docs/config/q35-virtio-graphical.cfg

   1 # q35 - VirtIO guest (graphical console)
   2 # =========================================================
   3 #
   4 # Usage:
   5 #
   6 #   $ qemu-system-x86_64 \
   7 #     -nodefaults \
   8 #     -readconfig q35-virtio-graphical.cfg
   9 #
  10 # You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
  11 # CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
  12 #
  13 # The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices
  14 # tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,
  15 # and will be accessed through a graphical console.
  16 #
  17 # ---------------------------------------------------------
  18 #
  19 # Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
  20 # the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
  21 # populate the board with only the builtin peripherals
  22 # plus a small selection of core PCI devices and
  23 # controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add
  24 # further devices.
  25 #
  26 # The core PCI devices show up in the guest as:
  27 #
  28 #   00:00.0 Host bridge
  29 #   00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC
  30 #   00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller
  31 #   00:1f.3 SMBus controller
  32 #
  33 # This configuration file adds a number of other useful
  34 # devices, more specifically:
  35 #
  36 #   00:01.0 VGA compatible controller
  37 #   00:1b.0 Audio device
  38 #   00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
  39 #   01:00.0 SCSI storage controller
  40 #   02:00.0 Ethernet controller
  41 #   03:00.0 USB controller
  42 #
  43 # More information about these devices is available below.
  44
  45
  46 # Machine options
  47 # =========================================================
  48 #
  49 # We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration
  50 # for better performance.
  51 #
  52 # Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
  53 # yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
  54 # to obscure boot issues in some cases.
  55
  56 [machine]
  57   type = "q35"
  58
  59 [accel]
  60   accel = "kvm"
  61
  62 [memory]
  63   size = "1024"
  64
  65
  66 # PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
  67 # =========================================================
  68 #
  69 # We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them
  70 # all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of
  71 # them will be used by devices, the rest will remain
  72 # available for hotplug.
  73
  74 [device "pcie.1"]
  75   driver = "pcie-root-port"
  76   bus = "pcie.0"
  77   addr = "1c.0"
  78   port = "1"
  79   chassis = "1"
  80   multifunction = "on"
  81
  82 [device "pcie.2"]
  83   driver = "pcie-root-port"
  84   bus = "pcie.0"
  85   addr = "1c.1"
  86   port = "2"
  87   chassis = "2"
  88
  89 [device "pcie.3"]
  90   driver = "pcie-root-port"
  91   bus = "pcie.0"
  92   addr = "1c.2"
  93   port = "3"
  94   chassis = "3"
  95
  96 [device "pcie.4"]
  97   driver = "pcie-root-port"
  98   bus = "pcie.0"
  99   addr = "1c.3"
 100   port = "4"
 101   chassis = "4"
 102
 103 [device "pcie.5"]
 104   driver = "pcie-root-port"
 105   bus = "pcie.0"
 106   addr = "1c.4"
 107   port = "5"
 108   chassis = "5"
 109
 110 [device "pcie.6"]
 111   driver = "pcie-root-port"
 112   bus = "pcie.0"
 113   addr = "1c.5"
 114   port = "6"
 115   chassis = "6"
 116
 117 [device "pcie.7"]
 118   driver = "pcie-root-port"
 119   bus = "pcie.0"
 120   addr = "1c.6"
 121   port = "7"
 122   chassis = "7"
 123
 124 [device "pcie.8"]
 125   driver = "pcie-root-port"
 126   bus = "pcie.0"
 127   addr = "1c.7"
 128   port = "8"
 129   chassis = "8"
 130
 131
 132 # SCSI storage controller (and storage)
 133 # =========================================================
 134 #
 135 # We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large
 136 # number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,
 137 # backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is
 138 # attached to it.
 139 #
 140 # We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
 141 # purposes: once the guest OS has been successfully
 142 # installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
 143 # media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
 144 # optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
 145 # all relevant sections below.
 146
 147 [device "scsi"]
 148   driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"
 149   bus = "pcie.1"
 150   addr = "00.0"
 151
 152 [device "scsi-disk"]
 153   driver = "scsi-hd"
 154   bus = "scsi.0"
 155   drive = "disk"
 156   bootindex = "1"
 157
 158 [drive "disk"]
 159   file = "guest.qcow2"                          # CHANGE ME
 160   format = "qcow2"
 161   if = "none"
 162
 163 [device "scsi-optical-disk"]
 164   driver = "scsi-cd"
 165   bus = "scsi.0"
 166   drive = "optical-disk"
 167   bootindex = "2"
 168
 169 [drive "optical-disk"]
 170   file = "install.iso"                          # CHANGE ME
 171   format = "raw"
 172   if = "none"
 173
 174
 175 # Ethernet controller
 176 # =========================================================
 177 #
 178 # We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated
 179 # hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user
 180 # networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any
 181 # additional privileges.
 182
 183 [netdev "hostnet"]
 184   type = "user"
 185
 186 [device "net"]
 187   driver = "virtio-net-pci"
 188   netdev = "hostnet"
 189   bus = "pcie.2"
 190   addr = "00.0"
 191
 192
 193 # USB controller (and input devices)
 194 # =========================================================
 195 #
 196 # We add a virtualization-friendly USB 3.0 controller and
 197 # a USB tablet so that graphical guests can be controlled
 198 # appropriately. A USB keyboard is not needed, as q35
 199 # guests get a PS/2 one added automatically.
 200
 201 [device "usb"]
 202   driver = "nec-usb-xhci"
 203   bus = "pcie.3"
 204   addr = "00.0"
 205
 206 [device "tablet"]
 207   driver = "usb-tablet"
 208   bus = "usb.0"
 209
 210
 211 # VGA compatible controller
 212 # =========================================================
 213 #
 214 # We plug the QXL video card directly into the PCI Express
 215 # Root Bus as it is a legacy PCI device; this way, we can
 216 # reduce the number of PCI Express controllers in the
 217 # guest.
 218 #
 219 # If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially
 220 # headless host, you will probably want to append something
 221 # like
 222 #
 223 #   -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0
 224 #
 225 # to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from
 226 # creating a graphical display window on the host and
 227 # enable remote access instead.
 228
 229 [device "video"]
 230   driver = "qxl-vga"
 231   bus = "pcie.0"
 232   addr = "01.0"
 233
 234
 235 # Audio device
 236 # =========================================================
 237 #
 238 # Like the video card, the sound card is a legacy PCI
 239 # device and as such can be plugged directly into the PCI
 240 # Express Root Bus.
 241
 242 [device "sound"]
 243   driver = "ich9-intel-hda"
 244   bus = "pcie.0"
 245   addr = "1b.0"
 246
 247 [device "duplex"]
 248   driver = "hda-duplex"
 249   bus = "sound.0"
 250   cad = "0"