, but generally it is
703 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
705 * Reserve the first 64K of memory since some BIOSes are known to
706 * corrupt low memory. After the real mode trampoline is allocated the
707 * rest of the memory below 640k is reserved.
709 * In addition, make sure page 0 is always reserved because on
710 * systems with L1TF its contents can be leaked to user processes.
712 memblock_reserve(0, SZ_64K
);
714 early_reserve_initrd();
716 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT
))
717 efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range();
719 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
721 reserve_ibft_region();
722 reserve_bios_regions();
727 * Dump out kernel offset information on panic.
730 dump_kernel_offset(struct notifier_block
*self
, unsigned long v
, void *p
)
732 if (kaslr_enabled()) {
733 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: 0x%lx from 0x%lx (relocation range: 0x%lx-0x%lx)\n",
739 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: disabled\n");
746 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
747 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
748 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
749 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
750 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
753 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
755 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
758 void __init
setup_arch(char **cmdline_p
)
761 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data
, &new_cpu_data
, sizeof(new_cpu_data
));
764 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
765 * to the proper swapper page table
767 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
768 initial_page_table
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
771 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir
);
773 * Note: Quark X1000 CPUs advertise PGE incorrectly and require
774 * a cr3 based tlb flush, so the following __flush_tlb_all()
775 * will not flush anything because the CPU quirk which clears
776 * X86_FEATURE_PGE has not been invoked yet. Though due to the
777 * load_cr3() above the TLB has been flushed already. The
778 * quirk is invoked before subsequent calls to __flush_tlb_all()
779 * so proper operation is guaranteed.
783 printk(KERN_INFO
"Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line
);
784 boot_cpu_data
.x86_phys_bits
= MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS
;
788 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
789 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
793 idt_setup_early_traps();
797 early_ioremap_init();
799 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
801 ROOT_DEV
= old_decode_dev(boot_params
.hdr
.root_dev
);
802 screen_info
= boot_params
.screen_info
;
803 edid_info
= boot_params
.edid_info
;
805 apm_info
.bios
= boot_params
.apm_bios_info
;
806 ist_info
= boot_params
.ist_info
;
808 saved_video_mode
= boot_params
.hdr
.vid_mode
;
809 bootloader_type
= boot_params
.hdr
.type_of_loader
;
810 if ((bootloader_type
>> 4) == 0xe) {
811 bootloader_type
&= 0xf;
812 bootloader_type
|= (boot_params
.hdr
.ext_loader_type
+0x10) << 4;
814 bootloader_version
= bootloader_type
& 0xf;
815 bootloader_version
|= boot_params
.hdr
.ext_loader_ver
<< 4;
817 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
818 rd_image_start
= boot_params
.hdr
.ram_size
& RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK
;
821 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params
.efi_info
.efi_loader_signature
,
822 EFI32_LOADER_SIGNATURE
, 4)) {
823 set_bit(EFI_BOOT
, &efi
.flags
);
824 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params
.efi_info
.efi_loader_signature
,
825 EFI64_LOADER_SIGNATURE
, 4)) {
826 set_bit(EFI_BOOT
, &efi
.flags
);
827 set_bit(EFI_64BIT
, &efi
.flags
);
831 x86_init
.oem
.arch_setup();
834 * Do some memory reservations *before* memory is added to memblock, so
835 * memblock allocations won't overwrite it.
837 * After this point, everything still needed from the boot loader or
838 * firmware or kernel text should be early reserved or marked not RAM in
839 * e820. All other memory is free game.
841 * This call needs to happen before e820__memory_setup() which calls the
842 * xen_memory_setup() on Xen dom0 which relies on the fact that those
843 * early reservations have happened already.
845 early_reserve_memory();
847 iomem_resource
.end
= (1ULL << boot_cpu_data
.x86_phys_bits
) - 1;
848 e820__memory_setup();
853 if (!boot_params
.hdr
.root_flags
)
854 root_mountflags
&= ~MS_RDONLY
;
855 setup_initial_init_mm(_text
, _etext
, _edata
, (void *)_brk_end
);
857 code_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(_text
);
858 code_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(_etext
)-1;
859 rodata_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(__start_rodata
);
860 rodata_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(__end_rodata
)-1;
861 data_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(_sdata
);
862 data_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(_edata
)-1;
863 bss_resource
.start
= __pa_symbol(__bss_start
);
864 bss_resource
.end
= __pa_symbol(__bss_stop
)-1;
866 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
867 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
868 strlcpy(boot_command_line
, builtin_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
870 if (builtin_cmdline
[0]) {
871 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
872 strlcat(builtin_cmdline
, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
873 strlcat(builtin_cmdline
, boot_command_line
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
874 strlcpy(boot_command_line
, builtin_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
879 strlcpy(command_line
, boot_command_line
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
880 *cmdline_p
= command_line
;
883 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
884 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
885 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
886 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
887 * to honor the respective command line option.
893 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
895 * Memory used by the kernel cannot be hot-removed because Linux
896 * cannot migrate the kernel pages. When memory hotplug is
897 * enabled, we should prevent memblock from allocating memory
900 * ACPI SRAT records all hotpluggable memory ranges. But before
901 * SRAT is parsed, we don't know about it.
903 * The kernel image is loaded into memory at very early time. We
904 * cannot prevent this anyway. So on NUMA system, we set any
905 * node the kernel resides in as un-hotpluggable.
907 * Since on modern servers, one node could have double-digit
908 * gigabytes memory, we can assume the memory around the kernel
909 * image is also un-hotpluggable. So before SRAT is parsed, just
910 * allocate memory near the kernel image to try the best to keep
911 * the kernel away from hotpluggable memory.
913 if (movable_node_is_enabled())
914 memblock_set_bottom_up(true);
919 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
920 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
923 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC
);
926 e820__reserve_setup_data();
927 e820__finish_early_params();
929 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT
))
935 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
936 * needs to be done after dmi_setup(), for the boot CPU.
938 init_hypervisor_platform();
941 x86_init
.resources
.probe_roms();
943 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
944 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &code_resource
);
945 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &rodata_resource
);
946 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &data_resource
);
947 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &bss_resource
);
949 e820_add_kernel_range();
952 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
953 e820__range_update(0x70000000ULL
, 0x40000ULL
, E820_TYPE_RAM
,
955 e820__update_table(e820_table
);
956 printk(KERN_INFO
"fixed physical RAM map:\n");
957 e820__print_table("bad_ppro");
960 early_gart_iommu_check();
964 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
965 * we are rounding upwards:
967 max_pfn
= e820__end_of_ram_pfn();
969 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
971 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn
))
972 max_pfn
= e820__end_of_ram_pfn();
974 max_possible_pfn
= max_pfn
;
977 * This call is required when the CPU does not support PAT. If
978 * mtrr_bp_init() invoked it already via pat_init() the call has no
984 * Define random base addresses for memory sections after max_pfn is
985 * defined and before each memory section base is used.
987 kernel_randomize_memory();
990 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
991 find_low_pfn_range();
995 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
996 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
997 if (max_pfn
> (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT
)))
998 max_low_pfn
= e820__end_of_low_ram_pfn();
1000 max_low_pfn
= max_pfn
;
1002 high_memory
= (void *)__va(max_pfn
* PAGE_SIZE
- 1) + 1;
1006 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
1010 early_alloc_pgt_buf();
1013 * Need to conclude brk, before e820__memblock_setup()
1014 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
1021 memblock_set_current_limit(ISA_END_ADDRESS
);
1022 e820__memblock_setup();
1025 * Needs to run after memblock setup because it needs the physical
1033 efi_mokvar_table_init();
1036 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be
1037 * called after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
1039 efi_reserve_boot_services();
1041 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
1042 e820__memblock_alloc_reserved_mpc_new();
1044 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
1045 setup_bios_corruption_check();
1048 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1049 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
1050 (max_pfn_mapped
<<PAGE_SHIFT
) - 1);
1054 * Find free memory for the real mode trampoline and place it there. If
1055 * there is not enough free memory under 1M, on EFI-enabled systems
1056 * there will be additional attempt to reclaim the memory for the real
1057 * mode trampoline at efi_free_boot_services().
1059 * Unconditionally reserve the entire first 1M of RAM because BIOSes
1060 * are known to corrupt low memory and several hundred kilobytes are not
1061 * worth complex detection what memory gets clobbered. Windows does the
1062 * same thing for very similar reasons.
1064 * Moreover, on machines with SandyBridge graphics or in setups that use
1065 * crashkernel the entire 1M is reserved anyway.
1067 reserve_real_mode();
1071 idt_setup_early_pf();
1074 * Update mmu_cr4_features (and, indirectly, trampoline_cr4_features)
1075 * with the current CR4 value. This may not be necessary, but
1076 * auditing all the early-boot CR4 manipulation would be needed to
1079 * Mask off features that don't work outside long mode (just
1082 mmu_cr4_features
= __read_cr4() & ~X86_CR4_PCIDE
;
1084 memblock_set_current_limit(get_max_mapped());
1087 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
1090 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
1091 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early
)
1092 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
1094 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */
1097 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT
)) {
1098 switch (boot_params
.secure_boot
) {
1099 case efi_secureboot_mode_disabled
:
1100 pr_info("Secure boot disabled\n");
1102 case efi_secureboot_mode_enabled
:
1103 pr_info("Secure boot enabled\n");
1106 pr_info("Secure boot could not be determined\n");
1113 acpi_table_upgrade();
1114 /* Look for ACPI tables and reserve memory occupied by them. */
1115 acpi_boot_table_init();
1121 early_platform_quirks();
1123 early_acpi_boot_init();
1126 dma_contiguous_reserve(max_pfn_mapped
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
1128 if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_GBPAGES
))
1129 hugetlb_cma_reserve(PUD_SHIFT
- PAGE_SHIFT
);
1132 * Reserve memory for crash kernel after SRAT is parsed so that it
1133 * won't consume hotpluggable memory.
1135 reserve_crashkernel();
1137 memblock_find_dma_reserve();
1139 if (!early_xdbc_setup_hardware())
1140 early_xdbc_register_console();
1142 x86_init
.paging
.pagetable_init();
1147 * Sync back kernel address range.
1149 * FIXME: Can the later sync in setup_cpu_entry_areas() replace
1152 sync_initial_page_table();
1158 generic_apic_probe();
1163 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1169 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1174 * Systems w/o ACPI and mptables might not have it mapped the local
1175 * APIC yet, but prefill_possible_map() might need to access it.
1177 init_apic_mappings();
1179 prefill_possible_map();
1184 io_apic_init_mappings();
1186 x86_init
.hyper
.guest_late_init();
1188 e820__reserve_resources();
1189 e820__register_nosave_regions(max_pfn
);
1191 x86_init
.resources
.reserve_resources();
1193 e820__setup_pci_gap();
1196 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1197 if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT
) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY
))
1198 conswitchp
= &vga_con
;
1201 x86_init
.oem
.banner();
1203 x86_init
.timers
.wallclock_init();
1206 * This needs to run before setup_local_APIC() which soft-disables the
1207 * local APIC temporarily and that masks the thermal LVT interrupt,
1208 * leading to softlockups on machines which have configured SMI
1209 * interrupt delivery.
1215 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE
);
1218 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT
))
1219 efi_apply_memmap_quirks();
1225 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1227 static struct resource video_ram_resource
= {
1228 .name
= "Video RAM area",
1231 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
1234 void __init
i386_reserve_resources(void)
1236 request_resource(&iomem_resource
, &video_ram_resource
);
1237 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1240 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */
1242 static struct notifier_block kernel_offset_notifier
= {
1243 .notifier_call
= dump_kernel_offset
1246 static int __init
register_kernel_offset_dumper(void)
1248 atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list
,
1249 &kernel_offset_notifier
);
1252 __initcall(register_kernel_offset_dumper
);