NFSv4: Reduce the chances of an open_owner identifier collision

[mirror_ubuntu-artful-kernel.git] / fs / nfs / write.c

/*
 * linux/fs/nfs/write.c
 *
 * Write file data over NFS.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de>
 */

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>

#include <linux/sunrpc/clnt.h>
#include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
#include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
#include <linux/nfs_page.h>
#include <linux/backing-dev.h>

#include <asm/uaccess.h>

#include "delegation.h"
#include "internal.h"
#include "iostat.h"

#define NFSDBG_FACILITY         NFSDBG_PAGECACHE

#define MIN_POOL_WRITE          (32)
#define MIN_POOL_COMMIT         (4)

/*
 * Local function declarations
 */
static struct nfs_page * nfs_update_request(struct nfs_open_context*,
                                            struct page *,
                                            unsigned int, unsigned int);
static void nfs_pageio_init_write(struct nfs_pageio_descriptor *desc,
                                  struct inode *inode, int ioflags);
static const struct rpc_call_ops nfs_write_partial_ops;
static const struct rpc_call_ops nfs_write_full_ops;
static const struct rpc_call_ops nfs_commit_ops;

static struct kmem_cache *nfs_wdata_cachep;
static mempool_t *nfs_wdata_mempool;
static mempool_t *nfs_commit_mempool;

struct nfs_write_data *nfs_commit_alloc(void)
{
        struct nfs_write_data *p = mempool_alloc(nfs_commit_mempool, GFP_NOFS);

        if (p) {
                memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
                INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->pages);
        }
        return p;
}

static void nfs_commit_rcu_free(struct rcu_head *head)
{
        struct nfs_write_data *p = container_of(head, struct nfs_write_data, task.u.tk_rcu);
        if (p && (p->pagevec != &p->page_array[0]))
                kfree(p->pagevec);
        mempool_free(p, nfs_commit_mempool);
}

void nfs_commit_free(struct nfs_write_data *wdata)
{
        call_rcu_bh(&wdata->task.u.tk_rcu, nfs_commit_rcu_free);
}

struct nfs_write_data *nfs_writedata_alloc(unsigned int pagecount)
{
        struct nfs_write_data *p = mempool_alloc(nfs_wdata_mempool, GFP_NOFS);

        if (p) {
                memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
                INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->pages);
                p->npages = pagecount;
                if (pagecount <= ARRAY_SIZE(p->page_array))
                        p->pagevec = p->page_array;
                else {
                        p->pagevec = kcalloc(pagecount, sizeof(struct page *), GFP_NOFS);
                        if (!p->pagevec) {
                                mempool_free(p, nfs_wdata_mempool);
                                p = NULL;
                        }
                }
        }
        return p;
}

static void nfs_writedata_rcu_free(struct rcu_head *head)
{
        struct nfs_write_data *p = container_of(head, struct nfs_write_data, task.u.tk_rcu);
        if (p && (p->pagevec != &p->page_array[0]))
                kfree(p->pagevec);
        mempool_free(p, nfs_wdata_mempool);
}

static void nfs_writedata_free(struct nfs_write_data *wdata)
{
        call_rcu_bh(&wdata->task.u.tk_rcu, nfs_writedata_rcu_free);
}

void nfs_writedata_release(void *wdata)
{
        nfs_writedata_free(wdata);
}

static struct nfs_page *nfs_page_find_request_locked(struct page *page)
{
        struct nfs_page *req = NULL;

        if (PagePrivate(page)) {
                req = (struct nfs_page *)page_private(page);
                if (req != NULL)
                        kref_get(&req->wb_kref);
        }
        return req;
}

static struct nfs_page *nfs_page_find_request(struct page *page)
{
        struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
        struct nfs_page *req = NULL;

        spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
        req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(page);
        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
        return req;
}

/* Adjust the file length if we're writing beyond the end */
static void nfs_grow_file(struct page *page, unsigned int offset, unsigned int count)
{
        struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
        loff_t end, i_size = i_size_read(inode);
        pgoff_t end_index = (i_size - 1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;

        if (i_size > 0 && page->index < end_index)
                return;
        end = ((loff_t)page->index << PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT) + ((loff_t)offset+count);
        if (i_size >= end)
                return;
        nfs_inc_stats(inode, NFSIOS_EXTENDWRITE);
        i_size_write(inode, end);
}

/* A writeback failed: mark the page as bad, and invalidate the page cache */
static void nfs_set_pageerror(struct page *page)
{
        SetPageError(page);
        nfs_zap_mapping(page->mapping->host, page->mapping);
}

/* We can set the PG_uptodate flag if we see that a write request
 * covers the full page.
 */
static void nfs_mark_uptodate(struct page *page, unsigned int base, unsigned int count)
{
        if (PageUptodate(page))
                return;
        if (base != 0)
                return;
        if (count != nfs_page_length(page))
                return;
        if (count != PAGE_CACHE_SIZE)
                zero_user_page(page, count, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - count, KM_USER0);
        SetPageUptodate(page);
}

static int nfs_writepage_setup(struct nfs_open_context *ctx, struct page *page,
                unsigned int offset, unsigned int count)
{
        struct nfs_page *req;
        int ret;

        for (;;) {
                req = nfs_update_request(ctx, page, offset, count);
                if (!IS_ERR(req))
                        break;
                ret = PTR_ERR(req);
                if (ret != -EBUSY)
                        return ret;
                ret = nfs_wb_page(page->mapping->host, page);
                if (ret != 0)
                        return ret;
        }
        /* Update file length */
        nfs_grow_file(page, offset, count);
        nfs_unlock_request(req);
        return 0;
}

static int wb_priority(struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
        if (wbc->for_reclaim)
                return FLUSH_HIGHPRI | FLUSH_STABLE;
        if (wbc->for_kupdate)
                return FLUSH_LOWPRI;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * NFS congestion control
 */

int nfs_congestion_kb;

#define NFS_CONGESTION_ON_THRESH        (nfs_congestion_kb >> (PAGE_SHIFT-10))
#define NFS_CONGESTION_OFF_THRESH       \
        (NFS_CONGESTION_ON_THRESH - (NFS_CONGESTION_ON_THRESH >> 2))

static int nfs_set_page_writeback(struct page *page)
{
        int ret = test_set_page_writeback(page);

        if (!ret) {
                struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
                struct nfs_server *nfss = NFS_SERVER(inode);

                if (atomic_long_inc_return(&nfss->writeback) >
                                NFS_CONGESTION_ON_THRESH)
                        set_bdi_congested(&nfss->backing_dev_info, WRITE);
        }
        return ret;
}

static void nfs_end_page_writeback(struct page *page)
{
        struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
        struct nfs_server *nfss = NFS_SERVER(inode);

        end_page_writeback(page);
        if (atomic_long_dec_return(&nfss->writeback) < NFS_CONGESTION_OFF_THRESH) {
                clear_bdi_congested(&nfss->backing_dev_info, WRITE);
                congestion_end(WRITE);
        }
}

/*
 * Find an associated nfs write request, and prepare to flush it out
 * Returns 1 if there was no write request, or if the request was
 * already tagged by nfs_set_page_dirty.Returns 0 if the request
 * was not tagged.
 * May also return an error if the user signalled nfs_wait_on_request().
 */
static int nfs_page_async_flush(struct nfs_pageio_descriptor *pgio,
                                struct page *page)
{
        struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
        struct nfs_inode *nfsi = NFS_I(inode);
        struct nfs_page *req;
        int ret;

        spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
        for(;;) {
                req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(page);
                if (req == NULL) {
                        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                        return 1;
                }
                if (nfs_lock_request_dontget(req))
                        break;
                /* Note: If we hold the page lock, as is the case in nfs_writepage,
                 *       then the call to nfs_lock_request_dontget() will always
                 *       succeed provided that someone hasn't already marked the
                 *       request as dirty (in which case we don't care).
                 */
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                ret = nfs_wait_on_request(req);
                nfs_release_request(req);
                if (ret != 0)
                        return ret;
                spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
        }
        if (test_bit(PG_NEED_COMMIT, &req->wb_flags)) {
                /* This request is marked for commit */
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                nfs_unlock_request(req);
                nfs_pageio_complete(pgio);
                return 1;
        }
        if (nfs_set_page_writeback(page) != 0) {
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                BUG();
        }
        radix_tree_tag_set(&nfsi->nfs_page_tree, req->wb_index,
                        NFS_PAGE_TAG_LOCKED);
        ret = test_bit(PG_NEED_FLUSH, &req->wb_flags);
        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
        nfs_pageio_add_request(pgio, req);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Write an mmapped page to the server.
 */
static int nfs_writepage_locked(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
        struct nfs_pageio_descriptor mypgio, *pgio;
        struct nfs_open_context *ctx;
        struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
        unsigned offset;
        int err;

        nfs_inc_stats(inode, NFSIOS_VFSWRITEPAGE);
        nfs_add_stats(inode, NFSIOS_WRITEPAGES, 1);

        if (wbc->for_writepages)
                pgio = wbc->fs_private;
        else {
                nfs_pageio_init_write(&mypgio, inode, wb_priority(wbc));
                pgio = &mypgio;
        }

        nfs_pageio_cond_complete(pgio, page->index);

        err = nfs_page_async_flush(pgio, page);
        if (err <= 0)
                goto out;
        err = 0;
        offset = nfs_page_length(page);
        if (!offset)
                goto out;

        nfs_pageio_cond_complete(pgio, page->index);

        ctx = nfs_find_open_context(inode, NULL, FMODE_WRITE);
        if (ctx == NULL) {
                err = -EBADF;
                goto out;
        }
        err = nfs_writepage_setup(ctx, page, 0, offset);
        put_nfs_open_context(ctx);
        if (err != 0)
                goto out;
        err = nfs_page_async_flush(pgio, page);
        if (err > 0)
                err = 0;
out:
        if (!wbc->for_writepages)
                nfs_pageio_complete(pgio);
        return err;
}

int nfs_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
        int err;

        err = nfs_writepage_locked(page, wbc);
        unlock_page(page);
        return err; 
}

int nfs_writepages(struct address_space *mapping, struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
        struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
        struct nfs_pageio_descriptor pgio;
        int err;

        nfs_inc_stats(inode, NFSIOS_VFSWRITEPAGES);

        nfs_pageio_init_write(&pgio, inode, wb_priority(wbc));
        wbc->fs_private = &pgio;
        err = generic_writepages(mapping, wbc);
        nfs_pageio_complete(&pgio);
        if (err)
                return err;
        if (pgio.pg_error)
                return pgio.pg_error;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Insert a write request into an inode
 */
static int nfs_inode_add_request(struct inode *inode, struct nfs_page *req)
{
        struct nfs_inode *nfsi = NFS_I(inode);
        int error;

        error = radix_tree_insert(&nfsi->nfs_page_tree, req->wb_index, req);
        BUG_ON(error == -EEXIST);
        if (error)
                return error;
        if (!nfsi->npages) {
                igrab(inode);
                nfs_begin_data_update(inode);
                if (nfs_have_delegation(inode, FMODE_WRITE))
                        nfsi->change_attr++;
        }
        SetPagePrivate(req->wb_page);
        set_page_private(req->wb_page, (unsigned long)req);
        if (PageDirty(req->wb_page))
                set_bit(PG_NEED_FLUSH, &req->wb_flags);
        nfsi->npages++;
        kref_get(&req->wb_kref);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Remove a write request from an inode
 */
static void nfs_inode_remove_request(struct nfs_page *req)
{
        struct inode *inode = req->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode;
        struct nfs_inode *nfsi = NFS_I(inode);

        BUG_ON (!NFS_WBACK_BUSY(req));

        spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
        set_page_private(req->wb_page, 0);
        ClearPagePrivate(req->wb_page);
        radix_tree_delete(&nfsi->nfs_page_tree, req->wb_index);
        if (test_and_clear_bit(PG_NEED_FLUSH, &req->wb_flags))
                __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(req->wb_page);
        nfsi->npages--;
        if (!nfsi->npages) {
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                nfs_end_data_update(inode);
                iput(inode);
        } else
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
        nfs_clear_request(req);
        nfs_release_request(req);
}

static void
nfs_redirty_request(struct nfs_page *req)
{
        __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(req->wb_page);
}

/*
 * Check if a request is dirty
 */
static inline int
nfs_dirty_request(struct nfs_page *req)
{
        struct page *page = req->wb_page;

        if (page == NULL || test_bit(PG_NEED_COMMIT, &req->wb_flags))
                return 0;
        return !PageWriteback(req->wb_page);
}

#if defined(CONFIG_NFS_V3) || defined(CONFIG_NFS_V4)
/*
 * Add a request to the inode's commit list.
 */
static void
nfs_mark_request_commit(struct nfs_page *req)
{
        struct inode *inode = req->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode;
        struct nfs_inode *nfsi = NFS_I(inode);

        spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
        nfsi->ncommit++;
        set_bit(PG_NEED_COMMIT, &(req)->wb_flags);
        radix_tree_tag_set(&nfsi->nfs_page_tree,
                        req->wb_index,
                        NFS_PAGE_TAG_COMMIT);
        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
        inc_zone_page_state(req->wb_page, NR_UNSTABLE_NFS);
        __mark_inode_dirty(inode, I_DIRTY_DATASYNC);
}

static inline
int nfs_write_need_commit(struct nfs_write_data *data)
{
        return data->verf.committed != NFS_FILE_SYNC;
}

static inline
int nfs_reschedule_unstable_write(struct nfs_page *req)
{
        if (test_bit(PG_NEED_COMMIT, &req->wb_flags)) {
                nfs_mark_request_commit(req);
                return 1;
        }
        if (test_and_clear_bit(PG_NEED_RESCHED, &req->wb_flags)) {
                nfs_redirty_request(req);
                return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}
#else
static inline void
nfs_mark_request_commit(struct nfs_page *req)
{
}

static inline
int nfs_write_need_commit(struct nfs_write_data *data)
{
        return 0;
}

static inline
int nfs_reschedule_unstable_write(struct nfs_page *req)
{
        return 0;
}
#endif

/*
 * Wait for a request to complete.
 *
 * Interruptible by signals only if mounted with intr flag.
 */
static int nfs_wait_on_requests_locked(struct inode *inode, pgoff_t idx_start, unsigned int npages)
{
        struct nfs_inode *nfsi = NFS_I(inode);
        struct nfs_page *req;
        pgoff_t idx_end, next;
        unsigned int            res = 0;
        int                     error;

        if (npages == 0)
                idx_end = ~0;
        else
                idx_end = idx_start + npages - 1;

        next = idx_start;
        while (radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag(&nfsi->nfs_page_tree, (void **)&req, next, 1, NFS_PAGE_TAG_LOCKED)) {
                if (req->wb_index > idx_end)
                        break;

                next = req->wb_index + 1;
                BUG_ON(!NFS_WBACK_BUSY(req));

                kref_get(&req->wb_kref);
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                error = nfs_wait_on_request(req);
                nfs_release_request(req);
                spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
                if (error < 0)
                        return error;
                res++;
        }
        return res;
}

static void nfs_cancel_commit_list(struct list_head *head)
{
        struct nfs_page *req;

        while(!list_empty(head)) {
                req = nfs_list_entry(head->next);
                dec_zone_page_state(req->wb_page, NR_UNSTABLE_NFS);
                nfs_list_remove_request(req);
                clear_bit(PG_NEED_COMMIT, &(req)->wb_flags);
                nfs_inode_remove_request(req);
                nfs_unlock_request(req);
        }
}

#if defined(CONFIG_NFS_V3) || defined(CONFIG_NFS_V4)
/*
 * nfs_scan_commit - Scan an inode for commit requests
 * @inode: NFS inode to scan
 * @dst: destination list
 * @idx_start: lower bound of page->index to scan.
 * @npages: idx_start + npages sets the upper bound to scan.
 *
 * Moves requests from the inode's 'commit' request list.
 * The requests are *not* checked to ensure that they form a contiguous set.
 */
static int
nfs_scan_commit(struct inode *inode, struct list_head *dst, pgoff_t idx_start, unsigned int npages)
{
        struct nfs_inode *nfsi = NFS_I(inode);
        int res = 0;

        if (nfsi->ncommit != 0) {
                res = nfs_scan_list(nfsi, dst, idx_start, npages,
                                NFS_PAGE_TAG_COMMIT);
                nfsi->ncommit -= res;
        }
        return res;
}
#else
static inline int nfs_scan_commit(struct inode *inode, struct list_head *dst, pgoff_t idx_start, unsigned int npages)
{
        return 0;
}
#endif

/*
 * Try to update any existing write request, or create one if there is none.
 * In order to match, the request's credentials must match those of
 * the calling process.
 *
 * Note: Should always be called with the Page Lock held!
 */
static struct nfs_page * nfs_update_request(struct nfs_open_context* ctx,
                struct page *page, unsigned int offset, unsigned int bytes)
{
        struct address_space *mapping = page->mapping;
        struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
        struct nfs_page         *req, *new = NULL;
        pgoff_t         rqend, end;

        end = offset + bytes;

        for (;;) {
                /* Loop over all inode entries and see if we find
                 * A request for the page we wish to update
                 */
                spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
                req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(page);
                if (req) {
                        if (!nfs_lock_request_dontget(req)) {
                                int error;

                                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                                error = nfs_wait_on_request(req);
                                nfs_release_request(req);
                                if (error < 0) {
                                        if (new)
                                                nfs_release_request(new);
                                        return ERR_PTR(error);
                                }
                                continue;
                        }
                        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                        if (new)
                                nfs_release_request(new);
                        break;
                }

                if (new) {
                        int error;
                        nfs_lock_request_dontget(new);
                        error = nfs_inode_add_request(inode, new);
                        if (error) {
                                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                                nfs_unlock_request(new);
                                return ERR_PTR(error);
                        }
                        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                        return new;
                }
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);

                new = nfs_create_request(ctx, inode, page, offset, bytes);
                if (IS_ERR(new))
                        return new;
        }

        /* We have a request for our page.
         * If the creds don't match, or the
         * page addresses don't match,
         * tell the caller to wait on the conflicting
         * request.
         */
        rqend = req->wb_offset + req->wb_bytes;
        if (req->wb_context != ctx
            || req->wb_page != page
            || !nfs_dirty_request(req)
            || offset > rqend || end < req->wb_offset) {
                nfs_unlock_request(req);
                return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
        }

        /* Okay, the request matches. Update the region */
        if (offset < req->wb_offset) {
                req->wb_offset = offset;
                req->wb_pgbase = offset;
                req->wb_bytes = rqend - req->wb_offset;
        }

        if (end > rqend)
                req->wb_bytes = end - req->wb_offset;

        return req;
}

int nfs_flush_incompatible(struct file *file, struct page *page)
{
        struct nfs_open_context *ctx = (struct nfs_open_context *)file->private_data;
        struct nfs_page *req;
        int do_flush, status;
        /*
         * Look for a request corresponding to this page. If there
         * is one, and it belongs to another file, we flush it out
         * before we try to copy anything into the page. Do this
         * due to the lack of an ACCESS-type call in NFSv2.
         * Also do the same if we find a request from an existing
         * dropped page.
         */
        do {
                req = nfs_page_find_request(page);
                if (req == NULL)
                        return 0;
                do_flush = req->wb_page != page || req->wb_context != ctx
                        || !nfs_dirty_request(req);
                nfs_release_request(req);
                if (!do_flush)
                        return 0;
                status = nfs_wb_page(page->mapping->host, page);
        } while (status == 0);
        return status;
}

/*
 * Update and possibly write a cached page of an NFS file.
 *
 * XXX: Keep an eye on generic_file_read to make sure it doesn't do bad
 * things with a page scheduled for an RPC call (e.g. invalidate it).
 */
int nfs_updatepage(struct file *file, struct page *page,
                unsigned int offset, unsigned int count)
{
        struct nfs_open_context *ctx = (struct nfs_open_context *)file->private_data;
        struct inode    *inode = page->mapping->host;
        int             status = 0;

        nfs_inc_stats(inode, NFSIOS_VFSUPDATEPAGE);

        dprintk("NFS:      nfs_updatepage(%s/%s %d@%Ld)\n",
                file->f_path.dentry->d_parent->d_name.name,
                file->f_path.dentry->d_name.name, count,
                (long long)(page_offset(page) +offset));

        /* If we're not using byte range locks, and we know the page
         * is entirely in cache, it may be more efficient to avoid
         * fragmenting write requests.
         */
        if (PageUptodate(page) && inode->i_flock == NULL && !(file->f_mode & O_SYNC)) {
                count = max(count + offset, nfs_page_length(page));
                offset = 0;
        }

        status = nfs_writepage_setup(ctx, page, offset, count);
        __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(page);

        dprintk("NFS:      nfs_updatepage returns %d (isize %Ld)\n",
                        status, (long long)i_size_read(inode));
        if (status < 0)
                nfs_set_pageerror(page);
        return status;
}

static void nfs_writepage_release(struct nfs_page *req)
{

        if (PageError(req->wb_page)) {
                nfs_end_page_writeback(req->wb_page);
                nfs_inode_remove_request(req);
        } else if (!nfs_reschedule_unstable_write(req)) {
                /* Set the PG_uptodate flag */
                nfs_mark_uptodate(req->wb_page, req->wb_pgbase, req->wb_bytes);
                nfs_end_page_writeback(req->wb_page);
                nfs_inode_remove_request(req);
        } else
                nfs_end_page_writeback(req->wb_page);
        nfs_clear_page_tag_locked(req);
}

static inline int flush_task_priority(int how)
{
        switch (how & (FLUSH_HIGHPRI|FLUSH_LOWPRI)) {
                case FLUSH_HIGHPRI:
                        return RPC_PRIORITY_HIGH;
                case FLUSH_LOWPRI:
                        return RPC_PRIORITY_LOW;
        }
        return RPC_PRIORITY_NORMAL;
}

/*
 * Set up the argument/result storage required for the RPC call.
 */
static void nfs_write_rpcsetup(struct nfs_page *req,
                struct nfs_write_data *data,
                const struct rpc_call_ops *call_ops,
                unsigned int count, unsigned int offset,
                int how)
{
        struct inode            *inode;
        int flags;

        /* Set up the RPC argument and reply structs
         * NB: take care not to mess about with data->commit et al. */

        data->req = req;
        data->inode = inode = req->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode;
        data->cred = req->wb_context->cred;

        data->args.fh     = NFS_FH(inode);
        data->args.offset = req_offset(req) + offset;
        data->args.pgbase = req->wb_pgbase + offset;
        data->args.pages  = data->pagevec;
        data->args.count  = count;
        data->args.context = req->wb_context;

        data->res.fattr   = &data->fattr;
        data->res.count   = count;
        data->res.verf    = &data->verf;
        nfs_fattr_init(&data->fattr);

        /* Set up the initial task struct.  */
        flags = (how & FLUSH_SYNC) ? 0 : RPC_TASK_ASYNC;
        rpc_init_task(&data->task, NFS_CLIENT(inode), flags, call_ops, data);
        NFS_PROTO(inode)->write_setup(data, how);

        data->task.tk_priority = flush_task_priority(how);
        data->task.tk_cookie = (unsigned long)inode;

        dprintk("NFS: %5u initiated write call "
                "(req %s/%Ld, %u bytes @ offset %Lu)\n",
                data->task.tk_pid,
                inode->i_sb->s_id,
                (long long)NFS_FILEID(inode),
                count,
                (unsigned long long)data->args.offset);
}

static void nfs_execute_write(struct nfs_write_data *data)
{
        struct rpc_clnt *clnt = NFS_CLIENT(data->inode);
        sigset_t oldset;

        rpc_clnt_sigmask(clnt, &oldset);
        rpc_execute(&data->task);
        rpc_clnt_sigunmask(clnt, &oldset);
}

/*
 * Generate multiple small requests to write out a single
 * contiguous dirty area on one page.
 */
static int nfs_flush_multi(struct inode *inode, struct list_head *head, unsigned int npages, size_t count, int how)
{
        struct nfs_page *req = nfs_list_entry(head->next);
        struct page *page = req->wb_page;
        struct nfs_write_data *data;
        size_t wsize = NFS_SERVER(inode)->wsize, nbytes;
        unsigned int offset;
        int requests = 0;
        LIST_HEAD(list);

        nfs_list_remove_request(req);

        nbytes = count;
        do {
                size_t len = min(nbytes, wsize);

                data = nfs_writedata_alloc(1);
                if (!data)
                        goto out_bad;
                list_add(&data->pages, &list);
                requests++;
                nbytes -= len;
        } while (nbytes != 0);
        atomic_set(&req->wb_complete, requests);

        ClearPageError(page);
        offset = 0;
        nbytes = count;
        do {
                data = list_entry(list.next, struct nfs_write_data, pages);
                list_del_init(&data->pages);

                data->pagevec[0] = page;

                if (nbytes < wsize)
                        wsize = nbytes;
                nfs_write_rpcsetup(req, data, &nfs_write_partial_ops,
                                   wsize, offset, how);
                offset += wsize;
                nbytes -= wsize;
                nfs_execute_write(data);
        } while (nbytes != 0);

        return 0;

out_bad:
        while (!list_empty(&list)) {
                data = list_entry(list.next, struct nfs_write_data, pages);
                list_del(&data->pages);
                nfs_writedata_release(data);
        }
        nfs_redirty_request(req);
        nfs_end_page_writeback(req->wb_page);
        nfs_clear_page_tag_locked(req);
        return -ENOMEM;
}

/*
 * Create an RPC task for the given write request and kick it.
 * The page must have been locked by the caller.
 *
 * It may happen that the page we're passed is not marked dirty.
 * This is the case if nfs_updatepage detects a conflicting request
 * that has been written but not committed.
 */
static int nfs_flush_one(struct inode *inode, struct list_head *head, unsigned int npages, size_t count, int how)
{
        struct nfs_page         *req;
        struct page             **pages;
        struct nfs_write_data   *data;

        data = nfs_writedata_alloc(npages);
        if (!data)
                goto out_bad;

        pages = data->pagevec;
        while (!list_empty(head)) {
                req = nfs_list_entry(head->next);
                nfs_list_remove_request(req);
                nfs_list_add_request(req, &data->pages);
                ClearPageError(req->wb_page);
                *pages++ = req->wb_page;
        }
        req = nfs_list_entry(data->pages.next);

        /* Set up the argument struct */
        nfs_write_rpcsetup(req, data, &nfs_write_full_ops, count, 0, how);

        nfs_execute_write(data);
        return 0;
 out_bad:
        while (!list_empty(head)) {
                req = nfs_list_entry(head->next);
                nfs_list_remove_request(req);
                nfs_redirty_request(req);
                nfs_end_page_writeback(req->wb_page);
                nfs_clear_page_tag_locked(req);
        }
        return -ENOMEM;
}

static void nfs_pageio_init_write(struct nfs_pageio_descriptor *pgio,
                                  struct inode *inode, int ioflags)
{
        int wsize = NFS_SERVER(inode)->wsize;

        if (wsize < PAGE_CACHE_SIZE)
                nfs_pageio_init(pgio, inode, nfs_flush_multi, wsize, ioflags);
        else
                nfs_pageio_init(pgio, inode, nfs_flush_one, wsize, ioflags);
}

/*
 * Handle a write reply that flushed part of a page.
 */
static void nfs_writeback_done_partial(struct rpc_task *task, void *calldata)
{
        struct nfs_write_data   *data = calldata;
        struct nfs_page         *req = data->req;
        struct page             *page = req->wb_page;

        dprintk("NFS: write (%s/%Ld %d@%Ld)",
                req->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode->i_sb->s_id,
                (long long)NFS_FILEID(req->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode),
                req->wb_bytes,
                (long long)req_offset(req));

        if (nfs_writeback_done(task, data) != 0)
                return;

        if (task->tk_status < 0) {
                nfs_set_pageerror(page);
                req->wb_context->error = task->tk_status;
                dprintk(", error = %d\n", task->tk_status);
                goto out;
        }

        if (nfs_write_need_commit(data)) {
                struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;

                spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
                if (test_bit(PG_NEED_RESCHED, &req->wb_flags)) {
                        /* Do nothing we need to resend the writes */
                } else if (!test_and_set_bit(PG_NEED_COMMIT, &req->wb_flags)) {
                        memcpy(&req->wb_verf, &data->verf, sizeof(req->wb_verf));
                        dprintk(" defer commit\n");
                } else if (memcmp(&req->wb_verf, &data->verf, sizeof(req->wb_verf))) {
                        set_bit(PG_NEED_RESCHED, &req->wb_flags);
                        clear_bit(PG_NEED_COMMIT, &req->wb_flags);
                        dprintk(" server reboot detected\n");
                }
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
        } else
                dprintk(" OK\n");

out:
        if (atomic_dec_and_test(&req->wb_complete))
                nfs_writepage_release(req);
}

static const struct rpc_call_ops nfs_write_partial_ops = {
        .rpc_call_done = nfs_writeback_done_partial,
        .rpc_release = nfs_writedata_release,
};

/*
 * Handle a write reply that flushes a whole page.
 *
 * FIXME: There is an inherent race with invalidate_inode_pages and
 *        writebacks since the page->count is kept > 1 for as long
 *        as the page has a write request pending.
 */
static void nfs_writeback_done_full(struct rpc_task *task, void *calldata)
{
        struct nfs_write_data   *data = calldata;
        struct nfs_page         *req;
        struct page             *page;

        if (nfs_writeback_done(task, data) != 0)
                return;

        /* Update attributes as result of writeback. */
        while (!list_empty(&data->pages)) {
                req = nfs_list_entry(data->pages.next);
                nfs_list_remove_request(req);
                page = req->wb_page;

                dprintk("NFS: write (%s/%Ld %d@%Ld)",
                        req->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode->i_sb->s_id,
                        (long long)NFS_FILEID(req->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode),
                        req->wb_bytes,
                        (long long)req_offset(req));

                if (task->tk_status < 0) {
                        nfs_set_pageerror(page);
                        req->wb_context->error = task->tk_status;
                        dprintk(", error = %d\n", task->tk_status);
                        goto remove_request;
                }

                if (nfs_write_need_commit(data)) {
                        memcpy(&req->wb_verf, &data->verf, sizeof(req->wb_verf));
                        nfs_mark_request_commit(req);
                        nfs_end_page_writeback(page);
                        dprintk(" marked for commit\n");
                        goto next;
                }
                /* Set the PG_uptodate flag? */
                nfs_mark_uptodate(page, req->wb_pgbase, req->wb_bytes);
                dprintk(" OK\n");
remove_request:
                nfs_end_page_writeback(page);
                nfs_inode_remove_request(req);
        next:
                nfs_clear_page_tag_locked(req);
        }
}

static const struct rpc_call_ops nfs_write_full_ops = {
        .rpc_call_done = nfs_writeback_done_full,
        .rpc_release = nfs_writedata_release,
};


/*
 * This function is called when the WRITE call is complete.
 */
int nfs_writeback_done(struct rpc_task *task, struct nfs_write_data *data)
{
        struct nfs_writeargs    *argp = &data->args;
        struct nfs_writeres     *resp = &data->res;
        int status;

        dprintk("NFS: %5u nfs_writeback_done (status %d)\n",
                task->tk_pid, task->tk_status);

        /*
         * ->write_done will attempt to use post-op attributes to detect
         * conflicting writes by other clients.  A strict interpretation
         * of close-to-open would allow us to continue caching even if
         * another writer had changed the file, but some applications
         * depend on tighter cache coherency when writing.
         */
        status = NFS_PROTO(data->inode)->write_done(task, data);
        if (status != 0)
                return status;
        nfs_add_stats(data->inode, NFSIOS_SERVERWRITTENBYTES, resp->count);

#if defined(CONFIG_NFS_V3) || defined(CONFIG_NFS_V4)
        if (resp->verf->committed < argp->stable && task->tk_status >= 0) {
                /* We tried a write call, but the server did not
                 * commit data to stable storage even though we
                 * requested it.
                 * Note: There is a known bug in Tru64 < 5.0 in which
                 *       the server reports NFS_DATA_SYNC, but performs
                 *       NFS_FILE_SYNC. We therefore implement this checking
                 *       as a dprintk() in order to avoid filling syslog.
                 */
                static unsigned long    complain;

                if (time_before(complain, jiffies)) {
                        dprintk("NFS: faulty NFS server %s:"
                                " (committed = %d) != (stable = %d)\n",
                                NFS_SERVER(data->inode)->nfs_client->cl_hostname,
                                resp->verf->committed, argp->stable);
                        complain = jiffies + 300 * HZ;
                }
        }
#endif
        /* Is this a short write? */
        if (task->tk_status >= 0 && resp->count < argp->count) {
                static unsigned long    complain;

                nfs_inc_stats(data->inode, NFSIOS_SHORTWRITE);

                /* Has the server at least made some progress? */
                if (resp->count != 0) {
                        /* Was this an NFSv2 write or an NFSv3 stable write? */
                        if (resp->verf->committed != NFS_UNSTABLE) {
                                /* Resend from where the server left off */
                                argp->offset += resp->count;
                                argp->pgbase += resp->count;
                                argp->count -= resp->count;
                        } else {
                                /* Resend as a stable write in order to avoid
                                 * headaches in the case of a server crash.
                                 */
                                argp->stable = NFS_FILE_SYNC;
                        }
                        rpc_restart_call(task);
                        return -EAGAIN;
                }
                if (time_before(complain, jiffies)) {
                        printk(KERN_WARNING
                               "NFS: Server wrote zero bytes, expected %u.\n",
                                        argp->count);
                        complain = jiffies + 300 * HZ;
                }
                /* Can't do anything about it except throw an error. */
                task->tk_status = -EIO;
        }
        return 0;
}


#if defined(CONFIG_NFS_V3) || defined(CONFIG_NFS_V4)
void nfs_commit_release(void *wdata)
{
        nfs_commit_free(wdata);
}

/*
 * Set up the argument/result storage required for the RPC call.
 */
static void nfs_commit_rpcsetup(struct list_head *head,
                struct nfs_write_data *data,
                int how)
{
        struct nfs_page         *first;
        struct inode            *inode;
        int flags;

        /* Set up the RPC argument and reply structs
         * NB: take care not to mess about with data->commit et al. */

        list_splice_init(head, &data->pages);
        first = nfs_list_entry(data->pages.next);
        inode = first->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode;

        data->inode       = inode;
        data->cred        = first->wb_context->cred;

        data->args.fh     = NFS_FH(data->inode);
        /* Note: we always request a commit of the entire inode */
        data->args.offset = 0;
        data->args.count  = 0;
        data->res.count   = 0;
        data->res.fattr   = &data->fattr;
        data->res.verf    = &data->verf;
        nfs_fattr_init(&data->fattr);

        /* Set up the initial task struct.  */
        flags = (how & FLUSH_SYNC) ? 0 : RPC_TASK_ASYNC;
        rpc_init_task(&data->task, NFS_CLIENT(inode), flags, &nfs_commit_ops, data);
        NFS_PROTO(inode)->commit_setup(data, how);

        data->task.tk_priority = flush_task_priority(how);
        data->task.tk_cookie = (unsigned long)inode;
        
        dprintk("NFS: %5u initiated commit call\n", data->task.tk_pid);
}

/*
 * Commit dirty pages
 */
static int
nfs_commit_list(struct inode *inode, struct list_head *head, int how)
{
        struct nfs_write_data   *data;
        struct nfs_page         *req;

        data = nfs_commit_alloc();

        if (!data)
                goto out_bad;

        /* Set up the argument struct */
        nfs_commit_rpcsetup(head, data, how);

        nfs_execute_write(data);
        return 0;
 out_bad:
        while (!list_empty(head)) {
                req = nfs_list_entry(head->next);
                nfs_list_remove_request(req);
                nfs_mark_request_commit(req);
                dec_zone_page_state(req->wb_page, NR_UNSTABLE_NFS);
                nfs_clear_page_tag_locked(req);
        }
        return -ENOMEM;
}

/*
 * COMMIT call returned
 */
static void nfs_commit_done(struct rpc_task *task, void *calldata)
{
        struct nfs_write_data   *data = calldata;
        struct nfs_page         *req;

        dprintk("NFS: %5u nfs_commit_done (status %d)\n",
                                task->tk_pid, task->tk_status);

        /* Call the NFS version-specific code */
        if (NFS_PROTO(data->inode)->commit_done(task, data) != 0)
                return;

        while (!list_empty(&data->pages)) {
                req = nfs_list_entry(data->pages.next);
                nfs_list_remove_request(req);
                clear_bit(PG_NEED_COMMIT, &(req)->wb_flags);
                dec_zone_page_state(req->wb_page, NR_UNSTABLE_NFS);

                dprintk("NFS: commit (%s/%Ld %d@%Ld)",
                        req->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode->i_sb->s_id,
                        (long long)NFS_FILEID(req->wb_context->path.dentry->d_inode),
                        req->wb_bytes,
                        (long long)req_offset(req));
                if (task->tk_status < 0) {
                        req->wb_context->error = task->tk_status;
                        nfs_inode_remove_request(req);
                        dprintk(", error = %d\n", task->tk_status);
                        goto next;
                }

                /* Okay, COMMIT succeeded, apparently. Check the verifier
                 * returned by the server against all stored verfs. */
                if (!memcmp(req->wb_verf.verifier, data->verf.verifier, sizeof(data->verf.verifier))) {
                        /* We have a match */
                        /* Set the PG_uptodate flag */
                        nfs_mark_uptodate(req->wb_page, req->wb_pgbase,
                                        req->wb_bytes);
                        nfs_inode_remove_request(req);
                        dprintk(" OK\n");
                        goto next;
                }
                /* We have a mismatch. Write the page again */
                dprintk(" mismatch\n");
                nfs_redirty_request(req);
        next:
                nfs_clear_page_tag_locked(req);
        }
}

static const struct rpc_call_ops nfs_commit_ops = {
        .rpc_call_done = nfs_commit_done,
        .rpc_release = nfs_commit_release,
};

int nfs_commit_inode(struct inode *inode, int how)
{
        LIST_HEAD(head);
        int res;

        spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
        res = nfs_scan_commit(inode, &head, 0, 0);
        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
        if (res) {
                int error = nfs_commit_list(inode, &head, how);
                if (error < 0)
                        return error;
        }
        return res;
}
#else
static inline int nfs_commit_list(struct inode *inode, struct list_head *head, int how)
{
        return 0;
}
#endif

long nfs_sync_mapping_wait(struct address_space *mapping, struct writeback_control *wbc, int how)
{
        struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
        pgoff_t idx_start, idx_end;
        unsigned int npages = 0;
        LIST_HEAD(head);
        int nocommit = how & FLUSH_NOCOMMIT;
        long pages, ret;

        /* FIXME */
        if (wbc->range_cyclic)
                idx_start = 0;
        else {
                idx_start = wbc->range_start >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
                idx_end = wbc->range_end >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
                if (idx_end > idx_start) {
                        pgoff_t l_npages = 1 + idx_end - idx_start;
                        npages = l_npages;
                        if (sizeof(npages) != sizeof(l_npages) &&
                                        (pgoff_t)npages != l_npages)
                                npages = 0;
                }
        }
        how &= ~FLUSH_NOCOMMIT;
        spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
        do {
                ret = nfs_wait_on_requests_locked(inode, idx_start, npages);
                if (ret != 0)
                        continue;
                if (nocommit)
                        break;
                pages = nfs_scan_commit(inode, &head, idx_start, npages);
                if (pages == 0)
                        break;
                if (how & FLUSH_INVALIDATE) {
                        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                        nfs_cancel_commit_list(&head);
                        ret = pages;
                        spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
                        continue;
                }
                pages += nfs_scan_commit(inode, &head, 0, 0);
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                ret = nfs_commit_list(inode, &head, how);
                spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);

        } while (ret >= 0);
        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * flush the inode to disk.
 */
int nfs_wb_all(struct inode *inode)
{
        struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
        struct writeback_control wbc = {
                .bdi = mapping->backing_dev_info,
                .sync_mode = WB_SYNC_ALL,
                .nr_to_write = LONG_MAX,
                .for_writepages = 1,
                .range_cyclic = 1,
        };
        int ret;

        ret = nfs_writepages(mapping, &wbc);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
        ret = nfs_sync_mapping_wait(mapping, &wbc, 0);
        if (ret >= 0)
                return 0;
out:
        __mark_inode_dirty(mapping->host, I_DIRTY_PAGES);
        return ret;
}

int nfs_sync_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t range_start, loff_t range_end, int how)
{
        struct writeback_control wbc = {
                .bdi = mapping->backing_dev_info,
                .sync_mode = WB_SYNC_ALL,
                .nr_to_write = LONG_MAX,
                .range_start = range_start,
                .range_end = range_end,
                .for_writepages = 1,
        };
        int ret;

        ret = nfs_writepages(mapping, &wbc);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
        ret = nfs_sync_mapping_wait(mapping, &wbc, how);
        if (ret >= 0)
                return 0;
out:
        __mark_inode_dirty(mapping->host, I_DIRTY_PAGES);
        return ret;
}

int nfs_wb_page_priority(struct inode *inode, struct page *page, int how)
{
        loff_t range_start = page_offset(page);
        loff_t range_end = range_start + (loff_t)(PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1);
        struct writeback_control wbc = {
                .bdi = page->mapping->backing_dev_info,
                .sync_mode = WB_SYNC_ALL,
                .nr_to_write = LONG_MAX,
                .range_start = range_start,
                .range_end = range_end,
        };
        int ret;

        BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
        if (clear_page_dirty_for_io(page)) {
                ret = nfs_writepage_locked(page, &wbc);
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;
        }
        if (!PagePrivate(page))
                return 0;
        ret = nfs_sync_mapping_wait(page->mapping, &wbc, how);
        if (ret >= 0)
                return 0;
out:
        __mark_inode_dirty(inode, I_DIRTY_PAGES);
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Write back all requests on one page - we do this before reading it.
 */
int nfs_wb_page(struct inode *inode, struct page* page)
{
        return nfs_wb_page_priority(inode, page, FLUSH_STABLE);
}

int nfs_set_page_dirty(struct page *page)
{
        struct address_space *mapping = page->mapping;
        struct inode *inode;
        struct nfs_page *req;
        int ret;

        if (!mapping)
                goto out_raced;
        inode = mapping->host;
        if (!inode)
                goto out_raced;
        spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
        req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(page);
        if (req != NULL) {
                /* Mark any existing write requests for flushing */
                ret = !test_and_set_bit(PG_NEED_FLUSH, &req->wb_flags);
                spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
                nfs_release_request(req);
                return ret;
        }
        ret = __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(page);
        spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
        return ret;
out_raced:
        return !TestSetPageDirty(page);
}


int __init nfs_init_writepagecache(void)
{
        nfs_wdata_cachep = kmem_cache_create("nfs_write_data",
                                             sizeof(struct nfs_write_data),
                                             0, SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN,
                                             NULL, NULL);
        if (nfs_wdata_cachep == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;

        nfs_wdata_mempool = mempool_create_slab_pool(MIN_POOL_WRITE,
                                                     nfs_wdata_cachep);
        if (nfs_wdata_mempool == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;

        nfs_commit_mempool = mempool_create_slab_pool(MIN_POOL_COMMIT,
                                                      nfs_wdata_cachep);
        if (nfs_commit_mempool == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;

        /*
         * NFS congestion size, scale with available memory.
         *
         *  64MB:    8192k
         * 128MB:   11585k
         * 256MB:   16384k
         * 512MB:   23170k
         *   1GB:   32768k
         *   2GB:   46340k
         *   4GB:   65536k
         *   8GB:   92681k
         *  16GB:  131072k
         *
         * This allows larger machines to have larger/more transfers.
         * Limit the default to 256M
         */
        nfs_congestion_kb = (16*int_sqrt(totalram_pages)) << (PAGE_SHIFT-10);
        if (nfs_congestion_kb > 256*1024)
                nfs_congestion_kb = 256*1024;

        return 0;
}

void nfs_destroy_writepagecache(void)
{
        mempool_destroy(nfs_commit_mempool);
        mempool_destroy(nfs_wdata_mempool);
        kmem_cache_destroy(nfs_wdata_cachep);
}