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1 /*
2 * linux/include/linux/mtd/nand.h
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2000 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@mvhi.com>
5 * Steven J. Hill <sjhill@realitydiluted.com>
6 * Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
7 *
8 * $Id: nand.h,v 1.74 2005/09/15 13:58:50 vwool Exp $
9 *
10 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
12 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
13 *
14 * Info:
15 * Contains standard defines and IDs for NAND flash devices
16 *
17 * Changelog:
18 * See git changelog.
19 */
20 #ifndef __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H
21 #define __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H
22
23 #include <linux/config.h>
24 #include <linux/wait.h>
25 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
26 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
27
28 struct mtd_info;
29 /* Scan and identify a NAND device */
30 extern int nand_scan (struct mtd_info *mtd, int max_chips);
31 /* Free resources held by the NAND device */
32 extern void nand_release (struct mtd_info *mtd);
33
34 /* The maximum number of NAND chips in an array */
35 #define NAND_MAX_CHIPS 8
36
37 /* This constant declares the max. oobsize / page, which
38 * is supported now. If you add a chip with bigger oobsize/page
39 * adjust this accordingly.
40 */
41 #define NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE 64
42 #define NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE 2048
43
44 /*
45 * Constants for hardware specific CLE/ALE/NCE function
46 *
47 * These are bits which can be or'ed to set/clear multiple
48 * bits in one go.
49 */
50 /* Select the chip by setting nCE to low */
51 #define NAND_NCE 0x01
52 /* Select the command latch by setting CLE to high */
53 #define NAND_CLE 0x02
54 /* Select the address latch by setting ALE to high */
55 #define NAND_ALE 0x04
56
57 #define NAND_CTRL_CLE (NAND_NCE | NAND_CLE)
58 #define NAND_CTRL_ALE (NAND_NCE | NAND_ALE)
59 #define NAND_CTRL_CHANGE 0x80
60
61 /*
62 * Standard NAND flash commands
63 */
64 #define NAND_CMD_READ0 0
65 #define NAND_CMD_READ1 1
66 #define NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG 0x10
67 #define NAND_CMD_READOOB 0x50
68 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE1 0x60
69 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS 0x70
70 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_MULTI 0x71
71 #define NAND_CMD_SEQIN 0x80
72 #define NAND_CMD_READID 0x90
73 #define NAND_CMD_ERASE2 0xd0
74 #define NAND_CMD_RESET 0xff
75
76 /* Extended commands for large page devices */
77 #define NAND_CMD_READSTART 0x30
78 #define NAND_CMD_CACHEDPROG 0x15
79
80 /* Extended commands for AG-AND device */
81 /*
82 * Note: the command for NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 is really 0x00 but
83 * there is no way to distinguish that from NAND_CMD_READ0
84 * until the remaining sequence of commands has been completed
85 * so add a high order bit and mask it off in the command.
86 */
87 #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE1 0x100
88 #define NAND_CMD_DEPLETE2 0x38
89 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_MULTI 0x71
90 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR 0x72
91 /* multi-bank error status (banks 0-3) */
92 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR0 0x73
93 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR1 0x74
94 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR2 0x75
95 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_ERROR3 0x76
96 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_RESET 0x7f
97 #define NAND_CMD_STATUS_CLEAR 0xff
98
99 #define NAND_CMD_NONE -1
100
101 /* Status bits */
102 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL 0x01
103 #define NAND_STATUS_FAIL_N1 0x02
104 #define NAND_STATUS_TRUE_READY 0x20
105 #define NAND_STATUS_READY 0x40
106 #define NAND_STATUS_WP 0x80
107
108 /*
109 * Constants for ECC_MODES
110 */
111 typedef enum {
112 NAND_ECC_NONE,
113 NAND_ECC_SOFT,
114 NAND_ECC_HW,
115 NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME,
116 } nand_ecc_modes_t;
117
118 /*
119 * Constants for Hardware ECC
120 */
121 /* Reset Hardware ECC for read */
122 #define NAND_ECC_READ 0
123 /* Reset Hardware ECC for write */
124 #define NAND_ECC_WRITE 1
125 /* Enable Hardware ECC before syndrom is read back from flash */
126 #define NAND_ECC_READSYN 2
127
128 /* Bit mask for flags passed to do_nand_read_ecc */
129 #define NAND_GET_DEVICE 0x80
130
131
132 /* Option constants for bizarre disfunctionality and real
133 * features
134 */
135 /* Chip can not auto increment pages */
136 #define NAND_NO_AUTOINCR 0x00000001
137 /* Buswitdh is 16 bit */
138 #define NAND_BUSWIDTH_16 0x00000002
139 /* Device supports partial programming without padding */
140 #define NAND_NO_PADDING 0x00000004
141 /* Chip has cache program function */
142 #define NAND_CACHEPRG 0x00000008
143 /* Chip has copy back function */
144 #define NAND_COPYBACK 0x00000010
145 /* AND Chip which has 4 banks and a confusing page / block
146 * assignment. See Renesas datasheet for further information */
147 #define NAND_IS_AND 0x00000020
148 /* Chip has a array of 4 pages which can be read without
149 * additional ready /busy waits */
150 #define NAND_4PAGE_ARRAY 0x00000040
151 /* Chip requires that BBT is periodically rewritten to prevent
152 * bits from adjacent blocks from 'leaking' in altering data.
153 * This happens with the Renesas AG-AND chips, possibly others. */
154 #define BBT_AUTO_REFRESH 0x00000080
155 /* Chip does not require ready check on read. True
156 * for all large page devices, as they do not support
157 * autoincrement.*/
158 #define NAND_NO_READRDY 0x00000100
159
160 /* Options valid for Samsung large page devices */
161 #define NAND_SAMSUNG_LP_OPTIONS \
162 (NAND_NO_PADDING | NAND_CACHEPRG | NAND_COPYBACK)
163
164 /* Macros to identify the above */
165 #define NAND_CANAUTOINCR(chip) (!(chip->options & NAND_NO_AUTOINCR))
166 #define NAND_MUST_PAD(chip) (!(chip->options & NAND_NO_PADDING))
167 #define NAND_HAS_CACHEPROG(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_CACHEPRG))
168 #define NAND_HAS_COPYBACK(chip) ((chip->options & NAND_COPYBACK))
169
170 /* Mask to zero out the chip options, which come from the id table */
171 #define NAND_CHIPOPTIONS_MSK (0x0000ffff & ~NAND_NO_AUTOINCR)
172
173 /* Non chip related options */
174 /* Use a flash based bad block table. This option is passed to the
175 * default bad block table function. */
176 #define NAND_USE_FLASH_BBT 0x00010000
177 /* This option skips the bbt scan during initialization. */
178 #define NAND_SKIP_BBTSCAN 0x00020000
179
180 /* Options set by nand scan */
181 /* Nand scan has allocated controller struct */
182 #define NAND_CONTROLLER_ALLOC 0x80000000
183
184
185 /*
186 * nand_state_t - chip states
187 * Enumeration for NAND flash chip state
188 */
189 typedef enum {
190 FL_READY,
191 FL_READING,
192 FL_WRITING,
193 FL_ERASING,
194 FL_SYNCING,
195 FL_CACHEDPRG,
196 FL_PM_SUSPENDED,
197 } nand_state_t;
198
199 /* Keep gcc happy */
200 struct nand_chip;
201
202 /**
203 * struct nand_hw_control - Control structure for hardware controller (e.g ECC generator) shared among independend devices
204 * @lock: protection lock
205 * @active: the mtd device which holds the controller currently
206 * @wq: wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in progress
207 * used instead of the per chip wait queue when a hw controller is available
208 */
209 struct nand_hw_control {
210 spinlock_t lock;
211 struct nand_chip *active;
212 wait_queue_head_t wq;
213 };
214
215 /**
216 * struct nand_ecc_ctrl - Control structure for ecc
217 * @mode: ecc mode
218 * @steps: number of ecc steps per page
219 * @size: data bytes per ecc step
220 * @bytes: ecc bytes per step
221 * @total: total number of ecc bytes per page
222 * @prepad: padding information for syndrome based ecc generators
223 * @postpad: padding information for syndrome based ecc generators
224 * @hwctl: function to control hardware ecc generator. Must only
225 * be provided if an hardware ECC is available
226 * @calculate: function for ecc calculation or readback from ecc hardware
227 * @correct: function for ecc correction, matching to ecc generator (sw/hw)
228 * @read_page: function to read a page according to the ecc generator requirements
229 * @write_page: function to write a page according to the ecc generator requirements
230 */
231 struct nand_ecc_ctrl {
232 nand_ecc_modes_t mode;
233 int steps;
234 int size;
235 int bytes;
236 int total;
237 int prepad;
238 int postpad;
239 struct nand_ecclayout *layout;
240 void (*hwctl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode);
241 int (*calculate)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
242 const uint8_t *dat,
243 uint8_t *ecc_code);
244 int (*correct)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *dat,
245 uint8_t *read_ecc,
246 uint8_t *calc_ecc);
247 int (*read_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
248 struct nand_chip *chip,
249 uint8_t *buf);
250 void (*write_page)(struct mtd_info *mtd,
251 struct nand_chip *chip,
252 const uint8_t *buf);
253 };
254
255 /**
256 * struct nand_buffers - buffer structure for read/write
257 * @ecccalc: buffer for calculated ecc
258 * @ecccode: buffer for ecc read from flash
259 * @oobwbuf: buffer for write oob data
260 * @databuf: buffer for data - dynamically sized
261 * @oobrbuf: buffer to read oob data
262 *
263 * Do not change the order of buffers. databuf and oobrbuf must be in
264 * consecutive order.
265 */
266 struct nand_buffers {
267 uint8_t ecccalc[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
268 uint8_t ecccode[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
269 uint8_t oobwbuf[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
270 uint8_t databuf[NAND_MAX_PAGESIZE];
271 uint8_t oobrbuf[NAND_MAX_OOBSIZE];
272 };
273
274 /**
275 * struct nand_chip - NAND Private Flash Chip Data
276 * @IO_ADDR_R: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to read the 8 I/O lines of the flash device
277 * @IO_ADDR_W: [BOARDSPECIFIC] address to write the 8 I/O lines of the flash device
278 * @read_byte: [REPLACEABLE] read one byte from the chip
279 * @read_word: [REPLACEABLE] read one word from the chip
280 * @write_buf: [REPLACEABLE] write data from the buffer to the chip
281 * @read_buf: [REPLACEABLE] read data from the chip into the buffer
282 * @verify_buf: [REPLACEABLE] verify buffer contents against the chip data
283 * @select_chip: [REPLACEABLE] select chip nr
284 * @block_bad: [REPLACEABLE] check, if the block is bad
285 * @block_markbad: [REPLACEABLE] mark the block bad
286 * @cmd_ctrl: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific funtion for controlling
287 * ALE/CLE/nCE. Also used to write command and address
288 * @dev_ready: [BOARDSPECIFIC] hardwarespecific function for accesing device ready/busy line
289 * If set to NULL no access to ready/busy is available and the ready/busy information
290 * is read from the chip status register
291 * @cmdfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for writing commands to the chip
292 * @waitfunc: [REPLACEABLE] hardwarespecific function for wait on ready
293 * @ecc: [BOARDSPECIFIC] ecc control ctructure
294 * @erase_cmd: [INTERN] erase command write function, selectable due to AND support
295 * @scan_bbt: [REPLACEABLE] function to scan bad block table
296 * @chip_delay: [BOARDSPECIFIC] chip dependent delay for transfering data from array to read regs (tR)
297 * @wq: [INTERN] wait queue to sleep on if a NAND operation is in progress
298 * @state: [INTERN] the current state of the NAND device
299 * @page_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a page (column address bits)
300 * @phys_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a physical eraseblock
301 * @bbt_erase_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in a bbt entry
302 * @chip_shift: [INTERN] number of address bits in one chip
303 * @datbuf: [INTERN] internal buffer for one page + oob
304 * @oobbuf: [INTERN] oob buffer for one eraseblock
305 * @oobdirty: [INTERN] indicates that oob_buf must be reinitialized
306 * @data_poi: [INTERN] pointer to a data buffer
307 * @options: [BOARDSPECIFIC] various chip options. They can partly be set to inform nand_scan about
308 * special functionality. See the defines for further explanation
309 * @badblockpos: [INTERN] position of the bad block marker in the oob area
310 * @numchips: [INTERN] number of physical chips
311 * @chipsize: [INTERN] the size of one chip for multichip arrays
312 * @pagemask: [INTERN] page number mask = number of (pages / chip) - 1
313 * @pagebuf: [INTERN] holds the pagenumber which is currently in data_buf
314 * @ecclayout: [REPLACEABLE] the default ecc placement scheme
315 * @bbt: [INTERN] bad block table pointer
316 * @bbt_td: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table descriptor for flash lookup
317 * @bbt_md: [REPLACEABLE] bad block table mirror descriptor
318 * @badblock_pattern: [REPLACEABLE] bad block scan pattern used for initial bad block scan
319 * @controller: [REPLACEABLE] a pointer to a hardware controller structure
320 * which is shared among multiple independend devices
321 * @priv: [OPTIONAL] pointer to private chip date
322 * @errstat: [OPTIONAL] hardware specific function to perform additional error status checks
323 * (determine if errors are correctable)
324 */
325
326 struct nand_chip {
327 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_R;
328 void __iomem *IO_ADDR_W;
329
330 uint8_t (*read_byte)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
331 u16 (*read_word)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
332 void (*write_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
333 void (*read_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len);
334 int (*verify_buf)(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len);
335 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
336 int (*block_bad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs, int getchip);
337 int (*block_markbad)(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t ofs);
338 void (*cmd_ctrl)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat,
339 unsigned int ctrl);
340 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
341 void (*cmdfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned command, int column, int page_addr);
342 int (*waitfunc)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this, int state);
343 void (*erase_cmd)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int page);
344 int (*scan_bbt)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
345 int (*errstat)(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *this, int state, int status, int page);
346
347 int chip_delay;
348 unsigned int options;
349
350 int page_shift;
351 int phys_erase_shift;
352 int bbt_erase_shift;
353 int chip_shift;
354 int numchips;
355 unsigned long chipsize;
356 int pagemask;
357 int pagebuf;
358 int badblockpos;
359
360 nand_state_t state;
361
362 uint8_t *oob_poi;
363 struct nand_hw_control *controller;
364 struct nand_ecclayout *ecclayout;
365
366 struct nand_ecc_ctrl ecc;
367 struct nand_buffers buffers;
368 struct nand_hw_control hwcontrol;
369
370 struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
371
372 uint8_t *bbt;
373 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_td;
374 struct nand_bbt_descr *bbt_md;
375
376 struct nand_bbt_descr *badblock_pattern;
377
378 void *priv;
379 };
380
381 /*
382 * NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Codes
383 */
384 #define NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA 0x98
385 #define NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG 0xec
386 #define NAND_MFR_FUJITSU 0x04
387 #define NAND_MFR_NATIONAL 0x8f
388 #define NAND_MFR_RENESAS 0x07
389 #define NAND_MFR_STMICRO 0x20
390 #define NAND_MFR_HYNIX 0xad
391
392 /**
393 * struct nand_flash_dev - NAND Flash Device ID Structure
394 *
395 * @name: Identify the device type
396 * @id: device ID code
397 * @pagesize: Pagesize in bytes. Either 256 or 512 or 0
398 * If the pagesize is 0, then the real pagesize
399 * and the eraseize are determined from the
400 * extended id bytes in the chip
401 * @erasesize: Size of an erase block in the flash device.
402 * @chipsize: Total chipsize in Mega Bytes
403 * @options: Bitfield to store chip relevant options
404 */
405 struct nand_flash_dev {
406 char *name;
407 int id;
408 unsigned long pagesize;
409 unsigned long chipsize;
410 unsigned long erasesize;
411 unsigned long options;
412 };
413
414 /**
415 * struct nand_manufacturers - NAND Flash Manufacturer ID Structure
416 * @name: Manufacturer name
417 * @id: manufacturer ID code of device.
418 */
419 struct nand_manufacturers {
420 int id;
421 char * name;
422 };
423
424 extern struct nand_flash_dev nand_flash_ids[];
425 extern struct nand_manufacturers nand_manuf_ids[];
426
427 /**
428 * struct nand_bbt_descr - bad block table descriptor
429 * @options: options for this descriptor
430 * @pages: the page(s) where we find the bbt, used with option BBT_ABSPAGE
431 * when bbt is searched, then we store the found bbts pages here.
432 * Its an array and supports up to 8 chips now
433 * @offs: offset of the pattern in the oob area of the page
434 * @veroffs: offset of the bbt version counter in the oob are of the page
435 * @version: version read from the bbt page during scan
436 * @len: length of the pattern, if 0 no pattern check is performed
437 * @maxblocks: maximum number of blocks to search for a bbt. This number of
438 * blocks is reserved at the end of the device where the tables are
439 * written.
440 * @reserved_block_code: if non-0, this pattern denotes a reserved (rather than
441 * bad) block in the stored bbt
442 * @pattern: pattern to identify bad block table or factory marked good /
443 * bad blocks, can be NULL, if len = 0
444 *
445 * Descriptor for the bad block table marker and the descriptor for the
446 * pattern which identifies good and bad blocks. The assumption is made
447 * that the pattern and the version count are always located in the oob area
448 * of the first block.
449 */
450 struct nand_bbt_descr {
451 int options;
452 int pages[NAND_MAX_CHIPS];
453 int offs;
454 int veroffs;
455 uint8_t version[NAND_MAX_CHIPS];
456 int len;
457 int maxblocks;
458 int reserved_block_code;
459 uint8_t *pattern;
460 };
461
462 /* Options for the bad block table descriptors */
463
464 /* The number of bits used per block in the bbt on the device */
465 #define NAND_BBT_NRBITS_MSK 0x0000000F
466 #define NAND_BBT_1BIT 0x00000001
467 #define NAND_BBT_2BIT 0x00000002
468 #define NAND_BBT_4BIT 0x00000004
469 #define NAND_BBT_8BIT 0x00000008
470 /* The bad block table is in the last good block of the device */
471 #define NAND_BBT_LASTBLOCK 0x00000010
472 /* The bbt is at the given page, else we must scan for the bbt */
473 #define NAND_BBT_ABSPAGE 0x00000020
474 /* The bbt is at the given page, else we must scan for the bbt */
475 #define NAND_BBT_SEARCH 0x00000040
476 /* bbt is stored per chip on multichip devices */
477 #define NAND_BBT_PERCHIP 0x00000080
478 /* bbt has a version counter at offset veroffs */
479 #define NAND_BBT_VERSION 0x00000100
480 /* Create a bbt if none axists */
481 #define NAND_BBT_CREATE 0x00000200
482 /* Search good / bad pattern through all pages of a block */
483 #define NAND_BBT_SCANALLPAGES 0x00000400
484 /* Scan block empty during good / bad block scan */
485 #define NAND_BBT_SCANEMPTY 0x00000800
486 /* Write bbt if neccecary */
487 #define NAND_BBT_WRITE 0x00001000
488 /* Read and write back block contents when writing bbt */
489 #define NAND_BBT_SAVECONTENT 0x00002000
490 /* Search good / bad pattern on the first and the second page */
491 #define NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE 0x00004000
492
493 /* The maximum number of blocks to scan for a bbt */
494 #define NAND_BBT_SCAN_MAXBLOCKS 4
495
496 extern int nand_scan_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_bbt_descr *bd);
497 extern int nand_update_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs);
498 extern int nand_default_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd);
499 extern int nand_isbad_bbt(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t offs, int allowbbt);
500 extern int nand_erase_nand(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr,
501 int allowbbt);
502 extern int nand_do_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len,
503 size_t * retlen, uint8_t * buf);
504
505 /*
506 * Constants for oob configuration
507 */
508 #define NAND_SMALL_BADBLOCK_POS 5
509 #define NAND_LARGE_BADBLOCK_POS 0
510
511 /**
512 * struct platform_nand_chip - chip level device structure
513 *
514 * @nr_chips: max. number of chips to scan for
515 * @chip_offs: chip number offset
516 * @nr_partitions: number of partitions pointed to by partitions (or zero)
517 * @partitions: mtd partition list
518 * @chip_delay: R/B delay value in us
519 * @options: Option flags, e.g. 16bit buswidth
520 * @ecclayout: ecc layout info structure
521 * @priv: hardware controller specific settings
522 */
523 struct platform_nand_chip {
524 int nr_chips;
525 int chip_offset;
526 int nr_partitions;
527 struct mtd_partition *partitions;
528 struct nand_ecclayout *ecclayout;
529 int chip_delay;
530 unsigned int options;
531 void *priv;
532 };
533
534 /**
535 * struct platform_nand_ctrl - controller level device structure
536 *
537 * @hwcontrol: platform specific hardware control structure
538 * @dev_ready: platform specific function to read ready/busy pin
539 * @select_chip: platform specific chip select function
540 * @priv_data: private data to transport driver specific settings
541 *
542 * All fields are optional and depend on the hardware driver requirements
543 */
544 struct platform_nand_ctrl {
545 void (*hwcontrol)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd);
546 int (*dev_ready)(struct mtd_info *mtd);
547 void (*select_chip)(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chip);
548 void *priv;
549 };
550
551 /* Some helpers to access the data structures */
552 static inline
553 struct platform_nand_chip *get_platform_nandchip(struct mtd_info *mtd)
554 {
555 struct nand_chip *chip = mtd->priv;
556
557 return chip->priv;
558 }
559
560 #endif /* __LINUX_MTD_NAND_H */