lib/packets.h

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Nicira, Inc.
   3  *
   4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
   7  *
   8  *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   9  *
  10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  14  * limitations under the License.
  15  */
  16
  17 #ifndef PACKETS_H
  18 #define PACKETS_H 1
  19
  20 #include <inttypes.h>
  21 #include <sys/types.h>
  22 #include <netinet/in.h>
  23 #include <stdint.h>
  24 #include <string.h>
  25 #include "compiler.h"
  26 #include "openvswitch/types.h"
  27 #include "random.h"
  28 #include "util.h"
  29
  30 struct ofpbuf;
  31 struct ds;
  32 struct flow;
  33
  34 bool dpid_from_string(const char *s, uint64_t *dpidp);
  35
  36 #define ETH_ADDR_LEN           6
  37
  38 static const uint8_t eth_addr_broadcast[ETH_ADDR_LEN] OVS_UNUSED
  39     = { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff };
  40
  41 static const uint8_t eth_addr_stp[ETH_ADDR_LEN] OVS_UNUSED
  42     = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xC2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
  43
  44 static const uint8_t eth_addr_lacp[ETH_ADDR_LEN] OVS_UNUSED
  45     = { 0x01, 0x80, 0xC2, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02 };
  46
  47 static inline bool eth_addr_is_broadcast(const uint8_t ea[6])
  48 {
  49     return (ea[0] & ea[1] & ea[2] & ea[3] & ea[4] & ea[5]) == 0xff;
  50 }
  51
  52 static inline bool eth_addr_is_multicast(const uint8_t ea[6])
  53 {
  54     return ea[0] & 1;
  55 }
  56 static inline bool eth_addr_is_local(const uint8_t ea[6])
  57 {
  58     /* Local if it is either a locally administered address or a Nicira random
  59      * address. */
  60     return ea[0] & 2
  61        || (ea[0] == 0x00 && ea[1] == 0x23 && ea[2] == 0x20 && ea[3] & 0x80);
  62 }
  63 static inline bool eth_addr_is_zero(const uint8_t ea[6])
  64 {
  65     return !(ea[0] | ea[1] | ea[2] | ea[3] | ea[4] | ea[5]);
  66 }
  67
  68 static inline int eth_mask_is_exact(const uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
  69 {
  70     return (ea[0] & ea[1] & ea[2] & ea[3] & ea[4] & ea[5]) == 0xff;
  71 }
  72
  73 static inline int eth_addr_compare_3way(const uint8_t a[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
  74                                         const uint8_t b[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
  75 {
  76     return memcmp(a, b, ETH_ADDR_LEN);
  77 }
  78 static inline bool eth_addr_equals(const uint8_t a[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
  79                                    const uint8_t b[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
  80 {
  81     return !eth_addr_compare_3way(a, b);
  82 }
  83 static inline bool eth_addr_equal_except(const uint8_t a[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
  84                                     const uint8_t b[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
  85                                     const uint8_t mask[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
  86 {
  87     return !(((a[0] ^ b[0]) & mask[0])
  88              || ((a[1] ^ b[1]) & mask[1])
  89              || ((a[2] ^ b[2]) & mask[2])
  90              || ((a[3] ^ b[3]) & mask[3])
  91              || ((a[4] ^ b[4]) & mask[4])
  92              || ((a[5] ^ b[5]) & mask[5]));
  93 }
  94 static inline uint64_t eth_addr_to_uint64(const uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
  95 {
  96     return (((uint64_t) ea[0] << 40)
  97             | ((uint64_t) ea[1] << 32)
  98             | ((uint64_t) ea[2] << 24)
  99             | ((uint64_t) ea[3] << 16)
 100             | ((uint64_t) ea[4] << 8)
 101             | ea[5]);
 102 }
 103 static inline void eth_addr_from_uint64(uint64_t x, uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
 104 {
 105     ea[0] = x >> 40;
 106     ea[1] = x >> 32;
 107     ea[2] = x >> 24;
 108     ea[3] = x >> 16;
 109     ea[4] = x >> 8;
 110     ea[5] = x;
 111 }
 112 static inline void eth_addr_mark_random(uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
 113 {
 114     ea[0] &= ~1;                /* Unicast. */
 115     ea[0] |= 2;                 /* Private. */
 116 }
 117 static inline void eth_addr_random(uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
 118 {
 119     random_bytes(ea, ETH_ADDR_LEN);
 120     eth_addr_mark_random(ea);
 121 }
 122 static inline void eth_addr_nicira_random(uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
 123 {
 124     eth_addr_random(ea);
 125
 126     /* Set the OUI to the Nicira one. */
 127     ea[0] = 0x00;
 128     ea[1] = 0x23;
 129     ea[2] = 0x20;
 130
 131     /* Set the top bit to indicate random Nicira address. */
 132     ea[3] |= 0x80;
 133 }
 134
 135 bool eth_addr_is_reserved(const uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN]);
 136 bool eth_addr_from_string(const char *, uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN]);
 137
 138 void compose_rarp(struct ofpbuf *, const uint8_t eth_src[ETH_ADDR_LEN]);
 139
 140 void eth_push_vlan(struct ofpbuf *, ovs_be16 tci);
 141 void eth_pop_vlan(struct ofpbuf *);
 142
 143 const char *eth_from_hex(const char *hex, struct ofpbuf **packetp);
 144 void eth_format_masked(const uint8_t eth[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
 145                        const uint8_t mask[ETH_ADDR_LEN], struct ds *s);
 146 void eth_addr_bitand(const uint8_t src[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
 147                      const uint8_t mask[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
 148                      uint8_t dst[ETH_ADDR_LEN]);
 149
 150 /* Example:
 151  *
 152  * uint8_t mac[ETH_ADDR_LEN];
 153  *    [...]
 154  * printf("The Ethernet address is "ETH_ADDR_FMT"\n", ETH_ADDR_ARGS(mac));
 155  *
 156  */
 157 #define ETH_ADDR_FMT                                                    \
 158     "%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8":%02"PRIx8
 159 #define ETH_ADDR_ARGS(ea)                                   \
 160     (ea)[0], (ea)[1], (ea)[2], (ea)[3], (ea)[4], (ea)[5]
 161
 162 /* Example:
 163  *
 164  * char *string = "1 00:11:22:33:44:55 2";
 165  * uint8_t mac[ETH_ADDR_LEN];
 166  * int a, b;
 167  *
 168  * if (sscanf(string, "%d"ETH_ADDR_SCAN_FMT"%d",
 169  *     &a, ETH_ADDR_SCAN_ARGS(mac), &b) == 1 + ETH_ADDR_SCAN_COUNT + 1) {
 170  *     ...
 171  * }
 172  */
 173 #define ETH_ADDR_SCAN_FMT "%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8":%"SCNx8
 174 #define ETH_ADDR_SCAN_ARGS(ea) \
 175         &(ea)[0], &(ea)[1], &(ea)[2], &(ea)[3], &(ea)[4], &(ea)[5]
 176 #define ETH_ADDR_SCAN_COUNT 6
 177
 178 #define ETH_TYPE_IP            0x0800
 179 #define ETH_TYPE_ARP           0x0806
 180 #define ETH_TYPE_VLAN_8021Q    0x8100
 181 #define ETH_TYPE_VLAN          ETH_TYPE_VLAN_8021Q
 182 #define ETH_TYPE_VLAN_8021AD   0x88a8
 183 #define ETH_TYPE_IPV6          0x86dd
 184 #define ETH_TYPE_LACP          0x8809
 185 #define ETH_TYPE_RARP          0x8035
 186 #define ETH_TYPE_MPLS          0x8847
 187 #define ETH_TYPE_MPLS_MCAST    0x8848
 188
 189 /* Minimum value for an Ethernet type.  Values below this are IEEE 802.2 frame
 190  * lengths. */
 191 #define ETH_TYPE_MIN           0x600
 192
 193 #define ETH_HEADER_LEN 14
 194 #define ETH_PAYLOAD_MIN 46
 195 #define ETH_PAYLOAD_MAX 1500
 196 #define ETH_TOTAL_MIN (ETH_HEADER_LEN + ETH_PAYLOAD_MIN)
 197 #define ETH_TOTAL_MAX (ETH_HEADER_LEN + ETH_PAYLOAD_MAX)
 198 #define ETH_VLAN_TOTAL_MAX (ETH_HEADER_LEN + VLAN_HEADER_LEN + ETH_PAYLOAD_MAX)
 199 struct eth_header {
 200     uint8_t eth_dst[ETH_ADDR_LEN];
 201     uint8_t eth_src[ETH_ADDR_LEN];
 202     ovs_be16 eth_type;
 203 } __attribute__((packed));
 204 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ETH_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct eth_header));
 205
 206 #define LLC_DSAP_SNAP 0xaa
 207 #define LLC_SSAP_SNAP 0xaa
 208 #define LLC_CNTL_SNAP 3
 209
 210 #define LLC_HEADER_LEN 3
 211 struct llc_header {
 212     uint8_t llc_dsap;
 213     uint8_t llc_ssap;
 214     uint8_t llc_cntl;
 215 } __attribute__((packed));
 216 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(LLC_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct llc_header));
 217
 218 #define SNAP_ORG_ETHERNET "\0\0" /* The compiler adds a null byte, so
 219                                     sizeof(SNAP_ORG_ETHERNET) == 3. */
 220 #define SNAP_HEADER_LEN 5
 221 struct snap_header {
 222     uint8_t snap_org[3];
 223     ovs_be16 snap_type;
 224 } __attribute__((packed));
 225 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(SNAP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct snap_header));
 226
 227 #define LLC_SNAP_HEADER_LEN (LLC_HEADER_LEN + SNAP_HEADER_LEN)
 228 struct llc_snap_header {
 229     struct llc_header llc;
 230     struct snap_header snap;
 231 } __attribute__((packed));
 232 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(LLC_SNAP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct llc_snap_header));
 233
 234 #define VLAN_VID_MASK 0x0fff
 235 #define VLAN_VID_SHIFT 0
 236
 237 #define VLAN_PCP_MASK 0xe000
 238 #define VLAN_PCP_SHIFT 13
 239
 240 #define VLAN_CFI 0x1000
 241
 242 /* Given the vlan_tci field from an 802.1Q header, in network byte order,
 243  * returns the VLAN ID in host byte order. */
 244 static inline uint16_t
 245 vlan_tci_to_vid(ovs_be16 vlan_tci)
 246 {
 247     return (ntohs(vlan_tci) & VLAN_VID_MASK) >> VLAN_VID_SHIFT;
 248 }
 249
 250 /* Given the vlan_tci field from an 802.1Q header, in network byte order,
 251  * returns the priority code point (PCP) in host byte order. */
 252 static inline int
 253 vlan_tci_to_pcp(ovs_be16 vlan_tci)
 254 {
 255     return (ntohs(vlan_tci) & VLAN_PCP_MASK) >> VLAN_PCP_SHIFT;
 256 }
 257
 258 #define VLAN_HEADER_LEN 4
 259 struct vlan_header {
 260     ovs_be16 vlan_tci;          /* Lowest 12 bits are VLAN ID. */
 261     ovs_be16 vlan_next_type;
 262 };
 263 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(VLAN_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct vlan_header));
 264
 265 #define VLAN_ETH_HEADER_LEN (ETH_HEADER_LEN + VLAN_HEADER_LEN)
 266 struct vlan_eth_header {
 267     uint8_t veth_dst[ETH_ADDR_LEN];
 268     uint8_t veth_src[ETH_ADDR_LEN];
 269     ovs_be16 veth_type;         /* Always htons(ETH_TYPE_VLAN). */
 270     ovs_be16 veth_tci;          /* Lowest 12 bits are VLAN ID. */
 271     ovs_be16 veth_next_type;
 272 } __attribute__((packed));
 273 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(VLAN_ETH_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct vlan_eth_header));
 274
 275 /* The "(void) (ip)[0]" below has no effect on the value, since it's the first
 276  * argument of a comma expression, but it makes sure that 'ip' is a pointer.
 277  * This is useful since a common mistake is to pass an integer instead of a
 278  * pointer to IP_ARGS. */
 279 #define IP_FMT "%"PRIu8".%"PRIu8".%"PRIu8".%"PRIu8
 280 #define IP_ARGS(ip)                             \
 281         ((void) (ip)[0], ((uint8_t *) ip)[0]),  \
 282         ((uint8_t *) ip)[1],                    \
 283         ((uint8_t *) ip)[2],                    \
 284         ((uint8_t *) ip)[3]
 285
 286 /* Example:
 287  *
 288  * char *string = "1 33.44.55.66 2";
 289  * ovs_be32 ip;
 290  * int a, b;
 291  *
 292  * if (sscanf(string, "%d"IP_SCAN_FMT"%d",
 293  *     &a, IP_SCAN_ARGS(&ip), &b) == 1 + IP_SCAN_COUNT + 1) {
 294  *     ...
 295  * }
 296  */
 297 #define IP_SCAN_FMT "%"SCNu8".%"SCNu8".%"SCNu8".%"SCNu8
 298 #define IP_SCAN_ARGS(ip)                                    \
 299         ((void) (ovs_be32) *(ip), &((uint8_t *) ip)[0]),    \
 300         &((uint8_t *) ip)[1],                               \
 301         &((uint8_t *) ip)[2],                               \
 302         &((uint8_t *) ip)[3]
 303 #define IP_SCAN_COUNT 4
 304
 305 /* Returns true if 'netmask' is a CIDR netmask, that is, if it consists of N
 306  * high-order 1-bits and 32-N low-order 0-bits. */
 307 static inline bool
 308 ip_is_cidr(ovs_be32 netmask)
 309 {
 310     uint32_t x = ~ntohl(netmask);
 311     return !(x & (x + 1));
 312 }
 313 static inline bool
 314 ip_is_multicast(ovs_be32 ip)
 315 {
 316     return (ip & htonl(0xf0000000)) == htonl(0xe0000000);
 317 }
 318 int ip_count_cidr_bits(ovs_be32 netmask);
 319 void ip_format_masked(ovs_be32 ip, ovs_be32 mask, struct ds *);
 320
 321 #define IP_VER(ip_ihl_ver) ((ip_ihl_ver) >> 4)
 322 #define IP_IHL(ip_ihl_ver) ((ip_ihl_ver) & 15)
 323 #define IP_IHL_VER(ihl, ver) (((ver) << 4) | (ihl))
 324
 325 #ifndef IPPROTO_SCTP
 326 #define IPPROTO_SCTP 132
 327 #endif
 328
 329 /* TOS fields. */
 330 #define IP_ECN_NOT_ECT 0x0
 331 #define IP_ECN_ECT_1 0x01
 332 #define IP_ECN_ECT_0 0x02
 333 #define IP_ECN_CE 0x03
 334 #define IP_ECN_MASK 0x03
 335 #define IP_DSCP_MASK 0xfc
 336
 337 #define IP_VERSION 4
 338
 339 #define IP_DONT_FRAGMENT  0x4000 /* Don't fragment. */
 340 #define IP_MORE_FRAGMENTS 0x2000 /* More fragments. */
 341 #define IP_FRAG_OFF_MASK  0x1fff /* Fragment offset. */
 342 #define IP_IS_FRAGMENT(ip_frag_off) \
 343         ((ip_frag_off) & htons(IP_MORE_FRAGMENTS | IP_FRAG_OFF_MASK))
 344
 345 #define IP_HEADER_LEN 20
 346 struct ip_header {
 347     uint8_t ip_ihl_ver;
 348     uint8_t ip_tos;
 349     ovs_be16 ip_tot_len;
 350     ovs_be16 ip_id;
 351     ovs_be16 ip_frag_off;
 352     uint8_t ip_ttl;
 353     uint8_t ip_proto;
 354     ovs_be16 ip_csum;
 355     ovs_be32 ip_src;
 356     ovs_be32 ip_dst;
 357 };
 358 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(IP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct ip_header));
 359
 360 #define ICMP_HEADER_LEN 8
 361 struct icmp_header {
 362     uint8_t icmp_type;
 363     uint8_t icmp_code;
 364     ovs_be16 icmp_csum;
 365     union {
 366         struct {
 367             ovs_be16 id;
 368             ovs_be16 seq;
 369         } echo;
 370         struct {
 371             ovs_be16 empty;
 372             ovs_be16 mtu;
 373         } frag;
 374         ovs_be32 gateway;
 375     } icmp_fields;
 376     uint8_t icmp_data[0];
 377 };
 378 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ICMP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct icmp_header));
 379
 380 #define UDP_HEADER_LEN 8
 381 struct udp_header {
 382     ovs_be16 udp_src;
 383     ovs_be16 udp_dst;
 384     ovs_be16 udp_len;
 385     ovs_be16 udp_csum;
 386 };
 387 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(UDP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct udp_header));
 388
 389 #define TCP_FIN 0x01
 390 #define TCP_SYN 0x02
 391 #define TCP_RST 0x04
 392 #define TCP_PSH 0x08
 393 #define TCP_ACK 0x10
 394 #define TCP_URG 0x20
 395
 396 #define TCP_CTL(flags, offset) (htons((flags) | ((offset) << 12)))
 397 #define TCP_FLAGS(tcp_ctl) (ntohs(tcp_ctl) & 0x003f)
 398 #define TCP_OFFSET(tcp_ctl) (ntohs(tcp_ctl) >> 12)
 399
 400 #define TCP_HEADER_LEN 20
 401 struct tcp_header {
 402     ovs_be16 tcp_src;
 403     ovs_be16 tcp_dst;
 404     ovs_be32 tcp_seq;
 405     ovs_be32 tcp_ack;
 406     ovs_be16 tcp_ctl;
 407     ovs_be16 tcp_winsz;
 408     ovs_be16 tcp_csum;
 409     ovs_be16 tcp_urg;
 410 };
 411 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(TCP_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct tcp_header));
 412
 413 #define ARP_HRD_ETHERNET 1
 414 #define ARP_PRO_IP 0x0800
 415 #define ARP_OP_REQUEST 1
 416 #define ARP_OP_REPLY 2
 417 #define ARP_OP_RARP 3
 418
 419 #define ARP_ETH_HEADER_LEN 28
 420 struct arp_eth_header {
 421     /* Generic members. */
 422     ovs_be16 ar_hrd;           /* Hardware type. */
 423     ovs_be16 ar_pro;           /* Protocol type. */
 424     uint8_t ar_hln;            /* Hardware address length. */
 425     uint8_t ar_pln;            /* Protocol address length. */
 426     ovs_be16 ar_op;            /* Opcode. */
 427
 428     /* Ethernet+IPv4 specific members. */
 429     uint8_t ar_sha[ETH_ADDR_LEN]; /* Sender hardware address. */
 430     ovs_be32 ar_spa;           /* Sender protocol address. */
 431     uint8_t ar_tha[ETH_ADDR_LEN]; /* Target hardware address. */
 432     ovs_be32 ar_tpa;           /* Target protocol address. */
 433 } __attribute__((packed));
 434 BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(ARP_ETH_HEADER_LEN == sizeof(struct arp_eth_header));
 435
 436 /* The IPv6 flow label is in the lower 20 bits of the first 32-bit word. */
 437 #define IPV6_LABEL_MASK 0x000fffff
 438
 439 /* Example:
 440  *
 441  * char *string = "1 ::1 2";
 442  * char ipv6_s[IPV6_SCAN_LEN + 1];
 443  * struct in6_addr ipv6;
 444  *
 445  * if (sscanf(string, "%d"IPV6_SCAN_FMT"%d", &a, ipv6_s, &b) == 3
 446  *     && inet_pton(AF_INET6, ipv6_s, &ipv6) == 1) {
 447  *     ...
 448  * }
 449  */
 450 #define IPV6_SCAN_FMT "%46[0123456789abcdefABCDEF:.]"
 451 #define IPV6_SCAN_LEN 46
 452
 453 extern const struct in6_addr in6addr_exact;
 454 #define IN6ADDR_EXACT_INIT { { { 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff, \
 455                                  0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff } } }
 456
 457 static inline bool ipv6_addr_equals(const struct in6_addr *a,
 458                                     const struct in6_addr *b)
 459 {
 460 #ifdef IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL
 461     return IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(a, b);
 462 #else
 463     return !memcmp(a, b, sizeof(*a));
 464 #endif
 465 }
 466
 467 static inline bool ipv6_mask_is_any(const struct in6_addr *mask) {
 468     return ipv6_addr_equals(mask, &in6addr_any);
 469 }
 470
 471 static inline bool ipv6_mask_is_exact(const struct in6_addr *mask) {
 472     return ipv6_addr_equals(mask, &in6addr_exact);
 473 }
 474
 475 void format_ipv6_addr(char *addr_str, const struct in6_addr *addr);
 476 void print_ipv6_addr(struct ds *string, const struct in6_addr *addr);
 477 void print_ipv6_masked(struct ds *string, const struct in6_addr *addr,
 478                        const struct in6_addr *mask);
 479 struct in6_addr ipv6_addr_bitand(const struct in6_addr *src,
 480                                  const struct in6_addr *mask);
 481 struct in6_addr ipv6_create_mask(int mask);
 482 int ipv6_count_cidr_bits(const struct in6_addr *netmask);
 483 bool ipv6_is_cidr(const struct in6_addr *netmask);
 484
 485 void *eth_compose(struct ofpbuf *, const uint8_t eth_dst[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
 486                   const uint8_t eth_src[ETH_ADDR_LEN], uint16_t eth_type,
 487                   size_t size);
 488 void *snap_compose(struct ofpbuf *, const uint8_t eth_dst[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
 489                    const uint8_t eth_src[ETH_ADDR_LEN],
 490                    unsigned int oui, uint16_t snap_type, size_t size);
 491 void packet_set_ipv4(struct ofpbuf *, ovs_be32 src, ovs_be32 dst, uint8_t tos,
 492                      uint8_t ttl);
 493 void packet_set_ipv6(struct ofpbuf *, uint8_t proto, const ovs_be32 src[4],
 494                      const ovs_be32 dst[4], uint8_t tc,
 495                      uint32_t fl, uint8_t hlmit);
 496 void packet_set_tcp_port(struct ofpbuf *, ovs_be16 src, ovs_be16 dst);
 497 void packet_set_udp_port(struct ofpbuf *, ovs_be16 src, ovs_be16 dst);
 498
 499 uint8_t packet_get_tcp_flags(const struct ofpbuf *, const struct flow *);
 500 void packet_format_tcp_flags(struct ds *, uint8_t);
 501
 502 #endif /* packets.h */