Merge pull request #10816 from anlancs/fix-bgdp-local-es-rt

[mirror_frr.git] / lib / northbound.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2018  NetDEF, Inc.
 *                     Renato Westphal
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
 * any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
 * more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; see the file COPYING; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#include <zebra.h>

#include "libfrr.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "lib_errors.h"
#include "hash.h"
#include "command.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "db.h"
#include "frr_pthread.h"
#include "northbound.h"
#include "northbound_cli.h"
#include "northbound_db.h"
#include "frrstr.h"

DEFINE_MTYPE_STATIC(LIB, NB_NODE, "Northbound Node");
DEFINE_MTYPE_STATIC(LIB, NB_CONFIG, "Northbound Configuration");
DEFINE_MTYPE_STATIC(LIB, NB_CONFIG_ENTRY, "Northbound Configuration Entry");

/* Running configuration - shouldn't be modified directly. */
struct nb_config *running_config;

/* Hash table of user pointers associated with configuration entries. */
static struct hash *running_config_entries;

/* Management lock for the running configuration. */
static struct {
        /* Mutex protecting this structure. */
        pthread_mutex_t mtx;

        /* Actual lock. */
        bool locked;

        /* Northbound client who owns this lock. */
        enum nb_client owner_client;

        /* Northbound user who owns this lock. */
        const void *owner_user;
} running_config_mgmt_lock;

/* Knob to record config transaction */
static bool nb_db_enabled;
/*
 * Global lock used to prevent multiple configuration transactions from
 * happening concurrently.
 */
static bool transaction_in_progress;

static int nb_callback_pre_validate(struct nb_context *context,
                                    const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                                    const struct lyd_node *dnode, char *errmsg,
                                    size_t errmsg_len);
static int nb_callback_configuration(struct nb_context *context,
                                     const enum nb_event event,
                                     struct nb_config_change *change,
                                     char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len);
static struct nb_transaction *
nb_transaction_new(struct nb_context *context, struct nb_config *config,
                   struct nb_config_cbs *changes, const char *comment,
                   char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len);
static void nb_transaction_free(struct nb_transaction *transaction);
static int nb_transaction_process(enum nb_event event,
                                  struct nb_transaction *transaction,
                                  char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len);
static void nb_transaction_apply_finish(struct nb_transaction *transaction,
                                        char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len);
static int nb_oper_data_iter_node(const struct lysc_node *snode,
                                  const char *xpath, const void *list_entry,
                                  const struct yang_list_keys *list_keys,
                                  struct yang_translator *translator,
                                  bool first, uint32_t flags,
                                  nb_oper_data_cb cb, void *arg);

static int nb_node_check_config_only(const struct lysc_node *snode, void *arg)
{
        bool *config_only = arg;

        if (CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_R)) {
                *config_only = false;
                return YANG_ITER_STOP;
        }

        return YANG_ITER_CONTINUE;
}

static int nb_node_new_cb(const struct lysc_node *snode, void *arg)
{
        struct nb_node *nb_node;
        struct lysc_node *sparent, *sparent_list;

        nb_node = XCALLOC(MTYPE_NB_NODE, sizeof(*nb_node));
        yang_snode_get_path(snode, YANG_PATH_DATA, nb_node->xpath,
                            sizeof(nb_node->xpath));
        nb_node->priority = NB_DFLT_PRIORITY;
        sparent = yang_snode_real_parent(snode);
        if (sparent)
                nb_node->parent = sparent->priv;
        sparent_list = yang_snode_parent_list(snode);
        if (sparent_list)
                nb_node->parent_list = sparent_list->priv;

        /* Set flags. */
        if (CHECK_FLAG(snode->nodetype, LYS_CONTAINER | LYS_LIST)) {
                bool config_only = true;

                (void)yang_snodes_iterate_subtree(snode, NULL,
                                                  nb_node_check_config_only, 0,
                                                  &config_only);
                if (config_only)
                        SET_FLAG(nb_node->flags, F_NB_NODE_CONFIG_ONLY);
        }
        if (CHECK_FLAG(snode->nodetype, LYS_LIST)) {
                if (yang_snode_num_keys(snode) == 0)
                        SET_FLAG(nb_node->flags, F_NB_NODE_KEYLESS_LIST);
        }

        /*
         * Link the northbound node and the libyang schema node with one
         * another.
         */
        nb_node->snode = snode;
        assert(snode->priv == NULL);
        ((struct lysc_node *)snode)->priv = nb_node;

        return YANG_ITER_CONTINUE;
}

static int nb_node_del_cb(const struct lysc_node *snode, void *arg)
{
        struct nb_node *nb_node;

        nb_node = snode->priv;
        if (nb_node) {
                ((struct lysc_node *)snode)->priv = NULL;
                XFREE(MTYPE_NB_NODE, nb_node);
        }

        return YANG_ITER_CONTINUE;
}

void nb_nodes_create(void)
{
        yang_snodes_iterate(NULL, nb_node_new_cb, 0, NULL);
}

void nb_nodes_delete(void)
{
        yang_snodes_iterate(NULL, nb_node_del_cb, 0, NULL);
}

struct nb_node *nb_node_find(const char *path)
{
        const struct lysc_node *snode;

        /*
         * Use libyang to find the schema node associated to the path and get
         * the northbound node from there (snode private pointer).
         */
        snode = lys_find_path(ly_native_ctx, NULL, path, 0);
        if (!snode)
                return NULL;

        return snode->priv;
}

void nb_node_set_dependency_cbs(const char *dependency_xpath,
                                const char *dependant_xpath,
                                struct nb_dependency_callbacks *cbs)
{
        struct nb_node *dependency = nb_node_find(dependency_xpath);
        struct nb_node *dependant = nb_node_find(dependant_xpath);

        if (!dependency || !dependant)
                return;

        dependency->dep_cbs.get_dependant_xpath = cbs->get_dependant_xpath;
        dependant->dep_cbs.get_dependency_xpath = cbs->get_dependency_xpath;
}

bool nb_node_has_dependency(struct nb_node *node)
{
        return node->dep_cbs.get_dependency_xpath != NULL;
}

static int nb_node_validate_cb(const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                               enum nb_operation operation,
                               int callback_implemented, bool optional)
{
        bool valid;

        valid = nb_operation_is_valid(operation, nb_node->snode);

        /*
         * Add an exception for operational data callbacks. A rw list usually
         * doesn't need any associated operational data callbacks. But if this
         * rw list is augmented by another module which adds state nodes under
         * it, then this list will need to have the 'get_next()', 'get_keys()'
         * and 'lookup_entry()' callbacks. As such, never log a warning when
         * these callbacks are implemented when they are not needed, since this
         * depends on context (e.g. some daemons might augment "frr-interface"
         * while others don't).
         */
        if (!valid && callback_implemented && operation != NB_OP_GET_NEXT
            && operation != NB_OP_GET_KEYS && operation != NB_OP_LOOKUP_ENTRY)
                flog_warn(EC_LIB_NB_CB_UNNEEDED,
                          "unneeded '%s' callback for '%s'",
                          nb_operation_name(operation), nb_node->xpath);

        if (!optional && valid && !callback_implemented) {
                flog_err(EC_LIB_NB_CB_MISSING, "missing '%s' callback for '%s'",
                         nb_operation_name(operation), nb_node->xpath);
                return 1;
        }

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Check if the required callbacks were implemented for the given northbound
 * node.
 */
static unsigned int nb_node_validate_cbs(const struct nb_node *nb_node)

{
        unsigned int error = 0;

        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_CREATE,
                                     !!nb_node->cbs.create, false);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_MODIFY,
                                     !!nb_node->cbs.modify, false);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_DESTROY,
                                     !!nb_node->cbs.destroy, false);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_MOVE, !!nb_node->cbs.move,
                                     false);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_PRE_VALIDATE,
                                     !!nb_node->cbs.pre_validate, true);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_APPLY_FINISH,
                                     !!nb_node->cbs.apply_finish, true);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_GET_ELEM,
                                     !!nb_node->cbs.get_elem, false);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_GET_NEXT,
                                     !!nb_node->cbs.get_next, false);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_GET_KEYS,
                                     !!nb_node->cbs.get_keys, false);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_LOOKUP_ENTRY,
                                     !!nb_node->cbs.lookup_entry, false);
        error += nb_node_validate_cb(nb_node, NB_OP_RPC, !!nb_node->cbs.rpc,
                                     false);

        return error;
}

static unsigned int nb_node_validate_priority(const struct nb_node *nb_node)
{
        /* Top-level nodes can have any priority. */
        if (!nb_node->parent)
                return 0;

        if (nb_node->priority < nb_node->parent->priority) {
                flog_err(EC_LIB_NB_CB_INVALID_PRIO,
                         "node has higher priority than its parent [xpath %s]",
                         nb_node->xpath);
                return 1;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int nb_node_validate(const struct lysc_node *snode, void *arg)
{
        struct nb_node *nb_node = snode->priv;
        unsigned int *errors = arg;

        /* Validate callbacks and priority. */
        if (nb_node) {
                *errors += nb_node_validate_cbs(nb_node);
                *errors += nb_node_validate_priority(nb_node);
        }

        return YANG_ITER_CONTINUE;
}

struct nb_config *nb_config_new(struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        struct nb_config *config;

        config = XCALLOC(MTYPE_NB_CONFIG, sizeof(*config));
        if (dnode)
                config->dnode = dnode;
        else
                config->dnode = yang_dnode_new(ly_native_ctx, true);
        config->version = 0;

        return config;
}

void nb_config_free(struct nb_config *config)
{
        if (config->dnode)
                yang_dnode_free(config->dnode);
        XFREE(MTYPE_NB_CONFIG, config);
}

struct nb_config *nb_config_dup(const struct nb_config *config)
{
        struct nb_config *dup;

        dup = XCALLOC(MTYPE_NB_CONFIG, sizeof(*dup));
        dup->dnode = yang_dnode_dup(config->dnode);
        dup->version = config->version;

        return dup;
}

int nb_config_merge(struct nb_config *config_dst, struct nb_config *config_src,
                    bool preserve_source)
{
        int ret;

        ret = lyd_merge_siblings(&config_dst->dnode, config_src->dnode, 0);
        if (ret != 0)
                flog_warn(EC_LIB_LIBYANG, "%s: lyd_merge() failed", __func__);

        if (!preserve_source)
                nb_config_free(config_src);

        return (ret == 0) ? NB_OK : NB_ERR;
}

void nb_config_replace(struct nb_config *config_dst,
                       struct nb_config *config_src, bool preserve_source)
{
        /* Update version. */
        if (config_src->version != 0)
                config_dst->version = config_src->version;

        /* Update dnode. */
        if (config_dst->dnode)
                yang_dnode_free(config_dst->dnode);
        if (preserve_source) {
                config_dst->dnode = yang_dnode_dup(config_src->dnode);
        } else {
                config_dst->dnode = config_src->dnode;
                config_src->dnode = NULL;
                nb_config_free(config_src);
        }
}

/* Generate the nb_config_cbs tree. */
static inline int nb_config_cb_compare(const struct nb_config_cb *a,
                                       const struct nb_config_cb *b)
{
        /* Sort by priority first. */
        if (a->nb_node->priority < b->nb_node->priority)
                return -1;
        if (a->nb_node->priority > b->nb_node->priority)
                return 1;

        /*
         * Preserve the order of the configuration changes as told by libyang.
         */
        if (a->seq < b->seq)
                return -1;
        if (a->seq > b->seq)
                return 1;

        /*
         * All 'apply_finish' callbacks have their sequence number set to zero.
         * In this case, compare them using their dnode pointers (the order
         * doesn't matter for callbacks that have the same priority).
         */
        if (a->dnode < b->dnode)
                return -1;
        if (a->dnode > b->dnode)
                return 1;

        return 0;
}
RB_GENERATE(nb_config_cbs, nb_config_cb, entry, nb_config_cb_compare);

static void nb_config_diff_add_change(struct nb_config_cbs *changes,
                                      enum nb_operation operation,
                                      uint32_t *seq,
                                      const struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        struct nb_config_change *change;

        /* Ignore unimplemented nodes. */
        if (!dnode->schema->priv)
                return;

        change = XCALLOC(MTYPE_TMP, sizeof(*change));
        change->cb.operation = operation;
        change->cb.seq = *seq;
        *seq = *seq + 1;
        change->cb.nb_node = dnode->schema->priv;
        change->cb.dnode = dnode;

        RB_INSERT(nb_config_cbs, changes, &change->cb);
}

static void nb_config_diff_del_changes(struct nb_config_cbs *changes)
{
        while (!RB_EMPTY(nb_config_cbs, changes)) {
                struct nb_config_change *change;

                change = (struct nb_config_change *)RB_ROOT(nb_config_cbs,
                                                            changes);
                RB_REMOVE(nb_config_cbs, changes, &change->cb);
                XFREE(MTYPE_TMP, change);
        }
}

/*
 * Helper function used when calculating the delta between two different
 * configurations. Given a new subtree, calculate all new YANG data nodes,
 * excluding default leafs and leaf-lists. This is a recursive function.
 */
static void nb_config_diff_created(const struct lyd_node *dnode, uint32_t *seq,
                                   struct nb_config_cbs *changes)
{
        enum nb_operation operation;
        struct lyd_node *child;

        /* Ignore unimplemented nodes. */
        if (!dnode->schema->priv)
                return;

        switch (dnode->schema->nodetype) {
        case LYS_LEAF:
        case LYS_LEAFLIST:
                if (lyd_is_default(dnode))
                        break;

                if (nb_operation_is_valid(NB_OP_CREATE, dnode->schema))
                        operation = NB_OP_CREATE;
                else if (nb_operation_is_valid(NB_OP_MODIFY, dnode->schema))
                        operation = NB_OP_MODIFY;
                else
                        return;

                nb_config_diff_add_change(changes, operation, seq, dnode);
                break;
        case LYS_CONTAINER:
        case LYS_LIST:
                if (nb_operation_is_valid(NB_OP_CREATE, dnode->schema))
                        nb_config_diff_add_change(changes, NB_OP_CREATE, seq,
                                                  dnode);

                /* Process child nodes recursively. */
                LY_LIST_FOR (lyd_child(dnode), child) {
                        nb_config_diff_created(child, seq, changes);
                }
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }
}

static void nb_config_diff_deleted(const struct lyd_node *dnode, uint32_t *seq,
                                   struct nb_config_cbs *changes)
{
        /* Ignore unimplemented nodes. */
        if (!dnode->schema->priv)
                return;

        if (nb_operation_is_valid(NB_OP_DESTROY, dnode->schema))
                nb_config_diff_add_change(changes, NB_OP_DESTROY, seq, dnode);
        else if (CHECK_FLAG(dnode->schema->nodetype, LYS_CONTAINER)) {
                struct lyd_node *child;

                /*
                 * Non-presence containers need special handling since they
                 * don't have "destroy" callbacks. In this case, what we need to
                 * do is to call the "destroy" callbacks of their child nodes
                 * when applicable (i.e. optional nodes).
                 */
                LY_LIST_FOR (lyd_child(dnode), child) {
                        nb_config_diff_deleted(child, seq, changes);
                }
        }
}

static int nb_lyd_diff_get_op(const struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        const struct lyd_meta *meta;
        LY_LIST_FOR (dnode->meta, meta) {
                if (strcmp(meta->name, "operation")
                    || strcmp(meta->annotation->module->name, "yang"))
                        continue;
                return lyd_get_meta_value(meta)[0];
        }
        return 'n';
}

#if 0 /* Used below in nb_config_diff inside normally disabled code */
static inline void nb_config_diff_dnode_log_path(const char *context,
                                                 const char *path,
                                                 const struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        if (dnode->schema->nodetype & LYD_NODE_TERM)
                zlog_debug("nb_config_diff: %s: %s: %s", context, path,
                           lyd_get_value(dnode));
        else
                zlog_debug("nb_config_diff: %s: %s", context, path);
}

static inline void nb_config_diff_dnode_log(const char *context,
                                            const struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        if (!dnode) {
                zlog_debug("nb_config_diff: %s: NULL", context);
                return;
        }

        char *path = lyd_path(dnode, LYD_PATH_STD, NULL, 0);
        nb_config_diff_dnode_log_path(context, path, dnode);
        free(path);
}
#endif

/* Calculate the delta between two different configurations. */
static void nb_config_diff(const struct nb_config *config1,
                           const struct nb_config *config2,
                           struct nb_config_cbs *changes)
{
        struct lyd_node *diff = NULL;
        const struct lyd_node *root, *dnode;
        struct lyd_node *target;
        int op;
        LY_ERR err;
        char *path;

#if 0 /* Useful (noisy) when debugging diff code, and for improving later */
        if (DEBUG_MODE_CHECK(&nb_dbg_cbs_config, DEBUG_MODE_ALL)) {
                LY_LIST_FOR(config1->dnode, root) {
                        LYD_TREE_DFS_BEGIN(root, dnode) {
                                nb_config_diff_dnode_log("from", dnode);
                                LYD_TREE_DFS_END(root, dnode);
                        }
                }
                LY_LIST_FOR(config2->dnode, root) {
                        LYD_TREE_DFS_BEGIN(root, dnode) {
                                nb_config_diff_dnode_log("to", dnode);
                                LYD_TREE_DFS_END(root, dnode);
                        }
                }
        }
#endif

        err = lyd_diff_siblings(config1->dnode, config2->dnode,
                                LYD_DIFF_DEFAULTS, &diff);
        assert(!err);

        if (diff && DEBUG_MODE_CHECK(&nb_dbg_cbs_config, DEBUG_MODE_ALL)) {
                char *s;

                if (!lyd_print_mem(&s, diff, LYD_JSON,
                                   LYD_PRINT_WITHSIBLINGS | LYD_PRINT_WD_ALL)) {
                        zlog_debug("%s: %s", __func__, s);
                        free(s);
                }
        }

        uint32_t seq = 0;

        LY_LIST_FOR (diff, root) {
                LYD_TREE_DFS_BEGIN (root, dnode) {
                        op = nb_lyd_diff_get_op(dnode);

                        path = lyd_path(dnode, LYD_PATH_STD, NULL, 0);

#if 0 /* Useful (noisy) when debugging diff code, and for improving later */
                        if (DEBUG_MODE_CHECK(&nb_dbg_cbs_config, DEBUG_MODE_ALL)) {
                                char context[80];
                                snprintf(context, sizeof(context),
                                         "iterating diff: oper: %c seq: %u", op, seq);
                                nb_config_diff_dnode_log_path(context, path, dnode);
                        }
#endif
                        switch (op) {
                        case 'c': /* create */
                                  /*
                                   * This is rather inefficient, but when we use
                                   * dnode from the diff instead of the
                                   * candidate config node we get failures when
                                   * looking up default values, etc, based on
                                   * the diff tree.
                                   */
                                target = yang_dnode_get(config2->dnode, path);
                                assert(target);
                                nb_config_diff_created(target, &seq, changes);

                                /* Skip rest of sub-tree, move to next sibling
                                 */
                                LYD_TREE_DFS_continue = 1;
                                break;
                        case 'd': /* delete */
                                target = yang_dnode_get(config1->dnode, path);
                                assert(target);
                                nb_config_diff_deleted(target, &seq, changes);

                                /* Skip rest of sub-tree, move to next sibling
                                 */
                                LYD_TREE_DFS_continue = 1;
                                break;
                        case 'r': /* replace */
                                /* either moving an entry or changing a value */
                                target = yang_dnode_get(config2->dnode, path);
                                assert(target);
                                nb_config_diff_add_change(changes, NB_OP_MODIFY,
                                                          &seq, target);
                                break;
                        case 'n': /* none */
                        default:
                                break;
                        }
                        free(path);
                        LYD_TREE_DFS_END(root, dnode);
                }
        }

        lyd_free_all(diff);
}

int nb_candidate_edit(struct nb_config *candidate,
                      const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                      enum nb_operation operation, const char *xpath,
                      const struct yang_data *previous,
                      const struct yang_data *data)
{
        struct lyd_node *dnode, *dep_dnode;
        char xpath_edit[XPATH_MAXLEN];
        char dep_xpath[XPATH_MAXLEN];
        LY_ERR err;

        /* Use special notation for leaf-lists (RFC 6020, section 9.13.5). */
        if (nb_node->snode->nodetype == LYS_LEAFLIST)
                snprintf(xpath_edit, sizeof(xpath_edit), "%s[.='%s']", xpath,
                         data->value);
        else
                strlcpy(xpath_edit, xpath, sizeof(xpath_edit));

        switch (operation) {
        case NB_OP_CREATE:
        case NB_OP_MODIFY:
                err = lyd_new_path(candidate->dnode, ly_native_ctx, xpath_edit,
                                   (void *)data->value, LYD_NEW_PATH_UPDATE,
                                   &dnode);
                if (err) {
                        flog_warn(EC_LIB_LIBYANG,
                                  "%s: lyd_new_path(%s) failed: %d", __func__,
                                  xpath_edit, err);
                        return NB_ERR;
                } else if (dnode) {
                        /* Create default nodes */
                        LY_ERR err = lyd_new_implicit_tree(
                                dnode, LYD_IMPLICIT_NO_STATE, NULL);
                        if (err) {
                                flog_warn(EC_LIB_LIBYANG,
                                          "%s: lyd_new_implicit_all failed: %d",
                                          __func__, err);
                        }
                        /*
                         * create dependency
                         *
                         * dnode returned by the lyd_new_path may be from a
                         * different schema, so we need to update the nb_node
                         */
                        nb_node = dnode->schema->priv;
                        if (nb_node->dep_cbs.get_dependency_xpath) {
                                nb_node->dep_cbs.get_dependency_xpath(
                                        dnode, dep_xpath);

                                err = lyd_new_path(candidate->dnode,
                                                   ly_native_ctx, dep_xpath,
                                                   NULL, LYD_NEW_PATH_UPDATE,
                                                   &dep_dnode);
                                /* Create default nodes */
                                if (!err && dep_dnode)
                                        err = lyd_new_implicit_tree(
                                                dep_dnode,
                                                LYD_IMPLICIT_NO_STATE, NULL);
                                if (err) {
                                        flog_warn(
                                                EC_LIB_LIBYANG,
                                                "%s: dependency: lyd_new_path(%s) failed: %d",
                                                __func__, dep_xpath, err);
                                        return NB_ERR;
                                }
                        }
                }
                break;
        case NB_OP_DESTROY:
                dnode = yang_dnode_get(candidate->dnode, xpath_edit);
                if (!dnode)
                        /*
                         * Return a special error code so the caller can choose
                         * whether to ignore it or not.
                         */
                        return NB_ERR_NOT_FOUND;
                /* destroy dependant */
                if (nb_node->dep_cbs.get_dependant_xpath) {
                        nb_node->dep_cbs.get_dependant_xpath(dnode, dep_xpath);

                        dep_dnode = yang_dnode_get(candidate->dnode, dep_xpath);
                        if (dep_dnode)
                                lyd_free_tree(dep_dnode);
                }
                lyd_free_tree(dnode);
                break;
        case NB_OP_MOVE:
                /* TODO: update configuration. */
                break;
        default:
                flog_warn(EC_LIB_DEVELOPMENT,
                          "%s: unknown operation (%u) [xpath %s]", __func__,
                          operation, xpath_edit);
                return NB_ERR;
        }

        return NB_OK;
}

bool nb_candidate_needs_update(const struct nb_config *candidate)
{
        if (candidate->version < running_config->version)
                return true;

        return false;
}

int nb_candidate_update(struct nb_config *candidate)
{
        struct nb_config *updated_config;

        updated_config = nb_config_dup(running_config);
        if (nb_config_merge(updated_config, candidate, true) != NB_OK)
                return NB_ERR;

        nb_config_replace(candidate, updated_config, false);

        return NB_OK;
}

/*
 * Perform YANG syntactic and semantic validation.
 *
 * WARNING: lyd_validate() can change the configuration as part of the
 * validation process.
 */
static int nb_candidate_validate_yang(struct nb_config *candidate, char *errmsg,
                                      size_t errmsg_len)
{
        if (lyd_validate_all(&candidate->dnode, ly_native_ctx,
                             LYD_VALIDATE_NO_STATE, NULL)
            != 0) {
                yang_print_errors(ly_native_ctx, errmsg, errmsg_len);
                return NB_ERR_VALIDATION;
        }

        return NB_OK;
}

/* Perform code-level validation using the northbound callbacks. */
static int nb_candidate_validate_code(struct nb_context *context,
                                      struct nb_config *candidate,
                                      struct nb_config_cbs *changes,
                                      char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_config_cb *cb;
        struct lyd_node *root, *child;
        int ret;

        /* First validate the candidate as a whole. */
        LY_LIST_FOR (candidate->dnode, root) {
                LYD_TREE_DFS_BEGIN (root, child) {
                        struct nb_node *nb_node;

                        nb_node = child->schema->priv;
                        if (!nb_node || !nb_node->cbs.pre_validate)
                                goto next;

                        ret = nb_callback_pre_validate(context, nb_node, child,
                                                       errmsg, errmsg_len);
                        if (ret != NB_OK)
                                return NB_ERR_VALIDATION;

                next:
                        LYD_TREE_DFS_END(root, child);
                }
        }

        /* Now validate the configuration changes. */
        RB_FOREACH (cb, nb_config_cbs, changes) {
                struct nb_config_change *change = (struct nb_config_change *)cb;

                ret = nb_callback_configuration(context, NB_EV_VALIDATE, change,
                                                errmsg, errmsg_len);
                if (ret != NB_OK)
                        return NB_ERR_VALIDATION;
        }

        return NB_OK;
}

int nb_candidate_validate(struct nb_context *context,
                          struct nb_config *candidate, char *errmsg,
                          size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_config_cbs changes;
        int ret;

        if (nb_candidate_validate_yang(candidate, errmsg, errmsg_len) != NB_OK)
                return NB_ERR_VALIDATION;

        RB_INIT(nb_config_cbs, &changes);
        nb_config_diff(running_config, candidate, &changes);
        ret = nb_candidate_validate_code(context, candidate, &changes, errmsg,
                                         errmsg_len);
        nb_config_diff_del_changes(&changes);

        return ret;
}

int nb_candidate_commit_prepare(struct nb_context *context,
                                struct nb_config *candidate,
                                const char *comment,
                                struct nb_transaction **transaction,
                                char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_config_cbs changes;

        if (nb_candidate_validate_yang(candidate, errmsg, errmsg_len)
            != NB_OK) {
                flog_warn(EC_LIB_NB_CANDIDATE_INVALID,
                          "%s: failed to validate candidate configuration",
                          __func__);
                return NB_ERR_VALIDATION;
        }

        RB_INIT(nb_config_cbs, &changes);
        nb_config_diff(running_config, candidate, &changes);
        if (RB_EMPTY(nb_config_cbs, &changes)) {
                snprintf(
                        errmsg, errmsg_len,
                        "No changes to apply were found during preparation phase");
                return NB_ERR_NO_CHANGES;
        }

        if (nb_candidate_validate_code(context, candidate, &changes, errmsg,
                                       errmsg_len)
            != NB_OK) {
                flog_warn(EC_LIB_NB_CANDIDATE_INVALID,
                          "%s: failed to validate candidate configuration",
                          __func__);
                nb_config_diff_del_changes(&changes);
                return NB_ERR_VALIDATION;
        }

        *transaction = nb_transaction_new(context, candidate, &changes, comment,
                                          errmsg, errmsg_len);
        if (*transaction == NULL) {
                flog_warn(EC_LIB_NB_TRANSACTION_CREATION_FAILED,
                          "%s: failed to create transaction: %s", __func__,
                          errmsg);
                nb_config_diff_del_changes(&changes);
                return NB_ERR_LOCKED;
        }

        return nb_transaction_process(NB_EV_PREPARE, *transaction, errmsg,
                                      errmsg_len);
}

void nb_candidate_commit_abort(struct nb_transaction *transaction, char *errmsg,
                               size_t errmsg_len)
{
        (void)nb_transaction_process(NB_EV_ABORT, transaction, errmsg,
                                     errmsg_len);
        nb_transaction_free(transaction);
}

void nb_candidate_commit_apply(struct nb_transaction *transaction,
                               bool save_transaction, uint32_t *transaction_id,
                               char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len)
{
        (void)nb_transaction_process(NB_EV_APPLY, transaction, errmsg,
                                     errmsg_len);
        nb_transaction_apply_finish(transaction, errmsg, errmsg_len);

        /* Replace running by candidate. */
        transaction->config->version++;
        nb_config_replace(running_config, transaction->config, true);

        /* Record transaction. */
        if (save_transaction && nb_db_enabled
            && nb_db_transaction_save(transaction, transaction_id) != NB_OK)
                flog_warn(EC_LIB_NB_TRANSACTION_RECORD_FAILED,
                          "%s: failed to record transaction", __func__);

        nb_transaction_free(transaction);
}

int nb_candidate_commit(struct nb_context *context, struct nb_config *candidate,
                        bool save_transaction, const char *comment,
                        uint32_t *transaction_id, char *errmsg,
                        size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_transaction *transaction = NULL;
        int ret;

        ret = nb_candidate_commit_prepare(context, candidate, comment,
                                          &transaction, errmsg, errmsg_len);
        /*
         * Apply the changes if the preparation phase succeeded. Otherwise abort
         * the transaction.
         */
        if (ret == NB_OK)
                nb_candidate_commit_apply(transaction, save_transaction,
                                          transaction_id, errmsg, errmsg_len);
        else if (transaction != NULL)
                nb_candidate_commit_abort(transaction, errmsg, errmsg_len);

        return ret;
}

int nb_running_lock(enum nb_client client, const void *user)
{
        int ret = -1;

        frr_with_mutex (&running_config_mgmt_lock.mtx) {
                if (!running_config_mgmt_lock.locked) {
                        running_config_mgmt_lock.locked = true;
                        running_config_mgmt_lock.owner_client = client;
                        running_config_mgmt_lock.owner_user = user;
                        ret = 0;
                }
        }

        return ret;
}

int nb_running_unlock(enum nb_client client, const void *user)
{
        int ret = -1;

        frr_with_mutex (&running_config_mgmt_lock.mtx) {
                if (running_config_mgmt_lock.locked
                    && running_config_mgmt_lock.owner_client == client
                    && running_config_mgmt_lock.owner_user == user) {
                        running_config_mgmt_lock.locked = false;
                        running_config_mgmt_lock.owner_client = NB_CLIENT_NONE;
                        running_config_mgmt_lock.owner_user = NULL;
                        ret = 0;
                }
        }

        return ret;
}

int nb_running_lock_check(enum nb_client client, const void *user)
{
        int ret = -1;

        frr_with_mutex (&running_config_mgmt_lock.mtx) {
                if (!running_config_mgmt_lock.locked
                    || (running_config_mgmt_lock.owner_client == client
                        && running_config_mgmt_lock.owner_user == user))
                        ret = 0;
        }

        return ret;
}

static void nb_log_config_callback(const enum nb_event event,
                                   enum nb_operation operation,
                                   const struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        const char *value;
        char xpath[XPATH_MAXLEN];

        if (!DEBUG_MODE_CHECK(&nb_dbg_cbs_config, DEBUG_MODE_ALL))
                return;

        yang_dnode_get_path(dnode, xpath, sizeof(xpath));
        if (yang_snode_is_typeless_data(dnode->schema))
                value = "(none)";
        else
                value = yang_dnode_get_string(dnode, NULL);

        zlog_debug(
                "northbound callback: event [%s] op [%s] xpath [%s] value [%s]",
                nb_event_name(event), nb_operation_name(operation), xpath,
                value);
}

static int nb_callback_create(struct nb_context *context,
                              const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                              enum nb_event event, const struct lyd_node *dnode,
                              union nb_resource *resource, char *errmsg,
                              size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_cb_create_args args = {};
        bool unexpected_error = false;
        int ret;

        nb_log_config_callback(event, NB_OP_CREATE, dnode);

        args.context = context;
        args.event = event;
        args.dnode = dnode;
        args.resource = resource;
        args.errmsg = errmsg;
        args.errmsg_len = errmsg_len;
        ret = nb_node->cbs.create(&args);

        /* Detect and log unexpected errors. */
        switch (ret) {
        case NB_OK:
        case NB_ERR:
                break;
        case NB_ERR_VALIDATION:
                if (event != NB_EV_VALIDATE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        case NB_ERR_RESOURCE:
                if (event != NB_EV_PREPARE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        case NB_ERR_INCONSISTENCY:
                if (event == NB_EV_VALIDATE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        default:
                unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        }
        if (unexpected_error)
                DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_config,
                       "northbound callback: unexpected return value: %s",
                       nb_err_name(ret));

        return ret;
}

static int nb_callback_modify(struct nb_context *context,
                              const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                              enum nb_event event, const struct lyd_node *dnode,
                              union nb_resource *resource, char *errmsg,
                              size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_cb_modify_args args = {};
        bool unexpected_error = false;
        int ret;

        nb_log_config_callback(event, NB_OP_MODIFY, dnode);

        args.context = context;
        args.event = event;
        args.dnode = dnode;
        args.resource = resource;
        args.errmsg = errmsg;
        args.errmsg_len = errmsg_len;
        ret = nb_node->cbs.modify(&args);

        /* Detect and log unexpected errors. */
        switch (ret) {
        case NB_OK:
        case NB_ERR:
                break;
        case NB_ERR_VALIDATION:
                if (event != NB_EV_VALIDATE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        case NB_ERR_RESOURCE:
                if (event != NB_EV_PREPARE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        case NB_ERR_INCONSISTENCY:
                if (event == NB_EV_VALIDATE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        default:
                unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        }
        if (unexpected_error)
                DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_config,
                       "northbound callback: unexpected return value: %s",
                       nb_err_name(ret));

        return ret;
}

static int nb_callback_destroy(struct nb_context *context,
                               const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                               enum nb_event event,
                               const struct lyd_node *dnode, char *errmsg,
                               size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_cb_destroy_args args = {};
        bool unexpected_error = false;
        int ret;

        nb_log_config_callback(event, NB_OP_DESTROY, dnode);

        args.context = context;
        args.event = event;
        args.dnode = dnode;
        args.errmsg = errmsg;
        args.errmsg_len = errmsg_len;
        ret = nb_node->cbs.destroy(&args);

        /* Detect and log unexpected errors. */
        switch (ret) {
        case NB_OK:
        case NB_ERR:
                break;
        case NB_ERR_VALIDATION:
                if (event != NB_EV_VALIDATE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        case NB_ERR_INCONSISTENCY:
                if (event == NB_EV_VALIDATE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        default:
                unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        }
        if (unexpected_error)
                DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_config,
                       "northbound callback: unexpected return value: %s",
                       nb_err_name(ret));

        return ret;
}

static int nb_callback_move(struct nb_context *context,
                            const struct nb_node *nb_node, enum nb_event event,
                            const struct lyd_node *dnode, char *errmsg,
                            size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_cb_move_args args = {};
        bool unexpected_error = false;
        int ret;

        nb_log_config_callback(event, NB_OP_MOVE, dnode);

        args.context = context;
        args.event = event;
        args.dnode = dnode;
        args.errmsg = errmsg;
        args.errmsg_len = errmsg_len;
        ret = nb_node->cbs.move(&args);

        /* Detect and log unexpected errors. */
        switch (ret) {
        case NB_OK:
        case NB_ERR:
                break;
        case NB_ERR_VALIDATION:
                if (event != NB_EV_VALIDATE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        case NB_ERR_INCONSISTENCY:
                if (event == NB_EV_VALIDATE)
                        unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        default:
                unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        }
        if (unexpected_error)
                DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_config,
                       "northbound callback: unexpected return value: %s",
                       nb_err_name(ret));

        return ret;
}

static int nb_callback_pre_validate(struct nb_context *context,
                                    const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                                    const struct lyd_node *dnode, char *errmsg,
                                    size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_cb_pre_validate_args args = {};
        bool unexpected_error = false;
        int ret;

        nb_log_config_callback(NB_EV_VALIDATE, NB_OP_PRE_VALIDATE, dnode);

        args.dnode = dnode;
        args.errmsg = errmsg;
        args.errmsg_len = errmsg_len;
        ret = nb_node->cbs.pre_validate(&args);

        /* Detect and log unexpected errors. */
        switch (ret) {
        case NB_OK:
        case NB_ERR_VALIDATION:
                break;
        default:
                unexpected_error = true;
                break;
        }
        if (unexpected_error)
                DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_config,
                       "northbound callback: unexpected return value: %s",
                       nb_err_name(ret));

        return ret;
}

static void nb_callback_apply_finish(struct nb_context *context,
                                     const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                                     const struct lyd_node *dnode, char *errmsg,
                                     size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_cb_apply_finish_args args = {};

        nb_log_config_callback(NB_EV_APPLY, NB_OP_APPLY_FINISH, dnode);

        args.context = context;
        args.dnode = dnode;
        args.errmsg = errmsg;
        args.errmsg_len = errmsg_len;
        nb_node->cbs.apply_finish(&args);
}

struct yang_data *nb_callback_get_elem(const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                                       const char *xpath,
                                       const void *list_entry)
{
        struct nb_cb_get_elem_args args = {};

        DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_state,
               "northbound callback (get_elem): xpath [%s] list_entry [%p]",
               xpath, list_entry);

        args.xpath = xpath;
        args.list_entry = list_entry;
        return nb_node->cbs.get_elem(&args);
}

const void *nb_callback_get_next(const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                                 const void *parent_list_entry,
                                 const void *list_entry)
{
        struct nb_cb_get_next_args args = {};

        DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_state,
               "northbound callback (get_next): node [%s] parent_list_entry [%p] list_entry [%p]",
               nb_node->xpath, parent_list_entry, list_entry);

        args.parent_list_entry = parent_list_entry;
        args.list_entry = list_entry;
        return nb_node->cbs.get_next(&args);
}

int nb_callback_get_keys(const struct nb_node *nb_node, const void *list_entry,
                         struct yang_list_keys *keys)
{
        struct nb_cb_get_keys_args args = {};

        DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_state,
               "northbound callback (get_keys): node [%s] list_entry [%p]",
               nb_node->xpath, list_entry);

        args.list_entry = list_entry;
        args.keys = keys;
        return nb_node->cbs.get_keys(&args);
}

const void *nb_callback_lookup_entry(const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                                     const void *parent_list_entry,
                                     const struct yang_list_keys *keys)
{
        struct nb_cb_lookup_entry_args args = {};

        DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_state,
               "northbound callback (lookup_entry): node [%s] parent_list_entry [%p]",
               nb_node->xpath, parent_list_entry);

        args.parent_list_entry = parent_list_entry;
        args.keys = keys;
        return nb_node->cbs.lookup_entry(&args);
}

int nb_callback_rpc(const struct nb_node *nb_node, const char *xpath,
                    const struct list *input, struct list *output, char *errmsg,
                    size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_cb_rpc_args args = {};

        DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_cbs_rpc, "northbound RPC: %s", xpath);

        args.xpath = xpath;
        args.input = input;
        args.output = output;
        args.errmsg = errmsg;
        args.errmsg_len = errmsg_len;
        return nb_node->cbs.rpc(&args);
}

/*
 * Call the northbound configuration callback associated to a given
 * configuration change.
 */
static int nb_callback_configuration(struct nb_context *context,
                                     const enum nb_event event,
                                     struct nb_config_change *change,
                                     char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len)
{
        enum nb_operation operation = change->cb.operation;
        char xpath[XPATH_MAXLEN];
        const struct nb_node *nb_node = change->cb.nb_node;
        const struct lyd_node *dnode = change->cb.dnode;
        union nb_resource *resource;
        int ret = NB_ERR;

        if (event == NB_EV_VALIDATE)
                resource = NULL;
        else
                resource = &change->resource;

        switch (operation) {
        case NB_OP_CREATE:
                ret = nb_callback_create(context, nb_node, event, dnode,
                                         resource, errmsg, errmsg_len);
                break;
        case NB_OP_MODIFY:
                ret = nb_callback_modify(context, nb_node, event, dnode,
                                         resource, errmsg, errmsg_len);
                break;
        case NB_OP_DESTROY:
                ret = nb_callback_destroy(context, nb_node, event, dnode,
                                          errmsg, errmsg_len);
                break;
        case NB_OP_MOVE:
                ret = nb_callback_move(context, nb_node, event, dnode, errmsg,
                                       errmsg_len);
                break;
        default:
                yang_dnode_get_path(dnode, xpath, sizeof(xpath));
                flog_err(EC_LIB_DEVELOPMENT,
                         "%s: unknown operation (%u) [xpath %s]", __func__,
                         operation, xpath);
                exit(1);
        }

        if (ret != NB_OK) {
                yang_dnode_get_path(dnode, xpath, sizeof(xpath));

                switch (event) {
                case NB_EV_VALIDATE:
                        flog_warn(EC_LIB_NB_CB_CONFIG_VALIDATE,
                                  "error processing configuration change: error [%s] event [%s] operation [%s] xpath [%s]%s%s",
                                  nb_err_name(ret), nb_event_name(event),
                                  nb_operation_name(operation), xpath,
                                  errmsg[0] ? " message: " : "", errmsg);
                        break;
                case NB_EV_PREPARE:
                        flog_warn(EC_LIB_NB_CB_CONFIG_PREPARE,
                                  "error processing configuration change: error [%s] event [%s] operation [%s] xpath [%s]%s%s",
                                  nb_err_name(ret), nb_event_name(event),
                                  nb_operation_name(operation), xpath,
                                  errmsg[0] ? " message: " : "", errmsg);
                        break;
                case NB_EV_ABORT:
                        flog_warn(EC_LIB_NB_CB_CONFIG_ABORT,
                                  "error processing configuration change: error [%s] event [%s] operation [%s] xpath [%s]%s%s",
                                  nb_err_name(ret), nb_event_name(event),
                                  nb_operation_name(operation), xpath,
                                  errmsg[0] ? " message: " : "", errmsg);
                        break;
                case NB_EV_APPLY:
                        flog_err(EC_LIB_NB_CB_CONFIG_APPLY,
                                 "error processing configuration change: error [%s] event [%s] operation [%s] xpath [%s]%s%s",
                                 nb_err_name(ret), nb_event_name(event),
                                 nb_operation_name(operation), xpath,
                                 errmsg[0] ? " message: " : "", errmsg);
                        break;
                default:
                        flog_err(EC_LIB_DEVELOPMENT,
                                 "%s: unknown event (%u) [xpath %s]", __func__,
                                 event, xpath);
                        exit(1);
                }
        }

        return ret;
}

static struct nb_transaction *
nb_transaction_new(struct nb_context *context, struct nb_config *config,
                   struct nb_config_cbs *changes, const char *comment,
                   char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_transaction *transaction;

        if (nb_running_lock_check(context->client, context->user)) {
                strlcpy(errmsg,
                        "running configuration is locked by another client",
                        errmsg_len);
                return NULL;
        }

        if (transaction_in_progress) {
                strlcpy(errmsg,
                        "there's already another transaction in progress",
                        errmsg_len);
                return NULL;
        }
        transaction_in_progress = true;

        transaction = XCALLOC(MTYPE_TMP, sizeof(*transaction));
        transaction->context = context;
        if (comment)
                strlcpy(transaction->comment, comment,
                        sizeof(transaction->comment));
        transaction->config = config;
        transaction->changes = *changes;

        return transaction;
}

static void nb_transaction_free(struct nb_transaction *transaction)
{
        nb_config_diff_del_changes(&transaction->changes);
        XFREE(MTYPE_TMP, transaction);
        transaction_in_progress = false;
}

/* Process all configuration changes associated to a transaction. */
static int nb_transaction_process(enum nb_event event,
                                  struct nb_transaction *transaction,
                                  char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_config_cb *cb;

        RB_FOREACH (cb, nb_config_cbs, &transaction->changes) {
                struct nb_config_change *change = (struct nb_config_change *)cb;
                int ret;

                /*
                 * Only try to release resources that were allocated
                 * successfully.
                 */
                if (event == NB_EV_ABORT && !change->prepare_ok)
                        break;

                /* Call the appropriate callback. */
                ret = nb_callback_configuration(transaction->context, event,
                                                change, errmsg, errmsg_len);
                switch (event) {
                case NB_EV_PREPARE:
                        if (ret != NB_OK)
                                return ret;
                        change->prepare_ok = true;
                        break;
                case NB_EV_ABORT:
                case NB_EV_APPLY:
                        /*
                         * At this point it's not possible to reject the
                         * transaction anymore, so any failure here can lead to
                         * inconsistencies and should be treated as a bug.
                         * Operations prone to errors, like validations and
                         * resource allocations, should be performed during the
                         * 'prepare' phase.
                         */
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
                }
        }

        return NB_OK;
}

static struct nb_config_cb *
nb_apply_finish_cb_new(struct nb_config_cbs *cbs, const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                       const struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        struct nb_config_cb *cb;

        cb = XCALLOC(MTYPE_TMP, sizeof(*cb));
        cb->nb_node = nb_node;
        cb->dnode = dnode;
        RB_INSERT(nb_config_cbs, cbs, cb);

        return cb;
}

static struct nb_config_cb *
nb_apply_finish_cb_find(struct nb_config_cbs *cbs,
                        const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                        const struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        struct nb_config_cb s;

        s.seq = 0;
        s.nb_node = nb_node;
        s.dnode = dnode;
        return RB_FIND(nb_config_cbs, cbs, &s);
}

/* Call the 'apply_finish' callbacks. */
static void nb_transaction_apply_finish(struct nb_transaction *transaction,
                                        char *errmsg, size_t errmsg_len)
{
        struct nb_config_cbs cbs;
        struct nb_config_cb *cb;

        /* Initialize tree of 'apply_finish' callbacks. */
        RB_INIT(nb_config_cbs, &cbs);

        /* Identify the 'apply_finish' callbacks that need to be called. */
        RB_FOREACH (cb, nb_config_cbs, &transaction->changes) {
                struct nb_config_change *change = (struct nb_config_change *)cb;
                const struct lyd_node *dnode = change->cb.dnode;

                /*
                 * Iterate up to the root of the data tree. When a node is being
                 * deleted, skip its 'apply_finish' callback if one is defined
                 * (the 'apply_finish' callbacks from the node ancestors should
                 * be called though).
                 */
                if (change->cb.operation == NB_OP_DESTROY) {
                        char xpath[XPATH_MAXLEN];

                        dnode = lyd_parent(dnode);
                        if (!dnode)
                                break;

                        /*
                         * The dnode from 'delete' callbacks point to elements
                         * from the running configuration. Use yang_dnode_get()
                         * to get the corresponding dnode from the candidate
                         * configuration that is being committed.
                         */
                        yang_dnode_get_path(dnode, xpath, sizeof(xpath));
                        dnode = yang_dnode_get(transaction->config->dnode,
                                               xpath);
                }
                while (dnode) {
                        struct nb_node *nb_node;

                        nb_node = dnode->schema->priv;
                        if (!nb_node || !nb_node->cbs.apply_finish)
                                goto next;

                        /*
                         * Don't call the callback more than once for the same
                         * data node.
                         */
                        if (nb_apply_finish_cb_find(&cbs, nb_node, dnode))
                                goto next;

                        nb_apply_finish_cb_new(&cbs, nb_node, dnode);

                next:
                        dnode = lyd_parent(dnode);
                }
        }

        /* Call the 'apply_finish' callbacks, sorted by their priorities. */
        RB_FOREACH (cb, nb_config_cbs, &cbs)
                nb_callback_apply_finish(transaction->context, cb->nb_node,
                                         cb->dnode, errmsg, errmsg_len);

        /* Release memory. */
        while (!RB_EMPTY(nb_config_cbs, &cbs)) {
                cb = RB_ROOT(nb_config_cbs, &cbs);
                RB_REMOVE(nb_config_cbs, &cbs, cb);
                XFREE(MTYPE_TMP, cb);
        }
}

static int nb_oper_data_iter_children(const struct lysc_node *snode,
                                      const char *xpath, const void *list_entry,
                                      const struct yang_list_keys *list_keys,
                                      struct yang_translator *translator,
                                      bool first, uint32_t flags,
                                      nb_oper_data_cb cb, void *arg)
{
        const struct lysc_node *child;

        LY_LIST_FOR (lysc_node_child(snode), child) {
                int ret;

                ret = nb_oper_data_iter_node(child, xpath, list_entry,
                                             list_keys, translator, false,
                                             flags, cb, arg);
                if (ret != NB_OK)
                        return ret;
        }

        return NB_OK;
}

static int nb_oper_data_iter_leaf(const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                                  const char *xpath, const void *list_entry,
                                  const struct yang_list_keys *list_keys,
                                  struct yang_translator *translator,
                                  uint32_t flags, nb_oper_data_cb cb, void *arg)
{
        struct yang_data *data;

        if (CHECK_FLAG(nb_node->snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_W))
                return NB_OK;

        /* Ignore list keys. */
        if (lysc_is_key(nb_node->snode))
                return NB_OK;

        data = nb_callback_get_elem(nb_node, xpath, list_entry);
        if (data == NULL)
                /* Leaf of type "empty" is not present. */
                return NB_OK;

        return (*cb)(nb_node->snode, translator, data, arg);
}

static int nb_oper_data_iter_container(const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                                       const char *xpath,
                                       const void *list_entry,
                                       const struct yang_list_keys *list_keys,
                                       struct yang_translator *translator,
                                       uint32_t flags, nb_oper_data_cb cb,
                                       void *arg)
{
        if (CHECK_FLAG(nb_node->flags, F_NB_NODE_CONFIG_ONLY))
                return NB_OK;

        /* Presence containers. */
        if (nb_node->cbs.get_elem) {
                struct yang_data *data;
                int ret;

                data = nb_callback_get_elem(nb_node, xpath, list_entry);
                if (data == NULL)
                        /* Presence container is not present. */
                        return NB_OK;

                ret = (*cb)(nb_node->snode, translator, data, arg);
                if (ret != NB_OK)
                        return ret;
        }

        /* Iterate over the child nodes. */
        return nb_oper_data_iter_children(nb_node->snode, xpath, list_entry,
                                          list_keys, translator, false, flags,
                                          cb, arg);
}

static int
nb_oper_data_iter_leaflist(const struct nb_node *nb_node, const char *xpath,
                           const void *parent_list_entry,
                           const struct yang_list_keys *parent_list_keys,
                           struct yang_translator *translator, uint32_t flags,
                           nb_oper_data_cb cb, void *arg)
{
        const void *list_entry = NULL;

        if (CHECK_FLAG(nb_node->snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_W))
                return NB_OK;

        do {
                struct yang_data *data;
                int ret;

                list_entry = nb_callback_get_next(nb_node, parent_list_entry,
                                                  list_entry);
                if (!list_entry)
                        /* End of the list. */
                        break;

                data = nb_callback_get_elem(nb_node, xpath, list_entry);
                if (data == NULL)
                        continue;

                ret = (*cb)(nb_node->snode, translator, data, arg);
                if (ret != NB_OK)
                        return ret;
        } while (list_entry);

        return NB_OK;
}

static int nb_oper_data_iter_list(const struct nb_node *nb_node,
                                  const char *xpath_list,
                                  const void *parent_list_entry,
                                  const struct yang_list_keys *parent_list_keys,
                                  struct yang_translator *translator,
                                  uint32_t flags, nb_oper_data_cb cb, void *arg)
{
        const struct lysc_node *snode = nb_node->snode;
        const void *list_entry = NULL;
        uint32_t position = 1;

        if (CHECK_FLAG(nb_node->flags, F_NB_NODE_CONFIG_ONLY))
                return NB_OK;

        /* Iterate over all list entries. */
        do {
                const struct lysc_node_leaf *skey;
                struct yang_list_keys list_keys;
                char xpath[XPATH_MAXLEN * 2];
                int ret;

                /* Obtain list entry. */
                list_entry = nb_callback_get_next(nb_node, parent_list_entry,
                                                  list_entry);
                if (!list_entry)
                        /* End of the list. */
                        break;

                if (!CHECK_FLAG(nb_node->flags, F_NB_NODE_KEYLESS_LIST)) {
                        /* Obtain the list entry keys. */
                        if (nb_callback_get_keys(nb_node, list_entry,
                                                 &list_keys)
                            != NB_OK) {
                                flog_warn(EC_LIB_NB_CB_STATE,
                                          "%s: failed to get list keys",
                                          __func__);
                                return NB_ERR;
                        }

                        /* Build XPath of the list entry. */
                        strlcpy(xpath, xpath_list, sizeof(xpath));
                        unsigned int i = 0;
                        LY_FOR_KEYS (snode, skey) {
                                assert(i < list_keys.num);
                                snprintf(xpath + strlen(xpath),
                                         sizeof(xpath) - strlen(xpath),
                                         "[%s='%s']", skey->name,
                                         list_keys.key[i]);
                                i++;
                        }
                        assert(i == list_keys.num);
                } else {
                        /*
                         * Keyless list - build XPath using a positional index.
                         */
                        snprintf(xpath, sizeof(xpath), "%s[%u]", xpath_list,
                                 position);
                        position++;
                }

                /* Iterate over the child nodes. */
                ret = nb_oper_data_iter_children(
                        nb_node->snode, xpath, list_entry, &list_keys,
                        translator, false, flags, cb, arg);
                if (ret != NB_OK)
                        return ret;
        } while (list_entry);

        return NB_OK;
}

static int nb_oper_data_iter_node(const struct lysc_node *snode,
                                  const char *xpath_parent,
                                  const void *list_entry,
                                  const struct yang_list_keys *list_keys,
                                  struct yang_translator *translator,
                                  bool first, uint32_t flags,
                                  nb_oper_data_cb cb, void *arg)
{
        struct nb_node *nb_node;
        char xpath[XPATH_MAXLEN];
        int ret = NB_OK;

        if (!first && CHECK_FLAG(flags, NB_OPER_DATA_ITER_NORECURSE)
            && CHECK_FLAG(snode->nodetype, LYS_CONTAINER | LYS_LIST))
                return NB_OK;

        /* Update XPath. */
        strlcpy(xpath, xpath_parent, sizeof(xpath));
        if (!first && snode->nodetype != LYS_USES) {
                struct lysc_node *parent;

                /* Get the real parent. */
                parent = snode->parent;

                /*
                 * When necessary, include the namespace of the augmenting
                 * module.
                 */
                if (parent && parent->module != snode->module)
                        snprintf(xpath + strlen(xpath),
                                 sizeof(xpath) - strlen(xpath), "/%s:%s",
                                 snode->module->name, snode->name);
                else
                        snprintf(xpath + strlen(xpath),
                                 sizeof(xpath) - strlen(xpath), "/%s",
                                 snode->name);
        }

        nb_node = snode->priv;
        switch (snode->nodetype) {
        case LYS_CONTAINER:
                ret = nb_oper_data_iter_container(nb_node, xpath, list_entry,
                                                  list_keys, translator, flags,
                                                  cb, arg);
                break;
        case LYS_LEAF:
                ret = nb_oper_data_iter_leaf(nb_node, xpath, list_entry,
                                             list_keys, translator, flags, cb,
                                             arg);
                break;
        case LYS_LEAFLIST:
                ret = nb_oper_data_iter_leaflist(nb_node, xpath, list_entry,
                                                 list_keys, translator, flags,
                                                 cb, arg);
                break;
        case LYS_LIST:
                ret = nb_oper_data_iter_list(nb_node, xpath, list_entry,
                                             list_keys, translator, flags, cb,
                                             arg);
                break;
        case LYS_USES:
                ret = nb_oper_data_iter_children(snode, xpath, list_entry,
                                                 list_keys, translator, false,
                                                 flags, cb, arg);
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }

        return ret;
}

int nb_oper_data_iterate(const char *xpath, struct yang_translator *translator,
                         uint32_t flags, nb_oper_data_cb cb, void *arg)
{
        struct nb_node *nb_node;
        const void *list_entry = NULL;
        struct yang_list_keys list_keys;
        struct list *list_dnodes;
        struct lyd_node *dnode, *dn;
        struct listnode *ln;
        int ret;

        nb_node = nb_node_find(xpath);
        if (!nb_node) {
                flog_warn(EC_LIB_YANG_UNKNOWN_DATA_PATH,
                          "%s: unknown data path: %s", __func__, xpath);
                return NB_ERR;
        }

        /* For now this function works only with containers and lists. */
        if (!CHECK_FLAG(nb_node->snode->nodetype, LYS_CONTAINER | LYS_LIST)) {
                flog_warn(
                        EC_LIB_NB_OPERATIONAL_DATA,
                        "%s: can't iterate over YANG leaf or leaf-list [xpath %s]",
                        __func__, xpath);
                return NB_ERR;
        }

        /*
         * Create a data tree from the XPath so that we can parse the keys of
         * all YANG lists (if any).
         */

        LY_ERR err = lyd_new_path(NULL, ly_native_ctx, xpath, NULL,
                                  LYD_NEW_PATH_UPDATE, &dnode);
        if (err || !dnode) {
                const char *errmsg =
                        err ? ly_errmsg(ly_native_ctx) : "node not found";
                flog_warn(EC_LIB_LIBYANG, "%s: lyd_new_path() failed %s",
                          __func__, errmsg);
                return NB_ERR;
        }

        /*
         * Create a linked list to sort the data nodes starting from the root.
         */
        list_dnodes = list_new();
        for (dn = dnode; dn; dn = lyd_parent(dn)) {
                if (dn->schema->nodetype != LYS_LIST || !lyd_child(dn))
                        continue;
                listnode_add_head(list_dnodes, dn);
        }
        /*
         * Use the northbound callbacks to find list entry pointer corresponding
         * to the given XPath.
         */
        for (ALL_LIST_ELEMENTS_RO(list_dnodes, ln, dn)) {
                struct lyd_node *child;
                struct nb_node *nn;
                unsigned int n = 0;

                /* Obtain the list entry keys. */
                memset(&list_keys, 0, sizeof(list_keys));
                LY_LIST_FOR (lyd_child(dn), child) {
                        if (!lysc_is_key(child->schema))
                                break;
                        strlcpy(list_keys.key[n],
                                yang_dnode_get_string(child, NULL),
                                sizeof(list_keys.key[n]));
                        n++;
                }
                list_keys.num = n;
                if (list_keys.num != yang_snode_num_keys(dn->schema)) {
                        list_delete(&list_dnodes);
                        yang_dnode_free(dnode);
                        return NB_ERR_NOT_FOUND;
                }

                /* Find the list entry pointer. */
                nn = dn->schema->priv;
                if (!nn->cbs.lookup_entry) {
                        flog_warn(
                                EC_LIB_NB_OPERATIONAL_DATA,
                                "%s: data path doesn't support iteration over operational data: %s",
                                __func__, xpath);
                        list_delete(&list_dnodes);
                        yang_dnode_free(dnode);
                        return NB_ERR;
                }

                list_entry =
                        nb_callback_lookup_entry(nn, list_entry, &list_keys);
                if (list_entry == NULL) {
                        list_delete(&list_dnodes);
                        yang_dnode_free(dnode);
                        return NB_ERR_NOT_FOUND;
                }
        }

        /* If a list entry was given, iterate over that list entry only. */
        if (dnode->schema->nodetype == LYS_LIST && lyd_child(dnode))
                ret = nb_oper_data_iter_children(
                        nb_node->snode, xpath, list_entry, &list_keys,
                        translator, true, flags, cb, arg);
        else
                ret = nb_oper_data_iter_node(nb_node->snode, xpath, list_entry,
                                             &list_keys, translator, true,
                                             flags, cb, arg);

        list_delete(&list_dnodes);
        yang_dnode_free(dnode);

        return ret;
}

bool nb_operation_is_valid(enum nb_operation operation,
                           const struct lysc_node *snode)
{
        struct nb_node *nb_node = snode->priv;
        struct lysc_node_container *scontainer;
        struct lysc_node_leaf *sleaf;

        switch (operation) {
        case NB_OP_CREATE:
                if (!CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_W))
                        return false;

                switch (snode->nodetype) {
                case LYS_LEAF:
                        sleaf = (struct lysc_node_leaf *)snode;
                        if (sleaf->type->basetype != LY_TYPE_EMPTY)
                                return false;
                        break;
                case LYS_CONTAINER:
                        scontainer = (struct lysc_node_container *)snode;
                        if (!CHECK_FLAG(scontainer->flags, LYS_PRESENCE))
                                return false;
                        break;
                case LYS_LIST:
                case LYS_LEAFLIST:
                        break;
                default:
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
        case NB_OP_MODIFY:
                if (!CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_W))
                        return false;

                switch (snode->nodetype) {
                case LYS_LEAF:
                        sleaf = (struct lysc_node_leaf *)snode;
                        if (sleaf->type->basetype == LY_TYPE_EMPTY)
                                return false;

                        /* List keys can't be modified. */
                        if (lysc_is_key(sleaf))
                                return false;
                        break;
                default:
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
        case NB_OP_DESTROY:
                if (!CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_W))
                        return false;

                switch (snode->nodetype) {
                case LYS_LEAF:
                        sleaf = (struct lysc_node_leaf *)snode;

                        /* List keys can't be deleted. */
                        if (lysc_is_key(sleaf))
                                return false;

                        /*
                         * Only optional leafs can be deleted, or leafs whose
                         * parent is a case statement.
                         */
                        if (snode->parent->nodetype == LYS_CASE)
                                return true;
                        if (sleaf->when)
                                return true;
                        if (CHECK_FLAG(sleaf->flags, LYS_MAND_TRUE)
                            || sleaf->dflt)
                                return false;
                        break;
                case LYS_CONTAINER:
                        scontainer = (struct lysc_node_container *)snode;
                        if (!CHECK_FLAG(scontainer->flags, LYS_PRESENCE))
                                return false;
                        break;
                case LYS_LIST:
                case LYS_LEAFLIST:
                        break;
                default:
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
        case NB_OP_MOVE:
                if (!CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_W))
                        return false;

                switch (snode->nodetype) {
                case LYS_LIST:
                case LYS_LEAFLIST:
                        if (!CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_ORDBY_USER))
                                return false;
                        break;
                default:
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
        case NB_OP_PRE_VALIDATE:
        case NB_OP_APPLY_FINISH:
                if (!CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_W))
                        return false;
                return true;
        case NB_OP_GET_ELEM:
                if (!CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_R))
                        return false;

                switch (snode->nodetype) {
                case LYS_LEAF:
                case LYS_LEAFLIST:
                        break;
                case LYS_CONTAINER:
                        scontainer = (struct lysc_node_container *)snode;
                        if (!CHECK_FLAG(scontainer->flags, LYS_PRESENCE))
                                return false;
                        break;
                default:
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
        case NB_OP_GET_NEXT:
                switch (snode->nodetype) {
                case LYS_LIST:
                        if (CHECK_FLAG(nb_node->flags, F_NB_NODE_CONFIG_ONLY))
                                return false;
                        break;
                case LYS_LEAFLIST:
                        if (CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_W))
                                return false;
                        break;
                default:
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
        case NB_OP_GET_KEYS:
        case NB_OP_LOOKUP_ENTRY:
                switch (snode->nodetype) {
                case LYS_LIST:
                        if (CHECK_FLAG(nb_node->flags, F_NB_NODE_CONFIG_ONLY))
                                return false;
                        if (CHECK_FLAG(nb_node->flags, F_NB_NODE_KEYLESS_LIST))
                                return false;
                        break;
                default:
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
        case NB_OP_RPC:
                if (CHECK_FLAG(snode->flags, LYS_CONFIG_W | LYS_CONFIG_R))
                        return false;

                switch (snode->nodetype) {
                case LYS_RPC:
                case LYS_ACTION:
                        break;
                default:
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
        default:
                return false;
        }
}

DEFINE_HOOK(nb_notification_send, (const char *xpath, struct list *arguments),
            (xpath, arguments));

int nb_notification_send(const char *xpath, struct list *arguments)
{
        int ret;

        DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_notif, "northbound notification: %s", xpath);

        ret = hook_call(nb_notification_send, xpath, arguments);
        if (arguments)
                list_delete(&arguments);

        return ret;
}

/* Running configuration user pointers management. */
struct nb_config_entry {
        char xpath[XPATH_MAXLEN];
        void *entry;
};

static bool running_config_entry_cmp(const void *value1, const void *value2)
{
        const struct nb_config_entry *c1 = value1;
        const struct nb_config_entry *c2 = value2;

        return strmatch(c1->xpath, c2->xpath);
}

static unsigned int running_config_entry_key_make(const void *value)
{
        return string_hash_make(value);
}

static void *running_config_entry_alloc(void *p)
{
        struct nb_config_entry *new, *key = p;

        new = XCALLOC(MTYPE_NB_CONFIG_ENTRY, sizeof(*new));
        strlcpy(new->xpath, key->xpath, sizeof(new->xpath));

        return new;
}

static void running_config_entry_free(void *arg)
{
        XFREE(MTYPE_NB_CONFIG_ENTRY, arg);
}

void nb_running_set_entry(const struct lyd_node *dnode, void *entry)
{
        struct nb_config_entry *config, s;

        yang_dnode_get_path(dnode, s.xpath, sizeof(s.xpath));
        config = hash_get(running_config_entries, &s,
                          running_config_entry_alloc);
        config->entry = entry;
}

void nb_running_move_tree(const char *xpath_from, const char *xpath_to)
{
        struct nb_config_entry *entry;
        struct list *entries = hash_to_list(running_config_entries);
        struct listnode *ln;

        for (ALL_LIST_ELEMENTS_RO(entries, ln, entry)) {
                if (!frrstr_startswith(entry->xpath, xpath_from))
                        continue;

                hash_release(running_config_entries, entry);

                char *newpath =
                        frrstr_replace(entry->xpath, xpath_from, xpath_to);
                strlcpy(entry->xpath, newpath, sizeof(entry->xpath));
                XFREE(MTYPE_TMP, newpath);

                hash_get(running_config_entries, entry, hash_alloc_intern);
        }

        list_delete(&entries);
}

static void *nb_running_unset_entry_helper(const struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        struct nb_config_entry *config, s;
        struct lyd_node *child;
        void *entry = NULL;

        yang_dnode_get_path(dnode, s.xpath, sizeof(s.xpath));
        config = hash_release(running_config_entries, &s);
        if (config) {
                entry = config->entry;
                running_config_entry_free(config);
        }

        /* Unset user pointers from the child nodes. */
        if (CHECK_FLAG(dnode->schema->nodetype, LYS_LIST | LYS_CONTAINER)) {
                LY_LIST_FOR (lyd_child(dnode), child) {
                        (void)nb_running_unset_entry_helper(child);
                }
        }

        return entry;
}

void *nb_running_unset_entry(const struct lyd_node *dnode)
{
        void *entry;

        entry = nb_running_unset_entry_helper(dnode);
        assert(entry);

        return entry;
}

static void *nb_running_get_entry_worker(const struct lyd_node *dnode,
                                         const char *xpath,
                                         bool abort_if_not_found,
                                         bool rec_search)
{
        const struct lyd_node *orig_dnode = dnode;
        char xpath_buf[XPATH_MAXLEN];
        bool rec_flag = true;

        assert(dnode || xpath);

        if (!dnode)
                dnode = yang_dnode_get(running_config->dnode, xpath);

        while (rec_flag && dnode) {
                struct nb_config_entry *config, s;

                yang_dnode_get_path(dnode, s.xpath, sizeof(s.xpath));
                config = hash_lookup(running_config_entries, &s);
                if (config)
                        return config->entry;

                rec_flag = rec_search;

                dnode = lyd_parent(dnode);
        }

        if (!abort_if_not_found)
                return NULL;

        yang_dnode_get_path(orig_dnode, xpath_buf, sizeof(xpath_buf));
        flog_err(EC_LIB_YANG_DNODE_NOT_FOUND,
                 "%s: failed to find entry [xpath %s]", __func__, xpath_buf);
        zlog_backtrace(LOG_ERR);
        abort();
}

void *nb_running_get_entry(const struct lyd_node *dnode, const char *xpath,
                           bool abort_if_not_found)
{
        return nb_running_get_entry_worker(dnode, xpath, abort_if_not_found,
                                           true);
}

void *nb_running_get_entry_non_rec(const struct lyd_node *dnode,
                                   const char *xpath, bool abort_if_not_found)
{
        return nb_running_get_entry_worker(dnode, xpath, abort_if_not_found,
                                           false);
}

/* Logging functions. */
const char *nb_event_name(enum nb_event event)
{
        switch (event) {
        case NB_EV_VALIDATE:
                return "validate";
        case NB_EV_PREPARE:
                return "prepare";
        case NB_EV_ABORT:
                return "abort";
        case NB_EV_APPLY:
                return "apply";
        default:
                return "unknown";
        }
}

const char *nb_operation_name(enum nb_operation operation)
{
        switch (operation) {
        case NB_OP_CREATE:
                return "create";
        case NB_OP_MODIFY:
                return "modify";
        case NB_OP_DESTROY:
                return "destroy";
        case NB_OP_MOVE:
                return "move";
        case NB_OP_PRE_VALIDATE:
                return "pre_validate";
        case NB_OP_APPLY_FINISH:
                return "apply_finish";
        case NB_OP_GET_ELEM:
                return "get_elem";
        case NB_OP_GET_NEXT:
                return "get_next";
        case NB_OP_GET_KEYS:
                return "get_keys";
        case NB_OP_LOOKUP_ENTRY:
                return "lookup_entry";
        case NB_OP_RPC:
                return "rpc";
        default:
                return "unknown";
        }
}

const char *nb_err_name(enum nb_error error)
{
        switch (error) {
        case NB_OK:
                return "ok";
        case NB_ERR:
                return "generic error";
        case NB_ERR_NO_CHANGES:
                return "no changes";
        case NB_ERR_NOT_FOUND:
                return "element not found";
        case NB_ERR_LOCKED:
                return "resource is locked";
        case NB_ERR_VALIDATION:
                return "validation";
        case NB_ERR_RESOURCE:
                return "failed to allocate resource";
        case NB_ERR_INCONSISTENCY:
                return "internal inconsistency";
        default:
                return "unknown";
        }
}

const char *nb_client_name(enum nb_client client)
{
        switch (client) {
        case NB_CLIENT_CLI:
                return "CLI";
        case NB_CLIENT_CONFD:
                return "ConfD";
        case NB_CLIENT_SYSREPO:
                return "Sysrepo";
        case NB_CLIENT_GRPC:
                return "gRPC";
        default:
                return "unknown";
        }
}

static void nb_load_callbacks(const struct frr_yang_module_info *module)
{
        for (size_t i = 0; module->nodes[i].xpath; i++) {
                struct nb_node *nb_node;
                uint32_t priority;

                if (i > YANG_MODULE_MAX_NODES) {
                        zlog_err(
                                "%s: %s.yang has more than %u nodes. Please increase YANG_MODULE_MAX_NODES to fix this problem.",
                                __func__, module->name, YANG_MODULE_MAX_NODES);
                        exit(1);
                }

                nb_node = nb_node_find(module->nodes[i].xpath);
                if (!nb_node) {
                        flog_warn(EC_LIB_YANG_UNKNOWN_DATA_PATH,
                                  "%s: unknown data path: %s", __func__,
                                  module->nodes[i].xpath);
                        continue;
                }

                nb_node->cbs = module->nodes[i].cbs;
                priority = module->nodes[i].priority;
                if (priority != 0)
                        nb_node->priority = priority;
        }
}

void nb_validate_callbacks(void)
{
        unsigned int errors = 0;

        yang_snodes_iterate(NULL, nb_node_validate, 0, &errors);
        if (errors > 0) {
                flog_err(
                        EC_LIB_NB_CBS_VALIDATION,
                        "%s: failed to validate northbound callbacks: %u error(s)",
                        __func__, errors);
                exit(1);
        }
}


void nb_init(struct thread_master *tm,
             const struct frr_yang_module_info *const modules[],
             size_t nmodules, bool db_enabled)
{
        struct yang_module *loaded[nmodules], **loadedp = loaded;
        bool explicit_compile;

        /*
         * Currently using this explicit compile feature in libyang2 leads to
         * incorrect behavior in FRR. The functionality suppresses the compiling
         * of modules until they have all been loaded into the context. This
         * avoids multiple recompiles of the same modules as they are
         * imported/augmented etc.
         */
        explicit_compile = false;

        nb_db_enabled = db_enabled;

        yang_init(true, explicit_compile);

        /* Load YANG modules and their corresponding northbound callbacks. */
        for (size_t i = 0; i < nmodules; i++) {
                DEBUGD(&nb_dbg_events, "northbound: loading %s.yang",
                       modules[i]->name);
                *loadedp++ = yang_module_load(modules[i]->name);
        }

        if (explicit_compile)
                yang_init_loading_complete();

        /* Initialize the compiled nodes with northbound data */
        for (size_t i = 0; i < nmodules; i++) {
                yang_snodes_iterate(loaded[i]->info, nb_node_new_cb, 0, NULL);
                nb_load_callbacks(modules[i]);
        }

        /* Validate northbound callbacks. */
        nb_validate_callbacks();

        /* Create an empty running configuration. */
        running_config = nb_config_new(NULL);
        running_config_entries = hash_create(running_config_entry_key_make,
                                             running_config_entry_cmp,
                                             "Running Configuration Entries");
        pthread_mutex_init(&running_config_mgmt_lock.mtx, NULL);

        /* Initialize the northbound CLI. */
        nb_cli_init(tm);
}

void nb_terminate(void)
{
        /* Terminate the northbound CLI. */
        nb_cli_terminate();

        /* Delete all nb_node's from all YANG modules. */
        nb_nodes_delete();

        /* Delete the running configuration. */
        hash_clean(running_config_entries, running_config_entry_free);
        hash_free(running_config_entries);
        nb_config_free(running_config);
        pthread_mutex_destroy(&running_config_mgmt_lock.mtx);
}