docs/q35-virtio-graphical.cfg

   1 # q35 - VirtIO guest (graphical console)
   2 # =========================================================
   3 #
   4 # Usage:
   5 #
   6 #   $ qemu-system-x86_64 \
   7 #     -nodefaults \
   8 #     -readconfig q35-virtio-graphical.cfg
   9 #
  10 # You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
  11 # CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
  12 #
  13 # The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices
  14 # tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,
  15 # and will be accessed through a graphical console.
  16 #
  17 # ---------------------------------------------------------
  18 #
  19 # Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
  20 # the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
  21 # populate the board with only the builtin peripherals
  22 # plus a small selection of core PCI devices and
  23 # controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add
  24 # further devices.
  25 #
  26 # The core PCI devices show up in the guest as:
  27 #
  28 #   00:00.0 Host bridge
  29 #   00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC
  30 #   00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller
  31 #   00:1f.3 SMBus controller
  32 #
  33 # This configuration file adds a number of other useful
  34 # devices, more specifically:
  35 #
  36 #   00:01.0 VGA compatible controller
  37 #   00:1b.0 Audio device
  38 #   00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
  39 #   01:00.0 SCSI storage controller
  40 #   02:00.0 Ethernet controller
  41 #   03:00.0 USB controller
  42 #
  43 # More information about these devices is available below.
  44
  45
  46 # Machine options
  47 # =========================================================
  48 #
  49 # We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration
  50 # for better performance.
  51 #
  52 # Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
  53 # yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
  54 # to obscure boot issues in some cases.
  55
  56 [machine]
  57   type = "q35"
  58   accel = "kvm"
  59
  60 [memory]
  61   size = "1024"
  62
  63
  64 # PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
  65 # =========================================================
  66 #
  67 # We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them
  68 # all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of
  69 # them will be used by devices, the rest will remain
  70 # available for hotplug.
  71
  72 [device "pcie.1"]
  73   driver = "pcie-root-port"
  74   bus = "pcie.0"
  75   addr = "1c.0"
  76   port = "1"
  77   chassis = "1"
  78   multifunction = "on"
  79
  80 [device "pcie.2"]
  81   driver = "pcie-root-port"
  82   bus = "pcie.0"
  83   addr = "1c.1"
  84   port = "2"
  85   chassis = "2"
  86
  87 [device "pcie.3"]
  88   driver = "pcie-root-port"
  89   bus = "pcie.0"
  90   addr = "1c.2"
  91   port = "3"
  92   chassis = "3"
  93
  94 [device "pcie.4"]
  95   driver = "pcie-root-port"
  96   bus = "pcie.0"
  97   addr = "1c.3"
  98   port = "4"
  99   chassis = "4"
 100
 101 [device "pcie.5"]
 102   driver = "pcie-root-port"
 103   bus = "pcie.0"
 104   addr = "1c.4"
 105   port = "5"
 106   chassis = "5"
 107
 108 [device "pcie.6"]
 109   driver = "pcie-root-port"
 110   bus = "pcie.0"
 111   addr = "1c.5"
 112   port = "6"
 113   chassis = "6"
 114
 115 [device "pcie.7"]
 116   driver = "pcie-root-port"
 117   bus = "pcie.0"
 118   addr = "1c.6"
 119   port = "7"
 120   chassis = "7"
 121
 122 [device "pcie.8"]
 123   driver = "pcie-root-port"
 124   bus = "pcie.0"
 125   addr = "1c.7"
 126   port = "8"
 127   chassis = "8"
 128
 129
 130 # SCSI storage controller (and storage)
 131 # =========================================================
 132 #
 133 # We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large
 134 # number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,
 135 # backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is
 136 # attached to it.
 137 #
 138 # We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
 139 # purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully
 140 # installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
 141 # media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
 142 # optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
 143 # all relevant sections below.
 144
 145 [device "scsi"]
 146   driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"
 147   bus = "pcie.1"
 148   addr = "00.0"
 149
 150 [device "scsi-disk"]
 151   driver = "scsi-hd"
 152   bus = "scsi.0"
 153   drive = "disk"
 154   bootindex = "1"
 155
 156 [drive "disk"]
 157   file = "guest.qcow2"                          # CHANGE ME
 158   format = "qcow2"
 159   if = "none"
 160
 161 [device "scsi-optical-disk"]
 162   driver = "scsi-cd"
 163   bus = "scsi.0"
 164   drive = "optical-disk"
 165   bootindex = "2"
 166
 167 [drive "optical-disk"]
 168   file = "install.iso"                          # CHANGE ME
 169   format = "raw"
 170   if = "none"
 171
 172
 173 # Ethernet controller
 174 # =========================================================
 175 #
 176 # We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated
 177 # hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user
 178 # networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any
 179 # additional privileges.
 180
 181 [netdev "hostnet"]
 182   type = "user"
 183
 184 [device "net"]
 185   driver = "virtio-net-pci"
 186   netdev = "hostnet"
 187   bus = "pcie.2"
 188   addr = "00.0"
 189
 190
 191 # USB controller (and input devices)
 192 # =========================================================
 193 #
 194 # We add a virtualization-friendly USB 3.0 controller and
 195 # a USB tablet so that graphical guests can be controlled
 196 # appropriately. A USB keyboard is not needed, as q35
 197 # guests get a PS/2 one added automatically.
 198
 199 [device "usb"]
 200   driver = "nec-usb-xhci"
 201   bus = "pcie.3"
 202   addr = "00.0"
 203
 204 [device "tablet"]
 205   driver = "usb-tablet"
 206   bus = "usb.0"
 207
 208
 209 # VGA compatible controller
 210 # =========================================================
 211 #
 212 # We plug the QXL video card directly into the PCI Express
 213 # Root Bus as it is a legacy PCI device; this way, we can
 214 # reduce the number of PCI Express controllers in the
 215 # guest.
 216 #
 217 # If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially
 218 # headless host, you will probably want to append something
 219 # like
 220 #
 221 #   -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0
 222 #
 223 # to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from
 224 # creating a graphical display window on the host and
 225 # enable remote access instead.
 226
 227 [device "video"]
 228   driver = "qxl-vga"
 229   bus = "pcie.0"
 230   addr = "01.0"
 231
 232
 233 # Audio device
 234 # =========================================================
 235 #
 236 # Like the video card, the sound card is a legacy PCI
 237 # device and as such can be plugged directly into the PCI
 238 # Express Root Bus.
 239
 240 [device "sound"]
 241   driver = "ich9-intel-hda"
 242   bus = "pcie.0"
 243   addr = "1b.0"
 244
 245 [device "duplex"]
 246   driver = "hda-duplex"
 247   bus = "sound.0"
 248   cad = "0"