2 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, 2010 Nicira Networks.
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 #include "ofp-print.h"
23 #include <netinet/in.h>
30 #include "dynamic-string.h"
33 #include "openflow/openflow.h"
34 #include "openflow/nicira-ext.h"
39 static void ofp_print_port_name(struct ds
*string
, uint16_t port
);
41 /* Returns a string that represents the contents of the Ethernet frame in the
42 * 'len' bytes starting at 'data' to 'stream' as output by tcpdump.
43 * 'total_len' specifies the full length of the Ethernet frame (of which 'len'
44 * bytes were captured).
46 * The caller must free the returned string.
48 * This starts and kills a tcpdump subprocess so it's quite expensive. */
50 ofp_packet_to_string(const void *data
, size_t len
, size_t total_len OVS_UNUSED
)
52 struct ds ds
= DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER
;
61 buf
.data
= (void *) data
;
66 ovs_error(errno
, "tmpfile");
67 return xstrdup("<error>");
69 pcap_write_header(pcap
);
70 pcap_write(pcap
, &buf
);
73 ovs_error(errno
, "error writing temporary file");
77 snprintf(command
, sizeof command
, "/usr/sbin/tcpdump -e -n -r /dev/fd/%d 2>/dev/null",
79 tcpdump
= popen(command
, "r");
82 ovs_error(errno
, "exec(\"%s\")", command
);
83 return xstrdup("<error>");
86 while ((c
= getc(tcpdump
)) != EOF
) {
90 status
= pclose(tcpdump
);
91 if (WIFEXITED(status
)) {
92 if (WEXITSTATUS(status
))
93 ovs_error(0, "tcpdump exited with status %d", WEXITSTATUS(status
));
94 } else if (WIFSIGNALED(status
)) {
95 ovs_error(0, "tcpdump exited with signal %d", WTERMSIG(status
));
100 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_PACKET_IN packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'stream'
101 * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
103 ofp_packet_in(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len
, int verbosity
)
105 const struct ofp_packet_in
*op
= oh
;
108 ds_put_format(string
, " total_len=%"PRIu16
" in_port=",
109 ntohs(op
->total_len
));
110 ofp_print_port_name(string
, ntohs(op
->in_port
));
112 if (op
->reason
== OFPR_ACTION
)
113 ds_put_cstr(string
, " (via action)");
114 else if (op
->reason
!= OFPR_NO_MATCH
)
115 ds_put_format(string
, " (***reason %"PRIu8
"***)", op
->reason
);
117 data_len
= len
- offsetof(struct ofp_packet_in
, data
);
118 ds_put_format(string
, " data_len=%zu", data_len
);
119 if (htonl(op
->buffer_id
) == UINT32_MAX
) {
120 ds_put_format(string
, " (unbuffered)");
121 if (ntohs(op
->total_len
) != data_len
)
122 ds_put_format(string
, " (***total_len != data_len***)");
124 ds_put_format(string
, " buffer=0x%08"PRIx32
, ntohl(op
->buffer_id
));
125 if (ntohs(op
->total_len
) < data_len
)
126 ds_put_format(string
, " (***total_len < data_len***)");
128 ds_put_char(string
, '\n');
132 struct ofpbuf packet
;
133 struct ofp_match match
;
134 packet
.data
= (void *) op
->data
;
135 packet
.size
= data_len
;
136 flow_extract(&packet
, ntohs(op
->in_port
), &flow
);
137 flow_to_match(&flow
, 0, &match
);
138 ofp_print_match(string
, &match
, verbosity
);
139 ds_put_char(string
, '\n');
142 char *packet
= ofp_packet_to_string(op
->data
, data_len
,
143 ntohs(op
->total_len
));
144 ds_put_cstr(string
, packet
);
149 static void ofp_print_port_name(struct ds
*string
, uint16_t port
)
168 case OFPP_CONTROLLER
:
178 ds_put_format(string
, "%"PRIu16
, port
);
181 ds_put_cstr(string
, name
);
185 ofp_print_nx_action(struct ds
*string
, const struct nx_action_header
*nah
)
187 switch (ntohs(nah
->subtype
)) {
188 case NXAST_RESUBMIT
: {
189 const struct nx_action_resubmit
*nar
= (struct nx_action_resubmit
*)nah
;
190 ds_put_format(string
, "resubmit:");
191 ofp_print_port_name(string
, ntohs(nar
->in_port
));
196 ds_put_format(string
, "***unknown Nicira action:%d***\n",
197 ntohs(nah
->subtype
));
202 ofp_print_action(struct ds
*string
, const struct ofp_action_header
*ah
,
208 struct openflow_action
{
213 const struct openflow_action of_actions
[] = {
215 sizeof(struct ofp_action_output
),
216 sizeof(struct ofp_action_output
),
218 [OFPAT_SET_VLAN_VID
] = {
219 sizeof(struct ofp_action_vlan_vid
),
220 sizeof(struct ofp_action_vlan_vid
),
222 [OFPAT_SET_VLAN_PCP
] = {
223 sizeof(struct ofp_action_vlan_pcp
),
224 sizeof(struct ofp_action_vlan_pcp
),
226 [OFPAT_STRIP_VLAN
] = {
227 sizeof(struct ofp_action_header
),
228 sizeof(struct ofp_action_header
),
230 [OFPAT_SET_DL_SRC
] = {
231 sizeof(struct ofp_action_dl_addr
),
232 sizeof(struct ofp_action_dl_addr
),
234 [OFPAT_SET_DL_DST
] = {
235 sizeof(struct ofp_action_dl_addr
),
236 sizeof(struct ofp_action_dl_addr
),
238 [OFPAT_SET_NW_SRC
] = {
239 sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_addr
),
240 sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_addr
),
242 [OFPAT_SET_NW_DST
] = {
243 sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_addr
),
244 sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_addr
),
246 [OFPAT_SET_NW_TOS
] = {
247 sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_tos
),
248 sizeof(struct ofp_action_nw_tos
),
250 [OFPAT_SET_TP_SRC
] = {
251 sizeof(struct ofp_action_tp_port
),
252 sizeof(struct ofp_action_tp_port
),
254 [OFPAT_SET_TP_DST
] = {
255 sizeof(struct ofp_action_tp_port
),
256 sizeof(struct ofp_action_tp_port
),
258 /* OFPAT_VENDOR is not here, since it would blow up the array size. */
261 if (actions_len
< sizeof *ah
) {
262 ds_put_format(string
, "***action array too short for next action***\n");
266 type
= ntohs(ah
->type
);
267 len
= ntohs(ah
->len
);
268 if (actions_len
< len
) {
269 ds_put_format(string
, "***truncated action %"PRIu16
"***\n", type
);
273 if ((len
% 8) != 0) {
274 ds_put_format(string
,
275 "***action %"PRIu16
" length not a multiple of 8***\n",
280 if (type
< ARRAY_SIZE(of_actions
)) {
281 const struct openflow_action
*act
= &of_actions
[type
];
282 if ((len
< act
->min_size
) || (len
> act
->max_size
)) {
283 ds_put_format(string
,
284 "***action %"PRIu16
" wrong length: %zu***\n", type
, len
);
291 struct ofp_action_output
*oa
= (struct ofp_action_output
*)ah
;
292 uint16_t port
= ntohs(oa
->port
);
293 if (port
< OFPP_MAX
) {
294 ds_put_format(string
, "output:%"PRIu16
, port
);
296 ofp_print_port_name(string
, port
);
297 if (port
== OFPP_CONTROLLER
) {
299 ds_put_format(string
, ":%"PRIu16
, ntohs(oa
->max_len
));
301 ds_put_cstr(string
, ":all");
308 case OFPAT_SET_VLAN_VID
: {
309 struct ofp_action_vlan_vid
*va
= (struct ofp_action_vlan_vid
*)ah
;
310 ds_put_format(string
, "mod_vlan_vid:%"PRIu16
, ntohs(va
->vlan_vid
));
314 case OFPAT_SET_VLAN_PCP
: {
315 struct ofp_action_vlan_pcp
*va
= (struct ofp_action_vlan_pcp
*)ah
;
316 ds_put_format(string
, "mod_vlan_pcp:%"PRIu8
, va
->vlan_pcp
);
320 case OFPAT_STRIP_VLAN
:
321 ds_put_cstr(string
, "strip_vlan");
324 case OFPAT_SET_DL_SRC
: {
325 struct ofp_action_dl_addr
*da
= (struct ofp_action_dl_addr
*)ah
;
326 ds_put_format(string
, "mod_dl_src:"ETH_ADDR_FMT
,
327 ETH_ADDR_ARGS(da
->dl_addr
));
331 case OFPAT_SET_DL_DST
: {
332 struct ofp_action_dl_addr
*da
= (struct ofp_action_dl_addr
*)ah
;
333 ds_put_format(string
, "mod_dl_dst:"ETH_ADDR_FMT
,
334 ETH_ADDR_ARGS(da
->dl_addr
));
338 case OFPAT_SET_NW_SRC
: {
339 struct ofp_action_nw_addr
*na
= (struct ofp_action_nw_addr
*)ah
;
340 ds_put_format(string
, "mod_nw_src:"IP_FMT
, IP_ARGS(&na
->nw_addr
));
344 case OFPAT_SET_NW_DST
: {
345 struct ofp_action_nw_addr
*na
= (struct ofp_action_nw_addr
*)ah
;
346 ds_put_format(string
, "mod_nw_dst:"IP_FMT
, IP_ARGS(&na
->nw_addr
));
350 case OFPAT_SET_NW_TOS
: {
351 struct ofp_action_nw_tos
*nt
= (struct ofp_action_nw_tos
*)ah
;
352 ds_put_format(string
, "mod_nw_tos:%d", nt
->nw_tos
);
356 case OFPAT_SET_TP_SRC
: {
357 struct ofp_action_tp_port
*ta
= (struct ofp_action_tp_port
*)ah
;
358 ds_put_format(string
, "mod_tp_src:%d", ntohs(ta
->tp_port
));
362 case OFPAT_SET_TP_DST
: {
363 struct ofp_action_tp_port
*ta
= (struct ofp_action_tp_port
*)ah
;
364 ds_put_format(string
, "mod_tp_dst:%d", ntohs(ta
->tp_port
));
369 struct ofp_action_vendor_header
*avh
370 = (struct ofp_action_vendor_header
*)ah
;
371 if (len
< sizeof *avh
) {
372 ds_put_format(string
, "***ofpat_vendor truncated***\n");
375 if (avh
->vendor
== htonl(NX_VENDOR_ID
)) {
376 ofp_print_nx_action(string
, (struct nx_action_header
*)avh
);
378 ds_put_format(string
, "vendor action:0x%x", ntohl(avh
->vendor
));
384 ds_put_format(string
, "(decoder %"PRIu16
" not implemented)", type
);
392 ofp_print_actions(struct ds
*string
, const struct ofp_action_header
*action
,
395 uint8_t *p
= (uint8_t *)action
;
398 ds_put_cstr(string
, "actions=");
400 ds_put_cstr(string
, "drop");
402 while (actions_len
> 0) {
404 ds_put_cstr(string
, ",");
406 len
= ofp_print_action(string
, (struct ofp_action_header
*)p
,
416 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_PACKET_OUT packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
417 * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
418 static void ofp_packet_out(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len
,
421 const struct ofp_packet_out
*opo
= oh
;
422 size_t actions_len
= ntohs(opo
->actions_len
);
424 ds_put_cstr(string
, " in_port=");
425 ofp_print_port_name(string
, ntohs(opo
->in_port
));
427 ds_put_format(string
, " actions_len=%zu ", actions_len
);
428 if (actions_len
> (ntohs(opo
->header
.length
) - sizeof *opo
)) {
429 ds_put_format(string
, "***packet too short for action length***\n");
432 ofp_print_actions(string
, opo
->actions
, actions_len
);
434 if (ntohl(opo
->buffer_id
) == UINT32_MAX
) {
435 int data_len
= len
- sizeof *opo
- actions_len
;
436 ds_put_format(string
, " data_len=%d", data_len
);
437 if (verbosity
> 0 && len
> sizeof *opo
) {
438 char *packet
= ofp_packet_to_string(
439 (uint8_t *)opo
->actions
+ actions_len
, data_len
, data_len
);
440 ds_put_char(string
, '\n');
441 ds_put_cstr(string
, packet
);
445 ds_put_format(string
, " buffer=0x%08"PRIx32
, ntohl(opo
->buffer_id
));
447 ds_put_char(string
, '\n');
450 /* qsort comparison function. */
452 compare_ports(const void *a_
, const void *b_
)
454 const struct ofp_phy_port
*a
= a_
;
455 const struct ofp_phy_port
*b
= b_
;
456 uint16_t ap
= ntohs(a
->port_no
);
457 uint16_t bp
= ntohs(b
->port_no
);
459 return ap
< bp
? -1 : ap
> bp
;
462 static void ofp_print_port_features(struct ds
*string
, uint32_t features
)
465 ds_put_cstr(string
, "Unsupported\n");
468 if (features
& OFPPF_10MB_HD
) {
469 ds_put_cstr(string
, "10MB-HD ");
471 if (features
& OFPPF_10MB_FD
) {
472 ds_put_cstr(string
, "10MB-FD ");
474 if (features
& OFPPF_100MB_HD
) {
475 ds_put_cstr(string
, "100MB-HD ");
477 if (features
& OFPPF_100MB_FD
) {
478 ds_put_cstr(string
, "100MB-FD ");
480 if (features
& OFPPF_1GB_HD
) {
481 ds_put_cstr(string
, "1GB-HD ");
483 if (features
& OFPPF_1GB_FD
) {
484 ds_put_cstr(string
, "1GB-FD ");
486 if (features
& OFPPF_10GB_FD
) {
487 ds_put_cstr(string
, "10GB-FD ");
489 if (features
& OFPPF_COPPER
) {
490 ds_put_cstr(string
, "COPPER ");
492 if (features
& OFPPF_FIBER
) {
493 ds_put_cstr(string
, "FIBER ");
495 if (features
& OFPPF_AUTONEG
) {
496 ds_put_cstr(string
, "AUTO_NEG ");
498 if (features
& OFPPF_PAUSE
) {
499 ds_put_cstr(string
, "AUTO_PAUSE ");
501 if (features
& OFPPF_PAUSE_ASYM
) {
502 ds_put_cstr(string
, "AUTO_PAUSE_ASYM ");
504 ds_put_char(string
, '\n');
508 ofp_print_phy_port(struct ds
*string
, const struct ofp_phy_port
*port
)
510 uint8_t name
[OFP_MAX_PORT_NAME_LEN
];
513 memcpy(name
, port
->name
, sizeof name
);
514 for (j
= 0; j
< sizeof name
- 1; j
++) {
515 if (!isprint(name
[j
])) {
521 ds_put_char(string
, ' ');
522 ofp_print_port_name(string
, ntohs(port
->port_no
));
523 ds_put_format(string
, "(%s): addr:"ETH_ADDR_FMT
", config: %#x, state:%#x\n",
524 name
, ETH_ADDR_ARGS(port
->hw_addr
), ntohl(port
->config
),
527 ds_put_format(string
, " current: ");
528 ofp_print_port_features(string
, ntohl(port
->curr
));
530 if (port
->advertised
) {
531 ds_put_format(string
, " advertised: ");
532 ofp_print_port_features(string
, ntohl(port
->advertised
));
534 if (port
->supported
) {
535 ds_put_format(string
, " supported: ");
536 ofp_print_port_features(string
, ntohl(port
->supported
));
539 ds_put_format(string
, " peer: ");
540 ofp_print_port_features(string
, ntohl(port
->peer
));
544 /* Pretty-print the struct ofp_switch_features of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to
545 * 'string' at the given 'verbosity' level. */
547 ofp_print_switch_features(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len
,
548 int verbosity OVS_UNUSED
)
550 const struct ofp_switch_features
*osf
= oh
;
551 struct ofp_phy_port
*port_list
;
555 ds_put_format(string
, " ver:0x%x, dpid:%"PRIx64
"\n",
556 osf
->header
.version
, ntohll(osf
->datapath_id
));
557 ds_put_format(string
, "n_tables:%d, n_buffers:%d\n", osf
->n_tables
,
558 ntohl(osf
->n_buffers
));
559 ds_put_format(string
, "features: capabilities:%#x, actions:%#x\n",
560 ntohl(osf
->capabilities
), ntohl(osf
->actions
));
562 if (ntohs(osf
->header
.length
) >= sizeof *osf
) {
563 len
= MIN(len
, ntohs(osf
->header
.length
));
565 n_ports
= (len
- sizeof *osf
) / sizeof *osf
->ports
;
567 port_list
= xmemdup(osf
->ports
, len
- sizeof *osf
);
568 qsort(port_list
, n_ports
, sizeof *port_list
, compare_ports
);
569 for (i
= 0; i
< n_ports
; i
++) {
570 ofp_print_phy_port(string
, &port_list
[i
]);
575 /* Pretty-print the struct ofp_switch_config of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
576 * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
578 ofp_print_switch_config(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
,
579 size_t len OVS_UNUSED
, int verbosity OVS_UNUSED
)
581 const struct ofp_switch_config
*osc
= oh
;
584 flags
= ntohs(osc
->flags
);
585 if (flags
& OFPC_SEND_FLOW_EXP
) {
586 flags
&= ~OFPC_SEND_FLOW_EXP
;
587 ds_put_format(string
, " (sending flow expirations)");
590 ds_put_format(string
, " ***unknown flags 0x%04"PRIx16
"***", flags
);
593 ds_put_format(string
, " miss_send_len=%"PRIu16
"\n", ntohs(osc
->miss_send_len
));
596 static void print_wild(struct ds
*string
, const char *leader
, int is_wild
,
597 int verbosity
, const char *format
, ...)
598 __attribute__((format(printf
, 5, 6)));
600 static void print_wild(struct ds
*string
, const char *leader
, int is_wild
,
601 int verbosity
, const char *format
, ...)
603 if (is_wild
&& verbosity
< 2) {
606 ds_put_cstr(string
, leader
);
610 va_start(args
, format
);
611 ds_put_format_valist(string
, format
, args
);
614 ds_put_char(string
, '*');
616 ds_put_char(string
, ',');
620 print_ip_netmask(struct ds
*string
, const char *leader
, uint32_t ip
,
621 uint32_t wild_bits
, int verbosity
)
623 if (wild_bits
>= 32 && verbosity
< 2) {
626 ds_put_cstr(string
, leader
);
627 if (wild_bits
< 32) {
628 ds_put_format(string
, IP_FMT
, IP_ARGS(&ip
));
630 ds_put_format(string
, "/%d", 32 - wild_bits
);
633 ds_put_char(string
, '*');
635 ds_put_char(string
, ',');
639 ofp_print_match(struct ds
*f
, const struct ofp_match
*om
, int verbosity
)
641 char *s
= ofp_match_to_string(om
, verbosity
);
647 ofp_match_to_string(const struct ofp_match
*om
, int verbosity
)
649 struct ds f
= DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER
;
650 uint32_t w
= ntohl(om
->wildcards
);
651 bool skip_type
= false;
652 bool skip_proto
= false;
654 if (!(w
& OFPFW_DL_TYPE
)) {
656 if (om
->dl_type
== htons(ETH_TYPE_IP
)) {
657 if (!(w
& OFPFW_NW_PROTO
)) {
659 if (om
->nw_proto
== IP_TYPE_ICMP
) {
660 ds_put_cstr(&f
, "icmp,");
661 } else if (om
->nw_proto
== IP_TYPE_TCP
) {
662 ds_put_cstr(&f
, "tcp,");
663 } else if (om
->nw_proto
== IP_TYPE_UDP
) {
664 ds_put_cstr(&f
, "udp,");
666 ds_put_cstr(&f
, "ip,");
670 ds_put_cstr(&f
, "ip,");
672 } else if (om
->dl_type
== htons(ETH_TYPE_ARP
)) {
673 ds_put_cstr(&f
, "arp,");
678 print_wild(&f
, "in_port=", w
& OFPFW_IN_PORT
, verbosity
,
679 "%d", ntohs(om
->in_port
));
680 print_wild(&f
, "dl_vlan=", w
& OFPFW_DL_VLAN
, verbosity
,
681 "0x%04x", ntohs(om
->dl_vlan
));
682 print_wild(&f
, "dl_vlan_pcp=", w
& OFPFW_DL_VLAN_PCP
, verbosity
,
683 "%d", om
->dl_vlan_pcp
);
684 print_wild(&f
, "dl_src=", w
& OFPFW_DL_SRC
, verbosity
,
685 ETH_ADDR_FMT
, ETH_ADDR_ARGS(om
->dl_src
));
686 print_wild(&f
, "dl_dst=", w
& OFPFW_DL_DST
, verbosity
,
687 ETH_ADDR_FMT
, ETH_ADDR_ARGS(om
->dl_dst
));
689 print_wild(&f
, "dl_type=", w
& OFPFW_DL_TYPE
, verbosity
,
690 "0x%04x", ntohs(om
->dl_type
));
692 print_ip_netmask(&f
, "nw_src=", om
->nw_src
,
693 (w
& OFPFW_NW_SRC_MASK
) >> OFPFW_NW_SRC_SHIFT
, verbosity
);
694 print_ip_netmask(&f
, "nw_dst=", om
->nw_dst
,
695 (w
& OFPFW_NW_DST_MASK
) >> OFPFW_NW_DST_SHIFT
, verbosity
);
697 print_wild(&f
, "nw_proto=", w
& OFPFW_NW_PROTO
, verbosity
,
700 if (om
->nw_proto
== IP_TYPE_ICMP
) {
701 print_wild(&f
, "icmp_type=", w
& OFPFW_ICMP_TYPE
, verbosity
,
702 "%d", ntohs(om
->icmp_type
));
703 print_wild(&f
, "icmp_code=", w
& OFPFW_ICMP_CODE
, verbosity
,
704 "%d", ntohs(om
->icmp_code
));
706 print_wild(&f
, "tp_src=", w
& OFPFW_TP_SRC
, verbosity
,
707 "%d", ntohs(om
->tp_src
));
708 print_wild(&f
, "tp_dst=", w
& OFPFW_TP_DST
, verbosity
,
709 "%d", ntohs(om
->tp_dst
));
714 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_FLOW_MOD packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
715 * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
717 ofp_print_flow_mod(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len
,
720 const struct ofp_flow_mod
*ofm
= oh
;
722 ofp_print_match(string
, &ofm
->match
, verbosity
);
723 switch (ntohs(ofm
->command
)) {
725 ds_put_cstr(string
, " ADD: ");
728 ds_put_cstr(string
, " MOD: ");
730 case OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT
:
731 ds_put_cstr(string
, " MOD_STRICT: ");
734 ds_put_cstr(string
, " DEL: ");
736 case OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT
:
737 ds_put_cstr(string
, " DEL_STRICT: ");
740 ds_put_format(string
, " cmd:%d ", ntohs(ofm
->command
));
742 ds_put_format(string
, "idle:%d hard:%d pri:%d buf:%#x",
743 ntohs(ofm
->idle_timeout
), ntohs(ofm
->hard_timeout
),
744 ofm
->match
.wildcards
? ntohs(ofm
->priority
) : (uint16_t)-1,
745 ntohl(ofm
->buffer_id
));
746 ofp_print_actions(string
, ofm
->actions
,
747 len
- offsetof(struct ofp_flow_mod
, actions
));
748 ds_put_char(string
, '\n');
751 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_FLOW_EXPIRED packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
752 * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
754 ofp_print_flow_expired(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
,
755 size_t len OVS_UNUSED
, int verbosity
)
757 const struct ofp_flow_expired
*ofe
= oh
;
759 ofp_print_match(string
, &ofe
->match
, verbosity
);
760 ds_put_cstr(string
, " reason=");
761 switch (ofe
->reason
) {
762 case OFPER_IDLE_TIMEOUT
:
763 ds_put_cstr(string
, "idle");
765 case OFPER_HARD_TIMEOUT
:
766 ds_put_cstr(string
, "hard");
769 ds_put_format(string
, "**%"PRIu8
"**", ofe
->reason
);
772 ds_put_format(string
,
773 " pri%"PRIu16
" secs%"PRIu32
" pkts%"PRIu64
" bytes%"PRIu64
"\n",
774 ofe
->match
.wildcards
? ntohs(ofe
->priority
) : (uint16_t)-1,
775 ntohl(ofe
->duration
), ntohll(ofe
->packet_count
),
776 ntohll(ofe
->byte_count
));
780 ofp_print_port_mod(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len OVS_UNUSED
,
781 int verbosity OVS_UNUSED
)
783 const struct ofp_port_mod
*opm
= oh
;
785 ds_put_format(string
, "port: %d: addr:"ETH_ADDR_FMT
", config: %#x, mask:%#x\n",
786 ntohs(opm
->port_no
), ETH_ADDR_ARGS(opm
->hw_addr
),
787 ntohl(opm
->config
), ntohl(opm
->mask
));
788 ds_put_format(string
, " advertise: ");
789 if (opm
->advertise
) {
790 ofp_print_port_features(string
, ntohl(opm
->advertise
));
792 ds_put_format(string
, "UNCHANGED\n");
802 static const struct error_type error_types
[] = {
803 #define ERROR_TYPE(TYPE) {TYPE, -1, #TYPE}
804 #define ERROR_CODE(TYPE, CODE) {TYPE, CODE, #CODE}
805 ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_HELLO_FAILED
),
806 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_HELLO_FAILED
, OFPHFC_INCOMPATIBLE
),
808 ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
),
809 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
, OFPBRC_BAD_VERSION
),
810 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
, OFPBRC_BAD_TYPE
),
811 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
, OFPBRC_BAD_STAT
),
812 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
, OFPBRC_BAD_VENDOR
),
813 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
, OFPBRC_BAD_SUBTYPE
),
814 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
, OFPBRC_BAD_LENGTH
),
815 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
, OFPBRC_BUFFER_EMPTY
),
816 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
, OFPBRC_BAD_COOKIE
),
818 ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION
),
819 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION
, OFPBAC_BAD_TYPE
),
820 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION
, OFPBAC_BAD_LEN
),
821 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION
, OFPBAC_BAD_VENDOR
),
822 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION
, OFPBAC_BAD_VENDOR_TYPE
),
823 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION
, OFPBAC_BAD_OUT_PORT
),
824 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION
, OFPBAC_BAD_ARGUMENT
),
825 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_BAD_ACTION
, OFPBAC_TOO_MANY
),
827 ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED
),
828 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED
, OFPFMFC_ALL_TABLES_FULL
),
829 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED
, OFPFMFC_BAD_COMMAND
),
831 ERROR_TYPE(OFPET_PORT_MOD_FAILED
),
832 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_PORT_MOD_FAILED
, OFPPMFC_BAD_PORT
),
833 ERROR_CODE(OFPET_PORT_MOD_FAILED
, OFPPMFC_BAD_HW_ADDR
)
835 #define N_ERROR_TYPES ARRAY_SIZE(error_types)
838 lookup_error_type(int type
)
840 const struct error_type
*t
;
842 for (t
= error_types
; t
< &error_types
[N_ERROR_TYPES
]; t
++) {
843 if (t
->type
== type
&& t
->code
== -1) {
851 lookup_error_code(int type
, int code
)
853 const struct error_type
*t
;
855 for (t
= error_types
; t
< &error_types
[N_ERROR_TYPES
]; t
++) {
856 if (t
->type
== type
&& t
->code
== code
) {
863 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_ERROR packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
864 * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
866 ofp_print_error_msg(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len
,
867 int verbosity OVS_UNUSED
)
869 const struct ofp_error_msg
*oem
= oh
;
870 int type
= ntohs(oem
->type
);
871 int code
= ntohs(oem
->code
);
874 ds_put_format(string
, " type%d(%s) code%d(%s) payload:\n",
875 type
, lookup_error_type(type
),
876 code
, lookup_error_code(type
, code
));
879 case OFPET_HELLO_FAILED
:
880 ds_put_printable(string
, (char *) oem
->data
, len
- sizeof *oem
);
883 case OFPET_BAD_REQUEST
:
884 s
= ofp_to_string(oem
->data
, len
- sizeof *oem
, 1);
885 ds_put_cstr(string
, s
);
890 ds_put_hex_dump(string
, oem
->data
, len
- sizeof *oem
, 0, true);
895 /* Pretty-print the OFPT_PORT_STATUS packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'string'
896 * at the given 'verbosity' level. */
898 ofp_print_port_status(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len OVS_UNUSED
,
899 int verbosity OVS_UNUSED
)
901 const struct ofp_port_status
*ops
= oh
;
903 if (ops
->reason
== OFPPR_ADD
) {
904 ds_put_format(string
, " ADD:");
905 } else if (ops
->reason
== OFPPR_DELETE
) {
906 ds_put_format(string
, " DEL:");
907 } else if (ops
->reason
== OFPPR_MODIFY
) {
908 ds_put_format(string
, " MOD:");
911 ofp_print_phy_port(string
, &ops
->desc
);
915 ofp_desc_stats_reply(struct ds
*string
, const void *body
,
916 size_t len OVS_UNUSED
, int verbosity OVS_UNUSED
)
918 const struct ofp_desc_stats
*ods
= body
;
920 ds_put_format(string
, "Manufacturer: %s\n", ods
->mfr_desc
);
921 ds_put_format(string
, "Hardware: %s\n", ods
->hw_desc
);
922 ds_put_format(string
, "Software: %s\n", ods
->sw_desc
);
923 ds_put_format(string
, "Serial Num: %s\n", ods
->serial_num
);
927 ofp_flow_stats_request(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
,
928 size_t len OVS_UNUSED
, int verbosity
)
930 const struct ofp_flow_stats_request
*fsr
= oh
;
932 if (fsr
->table_id
== 0xff) {
933 ds_put_format(string
, " table_id=any, ");
935 ds_put_format(string
, " table_id=%"PRIu8
", ", fsr
->table_id
);
938 ofp_print_match(string
, &fsr
->match
, verbosity
);
942 ofp_flow_stats_reply(struct ds
*string
, const void *body_
, size_t len
,
945 const char *body
= body_
;
946 const char *pos
= body
;
948 const struct ofp_flow_stats
*fs
;
949 ptrdiff_t bytes_left
= body
+ len
- pos
;
952 if (bytes_left
< sizeof *fs
) {
953 if (bytes_left
!= 0) {
954 ds_put_format(string
, " ***%td leftover bytes at end***",
960 fs
= (const void *) pos
;
961 length
= ntohs(fs
->length
);
962 if (length
< sizeof *fs
) {
963 ds_put_format(string
, " ***length=%zu shorter than minimum %zu***",
966 } else if (length
> bytes_left
) {
967 ds_put_format(string
,
968 " ***length=%zu but only %td bytes left***",
971 } else if ((length
- sizeof *fs
) % sizeof fs
->actions
[0]) {
972 ds_put_format(string
,
973 " ***length=%zu has %zu bytes leftover in "
976 (length
- sizeof *fs
) % sizeof fs
->actions
[0]);
980 ds_put_format(string
, " duration=%"PRIu32
"s, ", ntohl(fs
->duration
));
981 ds_put_format(string
, "table_id=%"PRIu8
", ", fs
->table_id
);
982 ds_put_format(string
, "priority=%"PRIu16
", ",
983 fs
->match
.wildcards
? ntohs(fs
->priority
) : (uint16_t)-1);
984 ds_put_format(string
, "n_packets=%"PRIu64
", ",
985 ntohll(fs
->packet_count
));
986 ds_put_format(string
, "n_bytes=%"PRIu64
", ", ntohll(fs
->byte_count
));
987 if (fs
->idle_timeout
!= htons(OFP_FLOW_PERMANENT
)) {
988 ds_put_format(string
, "idle_timeout=%"PRIu16
",",
989 ntohs(fs
->idle_timeout
));
991 if (fs
->hard_timeout
!= htons(OFP_FLOW_PERMANENT
)) {
992 ds_put_format(string
, "hard_timeout=%"PRIu16
",",
993 ntohs(fs
->hard_timeout
));
995 ofp_print_match(string
, &fs
->match
, verbosity
);
996 ofp_print_actions(string
, fs
->actions
, length
- sizeof *fs
);
997 ds_put_char(string
, '\n');
1004 ofp_aggregate_stats_request(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
,
1005 size_t len OVS_UNUSED
, int verbosity
)
1007 const struct ofp_aggregate_stats_request
*asr
= oh
;
1009 if (asr
->table_id
== 0xff) {
1010 ds_put_format(string
, " table_id=any, ");
1012 ds_put_format(string
, " table_id=%"PRIu8
", ", asr
->table_id
);
1015 ofp_print_match(string
, &asr
->match
, verbosity
);
1019 ofp_aggregate_stats_reply(struct ds
*string
, const void *body_
,
1020 size_t len OVS_UNUSED
, int verbosity OVS_UNUSED
)
1022 const struct ofp_aggregate_stats_reply
*asr
= body_
;
1024 ds_put_format(string
, " packet_count=%"PRIu64
, ntohll(asr
->packet_count
));
1025 ds_put_format(string
, " byte_count=%"PRIu64
, ntohll(asr
->byte_count
));
1026 ds_put_format(string
, " flow_count=%"PRIu32
, ntohl(asr
->flow_count
));
1029 static void print_port_stat(struct ds
*string
, const char *leader
,
1030 uint64_t stat
, int more
)
1032 ds_put_cstr(string
, leader
);
1034 ds_put_format(string
, "%"PRIu64
, stat
);
1036 ds_put_char(string
, '?');
1039 ds_put_cstr(string
, ", ");
1041 ds_put_cstr(string
, "\n");
1046 ofp_port_stats_reply(struct ds
*string
, const void *body
, size_t len
,
1049 const struct ofp_port_stats
*ps
= body
;
1050 size_t n
= len
/ sizeof *ps
;
1051 ds_put_format(string
, " %zu ports\n", n
);
1052 if (verbosity
< 1) {
1057 ds_put_format(string
, " port %2"PRIu16
": ", ntohs(ps
->port_no
));
1059 ds_put_cstr(string
, "rx ");
1060 print_port_stat(string
, "pkts=", ntohll(ps
->rx_packets
), 1);
1061 print_port_stat(string
, "bytes=", ntohll(ps
->rx_bytes
), 1);
1062 print_port_stat(string
, "drop=", ntohll(ps
->rx_dropped
), 1);
1063 print_port_stat(string
, "errs=", ntohll(ps
->rx_errors
), 1);
1064 print_port_stat(string
, "frame=", ntohll(ps
->rx_frame_err
), 1);
1065 print_port_stat(string
, "over=", ntohll(ps
->rx_over_err
), 1);
1066 print_port_stat(string
, "crc=", ntohll(ps
->rx_crc_err
), 0);
1068 ds_put_cstr(string
, " tx ");
1069 print_port_stat(string
, "pkts=", ntohll(ps
->tx_packets
), 1);
1070 print_port_stat(string
, "bytes=", ntohll(ps
->tx_bytes
), 1);
1071 print_port_stat(string
, "drop=", ntohll(ps
->tx_dropped
), 1);
1072 print_port_stat(string
, "errs=", ntohll(ps
->tx_errors
), 1);
1073 print_port_stat(string
, "coll=", ntohll(ps
->collisions
), 0);
1078 ofp_table_stats_reply(struct ds
*string
, const void *body
, size_t len
,
1081 const struct ofp_table_stats
*ts
= body
;
1082 size_t n
= len
/ sizeof *ts
;
1083 ds_put_format(string
, " %zu tables\n", n
);
1084 if (verbosity
< 1) {
1089 char name
[OFP_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN
+ 1];
1090 strncpy(name
, ts
->name
, sizeof name
);
1091 name
[OFP_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN
] = '\0';
1093 ds_put_format(string
, " %d: %-8s: ", ts
->table_id
, name
);
1094 ds_put_format(string
, "wild=0x%05"PRIx32
", ", ntohl(ts
->wildcards
));
1095 ds_put_format(string
, "max=%6"PRIu32
", ", ntohl(ts
->max_entries
));
1096 ds_put_format(string
, "active=%"PRIu32
"\n", ntohl(ts
->active_count
));
1097 ds_put_cstr(string
, " ");
1098 ds_put_format(string
, "lookup=%"PRIu64
", ",
1099 ntohll(ts
->lookup_count
));
1100 ds_put_format(string
, "matched=%"PRIu64
"\n",
1101 ntohll(ts
->matched_count
));
1106 vendor_stat(struct ds
*string
, const void *body
, size_t len
,
1107 int verbosity OVS_UNUSED
)
1109 ds_put_format(string
, " vendor=%08"PRIx32
, ntohl(*(uint32_t *) body
));
1110 ds_put_format(string
, " %zu bytes additional data",
1111 len
- sizeof(uint32_t));
1114 enum stats_direction
{
1120 print_stats(struct ds
*string
, int type
, const void *body
, size_t body_len
,
1121 int verbosity
, enum stats_direction direction
)
1124 size_t min_body
, max_body
;
1125 void (*printer
)(struct ds
*, const void *, size_t len
, int verbosity
);
1131 struct stats_msg request
;
1132 struct stats_msg reply
;
1135 static const struct stats_type stats_types
[] = {
1140 { 0, SIZE_MAX
, ofp_desc_stats_reply
},
1145 { sizeof(struct ofp_flow_stats_request
),
1146 sizeof(struct ofp_flow_stats_request
),
1147 ofp_flow_stats_request
},
1148 { 0, SIZE_MAX
, ofp_flow_stats_reply
},
1153 { sizeof(struct ofp_aggregate_stats_request
),
1154 sizeof(struct ofp_aggregate_stats_request
),
1155 ofp_aggregate_stats_request
},
1156 { sizeof(struct ofp_aggregate_stats_reply
),
1157 sizeof(struct ofp_aggregate_stats_reply
),
1158 ofp_aggregate_stats_reply
},
1164 { 0, SIZE_MAX
, ofp_table_stats_reply
},
1170 { 0, SIZE_MAX
, ofp_port_stats_reply
},
1175 { sizeof(uint32_t), SIZE_MAX
, vendor_stat
},
1176 { sizeof(uint32_t), SIZE_MAX
, vendor_stat
},
1186 const struct stats_type
*s
;
1187 const struct stats_msg
*m
;
1189 if (type
>= ARRAY_SIZE(stats_types
) || !stats_types
[type
].name
) {
1190 ds_put_format(string
, " ***unknown type %d***", type
);
1193 for (s
= stats_types
; s
->type
>= 0; s
++) {
1194 if (s
->type
== type
) {
1198 ds_put_format(string
, " type=%d(%s)\n", type
, s
->name
);
1200 m
= direction
== REQUEST
? &s
->request
: &s
->reply
;
1201 if (body_len
< m
->min_body
|| body_len
> m
->max_body
) {
1202 ds_put_format(string
, " ***body_len=%zu not in %zu...%zu***",
1203 body_len
, m
->min_body
, m
->max_body
);
1207 m
->printer(string
, body
, body_len
, verbosity
);
1212 ofp_stats_request(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len
, int verbosity
)
1214 const struct ofp_stats_request
*srq
= oh
;
1217 ds_put_format(string
, " ***unknown flags 0x%04"PRIx16
"***",
1221 print_stats(string
, ntohs(srq
->type
), srq
->body
,
1222 len
- offsetof(struct ofp_stats_request
, body
),
1223 verbosity
, REQUEST
);
1227 ofp_stats_reply(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len
, int verbosity
)
1229 const struct ofp_stats_reply
*srp
= oh
;
1231 ds_put_cstr(string
, " flags=");
1233 ds_put_cstr(string
, "none");
1235 uint16_t flags
= ntohs(srp
->flags
);
1236 if (flags
& OFPSF_REPLY_MORE
) {
1237 ds_put_cstr(string
, "[more]");
1238 flags
&= ~OFPSF_REPLY_MORE
;
1241 ds_put_format(string
, "[***unknown flags 0x%04"PRIx16
"***]", flags
);
1245 print_stats(string
, ntohs(srp
->type
), srp
->body
,
1246 len
- offsetof(struct ofp_stats_reply
, body
),
1251 ofp_echo(struct ds
*string
, const void *oh
, size_t len
, int verbosity
)
1253 const struct ofp_header
*hdr
= oh
;
1255 ds_put_format(string
, " %zu bytes of payload\n", len
- sizeof *hdr
);
1256 if (verbosity
> 1) {
1257 ds_put_hex_dump(string
, hdr
, len
- sizeof *hdr
, 0, true);
1261 struct openflow_packet
{
1265 void (*printer
)(struct ds
*, const void *, size_t len
, int verbosity
);
1268 static const struct openflow_packet packets
[] = {
1272 sizeof (struct ofp_header
),
1276 OFPT_FEATURES_REQUEST
,
1278 sizeof (struct ofp_header
),
1282 OFPT_FEATURES_REPLY
,
1284 sizeof (struct ofp_switch_features
),
1285 ofp_print_switch_features
,
1288 OFPT_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST
,
1289 "get_config_request",
1290 sizeof (struct ofp_header
),
1294 OFPT_GET_CONFIG_REPLY
,
1296 sizeof (struct ofp_switch_config
),
1297 ofp_print_switch_config
,
1302 sizeof (struct ofp_switch_config
),
1303 ofp_print_switch_config
,
1308 offsetof(struct ofp_packet_in
, data
),
1314 sizeof (struct ofp_packet_out
),
1320 sizeof (struct ofp_flow_mod
),
1326 sizeof (struct ofp_flow_expired
),
1327 ofp_print_flow_expired
,
1332 sizeof (struct ofp_port_mod
),
1338 sizeof (struct ofp_port_status
),
1339 ofp_print_port_status
1344 sizeof (struct ofp_error_msg
),
1345 ofp_print_error_msg
,
1350 sizeof (struct ofp_stats_request
),
1356 sizeof (struct ofp_stats_reply
),
1362 sizeof (struct ofp_header
),
1368 sizeof (struct ofp_header
),
1374 sizeof (struct ofp_vendor_header
),
1379 /* Composes and returns a string representing the OpenFlow packet of 'len'
1380 * bytes at 'oh' at the given 'verbosity' level. 0 is a minimal amount of
1381 * verbosity and higher numbers increase verbosity. The caller is responsible
1382 * for freeing the string. */
1384 ofp_to_string(const void *oh_
, size_t len
, int verbosity
)
1386 struct ds string
= DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER
;
1387 const struct ofp_header
*oh
= oh_
;
1388 const struct openflow_packet
*pkt
;
1390 if (len
< sizeof(struct ofp_header
)) {
1391 ds_put_cstr(&string
, "OpenFlow packet too short:\n");
1392 ds_put_hex_dump(&string
, oh
, len
, 0, true);
1393 return ds_cstr(&string
);
1394 } else if (oh
->version
!= OFP_VERSION
) {
1395 ds_put_format(&string
, "Bad OpenFlow version %"PRIu8
":\n", oh
->version
);
1396 ds_put_hex_dump(&string
, oh
, len
, 0, true);
1397 return ds_cstr(&string
);
1400 for (pkt
= packets
; ; pkt
++) {
1401 if (pkt
>= &packets
[ARRAY_SIZE(packets
)]) {
1402 ds_put_format(&string
, "Unknown OpenFlow packet type %"PRIu8
":\n",
1404 ds_put_hex_dump(&string
, oh
, len
, 0, true);
1405 return ds_cstr(&string
);
1406 } else if (oh
->type
== pkt
->type
) {
1411 ds_put_format(&string
, "%s (xid=0x%"PRIx32
"):", pkt
->name
, oh
->xid
);
1413 if (ntohs(oh
->length
) > len
)
1414 ds_put_format(&string
, " (***truncated to %zu bytes from %"PRIu16
"***)",
1415 len
, ntohs(oh
->length
));
1416 else if (ntohs(oh
->length
) < len
) {
1417 ds_put_format(&string
, " (***only uses %"PRIu16
" bytes out of %zu***)\n",
1418 ntohs(oh
->length
), len
);
1419 len
= ntohs(oh
->length
);
1422 if (len
< pkt
->min_size
) {
1423 ds_put_format(&string
, " (***length=%zu < min_size=%zu***)\n",
1424 len
, pkt
->min_size
);
1425 } else if (!pkt
->printer
) {
1426 if (len
> sizeof *oh
) {
1427 ds_put_format(&string
, " length=%"PRIu16
" (decoder not implemented)\n",
1431 pkt
->printer(&string
, oh
, len
, verbosity
);
1433 if (verbosity
>= 3) {
1434 ds_put_hex_dump(&string
, oh
, len
, 0, true);
1436 if (string
.string
[string
.length
- 1] != '\n') {
1437 ds_put_char(&string
, '\n');
1439 return ds_cstr(&string
);
1442 /* Returns the name for the specified OpenFlow message type as a string,
1443 * e.g. "OFPT_FEATURES_REPLY". If no name is known, the string returned is a
1444 * hex number, e.g. "0x55".
1446 * The caller must free the returned string when it is no longer needed. */
1448 ofp_message_type_to_string(uint8_t type
)
1450 struct ds s
= DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER
;
1451 const struct openflow_packet
*pkt
;
1452 for (pkt
= packets
; ; pkt
++) {
1453 if (pkt
>= &packets
[ARRAY_SIZE(packets
)]) {
1454 ds_put_format(&s
, "0x%02"PRIx8
, type
);
1456 } else if (type
== pkt
->type
) {
1459 ds_put_cstr(&s
, "OFPT_");
1460 for (p
= pkt
->name
; *p
; p
++) {
1461 ds_put_char(&s
, toupper((unsigned char) *p
));
1470 print_and_free(FILE *stream
, char *string
)
1472 fputs(string
, stream
);
1476 /* Pretty-print the OpenFlow packet of 'len' bytes at 'oh' to 'stream' at the
1477 * given 'verbosity' level. 0 is a minimal amount of verbosity and higher
1478 * numbers increase verbosity. */
1480 ofp_print(FILE *stream
, const void *oh
, size_t len
, int verbosity
)
1482 print_and_free(stream
, ofp_to_string(oh
, len
, verbosity
));
1485 /* Dumps the contents of the Ethernet frame in the 'len' bytes starting at
1486 * 'data' to 'stream' using tcpdump. 'total_len' specifies the full length of
1487 * the Ethernet frame (of which 'len' bytes were captured).
1489 * This starts and kills a tcpdump subprocess so it's quite expensive. */
1491 ofp_print_packet(FILE *stream
, const void *data
, size_t len
, size_t total_len
)
1493 print_and_free(stream
, ofp_packet_to_string(data
, len
, total_len
));