docs/system/arm/bananapi_m2u.rst

   1 Banana Pi BPI-M2U (``bpim2u``)
   2 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   3
   4 Banana Pi BPI-M2 Ultra is a quad-core mini single board computer built with
   5 Allwinner A40i/R40/V40 SoC. It features 2GB of RAM and 8GB eMMC. It also
   6 has onboard WiFi and BT. On the ports side, the BPI-M2 Ultra has 2 USB A
   7 2.0 ports, 1 USB OTG port, 1 HDMI port, 1 audio jack, a DC power port,
   8 and last but not least, a SATA port.
   9
  10 Supported devices
  11 """""""""""""""""
  12
  13 The Banana Pi M2U machine supports the following devices:
  14
  15  * SMP (Quad Core Cortex-A7)
  16  * Generic Interrupt Controller configuration
  17  * SRAM mappings
  18  * SDRAM controller
  19  * Timer device (re-used from Allwinner A10)
  20  * UART
  21  * SD/MMC storage controller
  22  * EMAC ethernet
  23  * GMAC ethernet
  24  * Clock Control Unit
  25  * TWI (I2C)
  26
  27 Limitations
  28 """""""""""
  29
  30 Currently, Banana Pi M2U does *not* support the following features:
  31
  32 - Graphical output via HDMI, GPU and/or the Display Engine
  33 - Audio output
  34 - Hardware Watchdog
  35 - Real Time Clock
  36 - USB 2.0 interfaces
  37
  38 Also see the 'unimplemented' array in the Allwinner R40 SoC module
  39 for a complete list of unimplemented I/O devices: ``./hw/arm/allwinner-r40.c``
  40
  41 Boot options
  42 """"""""""""
  43
  44 The Banana Pi M2U machine can start using the standard -kernel functionality
  45 for loading a Linux kernel or ELF executable. Additionally, the Banana Pi M2U
  46 machine can also emulate the BootROM which is present on an actual Allwinner R40
  47 based SoC, which loads the bootloader from a SD card, specified via the -sd
  48 argument to qemu-system-arm.
  49
  50 Running mainline Linux
  51 """"""""""""""""""""""
  52
  53 To build a Linux mainline kernel that can be booted by the Banana Pi M2U machine,
  54 simply configure the kernel using the sunxi_defconfig configuration:
  55
  56 .. code-block:: bash
  57
  58   $ ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- make mrproper
  59   $ ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- make sunxi_defconfig
  60
  61 To boot the newly build linux kernel in QEMU with the Banana Pi M2U machine, use:
  62
  63 .. code-block:: bash
  64
  65   $ qemu-system-arm -M bpim2u -nographic \
  66       -kernel /path/to/linux/arch/arm/boot/zImage \
  67       -append 'console=ttyS0,115200' \
  68       -dtb /path/to/linux/arch/arm/boot/dts/sun8i-r40-bananapi-m2-ultra.dtb
  69
  70 Banana Pi M2U images
  71 """"""""""""""""""""
  72
  73 Note that the mainline kernel does not have a root filesystem. You can choose
  74 to build you own image with buildroot using the bananapi_m2_ultra_defconfig.
  75 Also see https://buildroot.org for more information.
  76
  77 Another possibility is to run an OpenWrt image for Banana Pi M2U which
  78 can be downloaded from:
  79
  80    https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/22.03.3/targets/sunxi/cortexa7/
  81
  82 When using an image as an SD card, it must be resized to a power of two. This can be
  83 done with the ``qemu-img`` command. It is recommended to only increase the image size
  84 instead of shrinking it to a power of two, to avoid loss of data. For example,
  85 to prepare a downloaded Armbian image, first extract it and then increase
  86 its size to one gigabyte as follows:
  87
  88 .. code-block:: bash
  89
  90   $ qemu-img resize \
  91     openwrt-22.03.3-sunxi-cortexa7-sinovoip_bananapi-m2-ultra-ext4-sdcard.img \
  92     1G
  93
  94 Instead of providing a custom Linux kernel via the -kernel command you may also
  95 choose to let the Banana Pi M2U machine load the bootloader from SD card, just like
  96 a real board would do using the BootROM. Simply pass the selected image via the -sd
  97 argument and remove the -kernel, -append, -dbt and -initrd arguments:
  98
  99 .. code-block:: bash
 100
 101   $ qemu-system-arm -M bpim2u -nic user -nographic \
 102     -sd openwrt-22.03.3-sunxi-cortexa7-sinovoip_bananapi-m2-ultra-ext4-sdcard.img
 103
 104 Running U-Boot
 105 """"""""""""""
 106
 107 U-Boot mainline can be build and configured using the Bananapi_M2_Ultra_defconfig
 108 using similar commands as describe above for Linux. Note that it is recommended
 109 for development/testing to select the following configuration setting in U-Boot:
 110
 111   Device Tree Control > Provider for DTB for DT Control > Embedded DTB
 112
 113 The BootROM of allwinner R40 loading u-boot from the 8KiB offset of sdcard.
 114 Let's create an bootable disk image:
 115
 116 .. code-block:: bash
 117
 118   $ dd if=/dev/zero of=sd.img bs=32M count=1
 119   $ dd if=u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin of=sd.img bs=1k seek=8 conv=notrunc
 120
 121 And then boot it.
 122
 123 .. code-block:: bash
 124
 125   $ qemu-system-arm -M bpim2u -nographic -sd sd.img
 126
 127 Banana Pi M2U integration tests
 128 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 129
 130 The Banana Pi M2U machine has several integration tests included.
 131 To run the whole set of tests, build QEMU from source and simply
 132 provide the following command:
 133
 134 .. code-block:: bash
 135
 136   $ cd qemu-build-dir
 137   $ AVOCADO_ALLOW_LARGE_STORAGE=yes tests/venv/bin/avocado \
 138     --verbose --show=app,console run -t machine:bpim2u \
 139     ../tests/avocado/boot_linux_console.py