block/raw-format.c

   1 /* BlockDriver implementation for "raw" format driver
   2  *
   3  * Copyright (C) 2010-2016 Red Hat, Inc.
   4  * Copyright (C) 2010, Blue Swirl <blauwirbel@gmail.com>
   5  * Copyright (C) 2009, Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
   6  *
   7  * Author:
   8  *   Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
   9  *
  10  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  11  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
  12  * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
  13  * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
  14  * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  15  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  16  *
  17  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  18  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  19  *
  20  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  21  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  22  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  23  * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  24  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
  25  * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
  26  * IN THE SOFTWARE.
  27  */
  28
  29 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  30 #include "block/block_int.h"
  31 #include "qapi/error.h"
  32 #include "qemu/option.h"
  33
  34 typedef struct BDRVRawState {
  35     uint64_t offset;
  36     uint64_t size;
  37     bool has_size;
  38 } BDRVRawState;
  39
  40 static QemuOptsList raw_runtime_opts = {
  41     .name = "raw",
  42     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(raw_runtime_opts.head),
  43     .desc = {
  44         {
  45             .name = "offset",
  46             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
  47             .help = "offset in the disk where the image starts",
  48         },
  49         {
  50             .name = "size",
  51             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
  52             .help = "virtual disk size",
  53         },
  54         { /* end of list */ }
  55     },
  56 };
  57
  58 static QemuOptsList raw_create_opts = {
  59     .name = "raw-create-opts",
  60     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(raw_create_opts.head),
  61     .desc = {
  62         {
  63             .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
  64             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
  65             .help = "Virtual disk size"
  66         },
  67         { /* end of list */ }
  68     }
  69 };
  70
  71 static int raw_read_options(QDict *options, BlockDriverState *bs,
  72     BDRVRawState *s, Error **errp)
  73 {
  74     Error *local_err = NULL;
  75     QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
  76     int64_t real_size = 0;
  77     int ret;
  78
  79     real_size = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
  80     if (real_size < 0) {
  81         error_setg_errno(errp, -real_size, "Could not get image size");
  82         return real_size;
  83     }
  84
  85     opts = qemu_opts_create(&raw_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
  86     qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
  87     if (local_err) {
  88         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
  89         ret = -EINVAL;
  90         goto end;
  91     }
  92
  93     s->offset = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, "offset", 0);
  94     if (s->offset > real_size) {
  95         error_setg(errp, "Offset (%" PRIu64 ") cannot be greater than "
  96             "size of the containing file (%" PRId64 ")",
  97             s->offset, real_size);
  98         ret = -EINVAL;
  99         goto end;
 100     }
 101
 102     if (qemu_opt_find(opts, "size") != NULL) {
 103         s->size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, "size", 0);
 104         s->has_size = true;
 105     } else {
 106         s->has_size = false;
 107         s->size = real_size - s->offset;
 108     }
 109
 110     /* Check size and offset */
 111     if ((real_size - s->offset) < s->size) {
 112         error_setg(errp, "The sum of offset (%" PRIu64 ") and size "
 113             "(%" PRIu64 ") has to be smaller or equal to the "
 114             " actual size of the containing file (%" PRId64 ")",
 115             s->offset, s->size, real_size);
 116         ret = -EINVAL;
 117         goto end;
 118     }
 119
 120     /* Make sure size is multiple of BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE to prevent rounding
 121      * up and leaking out of the specified area. */
 122     if (s->has_size && !QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(s->size, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE)) {
 123         error_setg(errp, "Specified size is not multiple of %llu",
 124             BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
 125         ret = -EINVAL;
 126         goto end;
 127     }
 128
 129     ret = 0;
 130
 131 end:
 132
 133     qemu_opts_del(opts);
 134
 135     return ret;
 136 }
 137
 138 static int raw_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *reopen_state,
 139                               BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
 140 {
 141     assert(reopen_state != NULL);
 142     assert(reopen_state->bs != NULL);
 143
 144     reopen_state->opaque = g_new0(BDRVRawState, 1);
 145
 146     return raw_read_options(
 147         reopen_state->options,
 148         reopen_state->bs,
 149         reopen_state->opaque,
 150         errp);
 151 }
 152
 153 static void raw_reopen_commit(BDRVReopenState *state)
 154 {
 155     BDRVRawState *new_s = state->opaque;
 156     BDRVRawState *s = state->bs->opaque;
 157
 158     memcpy(s, new_s, sizeof(BDRVRawState));
 159
 160     g_free(state->opaque);
 161     state->opaque = NULL;
 162 }
 163
 164 static void raw_reopen_abort(BDRVReopenState *state)
 165 {
 166     g_free(state->opaque);
 167     state->opaque = NULL;
 168 }
 169
 170 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
 171                                       uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
 172                                       int flags)
 173 {
 174     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 175
 176     if (offset > UINT64_MAX - s->offset) {
 177         return -EINVAL;
 178     }
 179     offset += s->offset;
 180
 181     BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_AIO);
 182     return bdrv_co_preadv(bs->file, offset, bytes, qiov, flags);
 183 }
 184
 185 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_pwritev(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
 186                                        uint64_t bytes, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
 187                                        int flags)
 188 {
 189     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 190     void *buf = NULL;
 191     BlockDriver *drv;
 192     QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
 193     int ret;
 194
 195     if (s->has_size && (offset > s->size || bytes > (s->size - offset))) {
 196         /* There's not enough space for the data. Don't write anything and just
 197          * fail to prevent leaking out of the size specified in options. */
 198         return -ENOSPC;
 199     }
 200
 201     if (offset > UINT64_MAX - s->offset) {
 202         ret = -EINVAL;
 203         goto fail;
 204     }
 205
 206     if (bs->probed && offset < BLOCK_PROBE_BUF_SIZE && bytes) {
 207         /* Handling partial writes would be a pain - so we just
 208          * require that guests have 512-byte request alignment if
 209          * probing occurred */
 210         QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(BLOCK_PROBE_BUF_SIZE != 512);
 211         QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE != 512);
 212         assert(offset == 0 && bytes >= BLOCK_PROBE_BUF_SIZE);
 213
 214         buf = qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs, 512);
 215         if (!buf) {
 216             ret = -ENOMEM;
 217             goto fail;
 218         }
 219
 220         ret = qemu_iovec_to_buf(qiov, 0, buf, 512);
 221         if (ret != 512) {
 222             ret = -EINVAL;
 223             goto fail;
 224         }
 225
 226         drv = bdrv_probe_all(buf, 512, NULL);
 227         if (drv != bs->drv) {
 228             ret = -EPERM;
 229             goto fail;
 230         }
 231
 232         /* Use the checked buffer, a malicious guest might be overwriting its
 233          * original buffer in the background. */
 234         qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, qiov->niov + 1);
 235         qemu_iovec_add(&local_qiov, buf, 512);
 236         qemu_iovec_concat(&local_qiov, qiov, 512, qiov->size - 512);
 237         qiov = &local_qiov;
 238     }
 239
 240     offset += s->offset;
 241
 242     BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_AIO);
 243     ret = bdrv_co_pwritev(bs->file, offset, bytes, qiov, flags);
 244
 245 fail:
 246     if (qiov == &local_qiov) {
 247         qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
 248     }
 249     qemu_vfree(buf);
 250     return ret;
 251 }
 252
 253 static int64_t coroutine_fn raw_co_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
 254                                             int64_t sector_num,
 255                                             int nb_sectors, int *pnum,
 256                                             BlockDriverState **file)
 257 {
 258     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 259     *pnum = nb_sectors;
 260     *file = bs->file->bs;
 261     sector_num += s->offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
 262     return BDRV_BLOCK_RAW | BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID |
 263            (sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
 264 }
 265
 266 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_pwrite_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
 267                                              int64_t offset, int bytes,
 268                                              BdrvRequestFlags flags)
 269 {
 270     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 271     if (offset > UINT64_MAX - s->offset) {
 272         return -EINVAL;
 273     }
 274     offset += s->offset;
 275     return bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes(bs->file, offset, bytes, flags);
 276 }
 277
 278 static int coroutine_fn raw_co_pdiscard(BlockDriverState *bs,
 279                                         int64_t offset, int bytes)
 280 {
 281     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 282     if (offset > UINT64_MAX - s->offset) {
 283         return -EINVAL;
 284     }
 285     offset += s->offset;
 286     return bdrv_co_pdiscard(bs->file->bs, offset, bytes);
 287 }
 288
 289 static int64_t raw_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
 290 {
 291     int64_t len;
 292     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 293
 294     /* Update size. It should not change unless the file was externally
 295      * modified. */
 296     len = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
 297     if (len < 0) {
 298         return len;
 299     }
 300
 301     if (len < s->offset) {
 302         s->size = 0;
 303     } else {
 304         if (s->has_size) {
 305             /* Try to honour the size */
 306             s->size = MIN(s->size, len - s->offset);
 307         } else {
 308             s->size = len - s->offset;
 309         }
 310     }
 311
 312     return s->size;
 313 }
 314
 315 static BlockMeasureInfo *raw_measure(QemuOpts *opts, BlockDriverState *in_bs,
 316                                      Error **errp)
 317 {
 318     BlockMeasureInfo *info;
 319     int64_t required;
 320
 321     if (in_bs) {
 322         required = bdrv_getlength(in_bs);
 323         if (required < 0) {
 324             error_setg_errno(errp, -required, "Unable to get image size");
 325             return NULL;
 326         }
 327     } else {
 328         required = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
 329                             BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
 330     }
 331
 332     info = g_new(BlockMeasureInfo, 1);
 333     info->required = required;
 334
 335     /* Unallocated sectors count towards the file size in raw images */
 336     info->fully_allocated = info->required;
 337     return info;
 338 }
 339
 340 static int raw_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
 341 {
 342     return bdrv_get_info(bs->file->bs, bdi);
 343 }
 344
 345 static void raw_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
 346 {
 347     if (bs->probed) {
 348         /* To make it easier to protect the first sector, any probed
 349          * image is restricted to read-modify-write on sub-sector
 350          * operations. */
 351         bs->bl.request_alignment = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
 352     }
 353 }
 354
 355 static int raw_truncate(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset,
 356                         PreallocMode prealloc, Error **errp)
 357 {
 358     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 359
 360     if (s->has_size) {
 361         error_setg(errp, "Cannot resize fixed-size raw disks");
 362         return -ENOTSUP;
 363     }
 364
 365     if (INT64_MAX - offset < s->offset) {
 366         error_setg(errp, "Disk size too large for the chosen offset");
 367         return -EINVAL;
 368     }
 369
 370     s->size = offset;
 371     offset += s->offset;
 372     return bdrv_truncate(bs->file, offset, prealloc, errp);
 373 }
 374
 375 static int raw_media_changed(BlockDriverState *bs)
 376 {
 377     return bdrv_media_changed(bs->file->bs);
 378 }
 379
 380 static void raw_eject(BlockDriverState *bs, bool eject_flag)
 381 {
 382     bdrv_eject(bs->file->bs, eject_flag);
 383 }
 384
 385 static void raw_lock_medium(BlockDriverState *bs, bool locked)
 386 {
 387     bdrv_lock_medium(bs->file->bs, locked);
 388 }
 389
 390 static int raw_co_ioctl(BlockDriverState *bs, unsigned long int req, void *buf)
 391 {
 392     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 393     if (s->offset || s->has_size) {
 394         return -ENOTSUP;
 395     }
 396     return bdrv_co_ioctl(bs->file->bs, req, buf);
 397 }
 398
 399 static int raw_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
 400 {
 401     return bdrv_has_zero_init(bs->file->bs);
 402 }
 403
 404 static int raw_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
 405 {
 406     return bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, errp);
 407 }
 408
 409 static int raw_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
 410                     Error **errp)
 411 {
 412     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 413     int ret;
 414
 415     bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
 416                                false, errp);
 417     if (!bs->file) {
 418         return -EINVAL;
 419     }
 420
 421     bs->sg = bs->file->bs->sg;
 422     bs->supported_write_flags = BDRV_REQ_FUA &
 423         bs->file->bs->supported_write_flags;
 424     bs->supported_zero_flags = (BDRV_REQ_FUA | BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP) &
 425         bs->file->bs->supported_zero_flags;
 426
 427     if (bs->probed && !bdrv_is_read_only(bs)) {
 428         fprintf(stderr,
 429                 "WARNING: Image format was not specified for '%s' and probing "
 430                 "guessed raw.\n"
 431                 "         Automatically detecting the format is dangerous for "
 432                 "raw images, write operations on block 0 will be restricted.\n"
 433                 "         Specify the 'raw' format explicitly to remove the "
 434                 "restrictions.\n",
 435                 bs->file->bs->filename);
 436     }
 437
 438     ret = raw_read_options(options, bs, s, errp);
 439     if (ret < 0) {
 440         return ret;
 441     }
 442
 443     if (bs->sg && (s->offset || s->has_size)) {
 444         error_setg(errp, "Cannot use offset/size with SCSI generic devices");
 445         return -EINVAL;
 446     }
 447
 448     return 0;
 449 }
 450
 451 static void raw_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
 452 {
 453 }
 454
 455 static int raw_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
 456 {
 457     /* smallest possible positive score so that raw is used if and only if no
 458      * other block driver works
 459      */
 460     return 1;
 461 }
 462
 463 static int raw_probe_blocksizes(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockSizes *bsz)
 464 {
 465     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 466     int ret;
 467
 468     ret = bdrv_probe_blocksizes(bs->file->bs, bsz);
 469     if (ret < 0) {
 470         return ret;
 471     }
 472
 473     if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(s->offset, MAX(bsz->log, bsz->phys))) {
 474         return -ENOTSUP;
 475     }
 476
 477     return 0;
 478 }
 479
 480 static int raw_probe_geometry(BlockDriverState *bs, HDGeometry *geo)
 481 {
 482     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
 483     if (s->offset || s->has_size) {
 484         return -ENOTSUP;
 485     }
 486     return bdrv_probe_geometry(bs->file->bs, geo);
 487 }
 488
 489 BlockDriver bdrv_raw = {
 490     .format_name          = "raw",
 491     .instance_size        = sizeof(BDRVRawState),
 492     .bdrv_probe           = &raw_probe,
 493     .bdrv_reopen_prepare  = &raw_reopen_prepare,
 494     .bdrv_reopen_commit   = &raw_reopen_commit,
 495     .bdrv_reopen_abort    = &raw_reopen_abort,
 496     .bdrv_open            = &raw_open,
 497     .bdrv_close           = &raw_close,
 498     .bdrv_child_perm      = bdrv_filter_default_perms,
 499     .bdrv_create          = &raw_create,
 500     .bdrv_co_preadv       = &raw_co_preadv,
 501     .bdrv_co_pwritev      = &raw_co_pwritev,
 502     .bdrv_co_pwrite_zeroes = &raw_co_pwrite_zeroes,
 503     .bdrv_co_pdiscard     = &raw_co_pdiscard,
 504     .bdrv_co_get_block_status = &raw_co_get_block_status,
 505     .bdrv_truncate        = &raw_truncate,
 506     .bdrv_getlength       = &raw_getlength,
 507     .has_variable_length  = true,
 508     .bdrv_measure         = &raw_measure,
 509     .bdrv_get_info        = &raw_get_info,
 510     .bdrv_refresh_limits  = &raw_refresh_limits,
 511     .bdrv_probe_blocksizes = &raw_probe_blocksizes,
 512     .bdrv_probe_geometry  = &raw_probe_geometry,
 513     .bdrv_media_changed   = &raw_media_changed,
 514     .bdrv_eject           = &raw_eject,
 515     .bdrv_lock_medium     = &raw_lock_medium,
 516     .bdrv_co_ioctl        = &raw_co_ioctl,
 517     .create_opts          = &raw_create_opts,
 518     .bdrv_has_zero_init   = &raw_has_zero_init
 519 };
 520
 521 static void bdrv_raw_init(void)
 522 {
 523     bdrv_register(&bdrv_raw);
 524 }
 525
 526 block_init(bdrv_raw_init);