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1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3 * kernel userspace event delivery
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) 2004 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
6 * Copyright (C) 2004 Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
7 * Copyright (C) 2004 IBM, Inc. All rights reserved.
8 *
9 * Authors:
10 * Robert Love <rml@novell.com>
11 * Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
12 * Arjan van de Ven <arjanv@redhat.com>
13 * Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
14 */
15
16 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
17 #include <linux/string.h>
18 #include <linux/kobject.h>
19 #include <linux/export.h>
20 #include <linux/kmod.h>
21 #include <linux/slab.h>
22 #include <linux/socket.h>
23 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
24 #include <linux/netlink.h>
25 #include <linux/uuid.h>
26 #include <linux/ctype.h>
27 #include <net/sock.h>
28 #include <net/netlink.h>
29 #include <net/net_namespace.h>
30
31
32 u64 uevent_seqnum;
33 #ifdef CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER
34 char uevent_helper[UEVENT_HELPER_PATH_LEN] = CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER_PATH;
35 #endif
36
37 struct uevent_sock {
38 struct list_head list;
39 struct sock *sk;
40 };
41
42 #ifdef CONFIG_NET
43 static LIST_HEAD(uevent_sock_list);
44 #endif
45
46 /* This lock protects uevent_seqnum and uevent_sock_list */
47 static DEFINE_MUTEX(uevent_sock_mutex);
48
49 /* the strings here must match the enum in include/linux/kobject.h */
50 static const char *kobject_actions[] = {
51 [KOBJ_ADD] = "add",
52 [KOBJ_REMOVE] = "remove",
53 [KOBJ_CHANGE] = "change",
54 [KOBJ_MOVE] = "move",
55 [KOBJ_ONLINE] = "online",
56 [KOBJ_OFFLINE] = "offline",
57 [KOBJ_BIND] = "bind",
58 [KOBJ_UNBIND] = "unbind",
59 };
60
61 static int kobject_action_type(const char *buf, size_t count,
62 enum kobject_action *type,
63 const char **args)
64 {
65 enum kobject_action action;
66 size_t count_first;
67 const char *args_start;
68 int ret = -EINVAL;
69
70 if (count && (buf[count-1] == '\n' || buf[count-1] == '\0'))
71 count--;
72
73 if (!count)
74 goto out;
75
76 args_start = strnchr(buf, count, ' ');
77 if (args_start) {
78 count_first = args_start - buf;
79 args_start = args_start + 1;
80 } else
81 count_first = count;
82
83 for (action = 0; action < ARRAY_SIZE(kobject_actions); action++) {
84 if (strncmp(kobject_actions[action], buf, count_first) != 0)
85 continue;
86 if (kobject_actions[action][count_first] != '\0')
87 continue;
88 if (args)
89 *args = args_start;
90 *type = action;
91 ret = 0;
92 break;
93 }
94 out:
95 return ret;
96 }
97
98 static const char *action_arg_word_end(const char *buf, const char *buf_end,
99 char delim)
100 {
101 const char *next = buf;
102
103 while (next <= buf_end && *next != delim)
104 if (!isalnum(*next++))
105 return NULL;
106
107 if (next == buf)
108 return NULL;
109
110 return next;
111 }
112
113 static int kobject_action_args(const char *buf, size_t count,
114 struct kobj_uevent_env **ret_env)
115 {
116 struct kobj_uevent_env *env = NULL;
117 const char *next, *buf_end, *key;
118 int key_len;
119 int r = -EINVAL;
120
121 if (count && (buf[count - 1] == '\n' || buf[count - 1] == '\0'))
122 count--;
123
124 if (!count)
125 return -EINVAL;
126
127 env = kzalloc(sizeof(*env), GFP_KERNEL);
128 if (!env)
129 return -ENOMEM;
130
131 /* first arg is UUID */
132 if (count < UUID_STRING_LEN || !uuid_is_valid(buf) ||
133 add_uevent_var(env, "SYNTH_UUID=%.*s", UUID_STRING_LEN, buf))
134 goto out;
135
136 /*
137 * the rest are custom environment variables in KEY=VALUE
138 * format with ' ' delimiter between each KEY=VALUE pair
139 */
140 next = buf + UUID_STRING_LEN;
141 buf_end = buf + count - 1;
142
143 while (next <= buf_end) {
144 if (*next != ' ')
145 goto out;
146
147 /* skip the ' ', key must follow */
148 key = ++next;
149 if (key > buf_end)
150 goto out;
151
152 buf = next;
153 next = action_arg_word_end(buf, buf_end, '=');
154 if (!next || next > buf_end || *next != '=')
155 goto out;
156 key_len = next - buf;
157
158 /* skip the '=', value must follow */
159 if (++next > buf_end)
160 goto out;
161
162 buf = next;
163 next = action_arg_word_end(buf, buf_end, ' ');
164 if (!next)
165 goto out;
166
167 if (add_uevent_var(env, "SYNTH_ARG_%.*s=%.*s",
168 key_len, key, (int) (next - buf), buf))
169 goto out;
170 }
171
172 r = 0;
173 out:
174 if (r)
175 kfree(env);
176 else
177 *ret_env = env;
178 return r;
179 }
180
181 /**
182 * kobject_synth_uevent - send synthetic uevent with arguments
183 *
184 * @kobj: struct kobject for which synthetic uevent is to be generated
185 * @buf: buffer containing action type and action args, newline is ignored
186 * @count: length of buffer
187 *
188 * Returns 0 if kobject_synthetic_uevent() is completed with success or the
189 * corresponding error when it fails.
190 */
191 int kobject_synth_uevent(struct kobject *kobj, const char *buf, size_t count)
192 {
193 char *no_uuid_envp[] = { "SYNTH_UUID=0", NULL };
194 enum kobject_action action;
195 const char *action_args;
196 struct kobj_uevent_env *env;
197 const char *msg = NULL, *devpath;
198 int r;
199
200 r = kobject_action_type(buf, count, &action, &action_args);
201 if (r) {
202 msg = "unknown uevent action string\n";
203 goto out;
204 }
205
206 if (!action_args) {
207 r = kobject_uevent_env(kobj, action, no_uuid_envp);
208 goto out;
209 }
210
211 r = kobject_action_args(action_args,
212 count - (action_args - buf), &env);
213 if (r == -EINVAL) {
214 msg = "incorrect uevent action arguments\n";
215 goto out;
216 }
217
218 if (r)
219 goto out;
220
221 r = kobject_uevent_env(kobj, action, env->envp);
222 kfree(env);
223 out:
224 if (r) {
225 devpath = kobject_get_path(kobj, GFP_KERNEL);
226 printk(KERN_WARNING "synth uevent: %s: %s",
227 devpath ?: "unknown device",
228 msg ?: "failed to send uevent");
229 kfree(devpath);
230 }
231 return r;
232 }
233
234 #ifdef CONFIG_NET
235 static int kobj_bcast_filter(struct sock *dsk, struct sk_buff *skb, void *data)
236 {
237 struct kobject *kobj = data, *ksobj;
238 const struct kobj_ns_type_operations *ops;
239
240 ops = kobj_ns_ops(kobj);
241 if (!ops && kobj->kset) {
242 ksobj = &kobj->kset->kobj;
243 if (ksobj->parent != NULL)
244 ops = kobj_ns_ops(ksobj->parent);
245 }
246
247 if (ops && ops->netlink_ns && kobj->ktype->namespace) {
248 const void *sock_ns, *ns;
249 ns = kobj->ktype->namespace(kobj);
250 sock_ns = ops->netlink_ns(dsk);
251 return sock_ns != ns;
252 }
253
254 return 0;
255 }
256 #endif
257
258 #ifdef CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER
259 static int kobj_usermode_filter(struct kobject *kobj)
260 {
261 const struct kobj_ns_type_operations *ops;
262
263 ops = kobj_ns_ops(kobj);
264 if (ops) {
265 const void *init_ns, *ns;
266 ns = kobj->ktype->namespace(kobj);
267 init_ns = ops->initial_ns();
268 return ns != init_ns;
269 }
270
271 return 0;
272 }
273
274 static int init_uevent_argv(struct kobj_uevent_env *env, const char *subsystem)
275 {
276 int len;
277
278 len = strlcpy(&env->buf[env->buflen], subsystem,
279 sizeof(env->buf) - env->buflen);
280 if (len >= (sizeof(env->buf) - env->buflen)) {
281 WARN(1, KERN_ERR "init_uevent_argv: buffer size too small\n");
282 return -ENOMEM;
283 }
284
285 env->argv[0] = uevent_helper;
286 env->argv[1] = &env->buf[env->buflen];
287 env->argv[2] = NULL;
288
289 env->buflen += len + 1;
290 return 0;
291 }
292
293 static void cleanup_uevent_env(struct subprocess_info *info)
294 {
295 kfree(info->data);
296 }
297 #endif
298
299 static int kobject_uevent_net_broadcast(struct kobject *kobj,
300 struct kobj_uevent_env *env,
301 const char *action_string,
302 const char *devpath)
303 {
304 int retval = 0;
305 #if defined(CONFIG_NET)
306 struct sk_buff *skb = NULL;
307 struct uevent_sock *ue_sk;
308
309 /* send netlink message */
310 list_for_each_entry(ue_sk, &uevent_sock_list, list) {
311 struct sock *uevent_sock = ue_sk->sk;
312
313 if (!netlink_has_listeners(uevent_sock, 1))
314 continue;
315
316 if (!skb) {
317 /* allocate message with the maximum possible size */
318 size_t len = strlen(action_string) + strlen(devpath) + 2;
319 char *scratch;
320
321 retval = -ENOMEM;
322 skb = alloc_skb(len + env->buflen, GFP_KERNEL);
323 if (!skb)
324 continue;
325
326 /* add header */
327 scratch = skb_put(skb, len);
328 sprintf(scratch, "%s@%s", action_string, devpath);
329
330 skb_put_data(skb, env->buf, env->buflen);
331
332 NETLINK_CB(skb).dst_group = 1;
333 }
334
335 retval = netlink_broadcast_filtered(uevent_sock, skb_get(skb),
336 0, 1, GFP_KERNEL,
337 kobj_bcast_filter,
338 kobj);
339 /* ENOBUFS should be handled in userspace */
340 if (retval == -ENOBUFS || retval == -ESRCH)
341 retval = 0;
342 }
343 consume_skb(skb);
344 #endif
345 return retval;
346 }
347
348 static void zap_modalias_env(struct kobj_uevent_env *env)
349 {
350 static const char modalias_prefix[] = "MODALIAS=";
351 size_t len;
352 int i, j;
353
354 for (i = 0; i < env->envp_idx;) {
355 if (strncmp(env->envp[i], modalias_prefix,
356 sizeof(modalias_prefix) - 1)) {
357 i++;
358 continue;
359 }
360
361 len = strlen(env->envp[i]) + 1;
362
363 if (i != env->envp_idx - 1) {
364 memmove(env->envp[i], env->envp[i + 1],
365 env->buflen - len);
366
367 for (j = i; j < env->envp_idx - 1; j++)
368 env->envp[j] = env->envp[j + 1] - len;
369 }
370
371 env->envp_idx--;
372 env->buflen -= len;
373 }
374 }
375
376 /**
377 * kobject_uevent_env - send an uevent with environmental data
378 *
379 * @kobj: struct kobject that the action is happening to
380 * @action: action that is happening
381 * @envp_ext: pointer to environmental data
382 *
383 * Returns 0 if kobject_uevent_env() is completed with success or the
384 * corresponding error when it fails.
385 */
386 int kobject_uevent_env(struct kobject *kobj, enum kobject_action action,
387 char *envp_ext[])
388 {
389 struct kobj_uevent_env *env;
390 const char *action_string = kobject_actions[action];
391 const char *devpath = NULL;
392 const char *subsystem;
393 struct kobject *top_kobj;
394 struct kset *kset;
395 const struct kset_uevent_ops *uevent_ops;
396 int i = 0;
397 int retval = 0;
398
399 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s\n",
400 kobject_name(kobj), kobj, __func__);
401
402 /* search the kset we belong to */
403 top_kobj = kobj;
404 while (!top_kobj->kset && top_kobj->parent)
405 top_kobj = top_kobj->parent;
406
407 if (!top_kobj->kset) {
408 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: attempted to send uevent "
409 "without kset!\n", kobject_name(kobj), kobj,
410 __func__);
411 return -EINVAL;
412 }
413
414 kset = top_kobj->kset;
415 uevent_ops = kset->uevent_ops;
416
417 /* skip the event, if uevent_suppress is set*/
418 if (kobj->uevent_suppress) {
419 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: uevent_suppress "
420 "caused the event to drop!\n",
421 kobject_name(kobj), kobj, __func__);
422 return 0;
423 }
424 /* skip the event, if the filter returns zero. */
425 if (uevent_ops && uevent_ops->filter)
426 if (!uevent_ops->filter(kset, kobj)) {
427 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: filter function "
428 "caused the event to drop!\n",
429 kobject_name(kobj), kobj, __func__);
430 return 0;
431 }
432
433 /* originating subsystem */
434 if (uevent_ops && uevent_ops->name)
435 subsystem = uevent_ops->name(kset, kobj);
436 else
437 subsystem = kobject_name(&kset->kobj);
438 if (!subsystem) {
439 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: unset subsystem caused the "
440 "event to drop!\n", kobject_name(kobj), kobj,
441 __func__);
442 return 0;
443 }
444
445 /* environment buffer */
446 env = kzalloc(sizeof(struct kobj_uevent_env), GFP_KERNEL);
447 if (!env)
448 return -ENOMEM;
449
450 /* complete object path */
451 devpath = kobject_get_path(kobj, GFP_KERNEL);
452 if (!devpath) {
453 retval = -ENOENT;
454 goto exit;
455 }
456
457 /* default keys */
458 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "ACTION=%s", action_string);
459 if (retval)
460 goto exit;
461 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "DEVPATH=%s", devpath);
462 if (retval)
463 goto exit;
464 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "SUBSYSTEM=%s", subsystem);
465 if (retval)
466 goto exit;
467
468 /* keys passed in from the caller */
469 if (envp_ext) {
470 for (i = 0; envp_ext[i]; i++) {
471 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "%s", envp_ext[i]);
472 if (retval)
473 goto exit;
474 }
475 }
476
477 /* let the kset specific function add its stuff */
478 if (uevent_ops && uevent_ops->uevent) {
479 retval = uevent_ops->uevent(kset, kobj, env);
480 if (retval) {
481 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: uevent() returned "
482 "%d\n", kobject_name(kobj), kobj,
483 __func__, retval);
484 goto exit;
485 }
486 }
487
488 switch (action) {
489 case KOBJ_ADD:
490 /*
491 * Mark "add" event so we can make sure we deliver "remove"
492 * event to userspace during automatic cleanup. If
493 * the object did send an "add" event, "remove" will
494 * automatically generated by the core, if not already done
495 * by the caller.
496 */
497 kobj->state_add_uevent_sent = 1;
498 break;
499
500 case KOBJ_REMOVE:
501 kobj->state_remove_uevent_sent = 1;
502 break;
503
504 case KOBJ_UNBIND:
505 zap_modalias_env(env);
506 break;
507
508 default:
509 break;
510 }
511
512 mutex_lock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
513 /* we will send an event, so request a new sequence number */
514 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "SEQNUM=%llu", (unsigned long long)++uevent_seqnum);
515 if (retval) {
516 mutex_unlock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
517 goto exit;
518 }
519 retval = kobject_uevent_net_broadcast(kobj, env, action_string,
520 devpath);
521 mutex_unlock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
522
523 #ifdef CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER
524 /* call uevent_helper, usually only enabled during early boot */
525 if (uevent_helper[0] && !kobj_usermode_filter(kobj)) {
526 struct subprocess_info *info;
527
528 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "HOME=/");
529 if (retval)
530 goto exit;
531 retval = add_uevent_var(env,
532 "PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin");
533 if (retval)
534 goto exit;
535 retval = init_uevent_argv(env, subsystem);
536 if (retval)
537 goto exit;
538
539 retval = -ENOMEM;
540 info = call_usermodehelper_setup(env->argv[0], env->argv,
541 env->envp, GFP_KERNEL,
542 NULL, cleanup_uevent_env, env);
543 if (info) {
544 retval = call_usermodehelper_exec(info, UMH_NO_WAIT);
545 env = NULL; /* freed by cleanup_uevent_env */
546 }
547 }
548 #endif
549
550 exit:
551 kfree(devpath);
552 kfree(env);
553 return retval;
554 }
555 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kobject_uevent_env);
556
557 /**
558 * kobject_uevent - notify userspace by sending an uevent
559 *
560 * @kobj: struct kobject that the action is happening to
561 * @action: action that is happening
562 *
563 * Returns 0 if kobject_uevent() is completed with success or the
564 * corresponding error when it fails.
565 */
566 int kobject_uevent(struct kobject *kobj, enum kobject_action action)
567 {
568 return kobject_uevent_env(kobj, action, NULL);
569 }
570 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kobject_uevent);
571
572 /**
573 * add_uevent_var - add key value string to the environment buffer
574 * @env: environment buffer structure
575 * @format: printf format for the key=value pair
576 *
577 * Returns 0 if environment variable was added successfully or -ENOMEM
578 * if no space was available.
579 */
580 int add_uevent_var(struct kobj_uevent_env *env, const char *format, ...)
581 {
582 va_list args;
583 int len;
584
585 if (env->envp_idx >= ARRAY_SIZE(env->envp)) {
586 WARN(1, KERN_ERR "add_uevent_var: too many keys\n");
587 return -ENOMEM;
588 }
589
590 va_start(args, format);
591 len = vsnprintf(&env->buf[env->buflen],
592 sizeof(env->buf) - env->buflen,
593 format, args);
594 va_end(args);
595
596 if (len >= (sizeof(env->buf) - env->buflen)) {
597 WARN(1, KERN_ERR "add_uevent_var: buffer size too small\n");
598 return -ENOMEM;
599 }
600
601 env->envp[env->envp_idx++] = &env->buf[env->buflen];
602 env->buflen += len + 1;
603 return 0;
604 }
605 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(add_uevent_var);
606
607 #if defined(CONFIG_NET)
608 static int uevent_net_broadcast(struct sock *usk, struct sk_buff *skb,
609 struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
610 {
611 /* u64 to chars: 2^64 - 1 = 21 chars */
612 char buf[sizeof("SEQNUM=") + 21];
613 struct sk_buff *skbc;
614 int ret;
615
616 /* bump and prepare sequence number */
617 ret = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "SEQNUM=%llu", ++uevent_seqnum);
618 if (ret < 0 || (size_t)ret >= sizeof(buf))
619 return -ENOMEM;
620 ret++;
621
622 /* verify message does not overflow */
623 if ((skb->len + ret) > UEVENT_BUFFER_SIZE) {
624 NL_SET_ERR_MSG(extack, "uevent message too big");
625 return -EINVAL;
626 }
627
628 /* copy skb and extend to accommodate sequence number */
629 skbc = skb_copy_expand(skb, 0, ret, GFP_KERNEL);
630 if (!skbc)
631 return -ENOMEM;
632
633 /* append sequence number */
634 skb_put_data(skbc, buf, ret);
635
636 /* remove msg header */
637 skb_pull(skbc, NLMSG_HDRLEN);
638
639 /* set portid 0 to inform userspace message comes from kernel */
640 NETLINK_CB(skbc).portid = 0;
641 NETLINK_CB(skbc).dst_group = 1;
642
643 ret = netlink_broadcast(usk, skbc, 0, 1, GFP_KERNEL);
644 /* ENOBUFS should be handled in userspace */
645 if (ret == -ENOBUFS || ret == -ESRCH)
646 ret = 0;
647
648 return ret;
649 }
650
651 static int uevent_net_rcv_skb(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nlmsghdr *nlh,
652 struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
653 {
654 struct net *net;
655 int ret;
656
657 if (!nlmsg_data(nlh))
658 return -EINVAL;
659
660 /*
661 * Verify that we are allowed to send messages to the target
662 * network namespace. The caller must have CAP_SYS_ADMIN in the
663 * owning user namespace of the target network namespace.
664 */
665 net = sock_net(NETLINK_CB(skb).sk);
666 if (!netlink_ns_capable(skb, net->user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
667 NL_SET_ERR_MSG(extack, "missing CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability");
668 return -EPERM;
669 }
670
671 mutex_lock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
672 ret = uevent_net_broadcast(net->uevent_sock->sk, skb, extack);
673 mutex_unlock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
674
675 return ret;
676 }
677
678 static void uevent_net_rcv(struct sk_buff *skb)
679 {
680 netlink_rcv_skb(skb, &uevent_net_rcv_skb);
681 }
682
683 static int uevent_net_init(struct net *net)
684 {
685 struct uevent_sock *ue_sk;
686 struct netlink_kernel_cfg cfg = {
687 .groups = 1,
688 .input = uevent_net_rcv,
689 .flags = NL_CFG_F_NONROOT_RECV
690 };
691
692 ue_sk = kzalloc(sizeof(*ue_sk), GFP_KERNEL);
693 if (!ue_sk)
694 return -ENOMEM;
695
696 ue_sk->sk = netlink_kernel_create(net, NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT, &cfg);
697 if (!ue_sk->sk) {
698 printk(KERN_ERR
699 "kobject_uevent: unable to create netlink socket!\n");
700 kfree(ue_sk);
701 return -ENODEV;
702 }
703
704 net->uevent_sock = ue_sk;
705
706 mutex_lock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
707 list_add_tail(&ue_sk->list, &uevent_sock_list);
708 mutex_unlock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
709 return 0;
710 }
711
712 static void uevent_net_exit(struct net *net)
713 {
714 struct uevent_sock *ue_sk = net->uevent_sock;
715
716 mutex_lock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
717 list_del(&ue_sk->list);
718 mutex_unlock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
719
720 netlink_kernel_release(ue_sk->sk);
721 kfree(ue_sk);
722 }
723
724 static struct pernet_operations uevent_net_ops = {
725 .init = uevent_net_init,
726 .exit = uevent_net_exit,
727 };
728
729 static int __init kobject_uevent_init(void)
730 {
731 return register_pernet_subsys(&uevent_net_ops);
732 }
733
734
735 postcore_initcall(kobject_uevent_init);
736 #endif