[mirror_ubuntu-jammy-kernel.git] / drivers / block / zram / zram_drv.c

/*
 * Compressed RAM block device
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2008, 2009, 2010  Nitin Gupta
 *               2012, 2013 Minchan Kim
 *
 * This code is released using a dual license strategy: BSD/GPL
 * You can choose the licence that better fits your requirements.
 *
 * Released under the terms of 3-clause BSD License
 * Released under the terms of GNU General Public License Version 2.0
 *
 */

#define KMSG_COMPONENT "zram"
#define pr_fmt(fmt) KMSG_COMPONENT ": " fmt

#ifdef CONFIG_ZRAM_DEBUG
#define DEBUG
#endif

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/bio.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/genhd.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/err.h>

#include "zram_drv.h"

/* Globals */
static int zram_major;
static struct zram *zram_devices;
static const char *default_compressor = "lzo";

/* Module params (documentation at end) */
static unsigned int num_devices = 1;

#define ZRAM_ATTR_RO(name)                                              \
static ssize_t zram_attr_##name##_show(struct device *d,                \
                                struct device_attribute *attr, char *b) \
{                                                                       \
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(d);                             \
        return scnprintf(b, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n",                        \
                (u64)atomic64_read(&zram->stats.name));                 \
}                                                                       \
static struct device_attribute dev_attr_##name =                        \
        __ATTR(name, S_IRUGO, zram_attr_##name##_show, NULL);

static inline int init_done(struct zram *zram)
{
        return zram->meta != NULL;
}

static inline struct zram *dev_to_zram(struct device *dev)
{
        return (struct zram *)dev_to_disk(dev)->private_data;
}

static ssize_t disksize_show(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);

        return scnprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n", zram->disksize);
}

static ssize_t initstate_show(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        u32 val;
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);

        down_read(&zram->init_lock);
        val = init_done(zram);
        up_read(&zram->init_lock);

        return scnprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n", val);
}

static ssize_t orig_data_size_show(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);

        return scnprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n",
                (u64)(atomic64_read(&zram->stats.pages_stored)) << PAGE_SHIFT);
}

static ssize_t mem_used_total_show(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        u64 val = 0;
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);
        struct zram_meta *meta = zram->meta;

        down_read(&zram->init_lock);
        if (init_done(zram))
                val = zs_get_total_size_bytes(meta->mem_pool);
        up_read(&zram->init_lock);

        return scnprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n", val);
}

static ssize_t max_comp_streams_show(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        int val;
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);

        down_read(&zram->init_lock);
        val = zram->max_comp_streams;
        up_read(&zram->init_lock);

        return scnprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%d\n", val);
}

static ssize_t max_comp_streams_store(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t len)
{
        int num;
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);
        int ret;

        ret = kstrtoint(buf, 0, &num);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
        if (num < 1)
                return -EINVAL;

        down_write(&zram->init_lock);
        if (init_done(zram)) {
                if (!zcomp_set_max_streams(zram->comp, num)) {
                        pr_info("Cannot change max compression streams\n");
                        ret = -EINVAL;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        zram->max_comp_streams = num;
        ret = len;
out:
        up_write(&zram->init_lock);
        return ret;
}

static ssize_t comp_algorithm_show(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
        size_t sz;
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);

        down_read(&zram->init_lock);
        sz = zcomp_available_show(zram->compressor, buf);
        up_read(&zram->init_lock);

        return sz;
}

static ssize_t comp_algorithm_store(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t len)
{
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);
        down_write(&zram->init_lock);
        if (init_done(zram)) {
                up_write(&zram->init_lock);
                pr_info("Can't change algorithm for initialized device\n");
                return -EBUSY;
        }
        strlcpy(zram->compressor, buf, sizeof(zram->compressor));
        up_write(&zram->init_lock);
        return len;
}

/* flag operations needs meta->tb_lock */
static int zram_test_flag(struct zram_meta *meta, u32 index,
                        enum zram_pageflags flag)
{
        return meta->table[index].flags & BIT(flag);
}

static void zram_set_flag(struct zram_meta *meta, u32 index,
                        enum zram_pageflags flag)
{
        meta->table[index].flags |= BIT(flag);
}

static void zram_clear_flag(struct zram_meta *meta, u32 index,
                        enum zram_pageflags flag)
{
        meta->table[index].flags &= ~BIT(flag);
}

static inline int is_partial_io(struct bio_vec *bvec)
{
        return bvec->bv_len != PAGE_SIZE;
}

/*
 * Check if request is within bounds and aligned on zram logical blocks.
 */
static inline int valid_io_request(struct zram *zram, struct bio *bio)
{
        u64 start, end, bound;

        /* unaligned request */
        if (unlikely(bio->bi_iter.bi_sector &
                     (ZRAM_SECTOR_PER_LOGICAL_BLOCK - 1)))
                return 0;
        if (unlikely(bio->bi_iter.bi_size & (ZRAM_LOGICAL_BLOCK_SIZE - 1)))
                return 0;

        start = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
        end = start + (bio->bi_iter.bi_size >> SECTOR_SHIFT);
        bound = zram->disksize >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
        /* out of range range */
        if (unlikely(start >= bound || end > bound || start > end))
                return 0;

        /* I/O request is valid */
        return 1;
}

static void zram_meta_free(struct zram_meta *meta)
{
        zs_destroy_pool(meta->mem_pool);
        vfree(meta->table);
        kfree(meta);
}

static struct zram_meta *zram_meta_alloc(u64 disksize)
{
        size_t num_pages;
        struct zram_meta *meta = kmalloc(sizeof(*meta), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!meta)
                goto out;

        num_pages = disksize >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        meta->table = vzalloc(num_pages * sizeof(*meta->table));
        if (!meta->table) {
                pr_err("Error allocating zram address table\n");
                goto free_meta;
        }

        meta->mem_pool = zs_create_pool(GFP_NOIO | __GFP_HIGHMEM);
        if (!meta->mem_pool) {
                pr_err("Error creating memory pool\n");
                goto free_table;
        }

        rwlock_init(&meta->tb_lock);
        return meta;

free_table:
        vfree(meta->table);
free_meta:
        kfree(meta);
        meta = NULL;
out:
        return meta;
}

static void update_position(u32 *index, int *offset, struct bio_vec *bvec)
{
        if (*offset + bvec->bv_len >= PAGE_SIZE)
                (*index)++;
        *offset = (*offset + bvec->bv_len) % PAGE_SIZE;
}

static int page_zero_filled(void *ptr)
{
        unsigned int pos;
        unsigned long *page;

        page = (unsigned long *)ptr;

        for (pos = 0; pos != PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(*page); pos++) {
                if (page[pos])
                        return 0;
        }

        return 1;
}

static void handle_zero_page(struct bio_vec *bvec)
{
        struct page *page = bvec->bv_page;
        void *user_mem;

        user_mem = kmap_atomic(page);
        if (is_partial_io(bvec))
                memset(user_mem + bvec->bv_offset, 0, bvec->bv_len);
        else
                clear_page(user_mem);
        kunmap_atomic(user_mem);

        flush_dcache_page(page);
}

/* NOTE: caller should hold meta->tb_lock with write-side */
static void zram_free_page(struct zram *zram, size_t index)
{
        struct zram_meta *meta = zram->meta;
        unsigned long handle = meta->table[index].handle;

        if (unlikely(!handle)) {
                /*
                 * No memory is allocated for zero filled pages.
                 * Simply clear zero page flag.
                 */
                if (zram_test_flag(meta, index, ZRAM_ZERO)) {
                        zram_clear_flag(meta, index, ZRAM_ZERO);
                        atomic64_dec(&zram->stats.zero_pages);
                }
                return;
        }

        zs_free(meta->mem_pool, handle);

        atomic64_sub(meta->table[index].size, &zram->stats.compr_data_size);
        atomic64_dec(&zram->stats.pages_stored);

        meta->table[index].handle = 0;
        meta->table[index].size = 0;
}

static int zram_decompress_page(struct zram *zram, char *mem, u32 index)
{
        int ret = 0;
        unsigned char *cmem;
        struct zram_meta *meta = zram->meta;
        unsigned long handle;
        size_t size;

        read_lock(&meta->tb_lock);
        handle = meta->table[index].handle;
        size = meta->table[index].size;

        if (!handle || zram_test_flag(meta, index, ZRAM_ZERO)) {
                read_unlock(&meta->tb_lock);
                clear_page(mem);
                return 0;
        }

        cmem = zs_map_object(meta->mem_pool, handle, ZS_MM_RO);
        if (size == PAGE_SIZE)
                copy_page(mem, cmem);
        else
                ret = zcomp_decompress(zram->comp, cmem, size, mem);
        zs_unmap_object(meta->mem_pool, handle);
        read_unlock(&meta->tb_lock);

        /* Should NEVER happen. Return bio error if it does. */
        if (unlikely(ret)) {
                pr_err("Decompression failed! err=%d, page=%u\n", ret, index);
                atomic64_inc(&zram->stats.failed_reads);
                return ret;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int zram_bvec_read(struct zram *zram, struct bio_vec *bvec,
                          u32 index, int offset, struct bio *bio)
{
        int ret;
        struct page *page;
        unsigned char *user_mem, *uncmem = NULL;
        struct zram_meta *meta = zram->meta;
        page = bvec->bv_page;

        read_lock(&meta->tb_lock);
        if (unlikely(!meta->table[index].handle) ||
                        zram_test_flag(meta, index, ZRAM_ZERO)) {
                read_unlock(&meta->tb_lock);
                handle_zero_page(bvec);
                return 0;
        }
        read_unlock(&meta->tb_lock);

        if (is_partial_io(bvec))
                /* Use  a temporary buffer to decompress the page */
                uncmem = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_NOIO);

        user_mem = kmap_atomic(page);
        if (!is_partial_io(bvec))
                uncmem = user_mem;

        if (!uncmem) {
                pr_info("Unable to allocate temp memory\n");
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto out_cleanup;
        }

        ret = zram_decompress_page(zram, uncmem, index);
        /* Should NEVER happen. Return bio error if it does. */
        if (unlikely(ret))
                goto out_cleanup;

        if (is_partial_io(bvec))
                memcpy(user_mem + bvec->bv_offset, uncmem + offset,
                                bvec->bv_len);

        flush_dcache_page(page);
        ret = 0;
out_cleanup:
        kunmap_atomic(user_mem);
        if (is_partial_io(bvec))
                kfree(uncmem);
        return ret;
}

static int zram_bvec_write(struct zram *zram, struct bio_vec *bvec, u32 index,
                           int offset)
{
        int ret = 0;
        size_t clen;
        unsigned long handle;
        struct page *page;
        unsigned char *user_mem, *cmem, *src, *uncmem = NULL;
        struct zram_meta *meta = zram->meta;
        struct zcomp_strm *zstrm;
        bool locked = false;

        page = bvec->bv_page;
        if (is_partial_io(bvec)) {
                /*
                 * This is a partial IO. We need to read the full page
                 * before to write the changes.
                 */
                uncmem = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_NOIO);
                if (!uncmem) {
                        ret = -ENOMEM;
                        goto out;
                }
                ret = zram_decompress_page(zram, uncmem, index);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
        }

        zstrm = zcomp_strm_find(zram->comp);
        locked = true;
        user_mem = kmap_atomic(page);

        if (is_partial_io(bvec)) {
                memcpy(uncmem + offset, user_mem + bvec->bv_offset,
                       bvec->bv_len);
                kunmap_atomic(user_mem);
                user_mem = NULL;
        } else {
                uncmem = user_mem;
        }

        if (page_zero_filled(uncmem)) {
                kunmap_atomic(user_mem);
                /* Free memory associated with this sector now. */
                write_lock(&zram->meta->tb_lock);
                zram_free_page(zram, index);
                zram_set_flag(meta, index, ZRAM_ZERO);
                write_unlock(&zram->meta->tb_lock);

                atomic64_inc(&zram->stats.zero_pages);
                ret = 0;
                goto out;
        }

        ret = zcomp_compress(zram->comp, zstrm, uncmem, &clen);
        if (!is_partial_io(bvec)) {
                kunmap_atomic(user_mem);
                user_mem = NULL;
                uncmem = NULL;
        }

        if (unlikely(ret)) {
                pr_err("Compression failed! err=%d\n", ret);
                goto out;
        }
        src = zstrm->buffer;
        if (unlikely(clen > max_zpage_size)) {
                clen = PAGE_SIZE;
                if (is_partial_io(bvec))
                        src = uncmem;
        }

        handle = zs_malloc(meta->mem_pool, clen);
        if (!handle) {
                pr_info("Error allocating memory for compressed page: %u, size=%zu\n",
                        index, clen);
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto out;
        }
        cmem = zs_map_object(meta->mem_pool, handle, ZS_MM_WO);

        if ((clen == PAGE_SIZE) && !is_partial_io(bvec)) {
                src = kmap_atomic(page);
                copy_page(cmem, src);
                kunmap_atomic(src);
        } else {
                memcpy(cmem, src, clen);
        }

        zcomp_strm_release(zram->comp, zstrm);
        locked = false;
        zs_unmap_object(meta->mem_pool, handle);

        /*
         * Free memory associated with this sector
         * before overwriting unused sectors.
         */
        write_lock(&zram->meta->tb_lock);
        zram_free_page(zram, index);

        meta->table[index].handle = handle;
        meta->table[index].size = clen;
        write_unlock(&zram->meta->tb_lock);

        /* Update stats */
        atomic64_add(clen, &zram->stats.compr_data_size);
        atomic64_inc(&zram->stats.pages_stored);
out:
        if (locked)
                zcomp_strm_release(zram->comp, zstrm);
        if (is_partial_io(bvec))
                kfree(uncmem);
        if (ret)
                atomic64_inc(&zram->stats.failed_writes);
        return ret;
}

static int zram_bvec_rw(struct zram *zram, struct bio_vec *bvec, u32 index,
                        int offset, struct bio *bio)
{
        int ret;
        int rw = bio_data_dir(bio);

        if (rw == READ) {
                atomic64_inc(&zram->stats.num_reads);
                ret = zram_bvec_read(zram, bvec, index, offset, bio);
        } else {
                atomic64_inc(&zram->stats.num_writes);
                ret = zram_bvec_write(zram, bvec, index, offset);
        }

        return ret;
}

/*
 * zram_bio_discard - handler on discard request
 * @index: physical block index in PAGE_SIZE units
 * @offset: byte offset within physical block
 */
static void zram_bio_discard(struct zram *zram, u32 index,
                             int offset, struct bio *bio)
{
        size_t n = bio->bi_iter.bi_size;

        /*
         * zram manages data in physical block size units. Because logical block
         * size isn't identical with physical block size on some arch, we
         * could get a discard request pointing to a specific offset within a
         * certain physical block.  Although we can handle this request by
         * reading that physiclal block and decompressing and partially zeroing
         * and re-compressing and then re-storing it, this isn't reasonable
         * because our intent with a discard request is to save memory.  So
         * skipping this logical block is appropriate here.
         */
        if (offset) {
                if (n <= (PAGE_SIZE - offset))
                        return;

                n -= (PAGE_SIZE - offset);
                index++;
        }

        while (n >= PAGE_SIZE) {
                /*
                 * Discard request can be large so the lock hold times could be
                 * lengthy.  So take the lock once per page.
                 */
                write_lock(&zram->meta->tb_lock);
                zram_free_page(zram, index);
                write_unlock(&zram->meta->tb_lock);
                index++;
                n -= PAGE_SIZE;
        }
}

static void zram_reset_device(struct zram *zram, bool reset_capacity)
{
        size_t index;
        struct zram_meta *meta;

        down_write(&zram->init_lock);
        if (!init_done(zram)) {
                up_write(&zram->init_lock);
                return;
        }

        meta = zram->meta;
        /* Free all pages that are still in this zram device */
        for (index = 0; index < zram->disksize >> PAGE_SHIFT; index++) {
                unsigned long handle = meta->table[index].handle;
                if (!handle)
                        continue;

                zs_free(meta->mem_pool, handle);
        }

        zcomp_destroy(zram->comp);
        zram->max_comp_streams = 1;

        zram_meta_free(zram->meta);
        zram->meta = NULL;
        /* Reset stats */
        memset(&zram->stats, 0, sizeof(zram->stats));

        zram->disksize = 0;
        if (reset_capacity)
                set_capacity(zram->disk, 0);

        up_write(&zram->init_lock);

        /*
         * Revalidate disk out of the init_lock to avoid lockdep splat.
         * It's okay because disk's capacity is protected by init_lock
         * so that revalidate_disk always sees up-to-date capacity.
         */
        if (reset_capacity)
                revalidate_disk(zram->disk);
}

static ssize_t disksize_store(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t len)
{
        u64 disksize;
        struct zcomp *comp;
        struct zram_meta *meta;
        struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);
        int err;

        disksize = memparse(buf, NULL);
        if (!disksize)
                return -EINVAL;

        disksize = PAGE_ALIGN(disksize);
        meta = zram_meta_alloc(disksize);
        if (!meta)
                return -ENOMEM;

        comp = zcomp_create(zram->compressor, zram->max_comp_streams);
        if (IS_ERR(comp)) {
                pr_info("Cannot initialise %s compressing backend\n",
                                zram->compressor);
                err = PTR_ERR(comp);
                goto out_free_meta;
        }

        down_write(&zram->init_lock);
        if (init_done(zram)) {
                pr_info("Cannot change disksize for initialized device\n");
                err = -EBUSY;
                goto out_destroy_comp;
        }

        zram->meta = meta;
        zram->comp = comp;
        zram->disksize = disksize;
        set_capacity(zram->disk, zram->disksize >> SECTOR_SHIFT);
        up_write(&zram->init_lock);

        /*
         * Revalidate disk out of the init_lock to avoid lockdep splat.
         * It's okay because disk's capacity is protected by init_lock
         * so that revalidate_disk always sees up-to-date capacity.
         */
        revalidate_disk(zram->disk);

        return len;

out_destroy_comp:
        up_write(&zram->init_lock);
        zcomp_destroy(comp);
out_free_meta:
        zram_meta_free(meta);
        return err;
}

static ssize_t reset_store(struct device *dev,
                struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t len)
{
        int ret;
        unsigned short do_reset;
        struct zram *zram;
        struct block_device *bdev;

        zram = dev_to_zram(dev);
        bdev = bdget_disk(zram->disk, 0);

        if (!bdev)
                return -ENOMEM;

        /* Do not reset an active device! */
        if (bdev->bd_holders) {
                ret = -EBUSY;
                goto out;
        }

        ret = kstrtou16(buf, 10, &do_reset);
        if (ret)
                goto out;

        if (!do_reset) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto out;
        }

        /* Make sure all pending I/O is finished */
        fsync_bdev(bdev);
        bdput(bdev);

        zram_reset_device(zram, true);
        return len;

out:
        bdput(bdev);
        return ret;
}

static void __zram_make_request(struct zram *zram, struct bio *bio)
{
        int offset;
        u32 index;
        struct bio_vec bvec;
        struct bvec_iter iter;

        index = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector >> SECTORS_PER_PAGE_SHIFT;
        offset = (bio->bi_iter.bi_sector &
                  (SECTORS_PER_PAGE - 1)) << SECTOR_SHIFT;

        if (unlikely(bio->bi_rw & REQ_DISCARD)) {
                zram_bio_discard(zram, index, offset, bio);
                bio_endio(bio, 0);
                return;
        }

        bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, iter) {
                int max_transfer_size = PAGE_SIZE - offset;

                if (bvec.bv_len > max_transfer_size) {
                        /*
                         * zram_bvec_rw() can only make operation on a single
                         * zram page. Split the bio vector.
                         */
                        struct bio_vec bv;

                        bv.bv_page = bvec.bv_page;
                        bv.bv_len = max_transfer_size;
                        bv.bv_offset = bvec.bv_offset;

                        if (zram_bvec_rw(zram, &bv, index, offset, bio) < 0)
                                goto out;

                        bv.bv_len = bvec.bv_len - max_transfer_size;
                        bv.bv_offset += max_transfer_size;
                        if (zram_bvec_rw(zram, &bv, index + 1, 0, bio) < 0)
                                goto out;
                } else
                        if (zram_bvec_rw(zram, &bvec, index, offset, bio) < 0)
                                goto out;

                update_position(&index, &offset, &bvec);
        }

        set_bit(BIO_UPTODATE, &bio->bi_flags);
        bio_endio(bio, 0);
        return;

out:
        bio_io_error(bio);
}

/*
 * Handler function for all zram I/O requests.
 */
static void zram_make_request(struct request_queue *queue, struct bio *bio)
{
        struct zram *zram = queue->queuedata;

        down_read(&zram->init_lock);
        if (unlikely(!init_done(zram)))
                goto error;

        if (!valid_io_request(zram, bio)) {
                atomic64_inc(&zram->stats.invalid_io);
                goto error;
        }

        __zram_make_request(zram, bio);
        up_read(&zram->init_lock);

        return;

error:
        up_read(&zram->init_lock);
        bio_io_error(bio);
}

static void zram_slot_free_notify(struct block_device *bdev,
                                unsigned long index)
{
        struct zram *zram;
        struct zram_meta *meta;

        zram = bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
        meta = zram->meta;

        write_lock(&meta->tb_lock);
        zram_free_page(zram, index);
        write_unlock(&meta->tb_lock);
        atomic64_inc(&zram->stats.notify_free);
}

static const struct block_device_operations zram_devops = {
        .swap_slot_free_notify = zram_slot_free_notify,
        .owner = THIS_MODULE
};

static DEVICE_ATTR(disksize, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
                disksize_show, disksize_store);
static DEVICE_ATTR(initstate, S_IRUGO, initstate_show, NULL);
static DEVICE_ATTR(reset, S_IWUSR, NULL, reset_store);
static DEVICE_ATTR(orig_data_size, S_IRUGO, orig_data_size_show, NULL);
static DEVICE_ATTR(mem_used_total, S_IRUGO, mem_used_total_show, NULL);
static DEVICE_ATTR(max_comp_streams, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
                max_comp_streams_show, max_comp_streams_store);
static DEVICE_ATTR(comp_algorithm, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
                comp_algorithm_show, comp_algorithm_store);

ZRAM_ATTR_RO(num_reads);
ZRAM_ATTR_RO(num_writes);
ZRAM_ATTR_RO(failed_reads);
ZRAM_ATTR_RO(failed_writes);
ZRAM_ATTR_RO(invalid_io);
ZRAM_ATTR_RO(notify_free);
ZRAM_ATTR_RO(zero_pages);
ZRAM_ATTR_RO(compr_data_size);

static struct attribute *zram_disk_attrs[] = {
        &dev_attr_disksize.attr,
        &dev_attr_initstate.attr,
        &dev_attr_reset.attr,
        &dev_attr_num_reads.attr,
        &dev_attr_num_writes.attr,
        &dev_attr_failed_reads.attr,
        &dev_attr_failed_writes.attr,
        &dev_attr_invalid_io.attr,
        &dev_attr_notify_free.attr,
        &dev_attr_zero_pages.attr,
        &dev_attr_orig_data_size.attr,
        &dev_attr_compr_data_size.attr,
        &dev_attr_mem_used_total.attr,
        &dev_attr_max_comp_streams.attr,
        &dev_attr_comp_algorithm.attr,
        NULL,
};

static struct attribute_group zram_disk_attr_group = {
        .attrs = zram_disk_attrs,
};

static int create_device(struct zram *zram, int device_id)
{
        int ret = -ENOMEM;

        init_rwsem(&zram->init_lock);

        zram->queue = blk_alloc_queue(GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!zram->queue) {
                pr_err("Error allocating disk queue for device %d\n",
                        device_id);
                goto out;
        }

        blk_queue_make_request(zram->queue, zram_make_request);
        zram->queue->queuedata = zram;

         /* gendisk structure */
        zram->disk = alloc_disk(1);
        if (!zram->disk) {
                pr_warn("Error allocating disk structure for device %d\n",
                        device_id);
                goto out_free_queue;
        }

        zram->disk->major = zram_major;
        zram->disk->first_minor = device_id;
        zram->disk->fops = &zram_devops;
        zram->disk->queue = zram->queue;
        zram->disk->private_data = zram;
        snprintf(zram->disk->disk_name, 16, "zram%d", device_id);

        /* Actual capacity set using syfs (/sys/block/zram<id>/disksize */
        set_capacity(zram->disk, 0);
        /* zram devices sort of resembles non-rotational disks */
        queue_flag_set_unlocked(QUEUE_FLAG_NONROT, zram->disk->queue);
        /*
         * To ensure that we always get PAGE_SIZE aligned
         * and n*PAGE_SIZED sized I/O requests.
         */
        blk_queue_physical_block_size(zram->disk->queue, PAGE_SIZE);
        blk_queue_logical_block_size(zram->disk->queue,
                                        ZRAM_LOGICAL_BLOCK_SIZE);
        blk_queue_io_min(zram->disk->queue, PAGE_SIZE);
        blk_queue_io_opt(zram->disk->queue, PAGE_SIZE);
        zram->disk->queue->limits.discard_granularity = PAGE_SIZE;
        zram->disk->queue->limits.max_discard_sectors = UINT_MAX;
        /*
         * zram_bio_discard() will clear all logical blocks if logical block
         * size is identical with physical block size(PAGE_SIZE). But if it is
         * different, we will skip discarding some parts of logical blocks in
         * the part of the request range which isn't aligned to physical block
         * size.  So we can't ensure that all discarded logical blocks are
         * zeroed.
         */
        if (ZRAM_LOGICAL_BLOCK_SIZE == PAGE_SIZE)
                zram->disk->queue->limits.discard_zeroes_data = 1;
        else
                zram->disk->queue->limits.discard_zeroes_data = 0;
        queue_flag_set_unlocked(QUEUE_FLAG_DISCARD, zram->disk->queue);

        add_disk(zram->disk);

        ret = sysfs_create_group(&disk_to_dev(zram->disk)->kobj,
                                &zram_disk_attr_group);
        if (ret < 0) {
                pr_warn("Error creating sysfs group");
                goto out_free_disk;
        }
        strlcpy(zram->compressor, default_compressor, sizeof(zram->compressor));
        zram->meta = NULL;
        zram->max_comp_streams = 1;
        return 0;

out_free_disk:
        del_gendisk(zram->disk);
        put_disk(zram->disk);
out_free_queue:
        blk_cleanup_queue(zram->queue);
out:
        return ret;
}

static void destroy_device(struct zram *zram)
{
        sysfs_remove_group(&disk_to_dev(zram->disk)->kobj,
                        &zram_disk_attr_group);

        del_gendisk(zram->disk);
        put_disk(zram->disk);

        blk_cleanup_queue(zram->queue);
}

static int __init zram_init(void)
{
        int ret, dev_id;

        if (num_devices > max_num_devices) {
                pr_warn("Invalid value for num_devices: %u\n",
                                num_devices);
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto out;
        }

        zram_major = register_blkdev(0, "zram");
        if (zram_major <= 0) {
                pr_warn("Unable to get major number\n");
                ret = -EBUSY;
                goto out;
        }

        /* Allocate the device array and initialize each one */
        zram_devices = kzalloc(num_devices * sizeof(struct zram), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!zram_devices) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto unregister;
        }

        for (dev_id = 0; dev_id < num_devices; dev_id++) {
                ret = create_device(&zram_devices[dev_id], dev_id);
                if (ret)
                        goto free_devices;
        }

        pr_info("Created %u device(s) ...\n", num_devices);

        return 0;

free_devices:
        while (dev_id)
                destroy_device(&zram_devices[--dev_id]);
        kfree(zram_devices);
unregister:
        unregister_blkdev(zram_major, "zram");
out:
        return ret;
}

static void __exit zram_exit(void)
{
        int i;
        struct zram *zram;

        for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++) {
                zram = &zram_devices[i];

                destroy_device(zram);
                /*
                 * Shouldn't access zram->disk after destroy_device
                 * because destroy_device already released zram->disk.
                 */
                zram_reset_device(zram, false);
        }

        unregister_blkdev(zram_major, "zram");

        kfree(zram_devices);
        pr_debug("Cleanup done!\n");
}

module_init(zram_init);
module_exit(zram_exit);

module_param(num_devices, uint, 0);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(num_devices, "Number of zram devices");

MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Compressed RAM Block Device");